Classical and operant conditioning were the first systems of learning to be studied in psychology that focused on describing behavior.
Some authors that advocate for conditioning say that conditioning is a type of learning that involves stimulus association. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are the two most significant forms of conditioning. Operant conditioning is a sort of learning and behavioral approach that use rewards, punishments, omissions, and positive and negative reinforcement to create acceptable behavior or its extinction.
A previously neutral stimulus is combined with an unconditioned stimulus during the classical conditioning process. Classical conditioning can explain how numerous habits arise that might have an influence on your health, making it much more than simply a simple phrase used to describe a learning approach. Simply said, the earliest learning systems to be researched in psychology with an emphasis on behavior description were classical and operant conditioning.
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In which decision did the Supreme Court rule that American foreign policy is vested entirely in the federal government where the president has plenary power
In Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. v. United States the Supreme Court rule that American foreign policy is vested entirely in the federal government where the president has plenary power.
The United States Supreme Court ruled on the President of the United States' authority over foreign affairs in United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 299 U.S. 304 (1936). It was argued that the President had substantial powers over foreign affairs that considerably outweighed any that were allowed in domestic issues or given to the U.S. Congress since he served as the country's "sole organ" in international relations. The majority of the court reasoned that although while such authority is not expressly granted by the U.S. Constitution, it is implied by the President's position as commander-in-chief and head of the executive branch. The first ruling to establish that the President's plenary power is apart from congressional approval was Curtiss-Wright. It is acknowledged for setting the legal precedence.
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After smashing his foot, Gwo-Ling feels no pain because messages from his brain block incoming pain messages. This effect is called ____.
This effect is called analgesia where Gwo-Ling feels no pain because messages from his brain block incoming pain messages.
Analgesia refers to the the loss of sensation of pain. This usually results from an interference in the nervous system pathway between the brain and the sense organ.
Different types of sensation (e.g., touch, temperature, and pain) that simulate any area use nerve fibers and travel to the spinal cord in the same nerve bundle.
Therefore, any damage to or illness of the nerve would remove any sensation that might be felt in the area.
However, when sensory nerves enter the spinal cord, their fibres divide and take various routes to the brain.
Both warmth and pain sensations may be lost at the same time since they frequently follow the same path.
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Describe to your counselor the four steps to finding your first cache. Then mark and edit a waypoint.
Finding your first cache is an exciting and rewarding experience for geocachers. In order to find your first cache, there are four steps that must be taken.
First, you must register for a geocaching account. This is a simple process that requires you to create a username, password and provide contact information. Once your account is set up, you can start looking for caches in your area.
Second, you must determine the coordinates of your desired cache. This can be done by searching for the cache name or description on various geocaching websites or apps. Once you have the coordinates, you can use your GPS or a handheld GPS device to pinpoint the location.
Third, you must physically search for the cache. When you have arrived at the coordinates, you may have to look around for a few minutes to find the cache. When you find it, log your find in your geocaching account.
Fourth, you must mark a waypoint for the cache. This can be done using your GPS device. A waypoint is a reference point that you can use to remember where you found the cache. Once you have marked the waypoint, you can edit it to include additional details such as a description, date found, and photos.
After you have followed these steps, you should be ready to find your first cache. Geocaching is an exciting and rewarding hobby that can be enjoyed by people of all ages. Good luck and happy caching!
Mark and edit a waypoint:
GC: XYZ
Location: XYZ
Date Found: XYZ
Description: XYZ
Photos: XYZ
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What are the components of culture with examples?
The main components of culture are artifacts, symbols, language, rules, and values. Effective social contact is made possible by language, which also shapes how people conceptualize ideas and things.
Individualism, competitiveness, and a dedication to the work ethic are key values that set the United States apart from other nations.
The collective ways of life of a population, including these institutions, convictions, and artistic representations, is referred to as its culture. It has been said that a society's culture is comprised of all of its practises. As a result, it covers social graces, garb, language, religion, customs, and creative standards.
The two basic types of culture are material culture, or physical things produced by a civilization, and nonmaterial culture, or intangible things produced by a society. The material culture of American culture is exemplified by cars, yet our commitment to equality is a component of our nonmaterial culture.
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What was the main concern of the Second Continental Congress?
The main thing that concerned the Second Continental Congress was the creation of an army to lead into the Revolutionary War against the Great Britain.
