Which is the synthetic equivalent of corticosteroids produced by the adrenal glands?
Fludrocortisone is a synthetic mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands. Synthetic corticosteroids are exogenous analogues of naturally occurring glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids produced by the adrenal glands.
Corticosteroids are natural hormones made by the adrenal cortex which are important for maintaining good health. There are two types of corticosteroids, the glucocorticoids and the mineralocorticoids. The major corticosteroids are aldosterone and cortisol and they are secreted from the adrenal cortex .The major adrenal hormones are synthesized at different locations of adrenal cortex like glucocorticoids (particularly cortisol) is made in the zona fasciculata (ZF), androgens and estrogens in the zona reticularis (ZR), and aldosterone in the zona glomerulosa (ZG).
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One evidence supporting punctuated equilibrium?
Answer: it indicated macroevolution will typically involve cladogenesis, rather than anagenetic modification of populations
Explanation:
(ii) The number and size of the Golgi apparatus in the maize cell increases during
one stage of the cell cycle.
In which stage of the cell cycle would the number and size of the Golgi
apparatus increase?
Answer:
Explanation:
Golgi protein levels increase during interphase. The Golgi apparatus, like other organelles, is thought to double in size or number prior to equal partitioning between daughter cells (2).
An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a __ quizlet
Autotroph
An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called an autotroph.
What are autotrophs?
An organism that has the ability to make its own food from inorganic materials is known as an autotroph. Contrarily, heterotrophs are organisms that are dependent on the eating of other species for their survival because they are unable to manufacture their own nutrients. Because they frequently provide food for heterotrophs, autotrophs are crucial producers in the ecosystem.
The most prevalent kinds of autotrophs are plants, which make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. In order to create nutrition from light, plants contain a specialized organelle called a chloroplast within their cells. These organelles generate glucose, a basic sugar needed for energy, as well as oxygen as a byproduct when combined with water and carbon dioxide. In addition to providing nutrients for the producing plant, glucose also serves as an energy source for the plants' consumers. Algae, plankton, and some varieties of bacteria are additional examples of autotrophs that engage in photosynthesis.
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How do stabilizing and disruptive selection differ? how do stabilizing and disruptive selection differ?
Disruptive selection is made of natural selection which favor both extreme phenotype and both from one extreme in directional selection. Stabilizing selection is favors the middle phenotype, average trait value over two extreme trait values.
Both the selection are disruptive selection favors phenotype while stabilizing selection favors average phenotype in population , eliminating both extreme.Disruptive selection also known as diversifying selection.
Stabilizing selection is natural selection pursue population towards the average or median . Normally environment favors average phenotype within a population.Both are two natural selection , affect the distribution of phenotype within a population,Applies to a phenotype trait.
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Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called:.
Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called Empty Calories.
Calories can be defined as the amount of energy extracted from the food which an individual eats throughout the day. According to dietary guidelines, a young person [20-25 years old] must intake between 1,600 and 3,000 calories per day.
Foods such as sausages, ice cream, pizza, and soft drinks have a high amount of empty calories because solid fats and added sugars are used in their manufacturing to add flavors and make the food more appealing but they have no nutritional value.
The amount of empty calories a person intakes should be decreased by avoiding such food items and drinks.
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A chronic disease characterized by the continued use of a drug regardless of its harmful consequences is ___________________________.
A chronic disease characterized by the continued use of a drug regardless of its harmful consequences is addiction.
Addiction is a chronic illness marked by compulsive, or uncontrollable, drug or alcohol seeking and use despite negative effects and potentially long-lasting alterations in the brain. The negative behaviours exhibited by drug or alcohol users may result from these changes in the brain. Addiction is a relapsing illness as well. Relapse is the act of using again after making an effort to stop. The brain regions responsible for motivation, learning, and behaviour regulation are all impacted by addiction.
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A large forest fire burns in Canada, dropping black carbon on Greenland. Which of the following is true
In the case of the large forest fire burns in Canada, the option that is known to be true is option B: . The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
How do wildfires affect glaciers?A new study has shown that the exposure of glaciers to any kinds of wildfire smoke can lead to the glaciers melting faster than normal.
Note that this often affects mountain runoff that gives the main freshwater resources for all of life downstream.
Hence, In the case of the large forest fire burns in Canada, the option that is known to be true is option B: . The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
A large forest fire burns in Canada, dropping black carbon on Greenland. Which of the following is true?
A. The Greenland glaciers will be protected from melting as the ash will insulate the ice.
B. The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
C. The black carbon will not affect the Greenland glaciers.
D. It is unknown as to what effect the black carbon would have on the Greenland glaciers.
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What if the light intensity was 1000, but the only available wavelengths was 400. What do you predict would happen to the ATP production, and why?
ATP production depends only on intensity of light and not on wavelength of light.
The production of plant food, the size and color of leaves, and flowering are all impacted by light intensity. Plants that are grown in low light typically have spindly growth and leaves that are light green. Similar plants cultivated under intense lighting typically have shorter, better branches and larger, dark green leaves.
Lack of light causes the plants' leaves to yellow, their stems to weaken, and their leaves to shrink. Lack of light causes plants to eventually lose their color and perish. The growth of plants can potentially be harmed by excessive light exposure. One of the many elements influencing plant growth is light.
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A client undergoes cerebral angiography for evaluation of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. which findings indicate spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot?
Hemiplegia, seizures, and decreased level of consciousness are the findings which indicate spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot.
The spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot leads to symptoms similar to those of a stroke.
The subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur as a complication type of a stroke called a hemorrhagic stroke, or bleeding inside the brain.
The hemiplegia, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, aphasia, hemiparesis, and increased focal symptoms.
Therefore, nausea, vomiting, and profuse sweating suggest a delayed reaction to the contrast medium used in cerebral angiography. The difficulty in breathing or swallowing may signal a hematoma in the neck. Tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension suggest internal hemorrhage.
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Two solutions with similar solute concentrations are separated by a membrane that only water can pass through. One solution (B) is of greater volume than the other (A). What do you think will happen over time? Briefly explain your reasoning in 1-2 sentences including the solute concentration (increase/decrease) and final volume level (higher /tower) for A vs. B in your answer
If a container is divided into two compartments by membrane, both compartments are filled with a solution A an B having similar solute concentration, and a solution B is having higher volume. As the solutions are of same concentration there is no osmosis between two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane, they are said to be isotonic.
In this situation, water can freely pass the membrane without affecting the solute concentration on either side. Thus over a time both solution A and B will have no change in solute concentration and the level of solution B will be equilibrated with solution A.
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. When performing a cross with a Punnett square, the letter you write across the top and down the side of the square represent the possible ______________ the parents can pass to offspring carried on __________ chromosomes.
Genotype of one parent on top and other parent on side
Organisms inherit genetic material from their parents in the form of homologous chromosomes, containing a unique combination of DNA sequences that code for genes.
What is a Punnet square ?The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach in 1905. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotypeTo prepare a Punnett square, all possible combinations of the parental alleles are listed along the top (for one parent) and side (for the other parent) of a grid, representing their meiotic segregation into haploid gametes.Learn more about Punnet square here:
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3. jack is using plastic beads to model water molecules in each state of water. how shoule she the beads to represent water molecules in a solid? a they should be far apart and glued in place b. they should be close together and glued in place c. they should be far apart and allowed to move reely d thay should be close together
Jack should arrange the beads close together and slide past each other to represent water molecules in a liquid.
How are the molecules of water arranged when water is in its liquid phase?Each water molecule contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen, arranged such that one side of the molecule (nearest the hydrogens) is positively charged while the other side (nearest the oxygen) is negatively charged.They’re arranged randomly, and in random motion.In fact, they’re not even keeping the same hydrogen atoms, as they are constantly popping off and reforming on the nanosecond time scale.To learn more about water molecules,
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Differentiate between osmosis and active transport (4 marks)
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules down a concentration gradient through a semi-permeable membrane. Active transport is the movement of a substance against a concentration gradient.
What is Osmosis?Osmosis is the automatic net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a part of high water possibility (region of lower solute concentration) to parts of low water potential (region of higher solute concentration), in the order that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
It may also describe a physical process in which any solvent moves across a selectively absorptive membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) by dividing two explanations of different concentrations. Osmosis can be created to do work. Osmotic pressure is described as the external pressure required to be involved so that there is no net motion of solvent across the membrane. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property, suggesting that the osmotic pressure depends on the molar concentration of the solute though not on its individuality.
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Biosecurity includes actions and planning to prevent unauthorized?
Biosecurity includes actions and planning to prevent unauthorized entry into laboratories, removal or misuse of microbiological agents or hazardous agents
What is Biosecurity?Biosecurity refers to the protection and accountability of highly sensitive and mostly lethal biological agents and toxins in order to prevent them from exposure to the general public.
Biological toxins must be properly labelled and sealed so as to avoid inadvertent exposure. These toxins pose immense and immediate health risks to individuals exposed to them.
Action and planning is therefore required to ensure these biological agents are properly secured and to prevent unauthorized access, removal or exposure to biological hazardous agents.
Maximum security laboratories are often used to test and experiment with these biohazards.
In conclusion, biosecurity ensures that individuals without authorized access do not come in contact wuty biohazards.
