A diploid cell contains two sets of chromosomes, one set of chromosomes inherited from each parent.
The term diploid means to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism's cells, with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair.
Sexually reproducing organisms are diploid.
We humans are diploid and most of our body cells (somatic cells) contain 23 pair of chromosomes. In each one of us there are total 46 total chromosomes. Half come from the mother, the other half come from the father. The two of the chromosomes X and Y determine your gender as male or female by birth.
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Case Study #2:
A 72-year-old female patient visits her doctor and complains of experiencing pain and
discomfort in her legs. She informs her doctor that the pain worsens after prolong sitting or
standing. The doctor observes her leg and finds that her leg is swollen and appears dark purple
in color. The doctor also uncovers the patient has a high blood pressure. Upon closer observation,
he comes to the conclusion that the veins in her leg are twisted. The doctor believes blood is
collecting in these veins of the leg, giving the leg this dark purple discoloration. In your opinion,
what body systems should the doctor focus on and why?
Upon closer observation, he comes to the conclusion that the veins in her leg are twisted. The doctor believes blood is collecting in these veins of the leg, giving the leg this dark purple discoloration. In my opinion, the body systems the doctor should focus on are circulatory and nervous system.
What is a Varicose vein?This is referred to as a medical condition which is characterized by twisted, enlarged veins caused by weak vein walls and valves.
Vein is a major part of the circulatory system as it carries blood to the heart for oxygenation and it could also affect nerves in the legs which is why the nervous system should be checked.
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The diagram shows embryo development of four different animals.
iS How is this evidence used to suggest that life changes over time?
The genetic inheritance of each of of these species is
exactly the same in the early
stages of development
but then changes as the embryo grows and develops
over time.
Similarities in embryonic development prove that
vestigial structures are common to all species, and life
has changed very little over time.
Lack of homologous structures in later
stages of
embryonic development indicate that each species IS
unique, and a common ancestor
is unlikely.
When there are physical similarities in the early stages
of embryonic development, it suggests that each of the
modern organisms once had a common ancestor.
This evidence is used to suggest that life changes over time, as the genetic inheritance of each species evolves and adapts to its environment.
What is species?
A species is a group of living organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. All members of a species share a set of common characteristics and traits that distinguish them from other species. Species are the basic unit of biological classification and are often given a scientific name. Depending on the species, the members of a species may look similar or be quite different from each other. Species can also be distinguished from each other by their behaviour, habitat, diet, and other characteristics. Species are a fundamental part of the natural world and are integral to the health of all ecosystems. Understanding the different species and their roles in the environment is essential for preserving biodiversity and maintaining a healthy planet.
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Reading task 1 : Please read the text and answer the 12 questions that follow.
What is your hair texture? You may have wondered why your hair color is just the way it is. Genes make that happen. Living things are different because they have different characteristics. For example microbes such as bacteria, plants, to worms, fungi, algae, millions upon millions of animals. These organisms of the same species together form a population. All the genes in a population is called its gene pool. This can change over time. Generally speaking, the term evolution is “ Change over time.” When the gene pool of a population changes over time, then biological evolution has occurred. Think about a population of goldfish with that solid gold color. Supposed the color changes, then biological evolution has occurred. Biological evolution occurs by four mechanisms: migration, mutation, genetic drift, and natural selection.
A mutation is the change in DNA . Imagine some goldfish with stripes. It could just be a mutation. If the mutation is in the sperm or egg cell, it would certainly be passed on to the next generation leading to biological evolution.
Another mechanism is Migration which is movement into or out of a population. Fish gene pool can change if the population is separated over a long time. Thirdly, Genetic drift is biological evolution by chance. Think about a natural disaster that kills all but a few of the individuals of a population, the next generation would get a different gene pool from the original population just by chance.
Lastly, Natural selection is when physical characteristics that are important for reproduction and survival are passed on more frequently from parent to offspring. The conditions for natural selection is for the organisms to produce more offspring than can survive. However, organisms struggle for existence because there are limited resources limiting them from reproducing to their fullest biotic potential. So, they can not reproduce uncontrollably.
Please respond to the following questions based on the above text
Organisms of the same species together form _____
What is a mutation?
