A dairy is mainly involved in the operations of bottling of milk, making ice-cream and limited production of cheese. Calculate the BOD produced per 1000kg of milk processed and its population equivalent from the following data;
Quantity of milk processed daily=150000kg Waste water produced daily =240m3 BOO of waste water =1400mg/I Population equivalent per capita per day of 5-days BOD at 20C°=75g

The nonmetals in the Groups 16 and 17 gain electrons making them an anion.

The nonmetals of group 16 are made up of Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium whereas group 17, also called the halogen group is made up of Fluorine, Chlorine, etc.

The further right we go in the periodic table, the atomic size decreases. Due to the increase in the number of protons, the electrons are more tightly bound and the atom shows strong attraction to electrons.  

The gain of additional electrons helps in the completion of octets for the atoms further making their configuration stable, and more alike to that of the noble gases.

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Answer:

develops,blossoms are synonyms

The number of oxygen atoms present in 2.0L of oxygen gas at same temperature and pressure is 5.1 × 10²² atoms.

The number of atoms of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles in the substance by Avogadro's number (6.02 × 10²³).

no of atoms = no of moles × 6.02 × 10²³

According to this question, the density of oxygen gas at a certain temperature and pressure is 1.345 g cm-³. If 2.0 L of oxygen gas is given, the mass of the oxygen gas can be calculated as follows:

mass = 1.345 × 2 = 2.69grams

moles = 2.69g ÷ 32g/mol = 0.084moles

No of atoms = 0.084 mol × 6.02 × 10²³

no of atoms = 5.1 × 10²² atoms

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Considering the definition of molality, the molality of the KCl in the solution is 6.56 moles/kg.

Molality, or molal concentration, is the amount of a substance dissolved in a given mass of solvent. It is defined as the moles of a solute per kilogram of solvent.

The Molality of a solution is determined by the expression:

molality= number of moles of solute÷ kilograms of solvent

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of molality:

Molality= 1.41 moles÷ 0.215 kg

Molality= 6.56 moles/kg

The molality of the solution is 6.56 moles/kg.

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The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are :

K₂O: K = + 1; O = -2;

PO₃⁻³: P = +3; O = -2

NH₃: N = -3; H = +1

Cu(NO₃)₂: Cu = +2; N = +5; O = -2

NO₃⁻¹: N = +5;  O = -2

CO₂: C = +4; O = -2

KClO₃: K = +1; Cl = + 5; O = -2

O₂: O = 0

Ca(ClO₄)₂: Ca = +2; Cl = +7; O = -2

The number of electrons an atom or ion has either gained or lost in comparison to the neutral atom is known as the oxidation number or state of the atom or ion.

Group I, 2, and 3 electropositive metal atoms lose a certain number of electrons, and their positive oxidation numbers remain constant.

The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are as follows:

K₂0

K = + 1

O = -2

Sum is (+1 * 2) + (-2) = 0

PO₃⁻³

P = + 3

O = -2

Sum is (+3) + (-2 * 3) = -3

NH₃

N = -3

H = +1

Sum is (-3) + (+1 * 3) = 0

Cu(NO₃)₂

Cu = +2

N = +5

O = -2

Sum is (+2) + (+5 * 2) + (-2 * 6) = 0

NO₃⁻¹

N = +5

O = -2

Sum is (+5) + (-2 * 3) = -1

CO₂

C = +4

O = -2

Sum is (+4) + (-2 * 2) = 0

KClO₃

K = +1

Cl = + 5

O = -2

Sum is (+1) + (5) + (-2 * 3) = 0

O₂

O = 0

Sum is (0 * 2) = 0

Ca(ClO₄)₂

Ca = +2

Cl = +7

O = -2

Sum is (+2) + (+7 * 2) + (-2 * 8) = 0

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Based on the given half-life, the amount of time it takes for 3/4 of a radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to decay is 33 hours.

The time needed for a quantity to decrease to half of its initial value is known as the half-life. In nuclear physics, the phrase is frequently used to indicate how rapidly unstable atoms decay radioactively or how long stable atoms last.

Any substance that contains unstable atoms that release ionizing radiation during their natural decay is considered radioactive material.

Given the half-life of the radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to be 16.5 hours. The amount of time it takes for 3/4 of a radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to decay is calculated as follows:

After one half-life, half of the sample remains, and half decays

After two half-lives, 1/4 of the sample remains, and 3/4 decays

The time for two half-lives = 16.5 hours * 2

The time for two half-lives = 33 hours.

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The pressure of a container with a volume of 8.95 L holds 0.155 mol of N₂ at 23°C is  42.64 atm.

Ideal gas law is also called as perfect gas law. It is represent by the equation PV = nRT, where, 'P' is the pressure, 'V' is the volume in liters, 'n' is the number of particles in moles, 'T' is the temperature in Kelvin and 'R' is the ideal gas constant.

By ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

Where,

P = Pressure

V = Volume

n = Number of moles

R = gas constant

T = Temperature

First convert temperature into kelvin

23°C + 273 = 296.15K

By putting given value in ideal gas equation we can solve this problem

P × 8.95 = 0.155 × 8.314 × 296.15 ÷ 8.95

= 381.64 ÷ 8.95

= 42.64 atm

Thus, The pressure of a container with a volume of 8.95 L holds 0.155 mol of N₂ at 23°C is  42.64 atm.

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1. The reaction: 2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) ΔG = -2,453.1 KJ is spontaneous

2. The reaction: 3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g) ΔG = -33.3 KJ is spontaneous

3. The reaction: CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) + 2O₂(g) ΔG = 800.7 KJ is nonspontaneous

The Gibbs free energy is a core factor in determining whether a reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous. Gibbs free energy is given by the following formula:

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS

Where

NOTE

With the above information, we can determine which of the reaction is spontaneous and also the one which is nonspontaneous as shown below:

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Answer:

Acyclic or Open-chain compounds. Cyclic or Closed-chain compounds.

Based on the information provided, I would recommend the Sunburst Variety of corn as the best choice for growing in the drought conditions of the desert environment.

Sunburst Variety of corn has been specifically developed to be drought-tolerant, meaning that it can survive and produce a good yield even with minimal rainfall.

Therefore, I would recommend the Sunburst variety of corn as the best choice for growing in the desert environment due to its drought-tolerance, deep root system, heat tolerance, high yield, and good quality grain.

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Answer:

1mole of gas at STP = 22.4dm3

0.0075 mole of CaCO3 = xdm3

cross multiply;

where 22.4dm3 = 22400cm3

x * 1 = 0.0075 * 22400 → 168cm3

the gas CO2 which evolved was gotten from CaCO3 so we use the number of moles of CaCO3 only

The temperature of both the reactants and the pace of reaction are correlated in the chemical reaction of baking soda and vinegar the warmth of the reactants causes a raise in the rate of action and vice versa.

When two or more compounds come into touch with one another and create a new substance, the process is known as a chemical reaction (s). Reactants or reagents are the name(s) for the substance(s) or substances that are initially incorporated into the chemical process.

A few synthesis processes can produce several products. One of the more significant chemical processes on Earth is photosynthesis. It enables some microorganisms and plants to transform carbon dioxide gas and water into storable glucose and oxygen. For life to exist on Earth, we need this oxygen.

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Answer:

The seventh branch of the municipal police station has implemented various initiatives to improve the relationship between the police and the community, including increased community engagement, increased police visibility, and increased collaboration between the police and local organizations. Despite these efforts, crime data has still increased over the past year, indicating that more needs to be done to reduce crime in the area.

Explanation:

The temperature at which a solid transforms into a liquid at atmospheric pressure is referred to as the liquid’s melting point.

The fact that water boils at a greater temperature than fluorine makes option C the correct choice. The melting point of water is zero degrees Celsius (32 degrees F). Depending on the atmospheric pressure, different amounts of water will boil at different temperatures. When purified water reaches its boiling point at sea level, it does so at 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius).

Compared to fluorine, water has a greater boiling point. Regarding the melting and boiling points of water and fluorine molecules, this statement is accurate.

The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium is known as its melting point. A temperature at which a substance's vapour pressure reaches its boiling point.

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Statement C; They are 0°F and 100°F, respectively, correctly describes the melting and boiling points of water. But Instead of F it should be degree Celsius.

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Limitations in making progress with Engineering Better Batteries is that electric vehicles are being prevented  to make progress in terms of size  and range , progress which is made is solid state batteries.

A solid-state battery is a battery technology that uses solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte, instead of the liquid or polymer gel electrolytes  which are found in lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries.

While solid electrolytes were first discovered in the 19th century, several drawbacks have prevented it's widespread application. Developments in the late 20th and early 21st century have caused renewed interest in solid-state battery technologies, especially in the context of electric vehicles, starting in the 2010s.

Solid-state batteries can provide potential solutions for many problems of liquid Li-ion batteries, such as flammability, limited voltage, unstable solid-electrolyte interphase formation, poor cycling performance and strength.

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A chemist morning commute is 40.2 kilometers. Given an average speed pf 60.5 mph, 0.66 minutes will it take him to arrive at work.

The overall distance the object covers in a given amount of time is its average speed. A scalar value represents the average speed. It has no direction and is indicated by the magnitude.

If you know how far something has travelled and how long it took to get there, you can calculate its average speed. Speed is calculated as follows: speed = distance * time.

Distance = speed × time

40.2 = 60.5 × time

time = 40.2 / 60.5

= 0.66 minutes

Thus, A chemist morning commute is 40.2 kilometers. Given an average speed pf 60.5 mph, 0.66 minutes will it take him to arrive at work.

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The mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] that would be in a 15.88 L sample at 378 K and 0.935 will be 106.51 grams.

The problem can be solved by first using the ideal gas equation to know the number of moles of the gas that is present.

PV = nRT

P = 0.935, V = 15.88 L, T = 378 K, R = 0.082

Making n the subject of the formula:

n = PV/RT

  = (0.935x15.88)/(0.082x378)

   = 0.48 moles of the gas

Recall that, mass = mole x molar mass

The molar mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] is 221.89 g/mol

Mass of 0.48 moles [tex]IF_5[/tex] = 0.48 x 221.89

                                       = 106.51 grams

In other words, the mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] that would be in a 15.88 L sample at 378 K and 0.935 is 106.51 grams.

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1.4 x 1023 molecules are present in 2.3 moles of oxygen.

We know that if we multiply the 2.3 moles of oxygen with Avogadro's number which is 6.023 x 1023 then this will give us the number of molecules which is present in the 2.3 moles of oxygen and which is 13.85 x 1023.

Mole is a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities like atoms, molecules, or other specific particles. The mole entitles an extremely large number of units about 6.02214076 × 1023.

So we can conclude that by multiplying Avogadro's number with the 2.3 moles of oxygen then it will give us 1.4 x 1023 molecules.

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Answer:0.226 gram

Explanation:you can get the answer in two steps calculate 3.40 . 10^22 atoms =

Answer:

4.2 × 10²² ÷ 6.022× 10²³

4.2 × 10²² equals 0.069 moles (approx)

weight of 1 mole of iron = 56g

therefore, 0.069 moles = 56 × 0.069 = 3.9 g

Sorry for lazy work.. :P

The first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit. Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹.

Rate of a reaction is the rate of decrease in concentration of the reactants or increase in concentration of the products. The rate is directly proportional to the concentration of reactants and the rate law is written as:

rate = k [reactants]

where, the proportionality constant k is called the rate constant.

The order of a reaction is the sum of powers of the molar concentration of reactants. Thus, each reaction vary in order and the order of reaction also depends on the steps in the reaction.

The general formula of the unit of rate constant is L⁽ⁿ⁻¹⁾ mol⁽¹⁻ⁿ⁾ s⁻¹. Hence,  first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit.

Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹. The fourth one is a second order reaction. Thus, unit of rate constant is L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹.

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My exploration in one specific element as well as the sharing of the historical context and modern day application will be focused in the element Carbon. The essay is written below

Carbon was discovered by the ancient Egyptians, and it gets its name from the Latin word "carbo," which means "charcoal."

Carbon is a nonmetal that is located in Group 14 of the periodic table. It has a unique ability to form a wide variety of chemical compounds, which is one of the reasons it is so important in modern chemistry. Carbon has four valence electrons, which allows it to form stable chemical bonds with other elements.

