2. Briefly explain what it means to have a balance of trade. Then, explain the
difference between a trade surplus and a trade deficit. What's one way that a trade
surplus might be a benefit, and one way it might be a drawback? (4 points)

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions, you will attempt to find internal justification, which can lead to attitude change.

Cognitive dissonance theory is a theory in social psychology that proposes that an individual's psychological discomfort increases as a result of holding two or more contradictory opinions, values, or actions, and that they will try to alleviate this discomfort in a variety of ways.

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions, you will attempt to find internal justification, which can lead to attitude change. When people engage in behavior that is opposed to their values or self-concept, cognitive dissonance theory is the most common explanation for why they change their attitudes to match their actions.

The cognitive dissonance theory proposes that individuals strive to minimize the dissonance between two or more of their beliefs or between their beliefs and their behavior. This is done by altering one's beliefs, attitudes, or behavior or by looking for new information that would support one of the dissonant beliefs.

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govenment administrator deliver every things thet are essential for people especialy poor people.

actually what happens the goods which are supplied by the government are not at all profitable for a private company. for example in India railways are government supplied  transport services which require huge amount of money to construct railway tracts, raliway platform etc. so it will not at all profitable for private company to do  moreover the company will require huge investment which they wil unable to collect . there are other essential things that are supplied such as food item at ration shops which are sold at lower prices then market for poor section of soceity.

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The flapper epitomized the change in standards of sexual behavior. Therefore, the correct answer is the fourth option.

The flapper was a young woman from the 1920s who embodied a new spirit of liberation and freedom in terms of dress, behavior, and sexuality. She was known for her short hair, short skirts, and rebellious attitude.

The flapper represented a new way of life for young women, one that was more independent, free-spirited, and self-assured than the old ways. The flapper embodied a new sense of confidence and freedom, symbolizing the aspirations and values of a new generation. The flapper was an important symbol of the changing social order of the 1920s, reflecting the emergence of a new culture of individualism, self-expression, and personal freedom. She was an important cultural figure, helping to redefine what it meant to be a young woman in a rapidly changing world.\

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Sidney Lumet is the American director who employed a nervous, jumpy style of cutting. Lumet was born on June 25, 1924, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

He was an American filmmaker, theater director, and actor who was renowned for his realistic and socially significant dramas. Lumet began his career as a child actor in the Yiddish theater in New York City, and he made his Broadway debut in 1935 at the age of 11. Lumet worked as a director and producer of television drama in the early 1950s before transitioning to feature filmmaking with 12 Angry Men (1957).

He continued to work in films, television, and theater until his death in 2011. Lumet's best-known films include Serpico, Dog Day Afternoon, and Network, all of which depict contemporary social issues and frequently feature gritty, unglamorous urban settings. Lumet was often associated with the realist movement, which emphasizes the use of naturalistic performances, settings, and dialogue. Lumet's movies often had an unobtrusive style of editing, with long takes and minimal camera movement.

However, not all realists use an unobtrusive style of editing. Lumet was known for his use of a nervous, jumpy style of cutting in his films, which added to their intensity and realism. Lumet used a variety of techniques to create this effect, including rapid cutting, handheld cameras, and jump cuts.

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The following statement describes how Annie Turnbo Malone and Madam C.J. Walker became two of the first self-made women millionaires in the United States is "They invented a line of specialized beauty products and educated other local women to sell their products."

Annie Turnbo Malone and Madam C.J. Walker became two of the first self-made women millionaires in the United States because they invented a line of specialized beauty products and educated other local women to sell their products.

Madam C.J. Walker established the Madam C.J. Walker Laboratories and Manufacturing Company to produce a line of hair products, while Annie Turnbo Malone established Poro College, which trained and employed local African American women to sell her hair care products.

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Answer:

During this time, the Soviet Union and the Western Allies, led by the United States and Britain, were engaged in a tense geopolitical struggle known as the Cold War. The Soviet Union viewed the United States and Britain as its main rivals and adversaries, due to their opposition to Soviet expansion and their support for anti-Soviet governments and movements around the world.