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11. In plant cells grown in the presence of a metabolic poison that specifically inhibits mitochondrial F1ATP synthase, one would expect:
In plant cells grown in the presence of a metabolic poison that specifically inhibits mitochondrial F1ATP synthase, one would expect: An increase in the pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The electron transport chain can no longer pump electrons into the intermembrane space. The pH of the intermembrane space would increase, lowering the pH gradient and stopping ATP synthesis. The function of ATP synthase is to form ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) in the F1 sector. This is possible due to the energy derived from the gradient of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane from the intermembrane space into the matrix via the Fo part of the enzyme.
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A farm field that has used only inorganic fertilizer for the past 20 years is most likely to have A farm field that has used only inorganic fertilizer for the past 20 years is most likely to have:____.
a. more soil organisms, more soil structure, and increased nutrient holding capacity. b. more soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity. c. fewer soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity. d. fewer soil organisms and less soil structure but increased nutrient holding capacity.
Answer:
Fewer soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity.
What is the main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose?
The main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose is that polysaccharide take up less physical space. The polysaccharide is less susceptible to undesired oxidation.
Glucose molecules are soluble in water and thus can cause the cell to become hypertonic.
This will result in the entry of water molecules within the cells and cause it to lyse.
On the other hand, glycogen is insoluble in water and therefore stays inert. It does not cause any imbalance in osmotic pressure.
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For the next two problems, assume that you have type A blood and are heterozygous for this characteristic (AO). List all potential genotypes and phenotypes in the population, even if the % is zero
All potential genotypes and phenotypes in the population are ;
AA, AB, BB, AO, BO, OO.The phenotypes are type A,
type B, type AB, type O.This is further explained below.
What are phenotypes?Generally, the collection of observable traits that make up a person and are the product of their genetics and environment interacting.
In conclusion, The genetic make-up of an organism is what is meant when the word "genotype" is used in a general sense.
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Which division of time on the geologic time scale is the longest?
OA. A period
OB. An eon
C. An epoch
OD. An era
SUBMIT
The division of time on the geologic time scale that is the longest is an eon, which is in option B, as an eon can span billions of years and is divided into eras, which are then divided into periods and epochs.
What is geological time?The geologic time scale is a system used by geologists and other scientists to divide the history of Earth into specific intervals of time based on major events and changes in the planet's geology, climate, and life forms. The geologic time scale is divided into four main categories: eons, eras, periods, and epochs. An eon is the largest and longest division of time on the geologic time scale, spanning billions of years.
Hence, the division of time on the geologic time scale that is the longest is an eon, which is in option B.
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The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of IgG and complement. autoantibodies. IgE antibodies and mast cells. T cells and phagocytes. inflammatory chemicals.
The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of T cells and phagocytes.
Hypersensitivity IV type, also called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), involves T cell-antigen interactions that cause activation and secretion of cytokines. This type of hypersensitivity requires sensitized lymphocytes that respond 24–48 hours after exposure to soluble antigens. A type IV hypersensitivity reaction is a cell-mediated reaction that can occur in response to contact with certain allergens, resulting in what is called contact dermatitis, or in response to certain diagnostic procedures such as the tuberculin skin test. Certain allergens need to be avoided to treat this condition. Type IV hypersensitivity response is observed results from the action of T cells and macrophages while other types are mediated by antibodies. This reaction occurs at least 1–3 days after the initial exposure. Type IV hypersensitivity is the mechanism of many autoimmune disorders.
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types of magnifying lenses
Answer:
Explanation:
Biconvex lens: Distinguised by two spherical (convex) surfaces. ...
Aspheric Lens: Aspheric curves allow higher magnification with less distortion. ...
Aplanatic Lens: Consists of two equally strong plano-convex lenses. ...
Achromatic Lens: Top quality lens.
Which biomolecules are responsible for the brilliant coloring of anoxygenic phototrophs (e.g., some are bright orange, pink, or red)
carotenoids biomolecules are responsible for colouring anoxygenic autotrophs.
what are autotrophs ?
A primary producer, also referred as an autotroph, is an organism that uses energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions to create complex organic compounds from simple ones.
what do you mean by anoxygenic ?
anoxygenic means, when photosynthetic takes place without oxygen.
what are biomolecules ?
A chemical substance that is present in life forms is termed as biomolecule. The building blocks of life, biomolecules play critical role in all life forms.
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Germany has a population of 82,217,800. If there are 636,854 births, 827,155 deaths, 684,862 immigrants, and 680,766 emigrants, what is the new population?
A. 82,027,499
B. 82,316,181
C. 82,031,595
D. 1,962,666
Answer:
C. 82,031,595
Explanation:
82,217,800 + 636,854 - 827,155 + 684,862 - 680,766 = 82,031,595
This linked dataset Links to an external site. Lists body masses in kilograms for 20 mammal species, and their corresponding base metabolic rate in Watts. Copy the data into your preferred spreadsheet program, perform a natural log transform of both the base metabolic rates and the body masses of the mammals to improve the linear relationship, and then perform a linear regression on the data using the trendline feature. Use the linear regression equation to estimate (based on these data) what the base metabolic rate of a human of 40.57 kilograms is likely to be.
