At the zoo, Anya observes that individuals of a certain kangaroo species have slightly different sizes and colors. What characteristic of populations is Anya observing?

O adaptation
O evolution
O selection
O variation

The location of an allele on a homologous chromosome is the same, but the allele information may be different

For genes with the same corresponding loci, homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs that are roughly the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern. The organism inherits one homologous chromosome from its mother and the other from its father.

The same genes are found in the same places all along the length of homologous chromosomes, which are paired together. A diploid organism has a full set of chromosomes since each homologous chromosome is inherited in one copy from each parent. A homologous set of chromosomes are identical in size and form and are highly similar to one another.

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Blood pressure drops excessive they sit or stand up which condition called  or postural hypo-tension.Orthostatic hypotension which is also called postural hypotenmnsion.

Orthoostatic hypotension caan caused dizziness or lightheadedness hypotension which is a form of low blood pressure that can happens when standing after sitting or lying down.But in some cases people with high blood pressure may have a pounding feeling in their head or cheat a feeling of lightheartedness.

Dizziness and nausea people feeling lightheaded enough to faint or notice cold, clammy skin, blurry vision, or chest pain.Dizziness or light headedness when standing occurs in about 20% of old people.

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The bone marrow begins producing cells in the fourth month of fetal life.

Hematopoiesis establishes in the marrow and grows there until, at term. This process starts in the late first trimester when the bones are large enough to contain marrow cavities. Hematopoiesis can move outside of the bone marrow  to various organs under conditions of prenatal and neonatal stress.

Between the bone spicules are the hematopoietic components. Both sinusoids and a robust circulatory network are present in the marrow. Pluripotent stem cells are the progenitor cells that give rise to all hematopoietic components and lymphoid cells.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

The force that is shown by the muscular strength of the fiqure skater is the gravitational force.

The solar system is composed of the sun and the planets. The sun is at the center of the solar system and it is surrounded by the planets. There are nine planets that surround the sun in the solar system and the planets move round the sun in concentric orbits.

We know that the solar system is held together by the gravitational force that acts between the sun and the planets. This is why the solar system is said to  be heliocentric.

Coming back to our analogy in the question, the skater is being used as a model for understanding the solar system. Thus, the force that is shown by the muscular strength of the fiqure skater is the gravitational force.

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Answer:

Immune tolerance

Explanation:

S. pyogenes causes Strep throat, Varicella zoster causes varicella, Papillomavirus causes HPV, E. faecium cause urinary tract infection B. burgdorferi causes Lyme disease and B. pertussis causes Pertussis.

Bordetella pertussis is a  bacteria from the genus Bordetella that causes a respiratory disease known as Pertussis.

Moreover, Bordetella burgdorferi is another bacteria from genus Bordetella that causes Lyme disease, an illness whose symptoms include fever and fatigue.

In conclusion, Streptococcus pyogenes causes Strep throat, Varicella zoster causes varicella, Papillomavirus causes HPV, Enterococcus faecium cause urinary tract infection Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease and Bordetella pertussis causes Pertussis.

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According to the research, humans infected with Brucella species develop brucellosis characterized by fever, muscle aches, and headache.

It is a bacterial and infectious disease caused by bacteria of the brucella genus whose reservoir of this bacterium are animals and, mainly, cows, sheep, goats and pigs.

The most frequent is the appearance of general symptoms, among which fever, chills, muscle aches, among others, predominate.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, humans infected with Brucella species develop brucellosis characterized by fever, muscle aches, and headache.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The articulating surfaces of fibrous joints are kept together by thick regular connective tissue.

If more water is entering a human red blood cell than exiting it, then the cell is surrounded by a hypotonic solution.

A hypotonic solution can be defined as any solution or media where the content of solute  (eg., glucose molecules, saccharose, etc) is lower than the solute concentration in the cell.

Conversely, a hypertonic solution can be defined as any solution or media where the content of solute is higher than the solute concentration in the cell.

In conclusion, if more water is entering a human red blood cell than exiting it, then the cell is surrounded by a hypotonic solution.

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The middle stone age and the later stone age corresponds to the middle and the late pleistocene.

Cultural evolution during the middle and the late pleistocene :-

In southwestern Asia as well as northern and southern Africa, personal ornaments in the form of perforated seashells are recorded from the early Late Pleistocene. In the Old World, Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans are linked to a range of personal ornamentation by about 40,000 years ago (Ka). These include fully created ornaments as well as organically modified things. The appearance of figurative art, mythical imagery, and other types of items, like as musical instruments, at various times in history suggest that completely modern behavior began to emerge more gradually towards the middle of the Late Pleistocene and most definitely no later than 40 Ka. Many, but not all, of the lengthy and rigorous history of study might well have helped to the relevant data come from Europe.

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Answer:

Metaphase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if we see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids.

Hope its helpful!

