A student is conducting their science experiment on the effect of caffeine on dogs. He has 3 groups of test subjects.
The 1st group of dogs receives plain water. The 2nd group of dogs receives 10 mg of caffeine each, and the 3rd
group receives 50 mg of caffeine each. He will measure their activity levels by recording how long each dog runs
without stopping, after giving them the pills. What could be evaluated in this experiment to ensure reliability?
A. If the dogs are different breeds, their activity levels could be different because of their breed and not the caffeine.
• B. The test subjects are dogs and not people, so their data is unreliable.
C. The different amounts of caffeine given could lead to different activity levels which would throw off the result of the experiment.
C D. The group that receives water will be an outlier and throw off the best fit line.

Answers

Answer 1

If the dogs are different breeds, their activity levels could be different because of their breed and not the caffeine. The correct option is A.

Reliability of experiments

In order for the outcomes of scientific experiments to be reliable, constant variables should be kept constant.

In the illustrated experiments, the breed and age of the experimental dogs have to be the same. It is one of the variables that have to be kept constant throughout the experiment.

If the dogs are different breeds, their activity levels could be different because of their breed and not the caffeine. The same thing is applicable to different ages.

Thus, evaluating this variable and doing right by it will ensure reliability.

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Related Questions

88 points please help will give brainiest

1. What are some patterns noticed about buffalo feeding? Any specifics about the season, food preference, habits, etc.



2. What are some patterns noticed about other organisms’ feeding patterns? Any specifics about the season, food preference, habits, etc.



3. Make notes of anything that could affect the buffalo’s ability to feed.

Answers

Answer:

1.

The population and the size of the African Buffalo increased from 1961 to 1975 by almost 50,000.

The population and the size of the African Buffalo decreased from 1976 to 1998 about 62,000.

At the year of 1999, the population and the size of the buffaloes begin to increase again.

From the years 1975 to 1985, they didn't collect any data

2.  

Prey traveled in groups

There were adult animals watching their young

The groups seem like they're separated

3.

The feed will enter the rumen compartment when swallowed by the animal. ... The pH of the rumen content is similar to that of cattle, and it is affected in the same ... between protein and energy in the rumen to be able to do their qualified job.

An object in motion tends to stay in motion and an object at rest tends to
stay at rest unless an outside force act on it is called
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Newton's First Law
Acceleration

Answers

Answer:

Newton's first law

Explanation:

The focus of Lesson 1 is Newton's first law of motion - sometimes referred to as the law of inertia. An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

How does the gametophyte generation differ genetically from the sporophyte generation?


It contains a full set of genetic material (is diploid).

It undergoes asexual reproduction.

It lacks genetic material (DNA).

It contains half the genetic material (is haploid).

Answers

Answer:

I'm pretty sure it is d.

Explanation:

Answer:

It contains half the genetic material (is haploid).

Explanation:

right on edge

Why do you think that it is important for health care workers to have corona virus vaccine?

Answers

Yes, I think it is essential for health care workers to receive the coronavirus vaccine. Health care workers, such as doctors and nurses, help patients with and without the virus. I believe that all health care workers should be vaccinated for their own health and their patients' health.

A population of rabbits lives in a grassy field that is lush and green in summer and covered in snow in winter. At the start of the summer, 75% of the population are white rabbits, and the remaining 25% of the population are brown rabbits. In rabbits, white (W) is dominant over brown (w). During the summer, the field where they live experiences a drought. The summer drought lasts for two years, through many generations of rabbits.
Which prediction BEST estimates the expected percent of white and brown rabbits in the population at the end of the drought?

Answers

Answer:

The rabbit population will consist of 35% white rabbits and 65% brown rabbits.

Explanation:

hope this helps!

The rabbit population will consist of 35% white rabbits and 65% brown rabbits.

What are the limiting factors of the rabbit population?

Until a limiting factor, such as low reproduction, food scarcity, predation, disease, and/or weather conditions restrict populations, the population tends to grow.