Some hints and suggestions: • Remember that your variables have been transformed, so you will need to account for this as you find the base rate in Watts. • When answering, input only digits, with no spaces, and round to two decimal places. 1 Mammal Size (kg) Base Metabolism (Watts) 2 4.67 11.57 3 1.02 2.56 4 0.206 0.73 5 0.19 0.86 6 0.105 0.55 7 0.3 1.1 8 61.235 61.16 9 0.2615 1.2 10 1.039 2.93 11 0.061 0.42 12 0.2615 1.2 13 127.006 105.34 14 70 82.78 15 2.33 4.2 16 1.3 1.73 17 9.5 16.05 18 1.011 2.07 19 0.225 1.3 20 0.8 4.39 21 102.058 89.55
The linear regression equation shows that the base metabolic rate of a human of 40.57 kilograms is likely to be 9.557.
How to explain the information?It should be noted that regression simply means a set of statistical process that is used for the estimation of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable. In the linear regression, it should be noted that the slope is the a that van be seen on the linear equation y = a + bx.
Based on the information given, it should be noted that for the human with a metabolic rate of 40.57 kilograms, the natural log will simply be:
x = In(40.57)
x = 1.6082
Therefore, the natural log for the metabolism rate will be:
Y = a + bx
Y = 1.0648 + (0.74148x)
Y = 1.0648 + (0.74148 × 1.6082)
Y = 1.0648 + 1.1925
Y = 2.2573
Then, we'll then take the inverse log of the above value which will be 9.557.
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If you intend to place a block of statements within an if statement, you must place these around the block.
If you intend to place a block of statements within an if statement, you must place curly braces { }
What are Curly Braces?Curly brackets are found on the same keys as the open bracket [and close bracket] on U.S. keyboards. They are also known as an open brace, close brace, squiggly brackets, and floral brackets.
Curly brackets are used to encapsulate the rules that will be applied to the selected items and to follow a select or rule.
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The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as
The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as homoplasies.
What about homoplasies?It is more frequently a modified version of an inherited characteristic. For instance, the scales that were already present in its reptilian parent led to the evolution of feathers in birds. Similar to reptiles, mammals developed fur from their predecessors' scales. The same set of data can typically yield more than one potential cladogram.Different species of legged lizards developed into snakes and lizards with limbless bodies.Natural selection does not affect a sizable number of mutations.They came to the conclusion that reptiles, birds, and mammals all descended from the same ancient reptilian progenitor.
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Stegosaurus' skull suggest that its diet consisted of relatively soft plants or relatively tough woody vegetation?
The shape of the Stegosaurus cranium allowed for extra jaw muscle mass than the alternative herbivores. This intended an extra green conversion of muscle energy into the pressure of the chew. The research indicates that Stegosaurus might be capable of foraging on huge sorts of flowers, which include ferns and cycads.
Stegosaurus ate gastroliths. Small stones that ground its favorite greens up in its belly. it's far believed to have eaten vegetation together with mosses, ferns, horsetails, cycads, and conifers or culmination.
The stegosaurus turned into such a cool dinosaur. It had neat plates and spikes covering its tail, again, and neck that made it appear very exclusive. however, it was additionally a plant-consuming device! It had a toothless beak for nipping low-mendacity vegetation like ferns, cycads, and pines.
The small blunt teeth show that Stegosaurus become an herbivore. It had a huge intestine to break down the plants it ate. Stegosaurus became maximum probably prey for the likes of Allosaurus, Torvosaurus, and perhaps even smaller meat eaters.
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Explain how a single allele can exhibit both complete dominance and codominance?
Complete dominance is only one allele in the genotype seen in phenotype .Both alleles genotype are seen in the phenotype.
Alleles aren't fully dominant or recessive to one another, but instead display co-dominance and dominance. Co-dominance occurs when Allen show dominance. ABO blood group is good example of multiple alleles which shows co-dominance passed from parents to the offspring.
Dominance in which dominant allele is fully expressed while suppressing recessive allele effect on phenotype.and co-dominance are the process in which both alleles independently work and express effect without mixing the effects.Both are two types of genetic inheritance. It is a condition which has dominant allele does not completely mask the effect of recessive allele.
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PLEASE ANSWER QUICK
What makes eukaryotes different from prokaryotes?
Multicellularity
All of the choices
Highly Organized Cell Interior
Sexual Reproduction
Answer:Scientists believe that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes around 2.7 billion years ago. The primary distinction between these two types of organisms is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not.
Explanation: