During a T4 phage infection of a bacterial host cell, there are several processes, steps, and molecules produced.
In a typical T4 phage infection of a bacterial host cell, the phage initially attaches to the cell surface and injects its DNA. This process is called infection.
Next, the phage produces T4 lysozyme, which breaks down the bacterial cell wall, allowing the phage to enter the host cell. Once inside, the phage produces T4 nucleases, DNA polymerase, and new sigma factors, which are essential for the replication and transcription of the phage DNA.
During this time, the phage assembles its head using phage head proteins, and tail, collar, base plate, and tail fiber proteins to form the phage tail structure.
Once the replication and assembly are complete, the host cell undergoes lysis, a process in which the cell membrane ruptures, releasing newly formed phage particles. These particles are then free to infect new bacterial host cells, starting the cycle anew.
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What happens during S phase?
Answer:
DNA is replicated
how are viroids different from viruses
Answer:
We are all familiar with the basics of viruses: These particles infect living cells and wreak havoc throughout the body. But viruses aren’t the only villains around causing chaos in living things. Other infectious agents called viroids and prions — which are also tiny but powerful — can take down both plant life and entire animals.
Viroids are free RNA molecules of low molecular weight without any protein coat, while viruses can have either RNA or DNA molecules encapsulated in a protein coat. Viroids are smaller in size than viruses.
Viroids not made of cells.
Viroids don’t transform energy.
Viroids can’t reproduce on their own.
2. What can you infer from the fact that ants make up
20 percent of the mass of all land animals combined?
a. Ants are very heavy
b. Ants live for a long time
c. Ants thrive in locations all over the world
d. Ants breed faster than any other organism on earth
Ant breed faster than any other organism on earth, 20% of earth mass have land animals. Many ants are on the earth. Thus, option D is correct.
What are the major features of ants ?Ants belongs to Formicide family which is related to so called eusocial insects like bees and termites. It is appeared in the Cretaceous period that is more than 90 million years ago.
The diversity of ants is every where except Antarctica.
The body has three parts such as a head, a meso-some and metasoma or gaster.
Ants are mostly omnivorous but can be scavengers , predators or herbivores based on ecological context.
The reproduction in which young, queens fly during mating time, fertilize with male, this flight is called as nuptial flight.
Then queen lay eggs, then larvae emerge to become pupae, then adults such as workers, soldiers, males or other queens are produced.
Thus, option D is correct.
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Help!! Please!! I'll name you brainliest!!
Explanation:
the same as the charge on the ion.+1 +2-25. -1
plz mark my answer as brainlist plzzzz you get it helpful ☺️.
Hope this will be helpful to you.
I hit a substance with a hammer and it shatters.It is a
Answer:
non metal ,so it is brittle in nature
Procedure
1
2.
3
Place a strawberry in a zip-closure
bag and remove most of the air
before you seal the bag.
Add 2 tablespoons of the DNA
extracting solution
Mash the strawberry through
the bag in your hand. Do not hit
against the table as this might
damage the DNA
4
5
6
Continue mixing and mashing the
bag in your hand.
Place a piece of gauze over the
opening of the cup, securing it
with a rubber band.
Carefully pour the strawberry
mixture into the cup making sure
to catch the solids with the gauze.
7
8
9
27
Take a dropper or spoonful of the
liquid in the cup and place in the
test tube.
Add a dropper for spoonful of the
alcohol to the test tube. Take care
not to tilt or tip the test tube; do
not mix the two liquids.
Observe the line between the
strawberry mixture and the
alcohol.
Explain each step of the process,and the science behind why those steps needs to be completed. Please help I'll give you brainlest
Biology Grade 8
Match correct terms/meaning given in column 'B' with their correct levels
given in column 'A' with Column 'B'
Column A
a.Cell
b.Plant
c.Tissue
d.nose
e.organelle
column B
a.Group of similar cells
b.Heart
c.Ova
d.Organ
e.Group of different cells
f.Nucleus
g.organism
Answer:
cell=ova
plant=organism
tissue=group of similar cells
nose=organ
organelle=nucleus
Which explanation describes why males are more likely to exhibit sex-linked disorders than females?
A male with a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome is typically affected with the condition. Because females have two copies of the X chromosome and males have only one X chromosome, X-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females.
primates evolved during what era
what are the advantages of anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?
Why would the atomic number be better to identify an element than the atomic mass?
Answer:
because the atomic number tells you how many protons and neutrons there are
Explanation:
seasons work help needed please
Answer:
July
Explanation:
it is typically the warmest month of the year globally because the Northern hemisphere has more land masses than the southern hemisphere
What is the structure of a virus?
Answer:
The simplest virions consist of two basic components: nucleic acid (single- or double-stranded RNA or DNA) and a protein coat, the capsid, which functions as a shell to protect the viral genome from nucleases and which during infection attaches the virion to specific receptors exposed on the prospective host cell.
A virion consists of a nucleic acid core, an outer protein coating or capsid, and sometimes an outer envelope made of protein and phospholipid membranes derived from the host cell. The capsid is made up of protein subunits called capsomeres. Viruses may also contain additional proteins, such as enzymes
Explain the mechanism of ventilation in human lungs (you should talk about the diaphragm, abdominal muscles and rib cage and intercostal muscles)
Answer: When the diaphragm contracts, it moves inferiorly toward the abdominal cavity, creating a larger thoracic cavity and more space for the lungs. Contraction of the external intercostal muscles moves the ribs upward and outward, causing the rib cage to expand, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity.
The movement of diaphragm and ribs govern the mechanism of ventilation in human lungs.
The ventilation in human lungs or pulmonary ventilation is defined as the process of intake of air during inhalation, and expiration as the release out of air. It is also termed as breathing.
What is the mechanism of pulmonary ventilation?The lungs are present in the thoracic cavity, with the diaphragm below the lungs separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The rib cage is present outside lungs and prevent them.
Inhalation process in pulmonary ventilationThe inhalation is the process of taking in air. The increase in the volume of lungs results in the increased movement of diaphragm to the abdominal cavity.
The intercostal muscles move upwards and the rib cage move outwards. Thus, the air is inhaled in the system.
Exhalation process in pulmonary ventilationThe exhalation of air is performed antagonist to the inhalation. The relaxation of diaphragm and the movement of rib cage results in the decreased volume of the lungs, and the air is expelled.
Thus, the movement of diaphragm and ribs govern the mechanism of ventilation in human lungs.
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Please help me out!
Diploid is to Body Cell as Haploid is to?
-Sex Cells
-Zygote
-Chromosome
-Sex Chromosome
Astrology, look at the screenshot
Answer:
the day would get shorter.
hope it helps.
Answer:
year would get longer
Explanation:
My teacher is bugging me to answer this question help
Three things can happen at the boundaries between earths plates. If one plate moves underneath another it’s called a
Answer:
I believe it is called SUBDUCTION.
Earth's plates are called TECTONIC PLATES BTW
PLS HELP IM TIMED!!
Fish eggs that are fertilized externally are typically clustered and covered in a thick, jelly-like substance.
What is most likely the function of this substance?
a) to protect the eggs and keep them consistently warm inside the parent's body
b) to protect the eggs and keep them safe from any harmful environmental conditions
c) to ensure that only a few of the eggs are fertilized by sperm since external fertilization is uncommon and risky
d) to ensure that only some of the eggs are fertilized by sperm so others can be fertilized internally
Answer:
Don't get me wrong but I think it's B
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is B: to protect the eggs and keep them consistently warm inside the parent's body. It is correct on edge
Explanation:
Hope this helps and good luck:)
please asap help i am not even sure if my ans is correct but help me out
Answer and Explanation:
Step 1:
Sound waves reach the bat's ears.
Step 2:
Sensory neurons send electrical signals to the brain.
Step 3:
Brain learns information about the environment.
Step 4:
Brain sends electrical signals to the muscles.
Step 5:
Bat flies away from the owl.
This is the correct way^
#teamtrees WAP (Water And Plant)
What cell structures are made in G1?
Answer:
Organelles
Explanation:
Which option identifies the most likely contributor to a microclimate that forms in a northern-facing valley?
exposure
shelter
precipitation
topography
Answer:
Topography
Explanation:
I just took the quiz.
Answer: pretty sure it’s topography
Explanation: edge 2021
A student tested food samples for the presence of various nutrients and recorded her findings in
the data table below. A"+" denotes that the nutrient was present in the sample. Adenotes that
the nutrient was absent. Use the student's data to answer the next 3 questions.
Nutrient
Glucose
Starch
Protein
Lipid
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Based on the student's data, which food sample(s) would contain amino acids?
O sample 3
O Samples 1 and 4
O sample 2
O samples 2 and 3
Answer:
4mhky4stjs reste w test
Explanation:
hjentekrwjetbwtfhwtjt3j3tj
How do you think about the invention of the microscope? Influenced the cell theory?
And what are the components of the cell theory?
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
The invention of the microscope paved way for the development of the cell theory because, without it, the cell and all the organelles of the cell would not have been discovered and or studied in great detail. It was through the use of a microscope that Robert Hooke was able to observe and name the cell and it was through the same microscope that the fine details of the cell were able to be studied by other scientists, culminating in the formulation of the cell theory.
The cell theory states that all living organisms are made up of cells, the cell is the basic unit of all life, and cells can only arise from already existing cells (via cell division). The components of the cell theory, therefore, are:
Living organisms are made up of cells.The cell represents the basic unit of life.Cells can only arise from preexsiting cells.HELP NEED THIS BY TODAY!
What did Mendel study that lead him to his discovery
Answer:
A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of heredity.
Explanation:
Answer:
Mendel studied the genetics of pea plants.
Explanation:
Mendel looked at the pea plants in his monastery garden to determine genetics. He found that some plants had white flowers, while some did not, and he used that discovery to determine the genetics of the plants.
What does an ecopsychologist study? a. the mental health of environmental scientists b. the relationship between animals' interactions and their mental health c. the relationship between animals' behavior and the environment d. the relationship between a person's mental health and the environment
Answer:
The correct answer is d. the relationship between a person's mental health and the environment.
Explanation:
Ecopsychology is aimed at identifying the way in which the emotional aspects of human beings are influenced by the environment, that is, ecopsychology collects multiple experiences that connect human development with environmental awareness. Ecopsychologists are oriented to the search for the well-being of the human being through its connection with natural processes through the understanding of the complex interrelationships between people and the environment.
Answer:
The correct answer is d. the relationship between a person's mental health and the environment.
Explanation:
Ecopsychology is aimed at identifying the way in which the emotional aspects of human beings are influenced by the environment, that is, ecopsychology collects multiple experiences that connect human development with environmental awareness. Ecopsychologists are oriented to the search for the well-being of the human being through its connection with natural processes through the understanding of the complex interrelationships between people and the environment.
1. What were the conditions on the planet when life began?
Answer: The early Earth had no ozone layer and was probably very hot. The early Earth also had no free oxygen. Without an oxygen atmosphere very few things could live on Earth. Anaerobic bacteria were probably the first living things on Earth.
Anyone know what is the answer pls ?
Answer:
1. Viruses 2. ? 3. Viruses 4. ? 5. Immunity 6. Vaccine
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP QUICKLY
Match each of the following to the correct organ system.
Lungs
Heart
Veins
Arteries
Stomach
Large intestine
Trachea
Small intestine
Muscles
Bones
Liver
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Kidney
Bladder
Choices are...
A. Skeletal System
B. Excretory System
C. Digestive System
D. Circulatory System
E. Muscular System
F. Respiratory System
Explanation:
1. stomach - Digestive
2. Brain - Nervous
3. Heart - Cardiovascular
4. kidneys - excretory
5. bone marrow - lymph
6. pituitary gland - endocrine
7. xylem- vascular tissue
8. bones - skeletal
9. Fallopian tubes - reproductive
hope this helps liine some up together i dont give whole answers just try to help ppl out, ill see what i can do thogh, dont quite undderstand can thee be more than one to go with the numbered ones?
The vocal cords stretch across the opening of the larynx. True or false??
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Vocal cords are bands of smooth muscle tissue located in the larynx. When air passes through, the vocal cords vibrate.