8. Which statement is best supported by the data shown?
A) An iron nail contains fluorite.
B) A streak plate is composed of quartz.
C) Topaz is harder than a steel file.
D) Apatite is softer than a copper penny.

The generic structure of a soap is a long-chain fatty acid salt, typically consisting of a carboxylate group (-COO-) and a long hydrocarbon tail.

Soaps are typically made by the process of saponification, which is the reaction of a fat or oil (such as vegetable oil or animal fat) with a strong base (such as lye or NaOH) to produce glycerol and the salt of a long-chain fatty acid. The saponification reaction can be represented by the following equation:

Fat or oil + NaOH → Glycerol + Soap (salt of a long-chain fatty acid). If anhydrous methanol is used, water is not added directly to the system. However, methanol is a good solvent for water, so if the reaction mixture contains traces of water, it could dissolve in the methanol and be present in the system.

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Answer:

At anode: 4OH−→2H2​O+O2​+4e−

At cathode: 4H++4e−→2H2​

Explanation:In aqueous NaOH solution, on electrolysis, we have the reduction potential of  H+ is much more than Na+, so the reaction takes place (above)§

The equilibrium constant kc for the reaction X2(g) + 2Y(g) <=> 2XY(g) is 4 assuming the volume is 2L.

Given the reaction is X2(g) + 2Y(g) <=> 2XY(g)

By doubling the reactants we get 2X2(g) + 4Y(g) <=> 4XY(g)

Consider the mole ratio of the following reactants and products by taking one mole of each molecule initially.

Let the concentration of X2 = 2/2 = 1

The concentration of Y = 2/2 = 1

The concentration of XY = 4/2 = 2

We know that the equilibrium constant that describes this equilibrium is equal to Kc.

Kc = [AB]^2/[A].[B] = (2)^2/1 x x = 4

Hence the  equilibrium constant Kc = 4

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complete question: The diagram represents the equilibrium state for the reaction X2(g) + 2 Y(g) == 2 XY(g) Assuming the volume of the cylinder is 2 L, calculate the equilbrium constant; Kc , for this reaction. Assume that each molecule represents one mole Kc How will the number of XY molecules change if the volume of the equilibrium mixture is increased?

The Lewis structure for GeBr4 is shown below. It has a total of 32 valence electrons, with 6 in the lone pairs and 26 in the bonds. The structure is a tetrahedral geometry, with the central Ge atom bonded to four Br atoms.

The Lewis structure, also known as the electron-dot structure, is a type of diagram used to represent the valence electrons of an atom. It shows the number of electrons surrounding an atom, as well as how they are arranged around the nucleus. The Lewis structure is used to predict the geometry of a molecule, the reactivity of the molecule, and the types of bonds that the molecule can form. It is also used to determine the formal charge of each atom in a molecule.

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If there is change in size of the substance it shows physical change. For example, when we stretch the metal into a wire the size changes. If a substance combine with another to form a new substance is said to be chemical change.

A substance is said to be undergo physical changes if there is a change in the size or form of matter. This changes include transitions from one state to another such as from solid to liquid or liquid to gas. Cutting, bending, dissolving, freezing, boiling, and melting are some of the processes that create physical changes. If we heat the metal untill it melts a physical change occurs. If we stretch a metal into a wire is a physical change.

A substance is said to be undergo a chemical changes when it combines with another to form a new substance. This process is also called as chemical decomposition into two or more different substances. These are called chemical reactions. These are not reversible except by further chemical reactions. Attempt to react the metal with oxygen shows a chemical change. Attempt to react the metal with acid shows the chemical change.

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The physical and chemical changes are:

heat the metal until it melts (physical change) : The melt will melt.

attempt to react the metal with oxygen (chemical change) : Metal oxide will form.

stretch the metal into a wire (physical change) : Ductility

attempt to react the metal with acid (chemical change) : Acid will dissolve the metal.

Any solid that dissolves when heated behaves similarly. It melts, undergoing a physical transformation. When the mobility of the molecules in a solid accelerates to a point where it outweighs the attraction between the molecules, melting takes place.

Metal oxide is created when a metal combines with oxygen. This reaction's general equation is metal + oxygen = metal oxide. When iron is exposed to air, rust, a type of iron oxide, slowly forms.

Ductility is the quality of metals that allows them to be hammered thin or stretched into wire without breaking. It is a physical attribute of a metal that allows for the creation of thin wire.

The metal dissolves as a result of loosening the bonds binding the metal's atoms together. Acids' capacity to dissolve metals is a chemical attribute because that is a chemical change.

