A virus is an infectious microbe that consists of a segment of nucleic acid (or DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. A virus cannot reproduce itself; Instead, it must infect cells and use components of the host cell to make copies of itself.
Capsid - A capsid is a protein shell surrounding a nucleic acid; together with the enclosed nucleic acid, it is called a nucleocapsid. This coat consists of proteins organized into subunits called capsomeres.
The virus is an infectious particle that reproduces by "commanding" the host cell and uses its machinery to produce more viruses. A virus consists of a DNA or RNA genome in a protein shell called a capsid.
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What is the function of the sporangium? question 11 options: a) passes characteristics from one generation to the next b) forms haploid cells through mitosis c) protects the mature gametes d) protects the developing mother spore cells
Answer:
D) Protects the developing mother spore cells
Explanation:
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, which are haploid structures made by organisms, aid in the germination and formation of new organisms.
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, haploid structures produced by organisms, aid in germination and the development of new species. They assist in the process of reproduction, in other words. What does it actually imply that they are haploid, though? Simply said, it indicates that there are just half the chromosomes needed to create a complete diploid creature. The sporangia can divide through mitosis, or cell division, to manufacture and release spores.
A single, potentially complex morphologically produced sporangium is produced by an unbranched sporophyte in mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. The majority of ferns, many lycophytes, and non-vascular plants are homosporous (only one kind of spore is produced). Some ferns, the majority of lycophytes, and some bryophytes are heterosporous (two kinds of spores are produced). These plants generate gametophytes that are functionally male or female, respectively, by the development of microspores and megaspores. Occasionally, two types of spores are generated in the same sporangium and may even form a spore tetrad together.
Microsporangia and megasporangia, two different types of sporangia, are present in the majority of heterosporous plants. All seed plants, as well as a few ferns (Salviniaceae and Marsileaceae), some lycophytes (genera Selaginella and Isoetes, as well as the extinct lepidodendrids), are heterosporous with two types of sporangia.
Sporangia can grow near the terminals of stems, along their sides, or in close proximity to leaves. In ferns, sporangia are often located on the abaxial surface of the leaf, or the underside, where they are tightly grouped into clusters called sori. An indusium, a type of structure, could be present across Sori. The sporangia of certain ferns are dispersed along with the shortened leaf segments or along (or just in from) the leaf edge.
The sporangium has an indirect involvement in sexual reproduction and an active part in asexual reproduction in several phyla of fungus. The sporangium, which has haploid nuclei and cytoplasm, develops on the sporangiophore. Each haploid nucleus and cytoplasm are encased in a hard outer membrane as the spores develop in the sporangiophore. These spores spread by wind during asexual reproduction and develop into haploid hyphae.
Although sexual reproduction in fungus differs between phyla, the sporangium indirectly contributes to sexual reproduction in some fungi. When two haploid hyphae from different individuals combine to produce a zygosporangium in response to adverse circumstances, sexual reproduction takes place in Zygomycota. The zygosporangium's haploid nuclei subsequently combine to form diploid nuclei.
When the environment is more favorable, the zygosporangium germinates, goes through meiosis, and develops into a sporangium that releases spores.
As filtrate moves through the ______________in mammals, it generally undergoes a dramatic decrease in osmolarity.
As filtrate moves through the Ascending segment of the loop of Henle in mammals, it generally undergoes a dramatic decrease in osmolarity.
The ascending limb of the loop of henle is direct continuation from descending limb of henle, one of the structure in the nephron of the kidney.This segment of ascending limb has thin and thick segment.
The descending loop leads to sharp bend, in which ascending loop continues.This loop has thin and thick portion. Thick ascending limb is called distal straight tube. Thin-segment is permeable to ions and impermeable water.25% of sodium and potassium is absorb by the wall of ascending limb of the loop of henle.
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Evolutionary divergence in directions of high phenotypic variance in the ostracode genus Poseidonamicus
Evolutionary divergence in directions of high phenotypic variance in the ostracode genus Poseidonamicus to reconstruct in great detail the evolutionary history of a set of landmark-based morphometric characters.
Phenotypic varianceIn most cases, phenotypic variance mixes environmental and genotypic variance. There are three main types of genetic variance: additive genetic variance, dominance variance, and epistatic variance. The inheritance of a specific allele from a parent and this allele's independent impact on a particular phenotypic are both examples of additive genetic variance, which results in a departure of the phenotype from the mean phenotype. The phenotype variation brought on by interactions between different alleles controlling the same trait at a single locus is referred to as dominance genetic variance. Different alleles at various loci interact to produce epistatic variation.
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The ______ function shall suspend execution of the calling thread until status information for one of the terminated child processes of the calling process is available
The wait function will suspend execution of the calling thread until status information for one of its terminated child processes is available.
The wait function will suspend execution of the calling thread until status information for one of its terminated child processes is available, or until delivery of a signal whose action is either to execute a signal-catching function or to terminate the process.Until one of its child processes ends or a signal is received, a call to wait() pauses the caller process. Parent process continues to run after wait system call command after child process exits.Child process may terminate due to any of these:From main, it calls exit() and returns (an int).When a signal is received (by the OS or another process), its default response is to terminate.learn more about Child process here: https://brainly.com/question/17925458
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Animals with deuterostome development, bilateral symmetry as larvae, and five-part radial symmetry as adults are called?
Animals with deuterostome development, bilateral symmetry as larvae, and five-part radial symmetry as adults are called Echinoderms.
An echinoderm is any member of the phylum Echinodermata. The adults are recognizable by way of their (generally five-factor) radial symmetry, and encompass starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, in addition to the ocean lilies or "stone lilies".
Person echinoderms are found on the sea mattress at every ocean depth, from the intertidal quarter to the abyssal zone. The phylum incorporates about 7,000 dwelling species, making it the second-biggest grouping of deuterostomes, after the chordates. Echinoderms are the biggest completely marine phylum. The primary definitive echinoderms seemed close to the beginning of the Cambrian.
The echinoderms are critical both ecologically and geologically. Ecologically, there are few other groupings so plentiful inside the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as shallower oceans. Most echinoderms are capable of reproducing asexually and regenerating tissue, organs, and limbs; in a few cases, they are able to undergo entire regeneration from a single limb.
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In the energy payoff phase of glycolysis, both atp and nadh are formed. What purpose do each of these molecules serve in the cell?
NADH (the reduced form of NAD+) acts to transfer electrons between chemical reactions, whereas ATP is the energy coin of the cell.
What is Adenosine triphosphate?Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy coin of the cell that serves to perform different metabolic functions in the cell which include, among others, growth, reproduction, etc.
Moreover, the reduced form of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an electron carrier molecule that is used during cellular respiration to transfer electrons from one molecule to another.
In conclusion, NADH (the reduced form of NAD+) acts to transfer electrons between chemical reactions, whereas ATP is the energy coin of the cell.
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The summary measure that is computed to describe a characteristic from only a sample of the population is called:_______
The summary measure that is computed to describe a characteristic from only a sample of the population is called statistics.
Statistics is the study and manipulation of data, including data collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation methods. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics are the two main subfields of statistics.
Different levels of statistics communication are possible, from non-numerical descriptor (nominal-level) to numerical with reference to a zero-point (ratio-level). To gather statistical data, a variety of sampling methods can be utilised, including basic random, systematic, stratified, or cluster sampling.
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Non-primates have fewer digits (i.e. fingers and toes) compared to primates in order to:______.
a. climb more efficiently.
b. manipulate objects.
c. run faster.
d. have a finer sense of touch.
c. run faster is the correct option
Primates have large brains and dexterous limbs. Non-primates have small brains and inflexible limbs. The main differences between primates and non-primates are the size of the brain and the flexibility of the limbs.
Humans are primates and are a diverse group containing about 200 species. Monkeys, lemurs, and apes are our cousins, and we have all evolved from a common ancestor over the last 60 million years.
Primates: Humans, apes, monkeys, chimpanzees, gorillas, baboons, and orangutans are examples of primates.
Non-primates: Birds, reptiles, amphibians, and some mammals are not primates.
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Oceans are a source of food with approximately _____________________ pounds of fish and shellfish caught annually.
Oceans are a source of food with approximately 200 billion pounds of fish and shellfish caught annually.
The provisioning service of food from capture fisheries and culturing activities is one of the primary services offered by the oceans to human societies. Fish, invertebrates, plants, and, in some cultures, marine animals and seabirds for direct eating or as food for aquaculture or agriculture are all included in this.
The ocean makes a much less overall contribution to the world's food supply. Despite making up 71 percent of Earth's area, the oceans only provide 2 percent of the world's caloric food supply. Without counting the billions of fish raised in aquaculture, it has been estimated that between 0.97 and 2.7 trillion fish are killed each year around the world when they are taken in the wild.
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Increasing the _____ would allow you to tell if what appears as one object is really two objects very near each other.
If two objects very are near each other, increasing pressure leads the body to join and compressed each other.
What happens if pressure is increase on two objects?Increasing the pressure, the two bodies join and compressed each other as two objects are very near each other because both objects are in contact with each other. If the pressure gets higher deformation of shape to occur due to compression. Pressure is the force which acts on the objects whereas in this situation, pressure is applied on two objects from the outside.
So we can conclude that if two objects very near each other, increasing pressure leads the body to join and compressed each other.
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Which condition is characterized by a blowing or clicking sound?
The condition that is characterized by a blowing or clicking sound is heart murmur.
What is heart murmur?Heart murmur is defined as the abnormal sound made by the heart when blood flows through the heart abnormally.
The clinical features of heart murmur include:
Chest pain.Cough that doesn't go away.Dizziness.Swollen liver.The characteristics of heart murmur is that it has a blowing and clicking sound.
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Describe and explain the intelligence cycle steps. Is one step in the intelligence cycle more significant or more important than others? explain why?
Intelligence cycle is the process of active collaboration which develop information for policy making and action.There are six steps of the cycle - Requirements, Planning, and direction, collection, processing and exploitation , analysis and production and dissemination.
Requirement - Those questions which expected to includes in contribution.Planning and direction - Is the management and identifying the need for data to delivering.collection- Its a collection of information needed to produce intelligence.processing- Working of data processing
analysis and production- It includes analysis of data and preparing for intelligence product.The intelligence collection process and the intelligence analytic process not only operate.They are independent from each other which is a major problem. It helps
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Cold water is ________ than warm water and salty water is ________ than fresh water.
A mutant strain of e. coli produces βâgalactosidase in the presence and in the absence of lactose. where in the operon might the mutation in this strain occur, and why?
The mutation might occur in the operator region, thereby altering its ability to bind the repressor of Escherichia coli.
What is the operator region?The operator region is a nucleotide DNA sequence that plays regulatory functions capable of binding both activators and inhibitors.
The operator region is located in the operon, which is a cluster/group of different genes modulated by only one promoter region.
In conclusion, the mutation might occur in the operator region, thereby altering its ability to bind the repressor of Escherichia coli.
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3. Explain how mitosis results in genetically identical cells, using the terms chromosome, chromatid, and chromatin
What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes during mitosis?
Chromatin condensation causes the development of metaphase chromosomes, which are made up of two identical sister chromatids, as the cell enters mitosis. The centromere, which is a congested chromosomal area, is what holds these sister chromatids together.How do chromosomes duplicate during mitosis?
During telophase, the newly separated chromosomes reach the mitotic spindle and a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, thus creating two separate nuclei inside the same cell.
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How does a tendon sheath differ from a bursa?
You are unable to collect capillary blood from the finger of a child who has cold hands that appear bluish. What term is used to describe the color of this child's skin in the documentation of failure to collect a specimen
Cyanotic is the term used to describe the colour of the child's skin in the documentation of failure to collect a specimen.
Cyanosis is characterized by a shift in the colour of human tissues to a bluish-purple tone. This colour change occurs as a consequence of reduced levels of oxygen being attached to the haemoglobin in the RBCs of the capillary bed. The lips, mucous membranes, nail beds, and ear lobes are among the most common areas on the body to exhibit cyanosis as these areas have thinner layers of skin than other parts of the body. In addition to cyanosis, a bluish discolouration of the skin tissue can be caused due to the consumption of food products with blue or purple dyes.
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An Allele is best described as:
An allele is best described as the alternative form of a gene.
What is an allele?In genetics or cytology, an allele is one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.
Genes, according to Gregor Mendel, usually comes in pairs e.g. gene coding for height can be denoted by Tt. The allele represent a member of the gene that encodes a particular trait.
Therefore, an allele is best described as the alternative form of a gene.
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The cell organelle that digests molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances is the ____
The cell organelle that digests molecules, old organelles, and foreign substances is the lysosomes.
Every eukaryotic cell has membrane-bound organelles called lysosomes. They are well-known as terminal catabolic stations that eliminate waste from cells and scavenge metabolic raw materials to maintain vital biosynthetic reactions under famine.An animal cell's organelle recycling facility, the lysosome is an organelle that houses digestive enzymes. It disassembles dated and pointless structures so that their molecules can be recycled. Some vesicles that exit the Golgi are directed toward the lysosome, which is a component of the endomembrane system.The hydrolase enzymes of the lysosome, a membrane-bound vesicle, break down aged organelles and proteins into smaller molecules like amino acids.learn more about lysosomes here: https://brainly.com/question/5534167
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Many emerging adults want to engage in sexual activity but know that they are not emotionally ready to be parents. their solution is:_________
Many emerging adults want to engage in sexual activity but know that they are not emotionally ready to be parents. their solution is: Contraception
The practice of preventing conception is known as birth control or contraception. Medication, procedures, technology, and behavior are examples of methods.Barrier techniques, like condoms, are a type of contraception that aid in preventing both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STIs). No matter what alternative method of birth control you use, you should still use condoms to safeguard your partner's and your own sexual health.the following are the types of contraceptives:
The contraceptive implant, contraceptive injection, emergency contraception pill (the "morning after" pill), contraceptive ring, intrauterine device (IUD), condom, oral contraceptive pill, contraceptive implant, contraceptive injection, and contraceptive implant.
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The region of supply of food is called
A) Source B) Munch C) Sink D) Area of utilization
Answer:
Answer is Area of utilization
Explanation:
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Over time, individuals in hot, arid environments will develop more sensitive forms of sweat glands resulting in the production of more sweat.
Answer: True
Explanation:
The main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is?
The main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is saturated fat.
What about saturated fat?Because they increase the amount of LDL cholesterol in our blood, saturated fats, sometimes known as "bad fats," increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders (including heart disease and stroke). Cholesterol that is circulated in the blood. The majority of this cholesterol is produced by the body, however some is also absorbed from the meals you eat. Even if they include fat, foods derived from plants never contain cholesterol.Only foods from animals do. Low density lipoproteins are able to transport cholesterol. Dietary fat, particularly saturated and trans fats, may increase LDL and total cholesterol levels in the blood. Blood cholesterol levels may be lowered by substituting polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats, particularly olive and canola oil, for some saturated fats.When we consume too much saturated fat, the receptors stop functioning as effectively, and blood cholesterol levels rise.Learn more about saturated fat here:
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write any two difference between haploid cell and diploid cell.
Answer:
Explanation:
A diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes (one each from the male parent and female parent).
A haploid cell has only one set of chromosomes.
The haploid generation gives birth to plants with diploid cells.
________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.
Answer:
Anemic Hypoxia.
Explanation:
As per the definition of this condition:
"Anemic hypoxia occurs when the oxygen carrying ability of the blood decreases, and thus, this defect is specifically associated with the blood. This implies that fewer hemoglobin molecules (or oxygen-binding sites) are available for binding oxygen."
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The spinal cord contains ascending and descending nerve fibers that send information between the cns and the periphery. This illustrates which function of the spinal cord?.
The spinal cord contains ascending and descending nerve fibres that send information between the CNS and the periphery. This illustrates the conduction function of the spinal cord.
The bony components of the vertebral column serve to shield the spinal cord, which is a component of the central nervous system (CNS) and which spans from the head to the tail of the body. It is protected by the three membranes that make up the central nervous system, which are the pia mater, the arachnoid, and the dura mater.
The spinal cord contains the descending and ascending nerve fibres. The spinal cord is an important component of both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. It is connected to the rest of the nervous system by a network of 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which are responsible for carrying sensory information. These nerves go up the spinal cord or through the medulla oblongata to reach the subcortical nuclei, where they form synaptic connections.
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Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell? group of answer choices ribosomes around organelles plasma membrane flagella b and c
Answer: plasma membrane
Explanation:
Progesterone has a total of _____ aldehyde functional group(s) and _____ ketone group(s).
Progesterone has a total of 3 aldehyde functional groups and 2 functional ketone groups.
What is Progesterone?Progesterone is a naturally occurring substances in the human body that is involved with the metabolic pathways of testosterone and they are referred to as endogenous steroid.
It is also a progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.
Progesterone is the most important progestogen in the human body.
One of the major functions of progesterone is that it helps thicken the lining of the uterus each month.
The thickened endometrial lining is made ready to receive and nourish a fertilized egg.
Should pregnancy occur, progesterone is produced in the placenta and levels remain elevated throughout the pregnancy.
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which two pieces of evidence would support the idea that Pangaea once existed?
Answer:
a & c
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With the consumption of the third brownie you gain a marginal utility of ___ utils.
With the consumption of third brownie we gain a marginal utility of 5 utils.
In economics, the term marginal utility means that the additional or extra benefit that a customer gets from buying an extra unit of the service. This is used by economists to evaluate and determine the rate of selling of a specific product by the consumer.
During 19th century, the concept of Marginal utility was grew by economists to analyze and explain the fundamental economic reality of price. The standard rule for marginal utility is:
Marginal utility= total utility difference/ quantity of goods difference.
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