Club foot is one of the most common congenital skeletal abnormalities, with a world-wide incidence of about 1 in 1000 births. Both genetic and nongenetic factors are thought to be responsible for club foot. C.A. Gurnett et al. identified a family in which club foot was inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance. They discovered a mutation in the PITXI gene that caused club foot in this family. Through DNA testing, they determined that 11 people in the family carried the PITXI mutation, but only 8 of these people had club foot. What is the penetrance of the PITXI mutation in this family

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

0.727

Explanation:

Penetrance can be defined as a measure of the association between a genotype and phenotype. In medical genetics, the penetrance of a mutation leading to the disease state is the proportion of individuals carrying the mutation and showing disease symptoms associated with such mutation. For example, if a mutation leading to the disease state has a 90% of penetrance, it is expected that 9 of each 10 individuals carrying the mutation will develop the disease, while the remaining 10% will not develop the disease. In this case, 8 of each 11 individuals carrying the PITXI mutation show symptoms compatible with the disease, and therefore the penetrance is 8/11 = 0.727 (73%).


Related Questions

2. What may happen to an alcoholic if he or she suddenly stops drinking?
1.addiction to other drugs
2.health is restored
3.intoxication
4.withdrawal symptoms

Answers

4.
when you are addicted usually you might have withdrawals.

Answer:

4

Explanation:

Withdrawal is different for everyone; there really is no "normal" and it can be hard to predict an individual person's experience. Some symptoms—like changes in sleep patterns, fatigue, and mood swings—can last for weeks or months. You'll likely begin to feel better around five days to a week after you stop drinking

what is the origin of golgi apparatus​

Answers

Answer:

In most eukaryotes, the Golgi apparatus is made up of a series of compartments and is a collection of fused, flattened membrane-enclosed disks known as cisternae (singular: cisterna, also called "dictyosomes"), originating from vesicular clusters that bud off the endoplasmic reticulum.

Explanation:

How can you describe a cell

Answers

Answer:

A cell is a mass of cytoplasm that is bound externally by a cell membrane. Usually microscopic in size, cells are the smallest structural units of living matter and compose all living things. Most cells have one or more nuclei and other organelles that carry out a variety of tasks.

Explanation:

How does difference in chromosome arrangement lead to greater genetic diversity in a population?

Answers

Answer:

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Genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).

According to Sandra Scarr's description of the three ways that heredity and environment can be correlated, passive genotype-environment correlations occur because Multiple Choice children seek out environments that are stimulating. biological parents provide a rearing environment for a child. a child's genetically influ­enced characteristics elicit certain types of environments. certain genes evoke environmental support.

Answers

Answer:biological parents provide a rearing environment for a child

Explanation:

According to Sandra Scarr's description on the correlation that exist between heredity and the environment, passive genotype-environment correlations occur due to the fact that certain genes evoke environmental support.

It should be noted that passive genotype-environment correlation takes place due to the fact that there's passive inheritance on the genes of the children and the environment which are provided by their parents.

An example of such characteristics is when the child is athletically inclined as it's possible for the family to be athletes.

In conclusion, the correct option is D.

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What is the answer to everything hypothetically?

Answers

Hello there!


I don’t completely understand your question, but i’d say the answer to “everything” is the number 42.

Sorry if this isn’t what you meant :(

Have an amazing day

help help help help!

Answers

Answer:

1:C

2:C

3:D

4:D

this is 110% fact answer

The answers are C, C AND D D

hiii has anyone done the Earth's Interior, Project: Earth’s Layers on edg 2020 if have pls sand to mee. if not pls do not answer. i will mark brilliant

Answers

Answer:

Crust, mantle, and the core are the interior parts of earth.

Explanation:

Earth's interior is divided into three layers i. e. crust, mantle, and the core. The temperature of crust is lower than the rest of the layers and when we go inside earth from crust to mantle and the core, the temperature is increases. The temperature of crust is 200° Celsius to 400° Celsius, the temperature of mantle is 1000° Celsius to 3700° Celsius and the temperature of core is 4,400° Celsius to 6,000° Celsius.

Answer:

Earth's interior is divided into three layers i. e. crust, mantle, and the core. The temperature of the crust is lower than the rest of the layers and when we go inside earth from crust to mantle and the core, the temperature increases. The temperature of the crust is 200° Celsius to 400° Celsius, the temperature of the mantle is 1000° Celsius to 3700° Celsius and the temperature of the core is 4,400° Celsius to 6,000° Celsius.

Explanation:

edge 2021

In the scientific name Limulus polyphemus, what is the genus? _________ species? _______.

Answers

Answer:

Limilus and L. pilyphemus

Explanation:

Atlantic horseshoe crab.

9. An organism's physical traits or visible appearance
Genotype
Pedigree
Chromosome
Phenotype

Answers

Answer:

The term "phenotype" refers to the observable physical properties of an organism; these include the organism's appearance, development, and behavior. An organism's phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes.

Explanation:

phenotype option D is the correct answer of this question .

plz mark my answer as brainlist plzzzz.

hope this will be helpful to you .

What are products of cellular respiration?

Answers

Answer:

glucose reacts with oxygen, forming ATP that can be used by the cell. Carbon dioxide and water are created as byproducts. In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen react to form ATP. Water and carbon dioxide are released as byproducts.

Explanation:

Answer:glucose reacts with oxygen, forming ATP that can be used by the cell. Carbon dioxide and water are created as byproducts. In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen react to form ATP. Water and carbon dioxide are released as byproducts.

Explanation:

what do you call the reproduction in plants where the male and female parts of the flowers of the plants are involved?
A.asexual
B.budding
C.pollination
D.sexual​

Answers

Answer:

your answer would be d. sexual

Nutrients can be classified as essential or nonessential. All of the following are reasons why a nutrient could be considered an essential except

Answers

Answer:

vitamin A is essential because consuming too much supplemental vitamin A during pregnancy can cause birth defects.

Hope this helps!

Radius of circle = 3cm , what is it's diameter, circumference and area? How do I look rat-e me from a 1 to 10!​

Answers

Answer:

buney şimdi what bunu annlaamm

Answer:

7

Explanation:

Understanding the molecular basis of life helped in developing many technologies some used to further discover the cell, and others used to diagnose diseases or create organs or perform surgeries. Choose one technology and describe it briefly indicating its uses. 2. In what ways might genetically engineered organisms pose a threat to the health and safety of human populations

Answers

Answer:

1- The CRISPR-Cas system

2- Genetically modified organisms raise concerns associated with allergic reactions, horizontal gene transfer and outcrossing

Explanation:

The CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) technology is widely used in medicine and research. The CRISPR-Cas is a versatile RNA-programable genome editing system capable of introducing genetic modifications at target DNA sequences. This technology is based on the natural bacterial immune system that cleaves bacteriophages and plasmid DNA sequences. Moreover, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) have historically raised three major concerns on human health: 1-the allergenicity of GMO foods, 2-the ability that GMOs might have to insert genes through horizontal transfer and 3-outcrossing between GMOs and (genetically) unmodified crops, which are further consumed as non-GM foods.

What is a serving size? How is it determined? Are they the same for every food?

Answers

A serving size is the amount of food that you should eat. It’s determined by how nutritional a food is. If it is healthy and has less calories, it’s serving size would be larger than if it was unhealthy will more calories. Serving sizes are not the same for every food because each food has its own nutritional values and calories.

What do you call the process of a flower making a seed through pollination?

A. photosynthesis

B. fertilization

C. germination

D. Precipitation

Answers

hi!! i think the answer to your question is B. fertilization!!

i hope this helps, good luck!! <3

The first generation of hybrid offspring is called the ______ and can often be used to determine the ____ gene.
a. F2 generation; h.o.m.o.z.y.g.o.u.s.
b. F1 generation; h.o.m.o.z.y.g.o.u.s.
c. P generation; dominant
d. F1 generation; dominant

(Brainly needs to realize if they let us talk about college biology, that we are going to use words that have h.o.m.o. and that they are genuinely correct scientific terms.

Answers

P is parent gene, and then the offspring goes to the F1 and then F2, the dominant gene is what gene wins over a recessive. So the answer is c

The preferred generation of hybrid offspring is called the P generation and can often be used to determine the dominant gene.

What is P generation and dominant?

Dominant directs to the relationship between two versions of a gene. Then, Individuals receive two versions of each gene, which are called alleles, from each parent. When the alleles of a gene are different, So, one allele will be expressed This is a dominant gene.

When The P generation is the start of Mendel's work on inheritance, or receiving genetic qualities by transmission from parent to offspring. So, Basically that it refers to traits or genes that are passed from a parental generation to its offspring

When P is the parent gene, and also then the offspring goes to the F1 and also then F2, the dominant gene is what gene wins over a recessive. So the correct option is 'C'.

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Which of the following is an example of selective breeding?
A. Breeding tomatoes to increase fruit size
B. Crossing 2 plants w desirable traits
C. Inserting genes from one plant into another
D. Returning bred plants to their natural habitat

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

they chose the best tomatoes to make even better ones

Breeding tomatoes to increase fruit size is an example of selective breeding. Therefore option A is correct.

Selective breeding, also known as artificial selection, involves the intentional breeding of plants or animals to promote desired traits. The process typically involves selecting individuals with specific characteristics and breeding them to pass on those traits to the next generation.

In the given options, breeding tomatoes to increase fruit size is an example of selective breeding. By carefully selecting tomato plants with larger fruits and allowing them to reproduce, breeders can gradually enhance the fruit size of future generations.

This process relies on natural genetic variation within the tomato population and human intervention to guide the breeding process toward the desired outcome.

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Some male birds are very colorful and stand out visually in comparison the their drab counterparts. They also may make loud
vocalizations during courtship. These visual and auditory signals may make then more likely to attract predators and be killed.
Evaluate the statements to find the best description for the evolution of male coloration and vocalization in birds.
-0,)
A)
Colorful and vocal birds may be eaten by predators with greater frequency,
so this is a poor adaptation.
B)
Colorful and vocal male birds may attract the most mates and pass on
their genes. This is an adaptive trait.
Colorful and vocal birds mimic their drab counterparts when predators are
nearby, so predators are just as likely to eat any member of the population.
O
D)
Colorful and vocal birds will only mate with colorful and vocal females,
meaning these groups will become a different species from their drab
counterparts.

Answers

Answer:

A)

Colorful and vocal birds may be eaten by predators with greater frequency,

so this is a poor adaptation.

Explanation:

Colourful and vocal male birds may attract the most mates and pass on their genes. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

What is evolution?

Evolution is the process of gradual change in the characteristics of a population over time through the mechanisms of natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow, resulting in the emergence of new species.

While it is true that colourful  and vocal birds may be more visible to predators and more likely to be eaten, the fact that they have evolved to develop these traits indicates that the benefits of attracting mates and passing on their genes outweigh the risks of predation. Male birds use their coloration and vocalizations to attract females and demonstrate their genetic fitness, and females select mates based on these traits. Therefore, over time, the male birds with the most attractive traits will be more successful at reproducing, leading to the evolution and persistence of these traits in the population.

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Puma concolor coryi Florida panther Class?

Answers

Answer:

excuse me what?

Explanation:

What do these do ?
Kidneys, bladder, liver

A. Transports nutrients and oxygen to the body, removes waste

B. Sends chemical messages for growth, reproduction, and
: Kidneys, bla energy processes

C. Filters the blood to removes toxins, excess water, and other
wastes

D. Works with skeletal system to procide movement, helps
digest food, pump heart, and move blood through veins
temperature, detects stimuli fro

E. Produces sex cells (sperm and ovum), nurtures and protects growing fertilizer egg

F. Provides support and structure to the body, stores minerals, produces blood cells, works with muscular system for movement

G. Community communications with and controls all other body systems, response to stimuli from inside and outside the body

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The kidneys are bean shaped organs about the size of an adult fist. Most people are born with two kidneys. They are located on each side of the backbone, against the back wall of the abdomen, at about the level of the lowest rib.

The liver detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion. Its other roles include the regulation of glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, and the production of hormones. It is also the largest internal organ in the body.

RNA contains the five-carbon sugar
1) lactose
2) glucose
3) deoxyribose
4) ribose
5) uracil .

Answers

Answer:

ribose

Explanation:

A car is going down a ramp. When the car is half way down the ramp, it has
a. Only potential energy
b. Only kinetic energy
c. Potential and Kinetic energy
d. There is no energy

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

btw this is physics

Answer:

C

Explanation:

It has Potiental Energy since it retains height over the base level. This can be seen in the formula PE = mgh in which is directly dependent on height. It also obviously retains Kinetic Energy due to the fact that it is in motion.

What are the three main categories of forests?​

Answers

The three categories of forests are separated into temperate, tropical, and boreal.

Answer:

There are three type of forest they include boreal, temperate and tropical forest

Explanation:

Temperate forest is mostly found across the Eurasia and East North America which vary throughout the year mainly because of the of the four main season which are on the latitude. Tropical forest is mainly found near the equator like Central America, Southern Asia and also sub Saharan Africa. Boreal forest is also known as Taiga is known to be the largest biomes land found in North America, Siberia, and Scandinavia.

VA (rod-shaped)
B (spiral-shaped)
C (spherical)

Answers

what is the question? I can't see.

How many kingdoms are there in the classification system?

3
4
5
6

Answers

There are 6 kingdoms in the classification system

Answer:

5/6

Explanation:

The five are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

There are six if you include archaebacteria and eubacteria

It depends which one you learned honestly

How “Competition in an ecosystem” is playing a role in life?

Answers

competition plays a very important role in ecology and evolution. The best competitors are the ones who survive and get to pass on their genes.

Which organism is best classified as a consumer?

Group of answer choices

worm

algae

mushroom

human

Answers

Answer:zHuman I think

Explanation:

Over 30 children younger than three years of age developed gastroenteritis after visiting a local water park. These cases represented 44% of the park visitors in this age group on the day in question. No older individuals were affected. The causative agent was determined to be a member of the bacterial genus Shigella. The disease resulted from oral transmission to the children. Based only on the information given, can you classify this outbreak as an epidemic? Why or why not? If you were an epidemiologist, how would you go about determining which pools in the water park were contaminated?

Answers

Answer:

No this is not an outbreak

Explanation:

No it cannot be classified as outbreak because an outbreak is when the number of affected individuals in an epidemic is much higher as compared to the estimated values. However, an epidemic is the one that affects the people around different countries of the globe.

This can be considered as endemic that is restricted to a certain set of people in a community

I would have studied pattern of movement of affected kids. The common pool to which all these kids visited can be the infectious one. Also one can test the pathogen in infected kinds, and look for similar pathogen in pool water through testing.

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