Meiosis II prophase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids

There are four crucial processes that take place during prophase II of meiosis II. These include chromatin condensation into chromosomes, thinning of the nuclear envelope, centrosome movement to either pole and re-building of the spindle apparatus. Centrosomes do not exist in every cell, though.

Both of the daughter cells that were created during meiosis I go through meiosis II. The process of cell division starts right away because DNA replication does not occur during this second meiotic stage. Prophase II sets up the cell for meiosis II, which results in the production of four haploid cells, each of which has half the genetic material that was previously present in the original, duplicated diploid cell.

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There is a 50%  probability that the son is red-green colorblind and 50% chance that the sons do not have the gene and will be healthy. There is a 50% chance that a son will inherit the gene and show the trait or disorder.

Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans and in this a person cannot distinguish between red and green color but their eye sight is normal. However, males are affected more than females, because the gene is present on the X chromosome. So there is a 50% chance that the son is colorblind. Males are affected more  than females because the gene is located on the X chromosome.

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The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis depends on DNA polymerase: option A.

DNA synthesis is the process by which new DNA is made from template DNA.

During DNA synthesis, the enzyme DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the leading DNA strand from the 3"  end.

Note that the complete question is as follows:

Which is true about the elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis?

In conclusion, the elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis involves attachment of nucleotides at the 3" end.

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The said lateral cervical vertebral projection was obtained with the head and upper cervical vertebrae tilted toward the IR.

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The cell types that are associated with the alveoli of the lungs are Type 1 pneumocytes, Type 2 pneumocytes and Alveolar macrophages.

Each alveolus has three types of cell i.e. Type 1 pneumocytes, Type 2 pneumocytes and macrophages. These cells perform function of respiration in the lungs.

So we can conclude that the cell types that are associated with the alveoli of the lungs are Type 1 pneumocytes, Type 2 pneumocytes and Alveolar macrophages.

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Foliation is much better developed in most schists and gneiss than in most quartzites and marbles.

The major contrast between schist and gneiss is that schist is made of mudstone or shale, whereas gneiss is made of micas, chlorite, or other platy minerals. While Marble and quartzite the major difference is that marble is composed of calcite whereas quartzite is composed of quartz.

Schist is identified by its flat and large sheet-like grains it also has flat and elongated minerals such as talc or micas. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock formed by changing schist, granite, or volcanic rocks through intense heat and pressure. Gneiss is foliated, which means that it has layers of lighter and darker minerals.

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Genomic imprint is the inactivation or silencing of one allele while the other one is still expressed. Option D). Only the maternal gene for wing direction is being expressed due to genomic imprinting.

Genomic imprint or allele inactivation is the process through which one of the alleles of a gene (the one coming from the mother or the father) is suppressed, and only the other allele can be expressed.

This is not a mutation but a silencing effect due to other external factors. The unequal functional paternal and maternal genomes characterize the Genomic imprint pattern.

In the exposed example, Males' chromosomes are inactive or imprinted and have a different function from those females' chromosomes.

This is a common pattern in some mammals, insects, and angiosperms. The paternal allele can not be expressed, which causes an unequal contribution to the phenotype of the progeny.

Available data:

1st cross:

Parentals) wdir wdir female (backward) x wdir- wdir- male (forward)

F1) 100% wdir wdir- (backward)

2nd cross:

Parentals) wdir wdir male (backward) x wdir- wdir- female (forward)

F1) 100% wdir wdir- (forward)

In both cases, the offspring is heterozygous for the trait but expresses the female's phenotype.

Only the maternal gene for wing direction is being expressed due to genomic imprinting that silences the paternal gene during gamete formation. Option D) is correct.

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You have stumbled on a new species of fly (order Diptera), and being a geneticist, you have already deritifled a few genes and observed an unusual phenotypic inheritance pattern.

You have noticed that some flies have wings pointing forward and other flies have wings pointing backward. Digging in a bit deeper, you discover that the gene wing direction (Wdir) will controls which direction the wings point, and that

How would you account for this bizarre genotype phenotype relationship?

Multiple Choice

a) Wing direction exhibits codominance where both phenotypes are represented equally

b) The wdir gene is pleiotropic and affects multiple characteristics of the offspring causing the strange genotype phenotype relationship

c) Wings direction is affected by something in the environment and is therefore an epgenetic trail

d) Only the maternal gene for wing direction is being expressed due to genomic imprinting that silences the paternal gene during gamete formation

e) Wing direction is obeying Mendes tws of independent assortment and segregation, therefore there is a 50/50 chance that wings will taco forward or backward in each offspring.

Metabolic acidosis is when the kidneys produce too much hydrogen or retain too much hydrogen which leads to an increase in carbonic acid production. Or the kidneys excrete too much base.

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The innate ability of cells to self-destruct is a part of a physiological process known as programmed cell death.