Some density-dependent limiting factors are the spread of pathogens, competition for nesting locations, the destruction of habitat, increase in the population of predators. Several predators, including raptors and coyotes, use rabbits as food, but in urban and suburban areas, cats and dogs pose the biggest threat. Some abiotic limiting factors are drought, flood, earthquake, and all types of natural disasters.

Thus, the rabbit population will consist of 35% white rabbits and 65% brown rabbits.

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In peas, round shape is dominant (R) over wrinkled (r) and yellow color is dominant (Y) over green (y). If both parent plants are heterozygous for both traits,
what is the probability of an offspring's phenotype being round and yellow?

HELP I NEED A NUMBER OUT OF 16

Answers

Answer:

9/16

Explanation:

RrYy x 2

Answer:

9 out of 16 (also 9/16)

Explanation:

Count the likeliness of the offspring to be round:

RR, Rr, rR, rr

round shape is 3 out of 4 times

Count the likeliness of the offspring to be yellow:

YY, Yy, yY, yy

yellow color is 3 out of 4 times

Multiply the likeliness of being round and being yellow (since they are two independent probabilities, we are using multiplication rule):

3/4 * 3/4 = 9/16

Make me the brainliest ;)

What is the energy molecule that is being used during photosynthesis?

A. H2O

B. NADPH

C. Mitochondria

D. ATP

Answers

ATP i think! Have a good day, and good luck!
The right answer -ATP 100%

Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high ______ of water.
a. freezing point
b. boiling point
c. conductivity
d. polarity

Answers

The hydrogen bond is responsible for many of the anomalous physical and chemical properties of compounds of N, O, and F. In particular, intermolecular hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water (100 °C) compared to the other group 16 hydrides that have much weakerhydrogen bonds

Explanation:

Therefore, option b is correct.

Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of the water. Thus, the correct option is B.

What is Hydrogen bonding?

Hydrogen bonding is an interaction which involves a hydrogen atom that is located between a pair of other atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine which have a high affinity for electrons, and such a bond is weaker than an ionic bond or a covalent bond but are stronger than van der Waals forces and dispersion forces.

Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water solvent. Hydrogen bonding is a strong affinity. Hydrogen bonding is created when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom by approaching a nearby electronegative atom.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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Through what process can scientists artificially change the DNA code of organisms?
A)DNA fingerprinting
B)Polymerase Chain Reaction
C)Cloning
D)Recombinant DNA

Answers

Answer:

cloning is the right answer

Through Recombinant DNA scientists can artificially change the DNA code of organisms.

What is recombinant DNA?

Recombinant DNA is a term used to describe the process of creating new combinations of DNA from different sources. This is done by cutting DNA molecules from different sources and joining them together, creating a recombinant molecule.

This process is often used in biotechnology for applications such as creating new vaccines, improving crop yields, and producing therapeutic proteins. Recombinant DNA technology plays a crucial role in many areas of modern biology and medicine, including genetic engineering, gene therapy, and drug discovery.

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A helium atom that has only two electrons will have its electrons in which orbital(s)?

Answers

1s orbital

Explanation:

The electron has to go into the first energy level, in the 1s orbital. Helium, with two protons, will have two electrons. These are placed one at a time into the 1s orbital. This makes helium a very contented atom.

Cape Town, South Africa has a significant water shortage. The amount of water available is not sufficient to support the current human population of the city.
Which three factors most likely contributed to the growing water shortage?
- Strict water management policies.
- Naturally-occurring drought conditions.
- Underdeveloped alternative and supplemental water sources.
- Migrations of residents out of the city and into surrounding areas.
- Higher demand for water than natural reservoirs accumulate each year.

Answers

Explanation:

The city's water supply shortage seems to be the result of a combination of physical, social, and political factors. Well below-average rainfall patterns, the increasing unpredictability of weather conditions due to anthropogenic climate change impacts, population growth, and government mismanagement have produced one of the worst urban water crises in recent memory.

here is the reason your explanation from the water shortage now just figure out what the factors are in your answers I would say it's naturally occurring drought conditions because it says on here well below average rainfall patterns and climate change

Water shortage can occur as a result of mismanagement practices by humans or as a result of natural occurrences such as droughts.