Carbon is a chemical element that is found in all living things. It is a key component of proteins, DNA, and other essential biomolecules. Carbon can exist in several different forms, including graphite, diamond, and various forms of carbon-based compounds called organic molecules.

Carbon has many important implications for society. It is used as a fuel to produce energy, and it is also a key ingredient in the production of steel and other metals. Carbon is also an essential component of many plastics and other synthetic materials. However, carbon can also have negative impacts on the environment, as the burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.

Carbon has many practical applications, including its use as a fuel, a structural material, and a chemical feedstock. However, carbon can also be hazardous in certain situations. For example, inhaling carbon monoxide can be deadly, and carbon dust can be explosive. Carbon is commonly encountered in many different forms, including coal, oil, and natural gas.

Personally, I think that carbon is a very interesting element with a wide range of important applications. It is fascinating to consider the role that carbon plays in the biology of living organisms, as well as its practical uses in industry and technology.

Some questions for my classmates might include: What are some other interesting properties of carbon that you have learned about? Can you think of any examples of how carbon is used in your everyday life? Do you think that the benefits of carbon outweigh the potential drawbacks?

One peer-reviewed resource that I found informative is "The Many Forms of Carbon," an article published in the journal Chemical & Engineering News. (Citation: "The Many Forms of Carbon." Chemical & Engineering News, vol. 95, no. 39, 2017, pp. 38-54.)

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Answer:

0.355 moldm^-3

Explanation:

Answer: this looks hard

Explanation:

Answer:

1 Na2S  + 2 HCl  ===>   2 NaCl  + 1 H2S

In these reactions, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

Explanation:

--- Na2S + ---- HCl ===> ---- NaCl  + ---- H2S

Na  =  2                                  Na = 1 * 2 = 2

S  = 1                                       S = 1

H = 1 * 2 = 2                             H = 2

Cl = 1 * 2 = 2                            Cl = 1 * 2 = Cl

In these reactions, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

REACTION TYPE:

DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION/DOUBLE REPLACEMENT

I hope that helps, have a wonderful day!!!!

Mass percent of a compound=(mass of element in molecule/total mass of compound)×100  (a) 63.64%

We use the concept of mass percentage composition to explain the concentration of an element in a compound or a component in a combination. This word refers to the overall percent by mass of each element present in a compound.

In chemistry, a compound's percent composition is calculated by dividing its total amount of each elements by the compound's total amount, multiplied by 100. The following formula determines an element's percentage composition:

(gE/gT) = %CE 100

Here, %CE stands for the element's composition in percent.

How to calculate the percentage of each element by mass makes up each compound?

To get the mass percent of an element in a compound, multiply the result by 100 after dividing the mass of the element in 1 mole of the compound by the compound's molar mass.

Calculating total mass of HNO3

= 1 x 1 + 14 x 1 + 16 x 3

= 1 + 14 + 48

= 63

Calculating the mass percentage of Nitrogen in HNO3

= 1/63 x 100

= 1.586 %

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The difference between the heats of reaction (□H - □E) at constant pressure and constant volume can be calculated using the following equation:

□H - □E = □H - □V + □V - □E

Where □H is the heat of reaction at constant pressure, □E is the heat of reaction at constant volume, □V is the change in volume at constant pressure, and □E is the change in internal energy at constant volume.

To calculate the difference between the heats of reaction at constant pressure and constant volume for the given reaction, we need to know the values of □H, □V, and □E. Without this information, it is not possible to calculate the difference between the heats of reaction at constant pressure and constant volume.

Answer:

Uranium experiences a stronger net force holding its protons and neutrons together than barium.

Explanation:

Polyatomic ions are ions made up of more than one atom.

What are Atoms?

Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that make up all objects. They are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Atoms are the basic units of matter and are the building blocks of all living and nonliving things.

Polyatomic ions are ions that consist of two or more atoms covalently bonded together and carrying a net electric charge. Examples of polyatomic ions include nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−), phosphate (PO43−), and carbonate (CO32−).

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Answer: I believe its two

Explanation:

the answer is that it is a