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The gas with the largest root-mean-square molecular speed at 25∘ C is  : b) He.

The root mean square (R.M.S) speed V of the molecules of an ideal gas is given by the expression as , v=sqrt(3RTM) and v=sqrt(3KTm) where R is the universal gas constant, T is absolute (Kelvin) temperature, m is molar mass, K is Boltzmann's constant and M is molecular mass.

The root-mean square (RMS) velocity is the value of square root of the sum of squares of the stacking velocity values divided by number of values. RMS velocity is that of a wave through sub-surface layers of different interval velocities along specific ray path.

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14 hydrogen bonds will be found within an alpha helix that is 18 amino acids long option - A is correct answer.

Hydrogen bonds between the peptide bonds keep the -helix in place. Four amino acid residues ahead of each peptide bond C-O is a peptide bond N-H that is hydrogen bonded. The main chain's hydrogen bonds each C-O and N-H together.

Two hydrogen bonds involve each peptide link in an alpha helix. Four units ahead in the primary structure, the N-H of the peptide link and the C=O are hydrogen bonded.

As a result, the first amino acid's C=O and the fifth amino acid's N-H form a hydrogen bond.

The second amino acid's C=O forms a hydrogen bond with the sixth amino acid's N-H.

The third amino acid's C=O forms a hydrogen bond with the seventh amino acid's N-H.

The 14th amino acid's C=O forms a hydrogen bond with the 18th amino acid's N-H.

So there are 14 hydrogen bonds in total.

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Without the information about the compound, it is not possible to rank the carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift.

In an NMR spectrum, the chemical shift (δ) of a carbon atom is a measure of the electron density around that carbon atom. The chemical shift is typically measured in parts per million (ppm) and is dependent on the chemical environment of the carbon atom.

In order to rank the indicated carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift, it is important to know the chemical structure of the compound and the chemical environment of each carbon atom. Without the information about the compound, it is not possible to rank the carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Alcohols can be oxidised by a variety of oxidising agents. Sodium or potassium dichromate acidified with dilute sulphuric acid can bring about oxidation in straight chained alcohols.

Answer:

2-methylbutan-1-ol is oxidised by potassium dichromate: 2-methylbutan-1-ol + [O] ==> 2-methylbutan-1-al + water CH3CH2CH(CH3) CH2OH + [O] ==> CH3CH2CH(CH3) CHO + H2O

Explanation:

The possible values azimuthal quantum number l for n = 4 are 0 to (n-1), that is from 0 to 4.

Quantum numbers are numbers describing the position and energy of electrons in different orbitals of an atom. An electron have a set of four quantum numbers.

The four quantum numbers are principal quantum number, azimuthal quantum number, magnetic quantum number and spin quantum number. No two electrons will have a equal set of these numbers.

The principal quantum number n is indicating the main energy level. Azimuthal quantum number l can have values from 0 to n-1. Hence, for n =4, l have values from 0 to 3. Thus option 1 is correct.

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Grams of LiF that would be present in 575 mL of 0.750 M LiF solution is : a.)11.2.

In chemistry, molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between mass and the amount of substance of any sample of said compound. The molar mass is bulk and not a molecular property of a substance.

Given , V= 575 mL  and M= 0.750 M

As we know, No. Moles (mol) = Molarity (M) x Volume (L)

= 0.750 x 0.575

=  0.431 mol.

For LiF,  molar mass is 25.939 g/mol.  

As, Mass (g) = No. Moles (mol) x Molar Mass (g/mol)

=  0.431 x 25.939

= 11.2 g

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The material that is located inside the container is a mixture consisting of two compounds. That is option B.

A compound is defined as a chemical substance that is composed of identical molecules consisting of atoms of two or more chemical elements and which are chemically combined together.

In the above mixture there are two different compounds that are chemically combined together through Chemical bonds. That is compounds of blue and red colour.

Therefore the mixture represented above is a mixture consisting of two compounds.

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Answer:

Its D

Explanation:

A mixture consisting of two elements

In the following reaction, Ni2+ is acting as a lewis acid.

A Lewis acid is a chemical species with an empty orbital that may accept an electron pair from a Lewis base to produce a Lewis adduct. A Lewis acid is thus any chemical that can receive a pair of nonbonding electrons, such as the H+ ion. In other words, a Lewis acid is an electron-pair acceptor. A Lewis base is any chemical that may give a pair of nonbonding electrons, such as the OH- ion. Accepting electrons is possible for an atom, ion, or molecule with an incomplete octet of electrons. Boron trifluoride (BF3) and aluminum fluoride are two examples (AlF3).