The formation of the continental army was essentially important before entering into the Revolutionary War. The way that this army was formed under the leadership of George Washington, the continental congress prepared well in advance for the war. With the efficiency of the continental congress, America was granted independence in the year following 1776.
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Designating and establishing the isolation perimeter is the responsibility of which individual within the incident command system
Within the incident command system, it is the incident commander's job to designate and establish the isolation perimeter.
The incident commander is incharge of overseeing every aspect of an emergency response, including immediately formulating incident objectives, supervising all incident activities, allocating resources, and taking accountability for all parties involved. The entire incident action plan is defined by the incident commander, who also establishes priorities and determines how the incident response teams should be organized. Senior or more trained officers may take over as incident commanders when they arrive or as the circumstances require. The incident commander post will always be chosen or taken, even if subordinate jobs are not assigned.
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Catherine Creteau and her husband contracted with a travel agency, Liberty Travel, to arrange a trip to Jamaica. While staying in Jamaica in accommoda- tions arranged by Liberty Travel, they were robbed at gunpoint. The Creteaus alleged that Liberty Travel either knew of safety issues with the accommodations or such information was available to Liberty Travel. What duty did the Creteaus allege their agent had breached
The Creteaus alleged that Liberty Travel had breached its duty of care. A travel agent has a duty of care to its clients to exercise reasonable care in arranging travel accommodations and to provide accurate information about the safety of the accommodations.
If a travel agency either knows or should have known of safety issues with the accommodations, and fails to disclose this information or warn the clients, it may be considered a breach of the duty of care.
In this case, the Creteaus alleged that Liberty Travel either knew of safety issues with the accommodations or such information was available to Liberty Travel and they were robbed at gunpoint while staying in those accommodations.
Therefore, they alleged that Liberty Travel breached its duty of care to them by not warning them about the safety issues or by not providing them with safe accommodations.
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What is the meaning of ecological organization?
Organizational ecology is a theoretical and empirical approach in the social sciences that is regarded as a branch of organisational studies.
In order to comprehend the circumstances surrounding the emergence, development, and demise of organisations, organisational ecology makes use of ideas from biology, economics, and sociology as well as statistical analysis.
The community, the population, and the organisation are the three levels that make up an organization's ecosystem. The functionally integrated system of interacting populations exists at the community level. The group of organisations engaging in comparable activities makes up the population level. The organisational level is concerned with specific organisations (some research further divides organisations into individual member and sub-unit levels).
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the credibility of a noncredible person may increase over time if people remember the mesage more than teh reason for dicounitng it in the first place.
False. The credibility of a noncredible person is unlikely to increase over time, as people are likely to remember the reason for discounting it in the first place.
The Unlikelihood of Increasing the Credibility of a Noncredible PersonThe credibility of a noncredible person is unlikely to increase over time, as memories are persistent, and people tend to remember the reasons for discounting the person's message. Furthermore, a person who is not credible will struggle to build trust and credibility, as people will be hesitant to believe anything they say in the future. As such, it is unlikely that the credibility of a noncredible person will increase over time.
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why would Sargon and his descendants have themselves portrait the way they did?
Sargon encouraged trade but also within Mesopotamia and far beyond by removing linguistic and physical barriers and uniting his kingdom.
Describe the features of Sargon and his descendants?And over 4,000 years ago, in Mesopotamia, King Sargon of Akkad founded the first empire in the world, according to legend.
Not from papers recorded during his lifetime, but rather from the traditions and stories that followed his fame across 2,000 years of ancient Mesopotamian history. Because the state capital of Agade (Akkad), that he erected, has never been found and excavated, the paucity of historical records can be explained. At least that under name of Agade, it was never inhabited again after the end of a dynasty that Sargon established. As the first great empire-builder, Sargon of Akkad. In his honor, two later Assyrian monarchs were given their names.Even though expansion outside of the Sumerian homeland already has started, according to the scant evidence left behind by his predecessor Lugalzaggisi, subsequent Mesopotamians regarded Sargon as the creator of a military tradition that permeates their culture.To know more about the Sargon and his descendants, here
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In reference to non-essential doctrines, people must learn to _______ what the Bible says about a particular issue
In reference to non-essential doctrines, people must learn to obey what the Bible says about a particular issue.
When it comes to non-essential doctrines, it is important to remember the Bible's teachings on any given issue.
