The ionic polarization mechanism in a relaxor ferroelectric involves the displacement of ions within the crystal lattice in response to an applied electric field. In a relaxor ferroelectric, the crystal structure is disordered and lacks long-range order, unlike a typical ferroelectric material that has a well-defined and ordered crystal structure.
Under the influence of an AC electric field, the ions in a relaxor ferroelectric experience a complex interplay of dipolar and ionic motions, which gives rise to a highly polarized state. This polarization arises due to the displacement of the ions within the polyhedron in response to the AC excitation. This displacement of ions creates a net dipole moment, leading to the formation of a ferroelectric domain.
The exact mechanism of the ionic polarization in relaxor ferroelectrics is still not completely understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of several factors, including the cooperative Jahn-Teller tilting of the polyhedron to accommodate phonon dispersion and the formation of polar nanoregions due to the fluctuations in the crystal structure.
In contrast to the traditional ferroelectric materials, the ionic polarization in a relaxor ferroelectric occurs over a range of temperatures and electric fields, resulting in a broad frequency response. This behavior makes relaxor ferroelectrics attractive for a range of applications, including ultrasonic transducers, capacitors, and piezoelectric devices.
Regarding the second part of the question, wrinkled graphene is being considered as a potential electrode material in a supercapacitor due to its high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. Wrinkled graphene is a 3D version of graphene that has a corrugated surface, which allows for a larger surface area and higher capacitance than flat graphene electrodes.
The wrinkles and folds in the graphene sheet create a porous structure that enhances the accessibility of electrolyte ions to the electrode surface, leading to higher energy storage capacity. Additionally, the high electrical conductivity of graphene enables efficient charge transfer between the electrode and electrolyte, resulting in high power density and fast charging rates.
To know more about ionic polarization mechanism refer here
https://brainly.com/question/31328862#
#SPJ11
what conversion factor is needed to calculate the number of atoms in 8.6 moles of Aluminum?
A. 1 mole/ 6.02x10^23 atmos
B. 6.02X10^23 atoms/ 1 mole
C. 1 mole/ 26.98zg
D. 26.982g/ 1 mole
Answer:hey did you ever get an answer? I need it for this exam
Explanation:
Is it okay if you help me? I'm kind of in a tight spot here. Tysmmmmmmmmmmmmm o(❁´◡`❁)o!!
Answer:
C. Remains constant
Explanation:
Hope this helps (:
paano mag ka jowa? any suggestions?
Well just wait for the right time to come, Because if you wait for the right time, you're gonna find someone who you really want- I'm bad at understanding tagalog
Answer:
Time will come
Explanation:
God has a plan for you
Why is red tide dangerous to ocean animals?
Answer:
Karenia brevis produces toxins called brevetoxins that affect a variety of marine wildlife. Aquatic organisms can be exposed to brevetoxins in several ways: coming into contact with K. brevis cells or toxins in the water, ingesting cells, inhaling toxins and consuming toxic prey.
Explanation:
Identify the type of intermolecular force for water, vegetable oil, and corn syrup.
Answer:
Intermolecular force for oil the dipole-dipole.
Intermolecular force for water hydrogen bonds.
Intermolecular force for vegetable oil nonpolar compound.
Intermolecular force for corn syrup fructose.
BRAINLIST!!
Water often has dissolved gases and other chemicals in it. When this water encounters rocks, the minerals in the rocks can be changed by the process of
A.
deposition
B.
erosion
C.
sedimentary mineralization
D.
chemical weathering.
Is it okay if you help me? I'm kind of in a tight spot here. Tysmmmmmmmmmmmmm o(❁´◡`❁)o!!
Answer:
Not sure, but I think ot is chemical bonds because chemical potential energy are stored energy in a chemical bond. Hope this helps, thank you !!
A chemical reaction that is expected to form 325.0 gof product only forms 123.8 g of product. What is the percent yield of this reaction?
38.1%
61.9%
201.2%
262.5%
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf A. \ 38.1 \%}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Percent yield is the ratio of the amount actually produced to how much could theoretically be produced. It is found using this formula:
[tex]\% \ yield = \frac{actual \ yield}{theoretical \ yield} *100[/tex]
For this reaction, the theoretical or expected yield is 325.0 grams. The actual yield is 123.8 grams.
[tex]\% \ yield = \frac{ 123.8 \ g }{325.0 \ g }*100[/tex]
Divide.
[tex]\% \ yield = 0.380923077 *100[/tex]
[tex]\% \ yield = 38.0923077[/tex]
Round to the nearest hundredth. The 9 in the hundredth place tells us to round the 0 to a 1 .
[tex]\% \ yield \approx 38.1[/tex]
The percent yield is about 38.1%
Answer:
38.1%
Explanation:
Which of the following compounds
does not contain a polar Covalent bond
A) CH2 CH₂ CH₂OH
B) ozone
C)CH₂ CH (NH₂) CH₂ CH2
D) CH4 CH₂ CH₂ Ch
H2 li
Answer:
the correct answer is letter B
Increasing an airplane's speed or wing size does which of the following? O A. Creates a sonic boom B. Generates more lifting force O C. Increases the gravitational pull on the plane D. Decreases the amount of drag acting on the plane SUBMIT
Answer: B: generates more lifting force.... just got it correct
Explanation:
Answer:
B. Generates more lifting force
Explanation:
i took the quiz on Ap*x and it was correct
i need help writing a LAB REPORT about NATURAL SELECTION
(plus i don’t know what exact subject it is so i’m sorry if it’s the wrong subject)
Answer:
Translate from Ukrainian.
У цей приклад я візьму селекції пшениці. Коли ми будемо говорити про селекцію цього злака, то ми можемо отримати меньшу собівартість, та вартість вирощування. Збільшена урожайність, та менша потреба в гербіцидах, пестицидах, та інсектицидах це теж наслідок. Тому селекція це майбутнє!
Which of the following is a limitation of using a model to study a natural event?
A.
The results of a model event are often much more accurate than those of the actual event.
B.
The model and the results it generates will have no relation at all to the actual event.
C.
The size and design of the model will be too similar to the actual event.
D.
The results of a model event may not be similar enough to the results of the actual event.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
why i say that is because take for example a volcano, when you make a model, you'll see what takes place in a real eruption but in real life the lava would burn things in its path, the model volcano may not. That's just an example
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I got it right on study island
What is the boiling point for butane?
Answer:
30.2°F
Explanation:
Butane, the liquid that can be seen inside a transparent lighter, boils at a temperature slightly under the point at which water freezes. So why doesn't the butane in the lighter boil? Butane does indeed boil at about a degree below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, but this is true only at normal atmospheric pressure. (:
Are humans made of matter ?
Answer:
The are we made of matter?
If you tested two samples of a particular pure substance, what would you find?
Answer:
The properties of a pure substance can be used to determine whether a sample is a pure substance or mixture because the characteristic properties of matter can be used to identify a sample. The result is a mixture called a composite.
Explanation:
Pure substances contains their own molecules only and not any impurity. Thus, when we tested it only shows the properties of its own.
What are pure substances?Pure substances are substances containing its pure composition without any impurities. For example water, fruits, acids etc. are pure substances and they does not have a combination other substances.
Mixtures are the combination of two or more pure substances, and the can be heterogenous or homogenous. Whereas, pure substances homogenous only thus forming only one phase.
When we tested mixtures qualitatively, they shows the properties of each individual components in it. Whereas, pure substances give inly its own characteristics.
To find more on pure substances, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/24462192
#SPJ2
Describe what happens when a. piece of potassium is dropped into a trough of water coloured with red litmus.
Pls help,it's urgent!!!
Answer:
✔
Explanation:
In the chemical equation, H202-H2O + O2, the H2O2 is a
reactant
catalyst
product
solid
Answer:
product
Explanation:
A group of 6 students was asked, "How many hours did you watch television last week?" Here are their responses.
7,9,4,13,13,16
Find the mean number of hours for these students.
If necessary, round your answer to the nearest tenth.
Answer:
10.3
Explanation:
A sample of Oxygen gas is in a cylinder at constant temperature. What would happen to the pressure of the gas if the volume was
smooshed down to half its original size? Decreasing the volume by a factor of 2.
Answer:
This means that the pressure would become double of it's initial pressure.
Explanation:
Key statements:
- Constant temperature
- What happens to the pressure of the gas if the volume was
smooshed down to half its original size?
Basically the question is asking about the relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature. This is given by Boyle's law.
Boyle's law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to it's volume at a fixed temperature.
This is given by;
P1V1 = P2V2
Where;
P1 = Initial pressure
P2 = Final pressure
V1 = Initial Volume
V2 = Final Volume
From the question;
V2 = V1/2
Inserting it into the equation;
P1 V1 = P2 V1/2
Divide all through by V1
P1 = P2 /2
P2 = 2 P1
This means that the pressure would become double of it's initial pressure.
Write the word and balanced chemical equations for the reaction between:
Aluminum + iron sulfate
Explanation:
Aluminium - Al
Iron Sulfate - FeSO4
The reaction is given as;
Al + FeSO₄ --> Al₂ (SO₄) ₃ + Fe
The balanced equation is given as;
2 Al + 3 FeSO₄ --> Al₂ (SO₄) ₃ + 3 Fe
In words it is given as;
Aluminium + Iron Sulfate --> Aluminium Sulfate + Iron
What category of organisms makes up the largest percent of the the fossils discovered? A. Land animals B. Marine animals C. Microorganisms
Answer:
Marine animals
Explanation:
A fossil is any remains of ancient life. Fossils can be body fossils, which are remains of the organism itself or trace fossils, such as burrows, tracks, or other evidence of activity(Lumen Learning).
Fossils of land animals are less common because they may not have been buried. However, land organisms may become buried underneath by mudslides or ash from a volcanic eruption, or covered by sand in a sandstorm.
Marine fossils are more common owing to quick burial. Marine animals that die near a river delta may be buried by sediment carried by the river. A storm at sea may shift sediment on the ocean floor, covering and helping to preserve skeletal remains(Lumen Learning).
In the lab, you are given a metal ball. You measure the mass of the ball to be 28 g. You place the ball in a graduated cylinder and the water level increases from 28.2 mL to 31.4 mL. What is the density of the metal ball? (round you answer to the nearest hundredth)
Answer:
Density = 8.75ml
Explanation:
Density = Mass / Volume
In this problem ...
Mass = 28 grams
Volume = 31.4ml - 28.2ml = 32ml (water displacement also)
∴Density = mass /volume = 28g/32ml = 8.75g/ml
4 OT 5
A 35g chunk of metal at 130C was dropped in a bucket containing 220g of water at 25C. The final temperature of the mixture
was 300. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
(Specific heat for water: 4184 J/g C) Formula (m)(c)(T) = (m) (c)(T)
Answer: The specific heat capacity of metal is [tex]1.31J/g^0C[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]Q_{absorbed}=Q_{released}[/tex]
As we know that,
[tex]Q=m\times c\times \Delta T=m\times c\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})[/tex]
[tex]m_1\times c\times (T_{final}-T_1)=-[m_2\times c\times (T_{final}-T_2)][/tex]
where,
[tex]m_1[/tex] = mass of metal = 35 g
[tex]m_2[/tex] = mass of water = 220 g
[tex]T_{final}[/tex] = final temperature = [tex]30^0C[/tex]
[tex]T_1[/tex] = temperature of metal = [tex]130^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_2[/tex] = temperature of water = [tex]25^oC[/tex]
[tex]c_1[/tex] = specific heat of metal = ?
[tex]c_2[/tex] = specific heat of water = [tex]4.184J/g^0C[/tex]
Now put all the given values in equation (1), we get
[tex]m_1\times c_1\times (T_{final}-T_1)=-[m_2\times c_2\times (T_{final}-T_2)][/tex]
[tex]35\times c_1\times (30-130)^0C=-[220g\times 4.184\times (30-25)][/tex]
[tex]c_1=1.31J/g^0C[/tex]
Therefore, the specific heat capacity of metal is [tex]1.31J/g^0C[/tex]
Use the following chemical equation to answer the question. 4K(s) + O2(g) → 2 K2O(s). If a staff member at a laboratory has 12.0 grams of potassium metal, what is the theoretical yield of potassium oxide that the scientist could potentially produce from the reaction with oxygen gas?
A) 9.96 grams of K2O
B) 14.5 grams of K2O
C) 28.9 grams of K2O
D) 57.8 grams of K2O
Answer:14.5 grams of K2O
Explanation:
4K(s) + O2(g) → 2 K2O(s). If a staff member at a laboratory has 12.0 grams of potassium metal, 14.5 grams of K2O is the theoretical yield of potassium oxide that the scientist could potentially produce from the reaction with oxygen gas. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is theoretical yield ?The yield of a reaction is used to represent how much of a product is produced from that reaction. The theoretical yield is the quantity of product that stoichiometry predicts will be produced, whereas the actual yield is the amount that is actually produced.
Divide the ratio by the limiting reactant's molecular weight. The answer is the theoretical yield of the desired product in moles.
It is useful to know how much product will be created with specific reactant amounts before carrying out chemical reactions. The theoretical yield is what is meant by this. This method can be applied to determine the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction.
Thus, option B is correct.
To learn more about theoretical yield, follow the link;
https://brainly.com/question/175584
#SPJ2
A student investigated temperature changes during a reaction. Figure 2 shows the apparatus the student usesWhat is the biggest error in this investigation.Suggest two improvements to the apparatus which would increase the accuracy of the experiment.
[3 marks]
Answer:
it is becuse the students used wrong apparatus
The biggest error in this investigation is the use of inappropriate types of equipment.
The types of equipment used in the given setup are inappropriate. Suggested improvements in the apparatus to increase the accuracy are given below:
1. The use of a polystyrene cup in the laboratory for any reaction is inappropriate. As a slight increase in temperature causes the decomposition of the chemicals in the cup as well.
2. The use of a thermometer stand is a must. Without using the stand, the tip of the thermometer touches the lid of the container, which causes inaccuracies in the result.
Hence, all the suggestions are listed above.
Learn more about changes in temperature here:
https://brainly.com/question/31081480
#SPJ2
How many moles of hydrogen do you need to react with 0.85 moles of nitrogen?
Answer:
6 moles
Explanation:
You have a 1:3 ratio between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas
What does a nonpolar covalent bond show about the electronegativities of its
two atoms?
A. The electronegativity of both of the atoms is zero.
B. The electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.
O c. The difference in electronegativities of the two atoms is very
small.
O D. The difference in electronegativities is greater than 1.7.
Answer:
B. The electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.
Single strand RNA is made using the genetic instructions from double strand DNA.
Proteins are made from the instructions in RNA.
True
False
Imran did an experiment to see how changing the
surface area of limestone affected the rate at which
it reacts with hydrochloric acid. He timed how long it
took for the reaction to produce 50 cm3 of carbon
dioxide gas. His results are shownin the picture
a) Explain why changing the surface area has the
effect that it does.
b) What must Imran have done to make this
experiment a fair test?
c) Write a word equation for this reaction (limestone
is calcium carbonate).
whatm iş your name msmsjwjnsnwjq
Two students conduct the same experiment, but they get different results. What should the students do next?A.The students should check their procedure and tools for sources of error. B.Both students should throw out their data and start over. C.The students should compare data with other students and then use the data from the student who was closest to the rest of the class. D.The students should find the average of each data set and each report the average data.
Answer:
A.The students should check their procedure and tools for sources of error.
Explanation:
Answer:
I think it A
Explanation: