Hinata may have the disease-causing mitochondrial DNA but not show symptoms or Erza may have acquired the disease-causing mitochondrial DNA from her father.
The fact that Erza's mother Hinata does not show any symptoms of the mitochondrial disease while her daughter and grandchildren do suggests that the disease is maternally inherited.
This is because mitochondria, which contain their own DNA, are typically passed down from the mother to her offspring.
One possible explanation for Hinata's lack of symptoms could be that she is a carrier of the disease-causing mutation but does not show symptoms due to a phenomenon called heteroplasmy.
Heteroplasmy refers to the presence of a mixture of normal and mutant mitochondrial DNA in a single cell. If Hinata's cells have a low proportion of the mutated mitochondrial DNA, then she may not show any symptoms.
However, Erza may have a higher proportion of mutated mitochondrial DNA, which could explain why she and her children show symptoms of the disease.
Another possible explanation is that the mutation arose spontaneously in Erza's mitochondrial DNA rather than being inherited from Hinata.
This is known as a de novo mutation and can occur during the formation of the egg cell or early in embryonic development. In this scenario, Hinata would not have the mutation because it did not exist in her mitochondrial DNA.
For more such answers on mitochondrial disease
https://brainly.com/question/30635027
#SPJ11
Two possible explanations for Erza's mother Hinata not showing any symptoms of the mitochondrial disease, despite her daughter and grandchildren being affected, are:
Maternal inheritance: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited exclusively from the mother. Therefore, if a mother carries a disease-causing mutation in her mtDNA, all of her children will inherit it. However, since the mutation is only present in the mother's mtDNA, her own symptoms may be absent or mild. This is because the disease-causing mtDNA mutation may not affect all cells equally or may only cause symptoms when present at high levels.
Heteroplasmy: Mitochondria can have multiple copies of mtDNA, and it is possible for an individual to have a mixture of both normal and mutated mtDNA in their cells. This is known as heteroplasmy. If Hinata is heteroplasmic for the disease-causing mtDNA mutation, she may have a low level of mutated mtDNA in her cells, which is not enough to cause symptoms. However, when the mutation is passed on to her offspring, the level of mutated mtDNA may increase, leading to symptoms in her children and grandchildren.
To know more about DNA
brainly.com/question/264225
#SPJ11
A technologist performed a STAT spinal fluid count by pipetting undiluted spinal fluid in a Neubauer Counting Chamber and counting both sides of the chamber (4 large WBC squares on each side). A total of 54 White Cells were counted. How many White Cells would there be per cubic millimeter
The number of white cells is mathematically given as
Avg = 67.5 mm^3
What are White Cells in per cubic millimeter?Generally, the equation for Avg is mathematically given as
Avg =WBC/µL
Where, the addition of the number of squares
x=(4+4)
x= 8
Therefore
Avg =54/ 8x 0.1 uL
Avg = 67.5
In conclusion, the number of white cells White Cells
Avg = 67.5 mm^3
Read more about White Cells
https://brainly.com/question/9542910
#SPJ1
Atrial repolarization occurs during ventricular depolarization and, consequently, would be viewed on an electrocardiogram (if it was visible) during?
During the QRS complex.
What are the components of an ECG?A graph that documents the electrical activity of the myocardium throughout a cardiac cycle is known as an ECG (electrocardiogram). The P wave, the QRS complex, and the T wave are the three waves that make up an ECG. P waves indicate atrial systole and atrial depolarization. The QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles followed by the activation of the Purkinje fibers. T waves signify the ventricles' repolarization. It indicates ventricular diastole and ventricular myocardial relaxation.
Refer to the image attached for a standard ECG graph.
Learn more about ECG here:
https://brainly.com/question/10577559
#SPJ4
In addition to their distinctive subsistence strategies, horticulturalists are characterized by what features
In addition to their distinctive subsistence strategies, horticulturalists are characterized by a large population and land ownership.
What are subsistence strategies?A subsistence pattern often called a subsistence strategy, is the way a civilization meets its fundamental necessities for survival. This includes having access to food, water, and shelter. Foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, agriculture, and industrial food production are the five basic groups of subsistence patterns.
The earliest kind of subsistence is foraging, which was the mainstay of all human cultures up until about 10,000 years ago. Horticultural societies often use basic tools for small-scale gardening. Higher population densities are possible using these strategies, but they still rely on the availability of lots of undeveloped lands. The intensive upkeep and cultivation of land for food production is known as agriculture.
Learn more about subsistence strategy here:
https://brainly.com/question/17301667
#SPJ4
One day after a biology class four of your friends argue about the difference between phylogeny and systematics. Which friend is right
Friend A states that systematics and phylogenies are really the same, one is more recent than the other, but basically they are the same.
What is Phylogeny ?Phylogeny is the study of the evolutionary development of groups of organisms. The relationships are hypothesized based on the idea that all life is derived from a common ancestor.
What is Systematics ?Systematics is the study of classification of organisms into kingdom, both past and present, and the relationship between living organisms. Solve any question of The Living World with:- Patterns of problems.
Learn more about Phylogeny and Systematics here:
https://brainly.com/question/14952031
#SPJ4
Suppose a mouse develops loss of sodium pump activity in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle in all of the nephrons in both kidneys. What problem would you expect this mouse to have?.
The problem that we would expect this mouse to have is a tendency to drink more water than normal accompanied by excretion of dilute urine.
What is Sodium Potassium pump?The sodium-potassium pump is a protein that has been found in many cells and is responsible for keeping the internal concentration of sodium ions [Na+] lower than that of the surrounding medium (blood, body fluid, or water) and the internal concentration of potassium ions [K+] higher than that of the surrounding medium (blood, body fluid, or water). The adenosine-triphosphatase (ATPase)-active pump travels across the cell membrane and is triggered by both internal and external [K+] and [Na+].
To learn more about Sodium potassium pump with the help of the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/15729477
#SPJ4
The correct definition for BCC is: Group of answer choices a biopsy of cancerous cells. a cancerous tumor of basal skin cells. a procedure in which a rash is biopsied, cultured, and treated with chemotherapy. a mole with bad changes or formations.
The correct definition for BCC is (b) a cancerous tumor of basal skin cells.
What is Basal cell carcinoma?
Skin exposed to the sun, such as the face, is more likely to develop basal cell carcinoma than other types of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma frequently appears as a brown or glossy black lump with a rolling border on brown and Black skin. Skin cancer of the basal cell carcinoma variety exists.
Basal cell carcinomas account for about 80% of skin cancer cases (also called basal cell cancers). The basal cell layer, which is the bottom layer of the epidermis, is where many tumors begin. The face, head, and neck are particularly sun-exposed locations where these malignancies tend to grow. They often develop slowly.
Learn more about basal cell carcinoma here:
https://brainly.com/question/20059090
#SPJ4
Compare and contrast the cell structures / organelles found in plant and animal cells.
list 3 organelle/structures plant and animal cells have that are the same
list 2 organelles/structures plant and animal cells have that are different
Be sure to write using complete sentences.
Answer:
3 Common structure found in both plant and animal cell:
NucleusCell MembraneMitochondria .3 different structures of plant and Animal cell:
Centrosome (Animal cell)Lysosomes (Animal cell)Cell Wall (Plant Cell)A daughter cell that matures to the inside of the vascular cambium becomes ______, and a daughter cell that matures to the outside of the vascular cambium becomes ______.
A daughter cell that matures to the inside of the vascular cambium becomes secondary xylem and a daughter cell that matures to the outside of the vascular cambium becomes secondary phloem.
The cambium divides its cells to create secondary xylem and phloem. As secondary phloem and xylem tissue builds up, the stem becomes thicker and develops wood and bark.The kind of xylem produced by secondary growth is known as secondary xylem. In contrast, during primary growth, the primary xylem develops. As a result, lateral growth, as opposed to vertical growth, is connected with the secondary xylem, as opposed to the primary xylem.The procambium, which is found between the xylem axis and the phloem pole, develops into the cambium in the root. A pattern resembling the arrangement of secondary stem is produced when xylem forms in the core and phloem on the perimeter of secondary development.learn more about vascular cambium here: https://brainly.com/question/859907
#SPJ4
A daughter cell that matures to the inside of the vascular cambium becomes secondary xylem and a daughter cell that matures to the outside of the vascular cambium becomes secondary phloem.
What vascular cambium is?The primary meristem in the stem is the vascular cambium, which produces undifferentiated wood cells on the inside and bark cells on the outside. When the vascular cambium is most active, its thickness ranges from around six cells during periods of dormancy to about 14 cells.
How is energy produced by the vascular cambium?Growing inward from the vascular cambium, the xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for carrying water and nutrients throughout the plant. The vascular cambium, which produces phloem, expands outward to carry big molecules like sugar. Additional xylem and phloem cells are produced by the vascular cambium cells during division.
Learn more about vascular cambium here:-
https://brainly.com/question/859907
#SPJ1
An object created by human beings that is of cultural interest is a(n) __________.
An object created by human beings that is of cultural interest is an artifact.
A human-made object is referred to as an artifact. The term "artifact" refers to anything created by a person or group of people, regardless of time or location, including works of art, tools, and clothes.
The word can also be used to describe a piece of broken pottery or glass or other object remnants. For academics seeking to understand a culture, artifacts are of great value. Historical and cultural, media, knowledge, and data are the four different types of artifacts.
Therefore, An object created by human beings that is of cultural interest is an artifact.
Learn more about artifacts here:
https://brainly.com/question/17362933
#SPJ1
The fastest known "cruiser" is the a bonito b yellowfish tuna c grouper d flounder
This is the fourth fastest fish, having recorded swimming speed of 76km/h.
What is Tuna known for ?Tuna are remarkable and impressive wild animals. The Atlantic bluefin can reach ten feet in length and weigh as much as 2000 pounds (more than a horse)
Their specialized body shape, fins and scales enable some species of tuna to swim as fast as 43 miles per hour. Tuna swim incredible distances as they migrate.The latest report by the UN shows that tuna is the world's most consumed and the second most wild caught fish in the world.Learn more about Tuna fish here:
https://brainly.com/question/14209665
#SPJ4
During the alarm stage of the body’s stress response, what emergency hormone is released to prepare the body to respond to a stressor?.
The emergency hormone released is adrenaline.
What are the roles of the hormone adrenaline?Some of the neurons in the central nervous system and the medulla of the adrenal glands both create adrenaline. In a stressful circumstance, adrenaline is immediately released into the blood, sending signals to the organs to trigger a certain response, within a few minutes.
Depending on the sort of cells it is working upon, adrenaline has a wide range of diverse effects. However, adrenaline's general impact is to get the body ready for the "fight or flight" reaction under stress, that is, for quick and/or forceful action.
Key effects of adrenaline include speeding up heartbeat, raising blood pressure, widening the pupil of the eye, lessening pain sensitivity, improving vision, hearing, and other senses, slowing digestion, rerouting blood to the muscles, and changing the body's metabolism to maximize oxygen and nutrients to the body and raise blood glucose levels.
Learn more about adrenaline here:
https://brainly.com/question/1305631
#SPJ4
In the roman soldier model for refraction, the soldiers have to stay in line or else they will be
o a. yelled at
b. shot
c. flogged
d. beheaded
Answer: A is the answer
The roots of many clover plants produce structures that are filled with bacteria. The clover plants provide food and shelter for bacteria, while the bacteria produce a nutrient that is used by plants. As a result, clover plants that have these structures on their roots grow at a faster rate and are healthier than clover plants that do not have structures.What type of relationship exists between the clover plants that have these structures on their roots and the bacteria in the structure?
The type of relationship that occurs between the clover plants and the bacterias is called mutualism.
What is Mutualism?Mutualism is an ecological relationship between individuals of different species, in which both are benefited by the interaction. As it occurs between individuals of different species, it is a so-called interspecific relationship, and, as it benefits all those involved, it is called a harmonic relationship.
See more about ecology at: https://brainly.com/question/25953800
#SPJ1
The limbic system and reticular formation are located ______.
The limbic system and reticular formation are located throughout two (2) or more areas of the brain.
What is the limbic system?The limbic system is a system of the cerebrum associated with behavior, feelings, and emotions such as feeding sensations.
This system (limbic system) is well known to be involved in the flight/fight stimuli response.
In conclusion, the limbic system and reticular formation are located throughout two (2) or more areas of the brain.
Learn more about the limbic system here:
https://brainly.com/question/10093550
#SPJ1
When the number of enzymes needed to break down a drug in the liver increases, it is called:_______
When the number of enzymes needed to break down a drug in the live increases , its is called as Cytochrome P-450 enzymes. It is a group of enzymes that helps in to breakdown to drug via primary mechanism for metabolizing .
Drug metabolism are the breakdown by living organism .and they divided into three phases , first is cytocromes p450 oxidases which react into xenobiotic . second phase is where compounds conjugated to polar compounds. in last phase conjugated xenobiotics processed and converted into lipophilic compounds.
Some drug such as rifampin, work as a inducers they increase the P-450 enzymes level in the liver.
To learn more about rifampin here
https://brainly.com/question/4525047
#SPJ4
According to grime, which strategy is followed by stress-tolerant species?
According to grime, the S strategy is followed by stress-tolerant species.
For plants especially, Grime created a life-history model. Grime categorized factors that restrict plant biomass or productivity in this model in the ways shown as follows. Any condition is known as stress limits plant growth. Examples include a lack of nutrients, water, light, or a low temperature. A disturbance is the partial or complete loss of plant biomass brought on by herbivores, pathogens, or human activity, as well as by environmental variables such as wind, frost, desiccation, soil erosion, or fire. The propensity of nearby plants to share the same amount of space, water molecule, ion of mineral nutrient, or quantum of light is known as competition. Numerous studies have demonstrated that while competitiveness is significant under productive conditions, its significance diminishes as productivity increases.
To learn more about Grime refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/26745286
#SPJ1
What structure is found in all cells that encloses the cell to form the outside?
A. Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
B. Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
C. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
Answer: I think its c?
Explanation:
Use the numbers 1,2,3,4 and 5 to place the protein creation steps below in the correct order.
Answer:
Explanation:
1) Activation of the Amino Acids
2) Transfer of the Amino Acids to tRNA
3) Initiation of polypeptide chain
4) Chain Termination
5) Protein Translocation
What is the proper method for cleansing the evacuation port of a wound drainage system?
The proper method for cleansing the evacuation port of a wound drainage system is wiping it with an alcohol sponge and is denoted as option D.
What is a Wound drainage system?This is a system which is designed to ensure the wound is in the best condition for regeneration and healing such as removal of foreign materials or making it moist.
Alcohol helps to sterilize the affected area and makes it moist thereby making it the most appropriate choice.
Read more about Wound drainage system here https://brainly.com/question/28121268
#SPJ1
The options are:
A. Cleanse it with normal saline.
B. Wash it with soap and warm water.
C. Rinse it with sterile water.
D. Wipe it with an alcohol sponge.
How does sweating during exercise help maintain homeostasis?
A.It regulates water concentration in the cells.
B.It regulates body temperature.
C.It regulates ion concentrations in the cells.
D.It regulates transport between cells.
The correct option is B. It regulates body temperature.
What is homeostasis?In biology, homeostasis is the condition of steady internal, physical, and chemical requirements maintained by living systems.
This is the requirement of optimal functioning for the organism and contains many variables, such as body temperature and fluid balance, being kept within certain pre-set limitations (homeostatic range). Other variables include the pH of extracellular fluid, the engagements of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions, as competently as the blood sugar level, and these need to be regulated despite changes in the atmosphere, diet, or level of activity. Each of these variables is controlled by one or better controllers or homeostatic mechanisms, which together maintain life.Homeostasis exist obtained about by a natural resistance to switch when already in the optimal conditions, and balance is maintained by many regulatory mechanisms. All homeostatic control mechanisms include at least three interdependent elements for the variable being regulated: a receptor, a control center, and an effector.To learn more about homeostasis, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/1046675
#SPJ2
EdgeProps: A Computational Platform for Correlative Analysis of Cell Dynamics and Near-Edge Protein Activity
Developing molecular tools to visualize and control Rho GTPase signaling in living cells has been instrumental in elucidating the mechanisms of cytoskeletal reorganization and causal relationships between activation events in cell function.
What is EdgeProps ?The EdgeProps is a collection of MATLAB scripts divided into three folders corresponding to the three modules of the pipeline.
Each folder includes the main file of the program, supporting functions, and an example of data that can be used for getting acquainted with the functionality of the tool. Each module represents a graphical user interface (GUI) with an intuitive user-friendly design.Learn more about EdgeProps here:
https://brainly.com/question/15071644
#SPJ4
What evidence suggests that proteins are synthesized and modified in the rough er as opposed to the smooth er?
The presence of ribosomes on the rough ER suggests that the proteins are synthesized as well as modified there as opposed to the smooth ER.
Ribosomes are responsible for the synthesis of proteins from the amino acids. They translate each codon on the RNA template and match it with the appropriate amino acid to make a protein. This process is known as translation. Ribosomes can be found free in the cytosol or attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. When the ribosomes are bound to it, it is known as the rough ER and without it, it is called smooth ER. Smooth ER performs different functions like the synthesis of lipids and phospholipids. Since it does not have ribosomes, it cannot synthesize proteins.
To learn more about the ribosomes here
https://brainly.com/question/241631
#SPJ4
How do plants maintain homeostasis? Select all that apply.
By exchanging gas through stigmas.
By exchanging gas through stomata.
By closing stomata to prevent water loss.
By altering the activity within a cell with chemical transmitters.
By growing towards sunlight.
Plants maintain homeostasis by exchanging gas through their stomata (option B). Details about homeostasis can be found below.
What is homeostasis?Homeostasis is the ability of a system or living organism to adjust its internal environment to maintain a constant state.
Plants maintain homeostasis in their cell by opening a pore called stomata for gaseous exchange to occur i.e. loss of oxygen, intake of carbon dioxide
Therefore, plants maintain homeostasis by exchanging gas through their stomata.
Learn more about homeostasis at: https://brainly.com/question/3888340
#SPJ1
Provide four major drawbacks to using fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, in alberta thermal power stations.
The four major drawbacks to using fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, in alberta thermal power stations is climate change, not renewable, unsustainable and biological accidents.
What is fossil fuel?
Fossil energy is all that comes from the burning of so-called fossil fuels. These fuels are formed by the remains of plant and animal organisms accumulated in the subsoil of our planet.
climate change; this is because when they are burned they release into the atmosphere the gases responsible for the greenhouse effect.they are not renewable; there are finite resources available and its reserves are not replenished naturally.unsustainable, which means that any burn of fossing fuels contribute to the pollution of the air by CO2.biological accidents over the time, such as pipeline leaks, exploding drilling platforms, and the dumping of millions of gallons of oil into the ocean.See more about energy at: brainly.com/question/1932868
#SPJ1
__________ is the name of the specialized enzyme that unzips the bonds between bases.
Helicase is the name of the specialized enzyme that unzips the bonds between bases.
By severing the hydrogen bonds between base pairs and unwinding the DNA molecule's two strands, an enzyme known as Helicase aids in unzipping the molecule. It binds to and dissolves the hydrogen bonds connecting the bases on the DNA strands. These hydrogen bonds continue to be broken as the helicase travels along the DNA molecule, separating the two polynucleotide chains.