Soviet leaders, including Stalin, saw the United States and Britain as imperialist powers seeking to maintain their dominance over the world, while portraying the Soviet Union as a revolutionary force seeking to spread socialism and liberate oppressed peoples. They were particularly wary of the United States, which possessed nuclear weapons and had a history of intervening in foreign conflicts to advance its strategic interests.

Stalin and other Soviet leaders were also deeply suspicious of the Western Allies due to their delayed entry into World War II, which allowed the Soviet Union to bear the brunt of the fighting against Nazi Germany. They felt that the Western Allies had been more concerned with their own interests than with defeating fascism, and that they had not done enough to support the Soviet Union during the war.

Overall, Soviet leaders likely felt a mixture of resentment, distrust, and hostility towards the United States and Britain during this time period, as they saw them as threats to Soviet security and interests.

Explanation:

Literacy development is the process of learning and developing reading and writing skills. It starts with learning how to decode words and progresses to being able to read fluently and comprehend texts.

During the advanced stage of literacy development, students acquire new vocabulary primarily through reading and being exposed to new words. Reading can include novels, non-fiction books, magazines, newspapers, and other written material. Additionally, speaking with peers and adults can help students acquire new words.

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The Association of International Certified Professional Accountants is a global professional organization that is dedicated to promoting the public interest by fostering high ethical standards, advocating for public policy that promotes the profession, and providing education, certification, and continuing professional development opportunities for its members.

The Association of International Certified Professional Accountants (AICPA) is a professional organization that represents the accounting profession globally. The AICPA is made up of two organizations: the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), which is based in the United Kingdom.

The AICPA is dedicated to promoting the public interest by fostering high ethical standards, advocating for public policy that promotes the profession, and providing education, certification, and continuing professional development opportunities for its members.

The AICPA provides a wide range of services and benefits to its members, including professional development and education, networking opportunities, research and publications, advocacy on behalf of the profession, and more. The AICPA also offers a range of certification and credentialing programs, including the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) credential, which is recognized as the gold standard in accounting and finance.

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Identity and ethnicity can be created and reinforced through various ways and places, including sports, popular stories and myths, and school.

Sports bring people together and create a sense of community, and individuals can identify with their team or athlete based on shared values and beliefs. Popular stories and myths often reflect cultural traditions and histories, reinforcing ethnic identities and shaping perceptions of one's own group and others.

In schools, children learn about their own cultural background and that of others, and interact with diverse groups of people, which can help shape their identity and understanding of ethnicity. Overall, these places and ways play a crucial role in the development and reinforcement of identity and ethnicity, which in turn influence our attitudes, behaviors, and relationships with others.

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Danielle is eager to earn an A average in her college courses this semester because her parents have promised her a trip to Florida if she achieves this. The trip is an example of external forces in Danielle's motivation.

What is motivation?

Motivation is the driving force that leads you to engage in actions to accomplish a goal. It can be driven by internal or external forces. Internal forces come from within oneself while external forces come from the environment or other individuals. Danielle is motivated to earn an A average in her college courses this semester because her parents have promised her a trip to Florida if she achieves this.

This is an example of external forces in Danielle's motivation because the motivation comes from an external source, which is the promise of a trip to Florida if she achieves the desired results. Therefore, the correct answer is option b, external.

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Answer: Applying his knowledge of context-dependent memory, David will be most ... David's roommate, Ryan, asks David for advice on how to study for his final exams

Explanation:

Based on David's knowledge of context-dependent memory, he would be most likely to recommend that Ryan study quietly in the classroom where he is going to take his exam.

Context-dependent memory suggests that the context or environment in which we learn information is closely linked to our ability to recall that information. When we study in an environment that closely resembles the exam environment, it can enhance our memory retrieval during the actual exam.

By studying quietly in the classroom where he will be taking his exam, Ryan can create a similar context to the actual test environment. This may help him recall the information more effectively during the exam because the cues and context will be familiar and associated with his study sessions.

Additionally, studying in a quiet environment can reduce distractions and allow for better focus and concentration, enhancing the effectiveness of the study session.

Therefore, based on context-dependent memory principles, David would likely suggest that Ryan study quietly in the classroom in which he is going to take his exam to optimize his memory retrieval and exam performance.

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The U.S. Figure Skating Championships took place in 2023 at the SAP Center in San Jose, California.

Isabeau Levito, who won the women's singles competition at age 15, defeated two-time champion Bradie Tennell by almost 10 points to win the title. Ilia Malinin, a fellow adolescent and winner of his maiden American gold, defeated Jason Brown, a previous champion, by a margin of 10 points. Madison Chock and Evan Bates, two seasoned ice dancers, successfully defended their championship for a total of four national victories, placing them on the podium for the 11th time in 12 outings. San Jose has a rich history of hosting high-profile skating competitions, including the 2012 and 2018 US Figure Skating Championships. These events showcase some of the best skaters in the world, from up-and-coming juniors to seasoned veterans competing for national titles.

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Fifty years ago, it was not widely accepted that a woman could hold a senior management position. Of course, today this is a common reality. This demonstrates how societal norms and gender norms can change over time.

A senior management position is a job designation given to an individual who holds a high position in an organization. This individual has substantial control and authority over the work of other employees within the company, as well as over the direction of the business.

Fifty years ago, women's participation in the workforce was limited to a few roles, with senior management positions being a rarity. Women's access to education was also limited during this time, which further impeded their ability to break into high-ranking positions.

As a result of societal and cultural changes, women have gained increased access to education and employment opportunities, making it possible for them to break into the previously male-dominated field of senior management positions.

The changes in societal norms and gender roles have made it more acceptable and common for women to hold such positions.

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The following best explains this phenomenon: sensory-specific satisfaction. Sensory-specific satisfaction is a phenomenon that describes how consuming one food product decreases your desire for another food product with a similar taste or texture.

In Anderson's situation, he consumed one chocolate donut and got sensory-specific satisfaction. After eating a particular food, the brain's reward system is stimulated, indicating that you have consumed enough of that food. So, he no longer desired a chocolate donut even though he had wanted it all day. This satisfaction doesn't apply to other foods, so you may still crave other types of food even after consuming a meal that satisfies you. The other options are not the best explanation for Anderson's situation because he didn't have learned preferences for chocolate donuts. It does not explain Anderson's situation because he purchased four donuts. Hence, the answer is sensory-specific satisfaction.

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In the United States, one of the first sports to push for a governing body system and structure was baseball. The National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) was formed in 1857 and it was the first organized sporting league in the United States.

One of the first sports to push for a governing body system and structure in the United States was baseball. The sport is regulated by a governing body 'The National Association of Base Ball Players' which establishes and enforces rules and regulations, ensuring fair play and safety for both horses and riders. Baseball is a sport that has always had a strong influence on the development of sports governance systems, and it has played a significant role in the evolution of sports governance in the United States.

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It is TRUE that Intentional violence is often not reported to the police.

The term "intentional violence" describes acts of physical, sexual, or emotional harm that are carried out with the specific purpose of injuring or causing harm to another person. Assault, battery, sexual assault, domestic violence, hate crimes, and other violent crimes committed with the intent to injure are examples of this type of behavior.

Many acts of intentional violence, including domestic abuse, sexual assault, and hate crimes, go unreported to the authorities. Several factors contribute to this, such as apprehension about reprisals, mistrust of the police, feelings of shame or embarrassment, and worries about one's privacy or the legal system. Research have revealed that a sizable portion of these kinds of crimes get unreported to the police, which can make it challenging to precisely track and address them.

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Congress has primarily assigned federal court jurisdictions on the basis of geography. The correct option is c.

This means that Congress has established specific geographic boundaries for each federal judicial district, and each district court has jurisdiction over the cases arising within its boundaries.

There are 94 federal judicial districts in the United States, each with at least one district court. Congress has also established 13 U.S. Courts of Appeals, each with jurisdiction over a specific geographic region of the country. Therefore, the correct option is c.

While there are some instances where Congress has assigned federal court jurisdiction based on function, such as the creation of specialized courts like the U.S. Tax Court or the U.S. Court of International Trade, and type of law involved in the case, such as the Bankruptcy Court or the Patent Court, these are exceptions to the general rule of geographic jurisdiction.

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Young infants cannot appreciate the carnival game in which a pea seems to disappear from under a walnut because they have not yet developed a sense of object permanence.

Object permanence may be defined as a situation that involves a complete understanding of items and people still exist even when you can't see or hear them.

This sense of object permanence is not developed in young infants. It only developed after a specific age.

Therefore, the correct answer to this question is object permanence.

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True. Studies have shown that dating relationships tend to be more stable and committed in early adolescence, whereas in late adolescence, relationships tend to become more casual and short-lived.

Dating relationships tend to be more stable and committed in early adolescence, whereas in late adolescence, relationships tend to become casual and short-lived. True

In early adolescence, dating relationships tend to be more stable and committed, while in late adolescence, relationships tend to become casual and short-lived. The answer is True.

In early adolescence, dating relationships tend to be more stable and committed, whereas, in late adolescence, relationships tend to become casual and short-lived.

Early adolescents see love as a romantic notion that they hope to experience themselves, but they also view it as an idealized condition that is far removed from their daily lives.

Later on, they become more practical, and as a result, relationships become more casual and short-lived.

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Answer: Socialization

Explanation: This pattern of behavior is known as socialization, the common process in which we learn and adopt a culture or cultural aspects of daily life.

Absorption costing is the method where all direct labor and manufacturing overheads are treated as fixed costs.  Option A is the correct answer.

Absorption costing is a management accounting technique that includes all manufacturing expenses as cost of the product. This includes direct materials, direct labor, variable overheads, and fixed overheads. It is also known as full costing or overhead costing. It is known as full costing because it includes all the costs that are related to the production of the product.

Absorption costing should be used for pricing decisions when fixed costs are high, the unit of production is high, and there are few or no units sold during the year because it is an ideal approach for the long term. Because the expenses are shared among a large number of units, this reduces the per-unit cost of the item. Thus, option A is the correct answer.

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Extended warranty contracts can be long and complex, each offering different types of protection.

An extended warranty is also known as a service contract. It is a prolonged warranty that a manufacturer offers to customers beyond the manufacturer's warranty.

These contracts may have additional coverage or service beyond that provided by the manufacturer's warranty. A customer can purchase an extended warranty or a service contract from the manufacturer or an independent firm.

An extended warranty can provide the purchaser with peace of mind that, should something go wrong, they will be protected from unexpected costs.

Extended warranties usually come with conditions that must be met before they can be used, and coverage usually begins after the original warranty has expired.

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Faith can accurately conclude from this interaction that gender roles vary across different societies or cultures. Gender roles have significant implications for individuals and societies.

Gender roles refer to a set of social and behavioral expectations associated with being male or female. Gender roles vary across cultures and societies, and these expectations have evolved over time. Gender roles can be broadly classified into traditional and modern gender roles.

These gender roles influence the opportunities and choices that individuals have access to, as well as the social and economic status that they can achieve. The presence of rigid gender roles can also lead to the exclusion and discrimination of certain groups within society.

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Griots played and important role to African society, as  they are born into their highly respected position.

Also they are storytellers, they are poets, historians, genealogists, and musicians.

They are not just storytellers, but also poets, historians, genealogists, and musicians. Griots more use the kora, a stringed instrument akin to a harp, or the balafon to provide music for their songs and storytelling (a kind of xylophone).

Numerous griots still exist today and are found among the Mande peoples (Mandinka or Malinké, Bambara, Soninke, etc.), Fule (Fula), Hausa, Songhai, Tukulóor, Wolof, Serer, Mossi, Dagomba, Mauritanian Arabs, and many other little groups throughout West Africa.

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The possible reason for the shift from caste systems to class systems is the growth of industrial production. A shift from caste systems to class systems allows for more economic and social mobility.

Caste systems that are in place today may be undergoing a shift to class systems because more people are moving between classes, which makes it easier to move up the social ladder. Ample opportunities are created due to industrial production which fosters the growth of the class system and the rise of standards. There are more opportunities for people to gain wealth, education, and prestige than there were in the past. Therefore, it is possible that caste systems may become less prevalent over time as more people are able to move up the social ladder.

