Discussion 4 (Perfect Competition and Monopoly) a 1. Compare the four market characteristics for perfect competition and monopoly 2. If two markets have the exact same market demand: P = 200 - Q, but market 1 is structured as perfect competition while market 2 is monopoly. If both markets have marginal cost as MC = 4, what will be the market price and market output for these two different markets (for monopolistic market MR = 200 - 2Q)? Show your work and supporting calculation. 3. We seldom see the commercials from producers in a perfectly competitive market. What could the reasons behind this observation. 4. A perfectly competitive firm operates in a market with current price of $11 per unit. The firm's total cost function is TC = 1000 + Q + 0.005Q2, MC = 1 + 0.010 how much the firm should produce to maximize its profit? calculate the maximized profit. Draw a graph to show your result.
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Perfect competition and monopoly differ in terms four market characteristics. In a perfect competition market, the price and output is $4 and 196 units. In a monopoly market, the price is $102 and output is 98 units. In perfect competition, firms are price-takers and cannot influence the market price. The firm should produce 66.33 units to maximize profit, graph is given.
Perfect competition is characterized by a large number of small firms, homogeneous products, ease of entry and exit, and no market power for any firm. Monopoly, on the other hand, is characterized by a single dominant firm, unique products, barriers to entry, and market power.
For market 1 with perfect competition
Market demand: P = 200 - Q
Marginal cost: MC = 4
In perfect competition, the market price will be equal to the marginal cost. So, we can set
P = MC
200 - Q = 4
Q = 196
Substituting Q back into the demand function to find the market price
P = 200 - Q
P = 200 - 196
P = 4
Therefore, in a perfectly competitive market with this demand and cost structure, the market output would be 196 units and the market price would be $4.
For market 2 with monopoly:
Market demand: P = 200 - Q
Marginal cost: MC = 4
Marginal revenue: MR = 200 - 2Q
In a monopoly, the profit-maximizing output level occurs where MR = MC. So, we can set
MR = MC
200 - 2Q = 4
Q = 98
Substituting Q back into the demand function to find the market price:
P = 200 - Q
P = 200 - 98
P = 102
Therefore, in a monopolistic market with this demand and cost structure, the market output would be 98 units and the market price would be $102.
Producers in perfectly competitive markets have no market power and are price-takers, meaning they cannot influence the market price and must accept the prevailing price. As a result, advertising or other forms of promotion are unlikely to increase sales or profits, since other firms are offering the same product at the same price.
The graph of the profit function can be plotted as follows
The horizontal axis represents the quantity produced (Q) by the firm.
The vertical axis represents the profit (π) earned by the firm.
To find the quantity that maximizes profit, we can take the derivative of the profit function with respect to Q, set it equal to zero, and solve for Q:
π'(Q) = 200 - 2Q - (1 + 0.01Q) = 0
199 = 3Q
Q = 66.33
So the quantity that maximizes profit is approximately 66.33 units.
To calculate the maximum profit, we substitute this value of Q into the profit function
π(Q) = (200 - (66.33 / 2)) * 66.33 - (4 + 0.005 * 66.33^2) * 66.33
π(Q) ≈ $3,282.97
The graph of the profit function can be plotted using these points:
When Q = 0, π(Q) = $0 (the firm earns no profit if it produces nothing).
When Q = 66.33, π(Q) ≈ $3,282.97 (the firm earns maximum profit at this quantity).
As Q increases beyond 66.33, π(Q) decreases due to diminishing marginal returns (the cost of producing additional units increases, reducing the firm's profit).
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Related Questions
Do you think Home Depot is segmenting the contractor market using only business variables or a combination of business and consumer variables
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The four people below have the following investments. Invested Amount Interest Rate Compounding Jerry $ 11,400 12% Quarterly Elaine 14,400 6 Semiannually George 21,400 8 Annually Kramer 17,400 10 Annually Required: 1-a. Calculate the future value at the end of five years. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, and PVA of $1) 1-b. Who has the greatest investment accumulation
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Jerry's future value is $24,978.80
Elaine future value is 19,352.40
George future value is 31,443.62
Kramer future value is 28,022.87
Kramer has the greatest investment accumulation because he earned the highest interest.
What are the future values?The formula for calculating future value:
FV = P (1 + r)^nm
FV = Future value P = Present value R = interest rate m = number of compoundingN = number of yearsJerry : 11,400 x ( 1 + 0.12/4)^(4 x 5) = 24,978.80
Elaine : 14,400 x (1 + 0.06/2)^(2 x 5) = 19,352.40
George: 21,400 x (1.08)^5 = 31,443.62
Kramer : 17,400 x (1.10)^5 = 28,022.87
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Answer:
Jerry : 11,400 x ( 1 + 0.12/4)^(4 x 5) = 24,978.80
Elaine : 14,400 x (1 + 0.06/2)^(2 x 5) = 19,352.40
Explanation:
I am not understand the formula to get this process done. I know that Jerry is quarterly and Elaine is semiannually? please help me with this
Which of the following procedures would allow you to make a spectrum of the Sun similar to the one shown, though with less detail
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If you put a narrow beam of sunlight through a prism, the prism will bend different light wavelengths differently, allowing the sun's white light to diffuse into a rainbow of hues.
Dark lines known as absorption characteristics can be seen against the spectrum's brighter background.
What is Splitting of Light?If you put a narrow beam of sunlight through a prism, the prism will bend different light wavelengths differently, allowing the sun's white light to diffuse into a rainbow of hues.Dark lines known as absorption characteristics can be seen against the spectrum's brighter background.By having differing optical densities, different materials can be recognized from one another.The tendency of a substance to slow down light as it travels through it is simply measured by the optical density. As was previously said, a light wave passing through a transparent substance interacts with its atoms.When a light wave strikes an atom of the substance, that atom absorbs the light wave.know more about Splitting of Light https://brainly.com/question/13089084
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An increase in the quantity demanded means that:
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Answer:
It is caused by a decrease in price
When producers' costs increase, there will be ________ product (shift left) at each price brought to the market.
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When producers' costs increase, there will be smaller products (shift left) at each price brought to the market.
Growth in value causes an upward (or a leftward) shift of the deliver curve so that at any price, the portions supplied may be smaller, supply Curve Shifts. whilst the fee of production will increase, the supply curve shifts upward to a new charge stage.
Factors that may shift the delivery curve for goods and services, causing a unique quantity to be supplied at any given fee, encompass entry costs, natural conditions, changes in generation, and authorities taxes, regulations, or subsidies.
The fee is dependent on the interplay among calls for and delivers additives of a market. call for and deliver represent the willingness of consumers and manufacturers to engage in buying and promoting. A change of a product takes vicinity whilst buyers and sellers can agree upon a price.
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Under a contract for the sale of land, the statute of frauds a. does not apply if the purchase price for the land is less than $500. b. does not apply if the buyer must secure a loan for the purchase of the land. c. requires the defendant to sign the agreement. d. does not apply if the total price of the land is to be paid in less than one year.
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C) Requires the defendant to sign the agreement.
The Statute of Frauds: What Is It?A legal principle known as the statute of frauds mandates that certain types of contracts be performed in writing. The law covers agreements involving the sale of real estate, transactions involving items valued at more than $500, and agreements lasting a year or longer.
What criteria does the Statute of Frauds have?Three conditions must be met in order to satisfy the Statute of Frauds.
It must first specify what the contract's subject matter is. It must also state the existence of a contract between the parties. The particular conditions of the contract must also be stated with a reasonable degree of precision.What kind of agreement may not be accepted under the Statute of Frauds?Several different sorts of contracts may not be upheld by the Statute of Frauds.
A contract with a completion date of less than a year serves as an illustration. A contract would not be taken into account for the statute if someone promised to deliver a goods to someone's house within six months but never showed up.learn more about Statute of Frauds here
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In each milestone, you may want or need to use the database and query tool to answer some of the questions. We suggest you open the tool in another browser tab while you are working on this assessment. https://postgres.sophia.org/ Which of these constraints verifies that data in a column is based on columns in other tables
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The above question is about SQL Column Table Constraints. See the correct response below.
What is an SQL Column Constraint?Constraints generally are instructions and rules that data entered onto a database must abide by. Constraints are employed to verify data. It outlines the requirements that the data must meet.
The kinds of data that can be entered into a table are restricted by constraints. This guarantees the reliability and accuracy of the data in the table.
The action is stopped if there is a contradiction between the constraint and the data action. Column-level or table-level constraints are both possible.
Which of these constraints verifies that data in a column is based on columns in other tables?The constrain form the attached example given via the link in the question, the constraint that verifies that data in a column is based on columns in other tables is:
"VARCHAR (40)"
This kind of constraint is called an SQL CHECK Constraint. When a CHECK is put on a column, it ensures only a defined values will be able to be entered for that column.
When it is placed on a table, it serves to limit the kind of values that can enter onto certain columns based on the defined values related to other columns in the row.
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Instead, if you make quarterly payments of $800, how much will you have saved in 10 years?
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$32,000 will be the savings amount after 10 years. Savings are the funds that remain after subtracting a person's consumer spending from their disposable income during a specific time period. Savings, then, is what's left over after all bills and commitments have been fulfilled for an individual or household.
Cash or cash equivalents (such as bank deposits) are used to store savings since they carry no danger of loss but also offer very low returns. Savings can increase through investing, but doing so involves putting money at risk. One is considered to be living paycheck to paycheck if they are unable to keep savings.
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If the marginal benefit of the first donut is 30 , the marginal benefit of the second donut is 15, and the marginal benefit of the third donut is 10, what is the total benefit from eating 2 donuts?.
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The total benefit from eating 2 donuts is 45.
What Does Marginal Gain Mean?
A consumer's utmost willingness to pay for an additional commodity or service is known as the marginal benefit. It also refers to the additional pleasure or utility that a customer experiences after purchasing the extra commodity or service. As a consumer consumes more of a good or service, their marginal benefit tends to drop.
The term "marginal revenue" is frequently used in the business world to describe the manufacturers' marginal gain.
Calculation:
The extra enjoyment attained from eating one more unit of the good is referred to as a marginal benefit. It alludes to the benefit brought on by consuming one additional unit of a good. Total satisfaction obtained from using products and services is the overall gain.
The combined advantages of eating the first two doughnuts equal the benefits of eating two doughnuts.
= 30 +45
=45.
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What is osn for detecting spammer account?
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The osn is spam filter.
The spam filter helps to decrease the volume of spam email. Email filtering is the process of organizing emails based on predefined criteria. Mail filters are commonly used to organize incoming mail, remove spam emails, and remove computer viruses.
Online Social Networks (OSNs) are well recognized among internet users.
The OSN platform has two types of users: spammers and non-spammers.
Spammers submit undesired content or propagate falsehoods on OSN platforms with malevolent intent.
Such operations annoy ham users, known as Non-Spammers, and harm the reputation of OSN platforms
Therefore, the answer is spam filter.
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A homeowner from State A hired a contractor from State B to build a vacation home for her in State C. The parties signe
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The following facts is most relevant to the court's decision on the homeowner's motion : The contractor removed the case to the federal court for State A.
INTERPRETATION-
The commencement of the action in State A is most relevant. When a case is removed from state court to federal court, venue is set in the federal district court that embraces the state court in which the action was pending, making the federal district court of State A the only appropriate venue choice.
Thus, (C) is the correct answer because the most (indeed, only) relevant fact is the fact that the action was commenced in a court of State A.
In answer choice (B)
Unlike cases commenced in federal court, in cases removed to federal court, the residence of the defendant contractor.
In answer choices (A) and (D)
The place where a substantial part of events relating to the claim occurred are irrelevant.
Therefore we can conclude that the correct choice is C.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:
A homeowner from State A hired a contractor from State B to build a vacation home for her in State C:
A. The parties signed the contract in State A.
B. The contractor breached the contract, and the homeowner sued the contractor in a court of State A, seeking damages of $100,000.
C. The contractor removed the case to the federal court for State A.
D. The homeowner promptly moved to remand the case to state court, arguing that venue was improper.
Which of the following facts is most relevant to the court's decision on the homeowner's motion?
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The brokerage relationship which calls for limited confidentiality, unless waived by the party, is which type of relationship
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This relationship is called transaction broker relationship which requires that the licensee exercise limited confidentiality, including the sellers' motivation for selling their property.
Limited confidentiality prevents the disclosure of the seller's motivation to sell the property. Exercising limited confidentiality unless waived in writing by a party (transaction broker)
Transaction broker relationship advantagesThis limited confidentiality will prevent disclosure of any information requested by a party to remain confidential, such as whether the seller will accept a price lower than the asking or listed price, whether the buyer will pay more than the price stated in a written offer, why a party is selling or buying a particular piece of property, whether a seller or buyer will agree to financing terms other than those offered, and any other information.To know more about transaction broker relationship, check the given links.
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Janelle's a broker who owns a small firm. she has decided that the firm will be a single agency firm. this means that her agents represent ______.
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The fact that Janelle is a broker who owns a small firm that is a single agency firm means that her agents will represent either the buyer or the seller in each transaction.
What is a single agency firm?There are several types of brokerage agencies with single agency firms being one of them. Such firms will only represent a single party in a transaction which allows them to seek for the best deal with no bias.
Janelle's firm being a single agency firm therefore means that those agents who work for her will either represent the sellers in a transaction, or the buyers, and not both.
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When approaching a curve the best thing to do is:
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An investor claims a prospectus contained an untrue statement. For purposes of bringing a civil suit for liability under Section 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, and claiming damages, the information must have been untrue at what time
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An investor claims a prospectus contained an untrue statement. For purposes of bringing a civil suit for liability under Section 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, and claiming damages, the information must have been untrue at the time of sale.
What Is the Securities Act of 1933?Following the 1929 stock market disaster, the Securities Act of 1933 was developed and enacted into law to safeguard investors. The Act had two main objectives: to establish regulations against deception and fraudulent activity in the securities markets; and to ensure greater transparency in financial statements so that investors may make informed investment decisions.
Securities Exempt from SEC Registration
The Act's registration requirement does not apply to all securities offerings. These incorporate:
Intrastate products and servicesLimited-size offeringsMunicipal, state, and federal government-issued securitiesPrivate offerings to a select few people or organizations.The Securities Act of 1933 also sought to outlaw false statements and deception. The measure aims to end fraud that occurs during the sale of securities.
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Who are the main stakeholders that the y is attempting to reach with the information it has gained through its market research free answer
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Y is attempting to reach the following stakeholders through its research information:
Primary stakeholders: Primary stakeholders involve beneficiaries or the target of the efforts. These are the people who are involved in or the participants in a particular organization or they can be the residents of a particular geographical area or they can be a particular type of people community.
Secondary stakeholders: these are those people who are not directly involved but they are involved in connection to the primary stakeholders such as doctors, social workers, schools and their employees means those persons whose jobs and works get effected by the process or result of the effort.
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True or false: Saving files to provide an audit trail and review any remediations is not at all critical.
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This is false. Saving files to provide an audit trail and review any remediations is not at all critical.
What is the audit trail?This is the term that is used to refer to the record of changes that have occurred in a given database.
The audit trail is used to show the sequence of activities that have taken place that may have an effect in the database.
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If a firm has two divisions and one division is riskier than the other, what would be the potential result if the firm used its overall wacc to evaluate the projects in both divisions?
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If a firm uses an overall WACC for both the projects this will have impact on both the projects as the riskier project will show positive result as the WACC will be lower as compared to what should be and the less riskier project will show negative results as compared to when calculated with own WACC.
What is Interest Rate?Interest rate is the rate of borrowing in the market, however to calculate WACC this interest rate is adjusted with other factors such as, the risk of the project or company.
The risk have a significant effect over the WACC and therefore it is highly recommended that project specific WACC is used.
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Benny is considering investing in Larkman, Inc. The current price of Larkman is $62 a share, the after-tax earnings are $37,900,000, and there are 13,000,000 outstanding shares of common stock. What is Larkman's price/earnings ratio
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Option B. 21.3 is Larkman's price/earnings ratio.
Common stock is a type of stock issued to the majority of a company's shareholders. Common shareholders enjoy certain rights that the other party to the preferred stock does not have. Instead of receiving regular payments, ordinary shareholders derive value from their stock as the company grows.
In other words, it's a way to split ownership of a company. Common stock represents the percentage of ownership of a company. For example, if a company has 100 issued shares, one share is equivalent to 1% of the company's ownership.
Common stock is a type of security that represents ownership of a company. There are other terms that correspond to common stock, such as B. Common stock, common stock, and voting stock.
Your question is incomplete. please read below to find the full content.
Benny is considering investing in Larkman, Inc. The current price of Larkman is $62 a share, the after-tax earnings are $37,900,000, and there are 13,000,000 outstanding shares of common stock. What is Larkman's price/earnings ratio?
a. 15.5
b. 21.3
c. 4.77
d. 17.6
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Patterson’s patties is a fast-food hamburger chain with over 1,000 locations worldwide. Recently, the company has been dealing with an e. Coli outbreak in its ground beef causing dozens of diners to get sick. As a result, the chain’s sales are taking a hit. The company is organizing its response to the situation from its small 20-person home office, where morale has also gone down. What medium of communication should the ceo of patterson’s use to communicate with customers and home office employees?.
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The communication medium that will be used in this scenario is the use of SMS to pass the information to them.
What is communication?It should be noted that communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols or behavior.
Communication is the act of giving, receiving, and sharing information and good communicators listen carefully, speak or write clearly, and respect different opinions.
For communicating with customers, I would use a medium of SMS to the customer's registered mobile numbers and social media to inform them regarding the problem.
This would help to reach out to customers far and wide and this communication can be executed within a short span of time, as is the requirement of the situation.
To communicate with the home office employees, who are 20 in number, I would suggest using voice calling them to take necessary measures and ensure the safety and health of consumers.
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Under which of the following circumstances may investment bankers review an equity research report prior to publication
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(B) To verify the factual accuracy investment bankers review an equity research report prior to publication.
What are investment bankers?A financial institution's investment banker is largely responsible for obtaining cash for firms, governments, or other entities.The investment banking industry is attractive because it pays handsomely.Investment bankers must have great verbal and writing communication skills, as well as the ability to work long and demanding hours.Prior to publication, investment bankers analyze an equities research report to ensure its accuracy.Large, complex financial transactions are facilitated by investment bankers. These transactions may include arranging for a client's acquisition, merger, or sale. Another duty of investment bankers is to issue securities in order to raise capital.As the description itself says, prior to publication, investment bankers analyze an equities research report to ensure its accuracy.
Therefore, (B) to verify the factual accuracy investment bankers review an equity research report prior to publication.
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Complete question:
Under what circumstances may investment banking personnel review an equity research report prior to publication?
A) To prevent a recommendation that may alienate a client company
B) To verify its factual accuracy
C) Under no circumstances
D) To ensure a favorable recommendation
The divergence between an option's intrinsic value and its market value is usually greatest when ___________________. Group of answer choices the option is far out of the money the option is approximately at the money time to expiration is very low the option is deep in the money
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The divergence between an option's intrinsic value and its market value is usually greatest when the option is approximately at money.
What is option's intrinsic value?The value an option would have today if it were exercised is referred to as its intrinsic value. Basically, the intrinsic value is the difference between the strike price of an option being profitable or in-the-money and the market price of the stock.
How to calculate option's intrinsic value?Depending on whether the option is a call or a put, the intrinsic value is determined differently; nevertheless, the strike price of the option and the value of the underlying asset are always used:
Call options that are profitable: Price of Underlying Asset - Strike Price = Intrinsic ValuePut options that are in the black Strike Price - Underlying Asset Price = Intrinsic ValueLearn more about option's intrinsic value refer here:
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In a limited partnership, limited partners do not have the same rights as general partners to participate in management. Group of answer choices False True
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In a limited partnership, limited partners do not have the same rights as general partners to participate in management. This statement is true.
What is a limited partnership?
A limited partnership is a type of partnership that is made up of general partners and limited partners. The liability of limited partners is limited to the amount invested in the business while the general partners have unlimited liabilities.
The limited partner cannot partake in the daily running of the business unlike the general partner.
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True or false: Controlling involves developing goals and preparing various budgets to achieve those goals.
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False, Planning involves developing goals and preparing various budgets to achieve those goals not controlling
Controlling involves determining if goals have been followed and taking corrective measures
Control is a management feature that helps you check for errors in order to take corrective action. This is done to minimize deviations from standards and ensure that the organization's set goals are achieved in the desired way.
The corporate governance management process is when managers define, measure, improve and manage cost management of their business operations. Control processes allow enterprises to manage changes in their supply chain, customer demand, and other variables that affect their lives.
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If the federal government requires state governments to implement a public health program but does not grant the state governments any money to run that program, the federal requirement is a(n)?
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When the federal government implements a new program but does not release any grants to state governments to carry out the program, this is an Unfunded mandate.
What is an unfunded mandate?This refers to a policy by the federal government which would have to affect all the states because the federal government is national.
A lot of the time., the federal government will give states funds to enable them to carry about new programs from the federal level so that the programs can be implemented effectively. Sometimes however, they won't do this and this will be an unfunded mandate.
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Hudson-473 Inc. has provided the following information: Cost per Unit Cost per Period Direct materials $ 7.15 Direct labor $ 3.90 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 1.40 Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 16,200 Sales commissions $ 0.60 Variable administrative expense $ 0.70 Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 6,600 The company expects to sell 10,000 units. If the selling price is $21.70 per unit, the contribution margin per unit sold is closest to:
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Explanation:
Dear Sir is the difference between 19 y65 and his wife and the company has been in the process involve the law of the law enforcement of the United Arab and you can get to day life
You deposit $500 in an account earning 5% interest compounded annually. How much will you have in the account in 20 years
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If you deposit $500 in an account earning 5% interest compounded annually, the account balance in 20 years will be $1,326.65.
What is the future value?The future value represents the value of a cash flow or investment over a period compounded periodically at an interest rate.
The future value can be determined using the future value formula, table, or an online finance calculator, as in this case.
Data and Calculations:N (# of periods) = 20 years
I/Y (Interest per year) = 5%
PV (Present Value) = $500
PMT (Periodic Payment) = $0
Results:
FV = $1,326.65
Total Interest = $826.65
Thus, if you deposit $500 in an account earning 5% interest compounded annually, the account balance in 20 years will be $1,326.65.
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The amount that would be in the account in 20 years is $1,326.65
What is compound interest?
Compound interest means that interest earned previously would earn additional interest in future, in other words, interest upon interest is earned.
In order to determine the accumulated amount in the account after 20 years, we would make use of the future value of a single cash flow:
FV=PV*(1+r)^N
FV=future value after 20 years=unknown
PV=initial deposit=$500
r=annually compounded interest rate=5%
N=20 years
FV=$500*(1+5%)^20
FV=$1,326.65
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Place each of the following labels in the proper position on the curve where each of the indicated items would occur.
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The questions seeks to test the students knowledge about bio-electrical impulses. See the correct arrangement of items according to the position on the curve where each event would occur.
What is the right arrangement from the information given?Section A:
1. Sodium ions depolarize the membrane at the axon hillock when they arrive there.
2. The membrane's potential is becoming less negative.
Section B:
1. Voltage-gated Na+ channels open quickly at threshold.
2. Threshold
3. -55 mV, , and
4. The inflow of sodium is higher than at resting membrane potential or at any other time.
Section C
1. Potassium voltage-gated channels open
Section D:
1: Hyperpolarization
Section E:
1. Resting membrane potential
2. -70 mV
What are bioelectrical impulses?Bioelectrical signals, which can be measured from biological beings like humans, have very low amplitudes and low frequencies.
The complex self-regulatory system produces bioelectrical signals, which can be detected by observing changes in electrical potential within a cell or organ.
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When a state acts in its sovereign capacity, __________. Multiple Choice it has the right to forgive corporations for violations of the Clayton Act it can legalize bribery it is liable for triple damages it can force defendants to civil suits to enter a plea of nolo contendere it is immune from federal antitrust scrutiny
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When a state acts in its sovereign capacity, it is immune from federal antitrust scrutiny.
What is Federal Antitrust Law?Antitrust laws, also known as competition laws, are regulations created by the American government to defend consumers from unfair commercial practices. In an open-market economy, they make sure there is fair competition. Along with the market, these rules have developed, vigilantly preventing potential monopolies and interference with the healthy flow of competition.Market allocation, bid rigging, price fixing, and monopolies are just a few of the commercial practices that are subject to antitrust legislation. We look at the behaviors that these laws forbid below.Without these restrictions, customers would not benefit from a variety of options or market competition.Know more about Federal Antitrust Law with the help of the given link:
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Pair Programming in Perspective: Effects on Persistence, Achievement, and Equity in Computer Science
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Answer:
Pair programming is a form of collaborative learning in computer science that involves two students working together on a coding project. Pair programming may also facilitate interactions that improve the climate for women and student of colors, there by reducing equity gaps in achievements and persistence .
Effects on persistence :
Pair programming improves design quality ,reduces defects , reduces staffing risk, enhances technical skill, improves team communications and is considered more enjoyable at statistically significantly levels .
Achievements of pair programming :
More efficient it puts two programmers to develop a single program .
Fewer coding mistakes , it allows the driver to remain focus on the code begin written.
An effective way to share knowledge it allows programmers to get instant face to face instructions .
Equity in computer science :
Is an agile software development technique originating from extreme programming in which two developers team together on one computer .
The two people work together to design , code and text user stories .
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