What is water shortage?

Water shortage refers to a situation in which there is not enough water to meet the daily water needs of the human, animal and plant population in a particular area.

The water shortage issue in Cape Town, South Africa could have been as a result of:

Naturally-occurring drought conditionsUnderdeveloped alternative and supplemental water sourcesHigher demand for water than natural reservoirs accumulate each year

Therefore, water shortage can occur as a result of mismanagement practices by humans or as a result of natural occurrences such as droughts.

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________ cells lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Answers

Answer:

Prykaryotic

Explanation:

Prykaryotic cells lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Why is the parietal lobe sometimes called the
"association lobe"?

Answers

Answer:

The parietal lobes are primarily responsible for receiving and processing sensory input such as touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. The parietal lobes are also involved in the perception of body awareness and the construction of a spatial coordinate system (mental map) to represent the world around us

Answer:

The parietal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The parietal lobe is positioned above the temporal lobe and behind the frontal lobe and central sulcus. ... The name comes from the parietal bone, which is named from the Latin paries-, meaning "wall".

Explanation:

In the first step of pollination, _____ from the male anther is transferred to the female _____. The pollen grain is then carried down the _____ to the ovary. Inside it meets with an ______. This is the process of fertilization.

WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST IF YOU HELP, IT'S DUE TMRWWW

Answers

Answer:

1.  pollen grains

2. stigma

3. style

4. egg cell of an ovule

What does it mean if a galaxy gives off light that has been shifted toward the red
end of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Answers

Answer: Redshift and blueshift describe how light shifts toward shorter or longer wavelengths as objects in space (such as stars or galaxies) move closer or farther away from us. ... When an object moves away from us, the light is shifted to the red end of the spectrum, as its wavelengths get longer.

Explanation:

What usually happens in the tropical rainforest

Answers

Tropical rainforests occur in regions of the tropics where temperatures are always high and where rainfall exceeds about 1,800 to 2,500 mm (about 70 to 100 inches) annually and occurs fairly evenly throughout the year.

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What is defined as the variable in a controlled experiment that is purposely changed or manipulated? PLEASE HELP!!

constant
independent variable
controlled variable
dependent variable

Answers

Answer:

Independent Variable

Explanation:

What’s one indirect consequences of building Seawalls

Answers

The shoreline habitat is destroyed through loss of sand. -is one indirect consequence of building seawalls. The shoreline habitat is destroyed through loss of sand.

Answer:

The shoreline Habitat is destroyed through loss of sand.

Explanation:

Biologically important tautomers involve Biologically important tautomers involve blankfor thymine and guanine and blank for cytosine and adenine.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is B.

Explanation:

Adenine and guanine are purine bases, thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines which make up the structure of the DNA. They are not tautomers. They can however get involved in tautomerism which is the transfer of protons and electrons between chemical compounds that are usually structurally isomers. So the answer is B.

I hope this helps.

2. Which type of nuclear energy is used in commercial nuclear reactors to produce electrical
energy? In two to three sentences, describe how a nuclear power plant works.

Answers

Answer:

nuclear fission

Nuclear power comes from nuclear fission

The steam is used to spin large turbines that generate electricity. Nuclear power plants use heat produced during nuclear fission to heat water. In nuclear fission, atoms are split apart to form smaller atoms, releasing energy

In nuclear power plants, neutrons collide with uranium atoms, splitting them.  In the core of nuclear reactors, the fission of uranium atoms releases energy that heats water to about 520 degrees Farenheit. This hot water is then used to spin turbines that are connected to generators, producing electricity

Explanation:

According to the Base Pair rule, Cytosine always pairs with

Answers

Answer:

Guanine always pairs with Cytosine. :)

Genes for body color (B black dominant to b yellow) and wing shape (C straight dominant to c curved) are located on the same chromosome in flies. If single mutants for each of these traits are crossed (i.e. a yellow fly crossed to a curved-wing fly), and their progeny is testcrossed, the following phenotypic ratios are observed among their progeny.