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Answer:

this statement is false; the U.S. Economy would gain from the elimination of tariffs and quotas even if other countries do not reduce their tariffs and quotas.

Explanation:

some politicians argue that eliminating US tariffs and quotas would help the US economy only if other countries eliminated their tariffs and quotas in exchange. It is easier to gain political support for reducing or eliminating tariffs and quotas if it is done as part of an agreement with other countries that involve their eliminating some of their tariffs are quotas. But as example of the sugar quota shows, the US economy would gain from the elimination of tariffs and quotas even if other countries do not reduce their tariffs and quotas.

Some politicians argue that eliminating U.S. tariffs and quotas would help the U.S. economy only if other countries eliminated their tariffs and quotas in exchange. Tariffs are taxes levied on imported goods or services, which is a form of protectionism that protects domestic companies by increasing the price of foreign goods.

Most economists agree that eliminating tariffs and quotas would be beneficial for the U.S. economy in the long run, as it would increase competition and allow consumers to benefit from lower prices. However, some politicians argue that eliminating U.S. tariffs and quotas would help the U.S. economy only if other countries eliminated their tariffs and quotas in exchange. This is because if the U.S. eliminated tariffs and quotas unilaterally, it would create an uneven playing field, where foreign countries could still impose tariffs and quotas on U.S. goods and services. This could hurt U.S. industries that rely on exports, as they would face higher prices and lower demand for their products. Therefore, some politicians argue that any changes to U.S. trade policy should be made in a coordinated effort with other countries, to ensure that there is a level playing field for all parties involved.

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Answer: Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)

Explanation: Created under the Federal Emergency Relief Act to award grants to states for works programs to hire the unemployed and provide direct relief payments to the indigent. Created by Executive Order to fund state and local public works projects.

"Ethical egoism says to select the act that improves your own well-being" is a TRUE statement.

Ethical egoism is a normative theory that argues for acting in one's self-interest. According to ethical egoism, one should behave in a way that benefits oneself, and this is regarded as morally correct. Ethical egoism may be split into two types: personal ethical egoism and universal ethical egoism.

Personal ethical egoism refers to the belief that each person should act in their self-interest, while universal ethical egoism asserts that everyone should behave in a manner that benefits humanity as a whole, but still in their own self-interest. Ethical egoism holds that people should act in a way that maximizes their own happiness and welfare. It is a normative theory that advocates that people should act in their own best interests rather than anyone else's and that this is the morally right way to act.

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FICO stands for Fair Isaac Corporation, and its primary use is to calculate credit scores. It is used by lenders and credit card companies to assess the creditworthiness of individuals.

The Fair Isaac Corporation, commonly known as FICO, is a data analytics company that creates predictive algorithms based on consumer credit data. It provides a credit scoring system, which is widely used in the United States to determine a borrower's creditworthiness. This score is based on several factors, including payment history, credit utilization, length of credit history, types of credit used, and recent credit inquiries. The FICO score ranges from 300 to 850, with higher scores indicating better creditworthiness.

The score is used by lenders and credit card companies to determine the interest rate and credit limit they will offer to a borrower. Individuals with higher scores are considered less risky and may qualify for better terms on loans and credit cards.FICO scores are also used by insurance companies and landlords to assess the risk of a potential policyholder or tenant. It is important to maintain a good credit score, as it can impact many aspects of an individual's financial life.

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The layout of access roads, parking areas, buildings on the property, building entrances, the locations of emergency equipment, and controls for the utility and protection systems of the building should be shown on the plans.

It is necessary to address threats or hazard that are categorized as probable, as well as those that have the potential to harm someone, damage property, disrupt a business, or have an effect on the environment. Potential hazards, vulnerabilities, and impacts ought to be evaluated when developing an all-hazards preparedness plan. Planning for hazard mitigation reduces the impact of disasters, resulting in fewer deaths and fewer damaged assets. It starts with the state, tribal, and local governments determining the vulnerabilities and risks associated with natural disasters that are prevalent in their region.

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