Here,

Ni2+ acts as a Lewis acid in the following process.

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The formation of molecule can easily be shown by drawing Lewis dot structure. Therefore, in the below given ways we can draw the Lewis dot structure.

Lewis dot structure is a way to represent the valence electron of an element in the form of dot. These are mainly beneficial in understanding the chemical formula of covalent compound.

Steps to draw Lewis dot structure of CO[tex]_2[/tex]:

The entire quantity of valence electrons should be known. Total number of electrons= 16

Draw single bonds from the core atom to other atoms while placing the lowest electronegative element in the middle.

Identify the number of additional electrons the core element needs.

Increase the core atom's double or triple bonds until it possesses a complete octet.

until the outer elements have complete octets, add electrons to them.

O=C=O

Therefore, in the above given ways we can draw the Lewis dot structure.

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The displacement of the race car from the starting point is zero.

We would need to be able to decipher the difference between the distance and the displacement because the understanding of this would help in the solution of the question.

We would have to know the the displacement is a vector while the distnace is a scalar as such, we would have to know the direction of the disolacement. If the car is moving round in a loop then it goes back to the starting point and the displacement is zero.

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Missing parts;

A race car drives one lap around a race track that is 500 meters in length. What is the displacement

The particle beam's mass to charge ratio. JJ Thomson determined how the magnetic and electric fields affected the beam's deflection. argued that the mass of the particles and their electric charge would determine how much the beam would deflect.

More mass per particle results in more inertia and less deflection. Greater force and deflection result from higher particle charge. More speed results in less deflection. When charged matter is exposed to an electromagnetic field, its electric charge a property of matter causes it to feel a force. An electric charge can be either positive or negative (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively). Like and unlike charges are attracted to one another while being repelled by the other. Neutral describes a thing without any net charge. Classical electrodynamics, a term coined to describe early understanding of the interactions of charged particles, is still applicable to issues that do not demand for taking quantum effects into account. Electric charge is a conserved property, which means that the total positive and negative charges in an isolated system, or its net charge, cannot change. Particles at the subatomic level carry an electric charge. In regular matter, the protons in atoms' nuclei carry positive charge whereas the electrons carry negative charge. A substance will have a negative charge if there are more electrons than protons in it; a positive charge will be present if there are fewer electrons; and a neutral charge will be present if there are an equal number of electrons and protons.

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Modification the cadaverine and octopamine molecules are attached below.

Cadaverine protects cells under anaerobic conditions from starvation for inorganic phosphate, Pi, and is crucial for cell survival at acidic pH levels. It controls a number of processes in plants, including plant development and growth, cell signaling, stress response, and insect defense.

In insect nervous systems, octopamine serves as a neuromodulator, neurotransmitter, and neurohormone and causes the entire organism to "take dynamic action."

A substance that is organic and closely related to noradrenaline is octopamine. Invertebrates use octopamine as both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. Tyrosine is converted to tyramine by tyrosine decarboxylase as the first step in the synthesis of octopamine.

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This complex's ligands, ammonia and chloride, are known as diamine silver (I) chloride.

An ion or molecule that gives a pair of electrons to the main metal atom or ion to create a coordination complex is known as a ligand. The Latin origin of the word ligand is "knot or bind," as in a binding. A ligand could be a neutral chemical, an ion, or a cation.

In a coordination complex, the atoms or molecules known as ligands attach to the central metal atom. Three categories of ligands—simple, complex, and coordinative unsaturation—can be used to categorize them.

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In the experiment illustrated, we envision that a beam of hydrogen atoms splits into two beams:

Diamagnetism is a quantum mechanical effect that occurs in all materials. A material is said to be diamagnetic if it is the only contribution to magnetism. In paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials, the weak diamagnetic force is overcome by the attractive force of the magnetic dipoles within the material .

(a) Hydrogen may split into two beams with magnetic spin quantum numbers of +1/2 and -1/2. So suppose a jet of hydrogen splits into two jets as it passes through the magnetic field. The significance of the observation is therefore the experimental evidence for orbital angular momentum.

(b) Already has two magnetic spin quantum numbers, so there is no change in the splitting of the ray as the magnetic field increases, but it only appears earlier as the magnetic field increases.

(c) Helium has an electron configuration of 1s² and an atomic number of 2. Because these electrons are paired, these paired electrons have no effect under a magnetic field, known as the diamagnetic effect.