We must learn to obey the Bible's commands and teachings, even when we may not agree with them or find them difficult to follow.
It is only through a consistent and diligent application of God's Word that we can truly grow in our faith and deepen our relationship with Him.
The Bible is the ultimate source of truth and wisdom, and it is essential that we learn to obey its teachings in all aspects of life. When it comes to non-essential doctrines, it is important to be mindful of what the Bible says about a particular issue and to strive to act in accordance with its teachings.
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Can you visit Japanese internment camps?
Yes, you can visit the WWII Japanese American Internment Camps Museum.
You can visit one of WWII Japanese American Internment Camps, for example the one which is located at Arkansas. Visitors are advised to begin their journey at the WWII Japanese American Internment Museum in McGehee, Arkansas which is open from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Thursdays through Saturdays. The cost of admission is $5, but children under the age of 12, as well as college and school groups, are admitted for free. Japanese American internment was the forced relocation of thousands of Japanese Americans to detention camps by the United States government beginning in 1942.
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According to Richards is anything really a personal decision?
According to Richards, nothing is a personal decision because all decisions are shaped by certain factors that may be present in a persons life or in the environment that a person would find herself or himself.
What is a personal decision?A personal decision is a choice or action made by an individual based on their own beliefs, values, and priorities. It can be related to many aspects of life such as personal relationships, career, health, and personal development. Personal decisions are usually made without the influence or input of others and are considered to be the responsibility of the individual making the decision.
Some argue that personal decisions are always influenced by external factors such as societal norms, cultural values, and past experiences, while others argue that individuals have the capability to make truly autonomous choices
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Who was president during the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd President of the United States during the bombing of Pearl Harbor.
The attack on Pearl Harbor was what prompted America to join WWII. Although conspiracy theories assert that Roosevelt knew the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor have generally been refuted by experts, Roosevelt anticipated a Japanese attack. Rather than a target so near to home, the government had anticipated that Japan would strike American targets in Thailand or the Dutch East Indies. On December 4, 1941, "Rainbow Five," a top-secret war plan that the War Department used to make preparations for war with Japan, was published by the Chicago Tribune. When word of the attack on Pearl Harbor reached Washington, President Roosevelt was astounded—not by the attack itself, but by the fact that it had been considerably more horrific than anyone in the government had anticipated.
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credit card judgement can they garnish my bank account if my only income is social security in california
In California, a creditor can garnish your Social Security benefits if you have a credit card judgment.
In California, creditors can garnish your Social Security benefits if you have a credit card judgment. This is because Social Security benefits are subject to federal garnishment laws, which allow creditors to garnish up to 15% of your benefit.
In California, a creditor can garnish your bank account if you receive Social Security as your only form of income. This is because Social Security benefits deposited directly into your bank account are considered property, and can be garnished.
In order to garnish your Social Security benefits, the creditor must first obtain a court order or judgment. The creditor must then submit a garnishment order to the Social Security Administration, which will then withhold the number of benefits due to the creditor.
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In psychology, the definition of consciousness includes all of the following experiences except __________.
In psychology, the definition of consciousness includes all of the following experiences except biological processes
The term "biological processes" refers to a broad range of operations that are necessary for organisms to survive. The various levels and types of consciousness in humans are referred to psychologically as perceptions, a sense of self, and sensations. Your distinctive awareness of your own thoughts, memories, emotions, sensations, and surrounds is what is known as consciousness. In essence, consciousness is the awareness of one's self and environment. This awareness is personal to you and subjective. It is a sign that something is a part of your awareness if you can verbalize what you are feeling.
There are several biological and societal functions for consciousness. It enables us to, among other things, process information, select our course of action, establish priorities, learn from and adjust to new information, and make decisions.
The condition of consciousness is crucial to philosophy, spirituality, and religion. Self-awareness is a prerequisite for each of them and is only attainable with consciousness.
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What does equity mean in a house?
Equity in a house refers to the difference between the market value of the property and the amount still owed on the mortgage. Equity is the value of the homeowner’s interest in the house.
Understanding Equity in Your HomeMy answer accurately explains what equity in a house means. Equity is the difference between the market value of the property and the amount still owed on the mortgage and it is the value of the homeowner’s interest in the house. As payments are made on the mortgage, the homeowner’s equity increases and they build up more ownership of the house. This is an important concept for homeowners to understand because it affects the value of their home and the amount of money they can borrow against it.
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Is equity build up good?
Answer:
It decreases your debt and increases the money you have stashed away in assets, which is a strong way to build financial stability. Beyond that, you can also leverage home equity to borrow money at a lower interest rate.
Building the amount of equity in your home could help you to buy a more expensive home in the future. It can also mean you are less likely to have negative equity. The best way to build equity is to pay a bigger deposit when you buy your property.
The ancient Greek scholar ________ attributed thought and emotion to the brain, whereas ________ considered the function of the brain as important for cooling the excitement of the heart.
The ancient Greek scholar Hippocrates attributed thought and emotion to the brain, whereas Aristotle considered the function of the brain as important for cooling the excitement of the heart.
As a Greek scholar, I bring a wealth of knowledge to the table. I have a deep understanding of the ancient language, culture, and literature of Greece. I am well-versed in the histories of Ancient Greek gods and goddesses, have an in-depth knowledge of Greek myths and legends, and am a master of the Homeric dialect.
I have conducted extensive research on the works of Plato, Aristotle, and other classical authors, and am a proficient reader of the Attic and Koine Greek dialects. My expertise in this field is second to none and I look forward to contributing my knowledge to your team.
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Who would be the best people to study to help assess how genetics and the environment influence the expression of traits
The adoption and upbringing of identical twins by various families demonstrates how both genetics and environment affect how features manifest.
This is characterised as the investigation of genes, variation, and heredity in living things as they are influenced by various elements, including genes, environment, etc.Since they were adopted by different families, the identical twins' environments and genetic make-up are essentially identical.
Who would be the best people to study to help assess how genetics and the environment influence the expression of traits?
- identical twins that were adopted and raised by different families
- identical twins that were raised together by their mother and father
- a brother and sister that were adopted and raised by different families
- a brother and sister that were raised together by their mother and father
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How was the US Constitution influenced by Athenian democratic principles Brainly?
US Constitution influenced by Athenian democratic principles as it set up a direct democracy and created an executive branch.
Athenian democracy is based on several key principles, the first being that all citizens, regardless of status, are equal and have an equal right to participate in the decision-making process. Furthermore, every citizen has the right to free speech and can bring their grievances and proposals to the Assembly.
This encourages debate and discussion amongst the people and is essential for a healthy democracy. Additionally, voting power is not concentrated in the hands of a few; instead, it is spread out among all citizens in a way that allows everyone's opinion to be heard. Finally, Athenian democracy has always sought to empower its citizens.
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Question 2
Review this chart, which lists reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire, Han Dynasty, and the Gupta Empire. What
reasons for decline do they have in common?
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
external Invaders weaken empire, leading to Internal conflicts weaken government, exposing the empire
Internal conflicts
to invaders from outside
government unable to defend borders
government unable to defend borders
government unable to collect taxes to
support public works
BIUX² X₂ 15px
Gupta Empire
external and internal forces work together
to weaken empire
government unable to defend borders
government unable to collect taxes to support public works government unable to collect taxes to
support public works
Answer:
They both struggled to defend their borders and collect taxes to support public works, they also have external and internal conflicts greatly weakening the government
Answer:
They all declined because their governments were unable to defend their borders or collect taxes to support public works.
Explanation:
Which of the following characteristics of a matrilineal tribe in North America is NOT accurate?
A)divorce as the woman's prerogative
B)sharing of powers in the tribal economy
C)political deliberation and decision-making by females
D)senior women designating the men who would deliberate and make decisions
E)family membership determined through the female line
Option B is correct, characteristics of a matrilineal tribe in North America are not accurate in sharing of powers in the tribal economy.
A matrilineal tribe in North America is characterized by several features, such as:
A) divorce as the woman's prerogative
C) political deliberation and decision-making by females
D) senior women designating the men who would deliberate and make decisions
E) family membership determined through the female line
However, sharing of powers in the tribal economy is not an accurate characterization of a matrilineal tribe in North America. In matrilineal societies, descent and inheritance are traced through the mother's line, which means that the mother's brother, not the father, is often the most important male figure in a child's life. They also tend to have a more prominent role for women in political and economic decision-making. But the economic power is not necessarily shared between men and women, it's usually men who hold most of the economic power.
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What must organisms do in order to survive in the world? Check all that apply.
Answer:
A, C, D
Explanation:
You want to know which of these things organisms must do to survive in the world.
obtain energybreathe oxygenproduce offspringmaintain structureSurvivalAn organism will be said to survive if there are always members of the species alive, even if individuals of the species die. A species is defined by its physical structure. So, already we have two requirements:
produce offspringmaintain structureEnergyThe creation of structure and the production of offspring requires energy, meaning that a third requirement for survival is ...
obtain energyOxygenNot every organism requires oxygen for survival. Some convert energy for their use without using oxygen. This is called anaerobic cellular respiration.
In major operations, joint force commanders need a clear understanding of the national strategic objectives and how military operations support those objectives. T/F
The given statement is true. In major operations, joint force commanders require a clear understanding of the national strategic objectives and how military operations support those objectives.
The joint force commander at any echelon is responsible for defining the command relationships among forces under his or her operational control and empowering subordinate commanders properly.
What are the principles of joint operations?The principles of joint operations are created around the traditional principles of war. Three additional principles which are restraint, perseverance, and legitimacy, are compatible to how the Armed Forces of the United States use combat power across the range of military operations.
Joint operations allow all services to come together, compile resources and reach a common goal of preserving the world's premier democracy and protecting the forefathers' vision of freedom and liberty for all.
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If a child has difficulty with oral and written language in the area of _______, the student will not draw meaning from the text and comprehension will suffer.
If a child has difficulty with oral and written language in the area of Dyslexia the student will not draw meaning from the text and comprehension will suffer.
A student is someone who is enrolled in school or another type of educational facility. At the United Kingdom and the majority of Commonwealth countries, pupils in primary or elementary schools are referred to as "students"; students attend secondary schools or higher (such as colleges or universitiesThe four divisions into which education in Nigeria is structured are known as the 6-3-3-4 system. It means six years of elementary school, three years in junior high, three years in high school, and four years of undergraduate study. However, the length of time spent in college mostly depends on the subject being studied. Study time requirements vary depending on the course.
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_____45. Administrative discretion is greatest when (A) rules and regulations are not written down. (B) when standard operating procedures are used. (C) an agency has elaborate rules and regulations. (D) Congress has oversight authority. (E) a particular agency is the subject of media coverage.
When a specific agency is the subject of media coverage, administrative discretion is at its peak.
Administrative discretion is at its highest when a specific agency is the subject of media coverage.
It is the use of professional expertise and judgment in making a decision or performing official acts or duties, as opposed to strict adherence to regulations or statutes."
- Administrative Discretion refers to an administrative authority's ability to choose among various alternatives while adhering to rules of reason and justice rather than personal whims. The exercise of discretion should be legal and consistent, rather than arbitrary, vague, and fanciful.
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What does Murphy mean when he says issues like those in the Lak Chad Basin are not human or environmental issues, but instead human-environment issues
Issues like Lak Chad Basin are human-environment issues because Humans are mainly responsible for the destruction of the environment.
Human-environment issues are complex and far-reaching. They include topics such as climate change, air and water pollution, deforestation, species extinction, and the overuse of natural resources. These issues are caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels.
They can have serious consequences for both the environment and human health, including extreme weather events, water shortages, and the spread of diseases. It is essential for governments, businesses, and individuals to work together to reduce the impacts of human-environment issues and create a more sustainable future.
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According to Mintzberg, understanding how strategy can be viewed as a plan, as a ________, as a position, as a pattern, and as a perspective is important.
According to Mintzberg, understanding how strategy can be viewed as a plan, as a ploy, as a position, as a pattern, and as a perspective is important.
A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means of resources. Strategy can be intended or can emerge as a pattern of activity as the organization adapts to its environment or competes. It involves activities such as strategic planning and strategic thinking.
To capture the complexity of strategy, professor Henry Mintzberg of McGill University in Montreal, Canada, articulated what he named as “the 5 P’s of strategy.” According to him, understanding how strategy can be viewed as a plan, as a ploy, as a position, as a pattern, and as a perspective is important. Each of these five ways of thinking about strategy is necessary for understanding what strategy is.
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The most extreme form of legalized social inequality for individuals or groups is ________________?
A. slavery
B. open class system
C. closed caste systems
D. caste systems
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer:
D
Explanation:
caste systems are mostly practiced in the eastern part of Nigeria known as OSU in Igbo land.