Primase, a different enzyme, momentarily binds to each strand when the helicase separates them in order to build a foundation upon which replication can start.
To learn more about helicase click here
brainly.com/question/13255962
#SPJ4
A type of selection that exists between certain inherited conditions and environmental pressures, such as between sickle cell anemia and malaria, that stabilizes the frequency of both alleles is called
Natural selection is a type of selection that exists between certain inherited conditions and environmental pressures.
How does malaria and sickle cell anemia show natural selection?The process through which populations of living things adapt and change is known as natural selection. A population's members are naturally varied, which means that they are all distinctive in some ways. This variety indicates that some people have characteristics that are more environment-appropriate than others. Natural selection is a non-random difference in reproductive output among replicating entities.
It turns out that HbS carriers have been naturally chosen in these regions because the trait gives some malaria resistance. When they are infected with the malaria parasite, their red blood cells, which include some aberrant hemoglobin, have a propensity to sickle. The malaria life cycle intensifies both natural selection and random genetic drift.
Learn more about natural selection here:
https://brainly.com/question/23929271
#SPJ4
____________________ is a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss.
Erythroderma is a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss.
Erythroderma, also sometimes called exfoliative dermatitis, is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition that presents with diffuse erythema and scaling involving all or most of the skin surface area .
Causes of erythroderma
A complication of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, or another skin condition.A reaction to medicines such as penicillin, barbiturates, or sulfonamide.Certain types of cancer such as lymphoma.To learn more about lymphoma, here
https://brainly.com/question/19962467
#SPJ4
If one day you are less able to recognize familiar sounds, this lobe of the cortex is probably at fault?
If one day you are less able to recognize familiar sounds, Temporal lobe of the cortex is probably at fault.
One of the cortex's four main lobes is the temporal lobe. It is primarily in charge of deciphering the sounds coming from the ears and is crucial for understanding and using language. The temporal lobe collaborates with other neural regions to form fresh, long-term memories, and it aids in object recognition as well.It is also thought that the temporal lobes are crucial for processing affect/emotions, language, and some facets of visual perceptionThe left side of the dominant temporal lobe, which is the side in most people, is involved in verbal learning and memory as well as language comprehension.People who suffer temporal lobe lesions have trouble categorizing words, sounds, or visuals. Damage to the temporal lobe can have an impact on language.learn more about temporal lobe here: https://brainly.com/question/1004131
#SPJ4
The human body is uniquely designed to respond to stress and, if necessary, make changes to maintain optimal health and physiological functioning. What is this process called?
The human body is uniquely designed to respond to stress and body's tendency to monitor ans maintain internal stakes, such as temperature or blood sugar, at fairly constant and stable.
In Homeostasis is an organism's ability to regulate various physiological process to keep internal states steady and balanced. Its helps in maintain the internal environment without being overcome by external stimuli that exist to disrupt the balance.
Homeostasis is the process by which body react to changes in order to keep conditions inside the body.The ability to maintain the temperature of human body is good example of homeostasis which is maintained by controlling the mechanism of functioning of organs and tissues/ cellular level , which includes activation or inhibition of individual enzymes.
To learn more about Homeostasis here
https://brainly.com/question/3888340
#SPJ4
What are viable explanations for the consistent observation of a few black mice on the island?
They undergone genetic mutation that influenced their fur color.
Mutations result either from accidents during the normal chemical transactions of DNA, often during replication, or from exposure to high-energy electromagnetic radiation (e.g., ultraviolet light or X-rays) or particle radiation or to highly reactive chemicals in the environment. Mutation can be of 4 types Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells. Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure. Point mutations change a single nucleotide. Frameshift mutations are additions or deletions of nucleotides that cause a shift in the reading frame. Factor that influenced mutation are the size of the gene, its base composition, its position in the genome, and whether or not it is being actively transcribed influence its mutation rate.
To learn more about mutation ,here
https://brainly.com/question/13923224
#SPJ4