(d) If we carry out experiments with silver with the electron configuration [Kr]4d¹⁰5s¹ and atomic number 47, there is one electron in the 5s orbital, splitting it into two possible magnetic spin quantum numbers, and the paramagnetic effect Indicates +1/2 and -1/2 or less of the magnetic field.

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The Gibbs free energy (ΔGrxn) when PNO₂ is0.109 atm and PNO is 9.2 atm at 25°C is 31.4KJ option - c is correct answer.

By adding the energies from the reaction's right and left sides, respectively, and deducting them, we can determine the Gibbs Free energy (Grxn) of any reaction. The calculation shows that the reaction moves to the right if Grxn > 0. The reaction moves to the left if the Grxn is greater than 0.

we have to use the equation

ΔG(rxn)=ΔG°(rxn)+RTlnQ  ------1

where

ΔG°(rxn) of the reaction given  9.4 kJ

R = gas constant 0.008314 kJ/mol K

T =  273 + 25  = 298 K

furst you have to find the Q value

Q = [NO] / [NO₂]₂

Q = [9.2] / [0.109]3

Q = 9.2 / 0.01188  = 7104.088

substitute the values in equation 1

ΔG(rxn)= 9.4 kJ + (0.008314 kJ/mol K)(298K) ln(7104.088)

ΔG(rxn)= 9.4  + 21.97

ΔG(rxn)= 31.37 kJ

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Answer:

Explanation:

In stoichiometric combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel, the fuel is reacted with the exact amount of oxygen required to oxidize all carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur in the fuel to CO2, H2O, and SO2.

Answer:

carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur.

It is possible for an electron to be free or linked to an atom. An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle (not bound).

Unattached or attached to an atom, an electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle (not bound). One of the three main types of particles inside an atom, along with protons and neutrons, is an electron that is linked to the atom.

The tiniest and least massive component of an atom is an electron, which has a negative charge. In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons is equal. For instance, the hydrogen atom only contains one proton and one electron. While the uranium atom has 92 protons and, thus, 92 electrons.

The exterior of the nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged electrons in orbit.

Therefore, the correct answer is option d) 2p.

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The longest isotope of tin is 126Sn, and it is also the most stable of the listed isotopes. All other isotopes contain 50 protons, making them unstable.

An electron cloud surrounds the nucleus, which contains four protons and five neutrons. Every atom has a nucleus in its center, as Ernest Rutherford discovered in 1911. Protons with positive electric charges and neutrons with no electric charges make up atomic nuclei.

Each atom has a single nucleus. In the middle of an atom is its nucleus. The atom's nucleus, which is tiny, dense, and positively charged, is essentially empty space.

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Answer:

a green stick insect

Explanation:

it can meddle into the green trees when it sees is hunter it hides

hope this was helpful

Beryllium having valency 2 reacts with a certain element to form a compound with the general formula BeX. Hence, KX is the most likely formula for the compound formed between potassium and element X.

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According to molar concentration, 0.479 g of beryllium chloride must be added to 0 .2 L of water to make a 0.030 M solution.

Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.

Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.

Substituting values in above formula,mass=0.030×79.91×0.2=0.479 g.

Thus, the mass of  beryllium chloride  that must be added to 0.2 L of water to make a 0.030 M solution is 0.479 g.

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The compounds that follow will show a noticeable peak at (M-127) are CH3CH2CH2I

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In paragraphs 11-16 of "Miss Brill," Mansfield includes the scene in which a young couple joins Miss Brill on her special bench and the significance of this scene includes the following:

In this scene, we can see Miss Brill having a good time in the park but coming to realize soon enough that the couple who she admired and planned to listen to did not think kindly of her. This made the woman sad even as she walked down to her home.

Her sense of importance was dealt a blow in this case. In this story also, Miss Brill applied her ability to envision a joyful scene.

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"The movement of the ribosome one codon toward the 3′ end of the mRNA" does NOT specifically require the hydrolysis of GTP.

Any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds is referred to as hydrolysis. The word refers to substitution, elimination, and solvation processes in which water serves as the nucleophile. A chemical process in which water is utilized to break down a substance; this is accomplished by introducing a water molecule across a covalent link in the component. A hydrolysis reaction is the dissolution of a salt of a weak acid or base in water. Strong acids can be hydrolyzed as well. For example, dissolving sulfuric acid in water yields hydronium and bisulfate.

Here,

"The migration of the ribosome one codon nearer the 3′ end of the mRNA" does NOT necessitate GTP hydrolysis.

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