From the passage, you can infer that there are millions of varieties of living things essentially because__
Do you think an animal that CAN NOT blend (camouflage) into its environment will experience natural selection? Explain your answer
According to the passage, how are genes and traits/ characteristics related? Cite evidence from the text to support your answer.
Based on the text, what is the main difference between goldfish with solid gold color and goldfish with stripes?
Making connections between text and world. Use the sentence frame below to make connections with the text.
7.__________ makes me think of ________________ because________-
8.______reminds me of ______________because________.
9. How would natural selection affect the population of striped goldfish if they were better able (than solid goldfish) to avoid predators?
10. If a population is separated over a short time, what would be the effect on its’ gene pool?
11. Compare (SIMILARITY) and contrast (DIFFERENCE) migration and mutation.
12. Describe 3 effects of a sudden decrease in food sources for goldfish in their natural habitat.
Organisms of the same species together form Population.
What is Mutation?Any alteration to a cell's DNA sequence. Mistakes in cell division can result in mutations, as can exposure to environmental DNA-damaging substances.
Mutations may be negative, positive, or ineffective. Mutations that take place in other types of cells are not passed on to offspring; however, if they do so in the cells that produce eggs or sperm, they may be.
Cancer and other diseases may result from specific mutations. A variation is another name for a mutation. A mutation is a change to an organism's DNA sequence.
Therefore, Organisms of the same species together form Population.
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victims of drowning who have stopped breathing are sometimes revived by a process called artificial respiration. Suggest why a biologist would object to the use of this expression. (Resuscitation is a better word to use.)
When a person experiences a drowning incident and stops breathing, immediate intervention is necessary to provide oxygen to the brain and other vital organs to prevent permanent damage or death.
Traditionally, this intervention has been called "artificial respiration" or "mouth-to-mouth resuscitation," where a person provides breaths to the victim by blowing air into their mouth to mimic the process of respiration. However, the term "artificial respiration" can be misleading because the action performed during resuscitation is not a complete replacement of the biological process of respiration as it occurs naturally in a living organism. Instead, it is an external intervention to provide oxygen to the victim until they can resume normal breathing on their own.
A more accurate and biologically precise term for this intervention is "resuscitation" or "cardiopulmonary resuscitation" (CPR). Resuscitation involves a combination of chest compressions to maintain blood circulation and rescue breaths to provide oxygen to the victim. By using the term "resuscitation," biologists and medical professionals can better convey the concept that the goal is to restore the natural processes of breathing and circulation, rather than implying the creation of an entirely "artificial" biological function.
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Cell differentiation is the result of gene expression. Genes can be regulated several ways. For example, small interference rna molecules (sirna), prevent gene expression by binding to the product of transcription. How do sirna molecules silence genes?.
Due to their affinity for mRNA, siRNA block gene expression by attaching to the result of transcription.
SiRNA molecules silence genes in what ways?Gene expression leads to cell differentiation. There are various techniques to control genes. Small interference RNA molecules (sirna), for instance, stop gene expression by attaching to the transcriptional product.
What does differential gene expression look like?Only red blood cells produce hemoglobin, and this is because these genes were activated throughout the process of differential gene expression, identifying this kind of cell. Only red blood cells have activated hemoglobin-producing genes; brain and muscle cells do not.
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Some clouds are made up of tiny ice crystals. Which two spheres are clouds
a part of?
Water is known as the universal solvent. One reason water makes a good solvent is because it is composed of polar molecules. What makes a water molecule a polar molecule?.
Water is a universal solvent. The reason water is a good solvent is that it is composed of polar molecules. This makes the water molecule a polar molecule because it has charged (+) and (-) parts. This is possible because the atoms that make up the water molecule (H2O), namely oxygen and hydrogen atoms have distinctive properties.
What is water?Water is a chemical substance with the chemical formula H2O: one water molecule is composed of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. Physically clean water has no color, no taste, and no smell, namely at a pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar) and a temperature of 273.15 k (0oC).
Water is often called the universal solvent because it dissolves many chemicals. Water is in dynamic equilibrium between the liquid and solid phases under standard pressure and temperature.
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According to the Neonatal Resuscitation Program 8th Edition
Ideally, how quickly should the intubation procedure be completed?
A. 30 seconds
B. 40 seconds
C. 60 seconds
D. 90 seconds
The intubation process must be finished in less than 60 seconds. Hence, Option C is correct
Intubation should be finished within 60 seconds, according to the Neonatal Resuscitation Program 8th Edition. This is because intubation—a crucial step in resuscitating an infant—may be compromised by delays of more than 60 seconds. Additionally, the infant's oxygenation and breathing status may be impacted by a delay in intubation. Since time is of the essence, it is crucial that the intubation operation be finished as soon as possible. The new version offers a cutting-edge curriculum that consists of two types of NRP providers, two recommended instructor-led Provider Course forms, RQI® for NRP®, and a number of major practice modifications for patient safety and educational efficacy.Learn more about Intubation Procedure:
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All forensic autopsies reveal important information about specific crimes.
True
False
Answer: False
Explanation: While forensic autopsies reveal important information about specific crimes, this is a generalization and not always true. In fact, some autopsies can be incorrect or incomplete and the pathologist may need to wait for lab results to determine cause of death.
Forensic autopsy is an examination of a deceased body to establish the cause and manner of death and to gather evidence that could be useful in a criminal investigation. The primary purpose of forensic autopsy is to provide factual information to support the investigation and prosecution of crimes. This process can identify injuries or marks on the body that may indicate signs of abuse or homicide, or any foreign object or substance that could have caused harm to the person.
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Use a Punnet square to predict the results of a dihybrid cross and state phenotype and genotype ratios of F2 generation.
In a dihybrid cross between two parents who are homozygous for both features, the average phenotypic ratio for the F2 generation is 9:3:3:1.
How can you predict genotypes and phenotypes using Punnett squares?The alleles of the other parent are put over the top of the Punnett square, and the potential allele pairs for one parent are printed down the left side of the table.
What is the dihybrid cross' genotypic to phenotypic ratio?In the traditional Mendel experiment, the dihybrid cross's phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. In this instance, the two allelic pairs assort into the gametes independently. The genotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross is 1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1.
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About how much solar energy does the earth absorb when compared to the total amount that hits it?
O 25%
O 50%
O 75%
O 100%
Answer:
25%
Explanation:
3. What is the relationship between muscle fatigue and cellular respiration?
What are the structures that make up a DNA molecule and where does your body get all
the molecules and compounds needed to make DNA structures in all of your body cells?
Explain.
how is energy lost in a food chain?
Answer:
90
Explanation:
Not all the energy is passed from one level of the food chain to the next. About 90 per cent of energy may be lost as heat (released during respiration), through movement, or in materials that the consumer does not digest. The energy stored in undigested materials can be transferred to decomposers.
Answer:
Energy can be lost in a multitude of ways in a food chain. 90% of energy is usually lost either in the form of heat, through movement while using energy, or materials that are not entirely consumed by the consumer.
Explanation:
Only about 10% of energy is retained after a consumer eats a lower level on the food chain. Further explained, heat is released during respiration, which is essentially energy being lost.
Animals also have metabolism and growth, which require energy of their own. So, not all energy in a food chain can be retained for the animals to use.
What are the main components of the phosphorus cycle?
The main components of the phosphorus cycle include: Phosphorus in the soil, Phosphorus in plants, Phosphorus in animals, Phosphorus in detritus, Phosphorus in water, and Human Activity.
The phosphorus cycle is the process by which phosphorus moves through the environment, including the biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.
1. Phosphorus in the soil: Phosphorus is present in the soil in the form of inorganic phosphates, which can be taken up by plants.
2. Phosphorus in plants: Plants absorb phosphorus from the soil and use it to build nucleic acids, ATP, and phospholipids.
3. Phosphorus in animals: Animals obtain phosphorus by consuming plants or other animals. Phosphorus is an essential component of many biomolecules in animals, including DNA, RNA, ATP, and phospholipids.
4. Phosphorus in detritus: Dead plants and animals are broken down by decomposers, releasing phosphorus back into the soil.
5. Phosphorus in water: Phosphorus can also be present in water as dissolved phosphates. These can be taken up by aquatic plants, and eventually make their way back into the soil via sedimentation.
6. Human activity: Human activities such as mining, agriculture, and waste disposal can also affect the phosphorus cycle. For example, mining of phosphates for fertilizers can remove large amounts of phosphorus from the soil, while agricultural runoff can introduce excess phosphorus into waterways.
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Hydrophobic substances like salad oil are:
Answer: Molecules that are nonpolar and resist water molecules.
Explanation:
Hydrophobic substance like salad oils are the molecules that are nonpolar and resist water molecules.
Carbon and hydrogen atoms, which exchange electrons almost evenly and form nonpolar covalent bonds, make up the majority of the atoms in salad oil. Hydrophobic substances are those that lack an affinity for water while having a lot of nonpolar connections and being nonpolar ("water-fearing"). Because polar bonds cause atoms to have partial charges, substances that possess polar bonds are hydrophilic, or "loving water." For instance, the oxygen atom in a water molecule can create a hydrogen bond with a hydrogen atom that has a partial positive charge on it.
For More Knowledge
What classes might you take in high school to get prepared if you wanted to be a forensic pathologist or forensic anthropologist?
chemistry, biology, physics, statistics and calculus
Which of the following statement is true regarding natural selection?ANatural selection may lead to evolution.BDifferences in reproduction and survival are due to variation among organisms.CThe initial population varies in many traits. Individuals have one version of some traits.DAll of the above.
Option d is Correct. Darwin introduced the concept of natural selection (survival of the fittest). This hypothesis contends that more people are created with each passing generation, and they fight for survival.
Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable; those individuals with heritable traits that are better suited to the environment will survive and reproduce. Those individuals that can inherit the adaptations according to the change in the environment will survive, and the rest will die.
Differential reproduction is what is done in this situation. At the time of reproductive isolation, new species (evolution) will develop. Natural selection is demonstrated by the industrial revolution in the black peppered moth.
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Which of the following would be an example of hydromodification?
fishing in a stream
adding new fish to a stream
constructing a dam
using water from a reservoir
An example of hydromodification would be constructing a dam (option C).
What is hydromodification?Hydromodification is the alteration of the hydrologic characteristics of bodies of water i.e. the the natural flow of water through a landscape, and often takes the form of channel modification or channelization.
Hydromodification is one of the leading sources of impairment in streams, lakes, estuaries, aquifers, and other water bodies.
Hydromodification activities such as channelization and channel modification, dams, and streambank and shoreline erosion control structures change a water body's physical structure as well as its natural function.
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The toxic buildup of waste products in the bloodstream is a condition known as nephritis.truefalse
The statement "The toxic buildup of waste products in the bloodstream is a condition known as nephritis" is false. The toxic buildup of waste products in the bloodstream is a condition known as uremia.
Nephritis is а set of diseаses thаt cаuse inflаmmаtion of the renаl glomeruli, which аre kidney structures responsible for eliminаting toxins аnd other components of the body, such аs wаter аnd minerаls. In these cаses the kidney hаs less аbility to filter the blood.
Bаsed on this, we cаn stаte thаt the stаtement mаde in the аbove question is fаlse since nephritis does not refer to the toxic аccumulаtion of wаste products in the bloodstreаm, аlthough this is а consequence of nephritis.
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Which statement correctly describes the mesosphere? (1 point) O The Northern Lights are visible in this layer. Atmospheric changes in this layer cause weather at Earth's surface. O Commercial airplanes fly through this layer. O Meteors burn up in this layer to create shooting stars.
Answer:
Meteors burn up in this layer to create shooting stars.
Explanation:
The mesosphere is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is located between the stratosphere and the thermosphere. It is the layer where most meteors burn up upon entering the Earth's atmosphere, creating shooting stars. The mesosphere is located at an altitude of about 50 to 85 kilometers above the Earth's surface. The layer is relatively thin and has low temperatures, and thus, it does not have much weather-related activity. The Northern lights are visible in the thermosphere, not in the mesosphere. Commercial airplanes fly through the lower layers such as the stratosphere, not the mesosphere.
Is natural selection a biological concept?
Yes, "natural selection" is a biological concept that defines how changes occur over time in the genetic characteristics of a species.
Natural selection describes how the genetic characteristics of a species may change over time, leading to speciation, and the formation of a diverse new species.
Natural selection is an effective notion for understanding the evolution of life that is accepted as a scientific theory. Biologists have found several examples of natural selection affecting evolution. It is now understood to be one of the ways through which life evolves.
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ID # the structure(s) below that are:
CARBOHYDRATES
SATURATED FATTY ACID
POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN
Below that are one or more polypeptide chain-like structures. An arrangement of amino acids joined covalently by peptide bonds is referred to as a polypeptide chain.
What are polypeptides and what do they do?Polypeptides. Proteins are created by joining several amino acids together to form polypeptides. The bonding connecting two or more protein subunits results in the formation of proteins, after which they are folded into the appropriate shape. Backbone usually accomplished it easiest to see the chain architectures of proteins.
What components make up a polypeptide chain?An linear polymer chain comprising amino acids joined it together with peptide bonds is referred to as a polypeptide. A peptide bond creates an amide by joining the functional group of one antibody to the carboxyl groups of the following amino acid.
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What will happen to the rate of photosynthesis if the light intensity is increased?
A) It will be higher.
B) It will be lower.
C) It will be the same.
It will be higher (A)
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process of plants making food (glucose) using light therefore more light = more food
Hope this helps !
summarize how tropism demonstrates a plant’s response to external stimuli.
Tropism can be defined as the movement of plants in response to an external stimuli.
Tropism is a term which is used to describe how a particular plant responds to an external stimuli by growing, turning or moving towards or away from it. When the movement of plant is towards the stimulus, it is known as positive tropism and when the movement is away from the stimulus it is known as negative tropism.
For example, phototropism is the movement of a part of the plant in response to light. When the movement of plant occurs towards the light, it is known as positive phototropism and when it occurs away from it, it is known as negative phototropism.
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Non-example of Respiration
By what reproductive mechanism does a haplontic animal grow?
A. initially by meiosis, then by mitosis
B. completely by mitosis
C. initially mitosis, then meiosis
D. completely by meiosis
Answer:
B. completely by mitosis
Explanation:
Answer: I think A.initially by meiosis, then by mitosis
Explanation: i hope this helps<3
Antiviral drugs may target the following except
A. uncoating.
B. nucleic acid synthesis.
C. viral assembly.
D. viral ribosomes.
E. uncoating, nucleic acid synthesis AND viral assembly.
Answer: A.
Explanation: Because Antiviral drugs DOES NOT target other peoples bodies.
Biological activities of leaf extracts from selectedKalanchoespecies and their relationship with bufadienolides content
Cancer and bacterial infections may be treated using ethanol extract from Kalanchoe blossfeldiana.
What do plants do biologically?Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic benefits are just a few of the beneficial impacts that phytochemicals' biological activity has been shown to have.
What exactly is a biological activity test?Bioassays often look at how an entire animal, a tissue or cell line isolated from other animals, or an organism reacts to the substance in order to assess the bioactivity of an extract (or medicine, chemical, or pollutant).
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The period of cell growth and development between mitotic divisions?
The period of cell growth and development between mitotic divisions is interphase.
Аctively dividing eukаryote cells pаss through а series of stаges known collectively аs the cell cycle: two gаp phаses (G1 аnd G2); аn S (for synthesis) phаse, in which the genetic mаteriаl is duplicаted; аnd аn M phаse, in which mitosis pаrtitions the genetic mаteriаl аnd the cell divides.
G1 phаse. Metаbolic chаnges prepаre the cell for division. Аt а certаin point - the restriction point - the cell is committed to division аnd moves into the S phаse.S phаse. DNА synthesis replicаtes the genetic mаteriаl. Eаch chromosome now consists of two sister chromаtids.G2 phаse. Metаbolic chаnges аssemble the cytoplаsmic mаteriаls necessаry for mitosis аnd cytokinesis.M phаse. А nucleаr division (mitosis) followed by а cell division (cytokinesis).The period between mitotic divisions - thаt is, G1, S аnd G2 - is known аs interphаse.For more information about mitotic divisions refers to the link: https://brainly.com/question/14259315
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