Black, straight 17
yellow, curved 12
black, curved 337
yellow, straight 364

Required:
Calculate the map distance between B and C.

Answers

Answer:

Map distance = Genetic distance, GD = 3.9 MU ≅ 4 MU

Explanation:

The more separated two genes are, the more chances of recombination there will be.  The closer they are, the fewer chances of recombination there will be. Two genes that are very close will have a few recombination events and are strongly bounded.    

To analyze the recombination frequency, we have to know that:

1% of recombination = 1 map unit = 1centi Morgan = 1,000,000 base pairs. And that the maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.  

The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which every 100 meiotic products one of them results in a recombinant one.  

Knowing that the genes are linked, we can calculate genetic distances between them. First, we need to identify the genotypes of the parental gametes with the ones of the recombinants. We can recognize the parental gametes in the descendants because their phenotypes are the most frequent, while the recombinants are the less frequent. So:

Parentals:

black, curved 337yellow, straight 364

Recombinants:

Black, straight 17yellow, curved 12

To calculate the recombination frequency we will make use of the next formula: P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals.

P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals.  

P = 17 + 12 / 337 + 364 + 17 + 12

P = 29 / 730

P = 0.039

The genetic distance (GD) will result from multiplying that recombination frequency (P) by 100 and expressing it in map units (MU).

GD = P x 100

GD = 0.039 x 100

GD = 3.9 MU ≅ 4 MU

Explain how a male / female contraceptive pill works

Answers

When the sperm enters the female, the chemicals from the pill kill the sperm. Therefore the female won’t get pregnant.

I hope this helps.

Answer:

When the sperm enters the female, the chemicals from the pill kill the sperm. Therefore the female won’t get pregnant.

Explanation:

right above me.

Which of the following increases the population size?

a. favorable light and temperatures

b. inadequate food supply

c. inability to complete

d. inability to migrate, hide or defend

e. inability to resist disease

Answers

Favorable light and temperatures can increase population size

Inadequate food supplies can lead to starvation and/or death

If a population can’t migrate, hide or defend, they will likely die

Populations need to be able to resist disease or they will be wiped out

When writing the name of an organism which part starts with a capitol letter?

A. Kingdom
B.genus
C.species

Answers

Answer:

I believe it is Genus, but I'm not sure.

Explanation:

The answer is B. Genus

List and explain the characteristics of living things

Answers

Answer:

Life process

Movement

Respiration

Sensitivity

Growth

Reproduction

reason:

Life process

Explanation

Earthworms

Movement

All living things move in some way. This may be obvious, such as animals that are able to walk, or less obvious, such as plants that have parts that move to track the movement of the sun.

Earthworms use circular and longitudinal muscles to move through soil or along surfaces.

Respiration

Respiration is a chemical reaction that happens within cells to release energy from food.

The food that earthworms eat supplies their body with energy-rich molecules such as glucose. On entering the cells of their body, these molecules are broken down in a series of steps to release energy to be used by the body, producing carbon dioxide and water as waste products.

Sensitivity

The ability to detect changes in the surrounding environment.

Earthworms have light-sensitive cells scattered in their outer skin. Their skin cells are also sensitive to touch and chemicals.

Growth

All living things grow.

Earthworms hatch from eggs and can grow up to a metre or more in length! Some earthworms are also able to regrow small parts of their body that have been lost or injured.

Reproduction

The ability to reproduce and pass genetic information onto their offspring.

Earthworms have both sperm and eggs within their bodies (they are hermaphrodites) but they cannot self-fertilise and need to mate with another individual. After mating, a cocoon containing the fertilised eggs is deposited in the soil.

Excretion

Getting rid of waste.

Earthworms excrete waste from their anus – the last segment of their body.

Nutrition

The intake and use of nutrients. This occurs in very different ways in different kinds of living things.

Earthworm nutrition comes from a variety of sources, depending on their species. Food types include manure, compost, plant material, fungi, microorganisms and decaying animals. They take in food through their mouths.

PLEASE HELP FAST
4. Which choice is a risk factor that may increase chances of abusing alcohol?
1.no access to alcohol
2.no peer pressure
3.alcoholic parent
4.high self-esteem

Answers

Answer:

3.alcoholic parent..ÔwÔ

The top layer of the soil in the diagram is composed MAINLY of
A)
sand and clay.
B)
solid bedrock
C)
many types of minerals.
D)
decaying organic material.

Answers

Where’s the diagram?
It’s A or D

Answer:

?

(there is no diagram)

REUSE
How can I reuse things at school?​

Answers

One way in which you can do this is by using both sides of the paper you write on.

I hope this helps.


What structure has become useless through evolution but still exists,
typically in a much reduced form?

Answers

Answer:

A "vestigial structure" or "vestigial organ" is an anatomical feature or behavior that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species. Often, these vestigial structures were organs that performed some important functions in the organism at one point in the past.

Explanation:

Other Questions
The following table lists the speed of sound in various materials. Use this table to answer the question.Substance Speed (m/s)Glass 5,200Aluminum 5,100Iron 4,500Copper 3,500Salt water 1,530Fresh water 1,500Mercury 1,400Hydrogen at 0C 1,284Ethyl Alcohol 1,125Helium at 0C 965Air at 100C 387Air at 0C 331Oxygen at 0C 316Sound will travel fastest in air at _____.-5C0C10C15C In which direction is the magnetic force acting on the charge? into the screen out of the screen up down _____ is a permanent organization structure that combines functional and product departmentalization. According to the lecture and materials this week, 1996 was a watershed year because:____. Imagine a world where we run out of internet "real estate" or ip addresses. What do you think would happen? how does this compare to an internet that is limitless? According to the latest analysis, large human-made mounds located along the mississippi were built by:_______. A nurse is caring for a client experiencing nausea, vomiting and anorexia due to chemotherapy treatment. What actions should the nurse take to treat this side effect It is important to learn effective ways to give feedback to be an effective communicator and professional. For thisdiscussion, think about the 4-Step formula from the lecture. Read the scenario below, then answer the prompts.Scenario:Jade is a senior marketing coordinator at a large communications company. One of Jade's responsibilities is to mentornewly hired employees like Carla. Two weeks after Carla is hired, Jade notices that Carla's email messages aresometimes too informal. As her mentor, Jade decides to give Carla feedback to help her improve.Hi Carla,I saw your recent report to the manager. I know that you are supposed to send me the reports to proofread for you, but I kind of assumed you would proofreadthem for basic errors before you sent them to me. I think we all were hired because we know how to use professional communication skills, so I was kind ofhoping you would do a better job of fixing your report for major errors before you sent it to me. Can you start doing that please? I am really finding it timeconsuming to fix mistakes you could have spotted easily.1. Describe if you felt Jade's feedback was effective or not based on what you learned about feedback from the lecture.2. List suggestions on how Jade could improve her feedback to Carla. Which of these goods may be considered rivalrous in consumption and nonexcludable? a) wilderness areas b) national defense c) broadcast television reception d) fire insurance the signs and symptoms of poisoning in children emt a company has six employees.The salary of five of the employees are P2200,P1300,P800,P940 and P560.When the sixth employee is included,the total monthly salaries of the employees becomes P7000.Calculate the salary of the sixth employeesThe company is joined by two more employees whose salaries are of equal amounts.The mean salary of all 8 employees is P1100Calculate the monthly salary of each of the new employees two sides of a triangle are 5 and 55 cm complete the inequality to show the possible lengths of the third side _ < x < _ In which country did monteverdi live and work? Please help me solve this, random answers will be removed za = a + b/m, solve for a The cost to taxpayers is estimated at billions of dollars for: The nurse notes that the electrical cord on an IV infusion pump is cracked. Which action by the nurse is best The first step in good communications is to clearly and concisely ________, whether written, spoken, graphic, or numerical. PLSS HELPPPPP ASAPP Determine the molecular shape of each of the following species.