Programmed cell death (PCD) is the destruction of a cell caused by intracellular processes, such as apoptosis or autophagy. PCD is carried out through a biological mechanism, which often confers advantage during the lifecycle of an organism. For instance, the differentiating of fingers and toes in a growing human embryo is caused by the apoptosis of cells between the fingers, resulting in the separation of the digits. PCD fulfils key tasks during the development of plant and animal tissues. Necrosis is the death of a cell triggered by external forces, such as trauma or infection, and it manifests in various ways.

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During cardiac arrest the AHA direct healthcare providers obtain 12-leads ECG immediately after the return of spontaneous circulation to identify those patients with ST- segment myocardial infarction or new or presumably new bundle branch block.

12-leas electrocardiography use which perform to diagnose ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. It is a medical test that recorded using leads or nodes which attached to the body. Vasopressin should be effective in patients of cardiac arrest after the treatment.

ECGs captured the electrical activity of heart and transfer it to graphed paper. Use to diagnose cardiovascular disease ,acute myocardial infarction in clinics and hospital based practice.

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Answer:B

Explanation:Codominance, as it relates to genetics, refers to a type of inheritance in which two versions of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual.

The exchange of genetic information leads to genetic diversity.

It refers to the number of unique genes present in the genome of organisms.

The more the number of unique genes an organism has, the more the chances of surviving unfavorable changes to the environment.

Crossing over, the exchange of genes, increases the number of unique genes that a cell will have. Thus, it helps increase genetic diversity and chances of survival in the environment.

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Abiotic factors can cause harmful effects such as acid rain when too much is releadein to the atmosphere are Carbon, and Sulfur.

Acid deposition, often known as acid rain, is a general name for any type of precipitation that contains acidic elements, such as sulfuric or nitric acid, which falls to the ground from the atmosphere in wet or dry forms. This can apply to rain, snow, fog, hail, and even corrosive dust. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) that are released into the atmosphere and carried by air currents and wind result in acid rain. Water, oxygen, and other molecules react with the SO2 and NOX to generate sulfuric and nitric acids. While some of the SO2 and NOX that create acid rain come from natural sources like volcanoes, the majority of it is produced by burning fossil fuels.

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An example of how the five levels of organization relates with one another is as follows: hepatic cell forms hepatic tissues, which forms liver, which makes up the digestive system.

A reductionistic biological organization known as level of organization involves a hierarchy of intricate biological processes and structures that characterize life.

The level of organization of life are arranged hierarchically from simplest to the most complex as follows;

Here is an illustration of how the five organizational levels relate to one another: The digestive system is made up of the liver, which is made of hepatic cells.

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Aristotle

According to Aristotle "Happiness is the meaning and purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence"

Happiness is a life that is being well led through virtue, living well and acting well.

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From the table, we can see that;  1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma. Option A

Radiation is a form of energy that can not be seen. We know that beta radiation can be stopped by such things as a piece of cloth while alpha particles can be stopped by an aluminums foil. Also, gamma rays can only be stopped by thick concrete or lead.

Hence; we can conclude that; 1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma. Option A.

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The statement 'the evolutionary perspective's emphasis on adaptation recalls the focus of the school of structuralism' is TRUE.

The evolutionary perspective makes reference to a theoretical framework in which the tree of life can be encompassed by common origin criteria.

In a similar way, structuralism examines human cognitive features in a single framework based on behavioral features and human cultural contexts.

In conclusion, the statement 'the evolutionary perspective's emphasis on adaptation recalls the focus of the school of structuralism' is TRUE.

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The norm of reaction refers to the phenotypic range displayed by individuals with a particular genotype under different environmental conditions.

Norm of Reaction

The norm of reaction or the reaction norm refers to the range of phenotypes exhibited by a genotype in varying environmental conditions. The norm of reaction assesses the environmental variation and its contribution to producing the phenotypic variation that may occur in the same or related species.

Phenotypes and Environment

The production of a phenotype depends on the genotype and the interaction of the same with the environment. The norm of reaction often represents the limit of phenotypic variations possible for a genotype in an environment. The interaction of genotype and environment was described by Richard Woltereck. Such interactions occur in many dimensions and multiple levels of development.

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when it comes to your natural positive/negative ratio when interacting with students, long-term patterns matter more than single interactions

The proportion of positive to negative encounters that is "magic." The prevalent notion that there is a "magic" ratio of positive-to-negative contacts for enhancing interpersonal relationships is shown by Flora's position. In the subject of education, it is frequently advised that teachers keep a particular balance between their positive and negative interactions with students.

Although this rule has strong face validity, no particular ratio has any empirical backing. The writers argue against the usage of any particular ratio but are in favor of maintaining a high positive to negative ratio. They cover topics such as the evolution of recommendations for the positive-to-negative interaction ratio and an overview of pertinent studies on pupils with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD).

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