enanimines and imines are tuatomers that contain n atoms. draw a stepwise mechanism for the acid-catalyzed conversion

Answers

Answer 1

The acid-catalyzed conversion of enamines to imines involves a stepwise mechanism that includes protonation, rearrangement, and deprotonation.

The terms enamines, imines, and tautomers are essential in understanding the acid-catalyzed conversion mechanism. Enaminines and imines are tautomers, which means they are isomers that can readily interconvert by the transfer of a hydrogen atom. In this case, they contain nitrogen (N) atoms.

For the acid-catalyzed conversion of enamines to imines, the stepwise mechanism is as follows:

1. Protonation: The enamine reacts with an acid (e.g. H₃O⁺), and the nitrogen atom (N) in the enamine becomes protonated, forming a positively charged intermediate.

2. Rearrangement: The positively charged intermediate undergoes a 1,2-hydride shift (a hydrogen atom with its two electrons is transferred to the neighboring carbon atom).

3. Deprotonation: The positively charged nitrogen atom in the iminium ion is deprotonated by a water molecule, leading to the formation of the imine and regeneration of the acid catalyst.

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Related Questions

How does fertilizer affect nitrogen cycle

Answers

Cuando se usa demasiado fertilizante para las plantas una parte de ese nitrógeno no vuelve a la atmósfera y a cambio contamina el medio ambiente

Explanation:

the nitrogen cycle is a natural process that adds nitrogen to the soil. however the use of fertilizer has increased the amount of usable nitrogen in the soil

Explain why a halogen bulb has a longer bulb life than a traditional incandescent bulb filled with argon.

Answers

Answer:

The halogen bulb lasts longer because the filament lasts longer. It can have twice the life of an incandescent and use the same amount or slightly less (10%) electricity.

Explanation:

1. Which of the following is the most important function of the microscope?
A. measuring specimen
B. magnification of the specimen
C. photographing the specimen
D. locating and viewing the specimen
image or​

Answers

I think B magnification of the specimen

What type of energy transformation happens during photosynthesis?
(select the BEST answer choice
thermal --> radiant
chemical --> radiant
chemical --> thermal
radiant --> chemical

Answers

Answer:

radiant - chemical is the best answer

Imran did an experiment to see how changing the
surface area of limestone affected the rate at which
it reacts with hydrochloric acid. He timed how long it
took for the reaction to produce 50 cm3 of carbon
dioxide gas. His results are shownin the picture

a) Explain why changing the surface area has the
effect that it does.

b) What must Imran have done to make this
experiment a fair test?

c) Write a word equation for this reaction (limestone
is calcium carbonate).​

Answers

whatm iş your name msmsjwjnsnwjq

A gas in a piston starts out with a volume of 156 mL, a temperature of 28.1° C, and a pressure of 1.12 atm. If it ends with a volume of 312 mL and a temperature of 87.2° C, what is the new pressure?

Answers

Answer:

0.67atm is the new pressure of the gas

Explanation:

To find one condition of a gas when pressure, volume and absolute temperature change we must use combined gas law:

[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

Where P is pressure, V is volume and T is absolute temperature of 1, initial state and 2, final state of the gas.

Replacing:

P₁ = 1.12atm

V₁ = 156mL

T₁ = 28.1°C + 273.15K = 301.25K

P₂ = ?

V₂ = 312mL

T₂ = 87.2°C + 273.15 = 360.35K

1.12atm*156mL / 301.25K = P₂*312mL / 360.35K

P₂ = 0.67atm is the new pressure of the gas

In the chemical equation, H202-H2O + O2, the H2O2 is a

reactant
catalyst
product
solid

Answers

Reactant I believe, though I could be wrong

Answer:

product

Explanation:

Which two ways the nervous and endocrine systems interact?

Answers

Answer:

Along with the nervous system, the endocrine system coordinates the body's functions to maintain homeostasis during rest and exercise. The nervous and endocrine systems also work together to initiate and control movement, and all the physiological processes movement involves.

Explanation:

How many moles of hydrogen do you need to react with 0.85 moles of nitrogen?

Answers

Answer:

6 moles

Explanation:

You have a 1:3 ratio between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas

How many grams of carbon is needed to react with hydrogen gas to produce 59.8 grams of acetylene (C2H2)?

Answers

Answer:

[tex]55.1657[/tex] grams/mol of carbon is needed to react with hydrogen gas to produce 59.8 grams of acetylene (C2H2)

Explanation:

The molecular weight of acetylene is  26.04 g/mol

Molecular weight of carbon is equal to 12.011 g/mol

Two carbon atom produces one acetylene molecule.

Thus, 2 * 12.011 g/mol of carbon is used to produce  26.04 g/mol of acetylene,

Amount of carbon required to produce 59.8 grams of acetylene

[tex]\frac{2*12.011}{26.04} * 59.8 \\= 55.1657[/tex]grams/mol

[tex]55.1657[/tex] grams/mol of carbon is needed to react with hydrogen gas to produce 59.8 grams of acetylene (C2H2)

45 grams of ammonia, NH3, in 0.75 L of solution.

Answers

2.3 moles of sodium chloride in 0.45 liters of solution . necessarile correct ... 0.025 L. (1.3 SF). 45 grams of ammonia in 0.75 L of solution. 45g x 1 mol = 2. demol ... anol x 1,50 = 3 mol NaOH x 40,019 = 120g Naolt.

This is for Earth/Space Science. Please help me and thank you in advance. I need this quickly please and thank you.


Which statement describes the solar feature shooting off into space labeled C?


1. A brief eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface

2. A dark spot appearing from time to time on the sun's surface

3. A stream of glowing gas that shoots out from the sun in an arch

4. An envelope of plasma surrounding the sun

Answers

I think the answer should be number 3

Which of the following is a limitation of using a model to study a natural event?
A.
The results of a model event are often much more accurate than those of the actual event.
B.
The model and the results it generates will have no relation at all to the actual event.
C.
The size and design of the model will be too similar to the actual event.
D.
The results of a model event may not be similar enough to the results of the actual event.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

why i say that is because take for example a volcano, when you make a model, you'll see what takes place in a real eruption but in real life the lava would burn things in its path, the model volcano may not. That's just an example

Answer:

D

Explanation:

I got it right on study island

i really need help with this​

Answers

Answer:

the process shown here is endocytosis.

Explanation:

endocytosis is a process of taking something inside the cell..

A group of 6 students was asked, "How many hours did you watch television last week?" Here are their responses.
7,9,4,13,13,16
Find the mean number of hours for these students.
If necessary, round your answer to the nearest tenth.

Answers

Answer:

10.3

Explanation:

Please help with chem ASAP

Answers

Answer:

Imagine Dragon

Explanation:

These balls across yo face

Gottem

Since the speed of light, “c”, is 0.3% slower in air than it is in outer space, how does that affect the observed wavelengths?

Answers

Answer:

....interesting

what is the equation for hydrogen peroxide

Answers

Answer:

H2O2

Explanation:

2 hydrogen, 2 oxygen wikipedia it

Answer:

hey!

Your answer is that the equation for Hydrogen Peroxide is [tex]H_{2}[/tex][tex]O_{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

Its formed when [tex]H_{2}[/tex]O and [tex]O_{2}[/tex] react chemically together!

HOPE THIS HELPED!

A student investigated temperature changes during a reaction. Figure 2 shows the apparatus the student usesWhat is the biggest error in this investigation.Suggest two improvements to the apparatus which would increase the accuracy of the experiment.
[3 marks]

Answers

Answer:

it is becuse the students used wrong apparatus

The biggest error in this investigation is the use of inappropriate types of equipment.

The types of equipment used in the given setup are inappropriate. Suggested improvements in the apparatus to increase the accuracy are given below:

1. The use of a polystyrene cup in the laboratory for any reaction is inappropriate. As a slight increase in temperature causes the decomposition of the chemicals in the cup as well.

2. The use of a thermometer stand is a must. Without using the stand, the tip of the thermometer touches the lid of the container, which causes inaccuracies in the result.

Hence, all the suggestions are listed above.

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4 OT 5
A 35g chunk of metal at 130C was dropped in a bucket containing 220g of water at 25C. The final temperature of the mixture
was 300. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
(Specific heat for water: 4184 J/g C) Formula (m)(c)(T) = (m) (c)(T)

Answers

Answer: The specific heat capacity of metal is [tex]1.31J/g^0C[/tex]

Explanation:

[tex]Q_{absorbed}=Q_{released}[/tex]

As we know that,  

[tex]Q=m\times c\times \Delta T=m\times c\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})[/tex]

[tex]m_1\times c\times (T_{final}-T_1)=-[m_2\times c\times (T_{final}-T_2)][/tex]      

where,

[tex]m_1[/tex] = mass of metal = 35 g

[tex]m_2[/tex] = mass of water = 220 g

[tex]T_{final}[/tex] = final temperature = [tex]30^0C[/tex]

[tex]T_1[/tex] = temperature of metal = [tex]130^oC[/tex]

[tex]T_2[/tex] = temperature of water = [tex]25^oC[/tex]

[tex]c_1[/tex] = specific heat of metal = ?

[tex]c_2[/tex] = specific heat of water =  [tex]4.184J/g^0C[/tex]

Now put all the given values in equation (1), we get

[tex]m_1\times c_1\times (T_{final}-T_1)=-[m_2\times c_2\times (T_{final}-T_2)][/tex]

[tex]35\times c_1\times (30-130)^0C=-[220g\times 4.184\times (30-25)][/tex]

[tex]c_1=1.31J/g^0C[/tex]

Therefore, the specific heat capacity of metal is [tex]1.31J/g^0C[/tex]

You start with 2.5g of magnesium and add it to 400mL of CO2 at 23 o C and 1atm. How many grams of magnesium oxide will be formed?

Answers

Answer:

0.664 g are formed by the reaction.

Explanation:

First of all, we determine the reaction:

Mg + CO₂  →  MgO  + CO

We need to determine the moles of the CO₂ by the Ideal Gases Law.

We convert to L, the volume → 400 mL = 0.4L

T° → 23°C + 273 = 296K

P . V = n . R .T

n = P . V / R .T

n = (1 atm . 0.4L) / (0.082 . 296K) → 0.0165 moles

Moles of Mg → 2.5 g . 1mol / 24.3g = 0.103 moles

As ratio is 1:1, CO₂ is the limiting reactant.

For 1 mol of Mg, we need 1 mol of gas

Then, for 0.103 moles of Mg, we need 0.103 moles of gas, but we only have 0.0165 moles.

If we see the product side, ratio is also 1:1

0.0165 moles of CO₂ must produce 0.0165 moles of MgO.

We convert the moles to mass → 0.0165 mol . 40.3 g /1mol = 0.664 g

What does a nonpolar covalent bond show about the electronegativities of its
two atoms?
A. The electronegativity of both of the atoms is zero.
B. The electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.
O c. The difference in electronegativities of the two atoms is very
small.
O D. The difference in electronegativities is greater than 1.7.

Answers

Answer:

B. The electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.


A sample of Oxygen gas is in a cylinder at constant temperature. What would happen to the pressure of the gas if the volume was
smooshed down to half its original size? Decreasing the volume by a factor of 2.

Answers

Answer:

This means that the pressure would become double of it's initial pressure.

Explanation:

Key statements:

- Constant temperature

- What happens to the pressure of the gas if the volume was

smooshed down to half its original size?

Basically the question is asking about the relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature. This is given by Boyle's law.

Boyle's law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to it's volume at a fixed temperature.

This is given by;

P1V1 = P2V2

Where;

P1 = Initial pressure

P2 = Final pressure

V1 = Initial Volume

V2 = Final Volume

From the question;

V2 = V1/2

Inserting it into the equation;

P1 V1 = P2 V1/2

Divide all through by  V1

P1  = P2 /2

P2 = 2 P1

This means that the pressure would become double of it's initial pressure.

A chemical reaction that is expected to form 325.0 gof product only forms 123.8 g of product. What is the percent yield of this reaction?
38.1%
61.9%
201.2%
262.5%

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf A. \ 38.1 \%}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Percent yield is the ratio of the amount actually produced to how much could theoretically be produced. It is found using this formula:

[tex]\% \ yield = \frac{actual \ yield}{theoretical \ yield} *100[/tex]

For this reaction, the theoretical or expected yield is 325.0 grams. The actual yield is 123.8 grams.

[tex]\% \ yield = \frac{ 123.8 \ g }{325.0 \ g }*100[/tex]

Divide.

[tex]\% \ yield = 0.380923077 *100[/tex]

[tex]\% \ yield = 38.0923077[/tex]

Round to the nearest hundredth. The 9 in the hundredth place tells us to round the 0 to a 1 .

[tex]\% \ yield \approx 38.1[/tex]

The percent yield is about 38.1%

Answer:

38.1%

Explanation:

What is a song that gets you in a mood? ;)

Answers

Happy by Pharrell Williams

Answer:

Uhm- s-- money- feelings- die? But, slowed -w-

Explanation:

Single strand RNA is made using the genetic instructions from double strand DNA.
Proteins are made from the instructions in RNA.

True
False

Answers

False I’m pretty sure

1) Write the symbol and charge for each individual ion
2) Balance the charge so that they equal to zero
3)Write the formula based on how many of each ion you used in step 2


11) Beryllium and Phosphorus
12) cesium and Sulfur
13) Lithium and phosphorus
14) fluorine and rubidium
15) Francium and oxygen

Answers

Answer:

I'm pretty sure these are correct

11) Be 2+ and P 3-    Formula is Be3P2  

12) Cs 1+ and S 2-    Formula: Cs2S

13) Li 1+ and P 3-      Formula: Li3P

14) Rb 1+ and F 1-     Formula: RbF

15) Fr 1+ and O 2-    Formula: Fr2O

Explanation:

You do the criss-cross method where the charge on one ion becomes the amount on the second

Are humans made of matter ?

Answers

Answer:

The are we made of matter?

paano mag ka jowa? any suggestions?​

Answers

Well just wait for the right time to come, Because if you wait for the right time, you're gonna find someone who you really want- I'm bad at understanding tagalog

Answer:

Time will come

Explanation:

God has a plan for you

Please help: A complete moon cycle is how many weeks

Answers

Answer:

29.5 days

Explanation:

its 29.5 days i hope it helps

Answer:

The Moon takes 27.3 days to orbit Earth, but the lunar phase cycle (from new Moon to new Moon) is 29.5 day

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