Neutral carbon-14 contains six electrons, six protons, eight neutrons.
- The smallest particle that may exist, an atom, is what creates the entire cosmos. It has a core nucleus that houses the neutral species known as neutrons and positively charged species known as protons.
The orbit of the nucleus is being circled by negatively charged species of electrons. The atomic number of an atom is determined by its protons, and the number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons.
The carbon-14 in this instance is an isotope of carbon-12 with a mass number of 14. Atomic number six carbon has a total of six protons and six electrons.
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the efficiency of the turbines and generators is 80%
calculate the useful output energy transfer from the hydroelectric power station in 1 minute
use your answer to part (b)
consider the following organic compounds ;propene butane ethanol and ethyne. which of these is an isomer of methyl propane.
The reaction of hydrogen (H2) and fluorine (F2) produces hydrofluoric acid (HF). How many grams of HF are produced if 3. 00 g of hydrogen react with excess fluorine with a 25 percent yield?
1.50g of hydrofluoric acid is produced if 3.00 g of hydrogen reacts with excess fluorine with a 25 percent yield.
The balanced equation for the reaction of hydrogen (H2) and fluorine (F2) to form hydrofluoric acid (HF) is:
H2 + F2 -> 2HF
To calculate the amount of HF produced, we'll use the concept of theoretical yield and percent yield.
The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed based on the amount of reactants used.
Here, we're given that 3.00 g of hydrogen is used, so to find the theoretical yield of HF, we'll use the molar ratio of hydrogen to hydrofluoric acid in the balanced equation.
1 mol of H2 produces 2 mol of HF
So, 3.00 g of H2 produces 2*3.00g = 6.00g of HF
Percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%.
It's given that the yield is 25%.
So the actual yield of hydrofluoric acid will be:
Actual yield = (Theoretical yield) x (percent yield/100)
Actual yield = 6.00g x (25/100)
Actual yield = 1.50g
So, 1.50g of hydrofluoric acid is produced if 3.00 g of hydrogen reacts with excess fluorine with a 25 percent yield.
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Which statement best explains why the atomic theory developed efficiently?
Scientists ignored all previous knowledge about atoms.
Scientists had used creativity and the scientific method in their investigations.
Scientists had used a philosophical viewpoint as a method of investigation.
Scientists rarely repeated experiments to make sure the results were correct.
The statement which best explains why the atomic theory developed efficiently is that scientists had used creativity and the scientific method in their investigations regarding the atom.
What is an atom?
An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.
The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.
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Answer: the answer is B
Explanation: just did it hope it helps
A compound has the following percentage composition: 40.0% carbon, 6.72% hydrogen, 53.28% oxygen. How many moles of hydrogen are present in 100 g of the compound described above
The compound is Glucose.
C: 40 g divided by 12 g per mol equals 3.333 mol
H: 6.72 g/mol (1 g) = 6.72 mol
O: 53.28 g/mol (16 g) = 3.33 mol
Subtract the lesser amount of moles.
C: 3.333 / 3.33 = 1.00
H: 6.72 / 3.33 = 2.02 ≈ 2
O: 3.33/3.33 = 1.00
Statistical method
The empirical formula's molar mass is 12 g/mol + 2*1 g/mol + 16 g/mol = 30 g/,ol.
180 g/mol / 30 g/mol = 6 times the mass of the empirical formula is contained in the molar mass.
The empirical formula of compound is six times the molecular formula.
=>[tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex]
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at the left.
2. Which of the following is not a
chemical change? E
A leaves turning color
B fruit ripening
C silver tarnishing
D food coloring dissolving in water
Answer:
D
Explanation:
there is no new substance formed
3. A student placed artificial cells, each containing a 25% sugar solution, into three different beakers containing sugar solution which varied in concentration from 0% to 25%. The setups are shown below. The student collected data on the mass of each artificial cell. The student predicted that the cell in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours. Would his prediction be correct? Support your answer.
The student collected data on the mass of each artificial cell. The student predicted that the cell in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours. The student's prediction would be correct.
Why would the prediction of the experiment be correct?The artificial cell placed in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would likely have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours because of osmosis.
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. In this case, the artificial cell has a semi-permeable membrane that allows water to pass through, but not sugar.
The 25% sugar solution in the beaker is less concentrated than the sugar solution inside the artificial cell, so water will move from the beaker into the cell, causing the cell to swell and increase in mass.
On the other hand, the artificial cells in the beakers with 0% and 12.5% sugar solutions will have less of a change in mass as the solution outside of the cell is more concentrated than inside the cell.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above
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Freddy mixes a solid chemical with a liquid chemical and generates a chemical reaction. What can be said about any mixture of chemicals he used
Many of these, including cheese, gelatin, and various inks, are commonplace. Like the other classes, mixtures of solids and liquids may be separated in many ways.
science has been actively involved in the pursuit of this goal since it is crucial for a variety of liquids. When two or more distinct substances physically join, a mixture is produced that can be dispersed back into its constituent parts. a bowl of various candies, a pile of various leaves, steel, and sugar syrup A gelatin is any two or more different types of particles together. These particles are physically bound together rather than reacting chemically with one another. Two or more reactants are changed into one or more separate products during a chemical reaction. Alternately, we might assume that a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms of the reactants to create new products.
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Fe(OH)3
⎯⎯→
Fe2O3
⎯⎯→
Fe
⎯⎯→
FeCl2
⎯⎯→
Fe(OH)2
Answer:
decomposition reaction
The theoretical yield of a reaction is 5.00 moles of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) . If the reaction actually produces 616.2 g KMnO4 , what is the percent yield of the reaction
The theoretical yield of a reaction is 5.00 moles of potassium permanganate . If the reaction actually produces 616.2 g KMnO₄ , the percent yield of the reaction is 78 %.
given that :
the theoretical yield of the reaction = 5 mol
mass of the potassium permanganate = 616.2 g
molar mass of the potassium permanganate = 158 g /mol
moles of the KMnO₄ = mass / molar mass
= 616.2 / 158
= 3.9 moles
the percent yield = ( experimental yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %
= ( 3.9 / 5 ) ×100 %
= 78 %
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The isotope of iodine with mass number 128 undergoes beta decay with a half-life of 25.00 minutes. The balanced nuclear reaction for this process is:
Beta decay occurs with a half-life of 25 minutes for the iodine isotope with mass number 128. For this procedure, 3→Te + iB is the balanced nuclear reaction.
Isotopes are two or more atom types that share the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and, therefore, belong to the same chemical element). However, isotopes have different nucleon numbers (mass numbers) because they have varying numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. All isotopes of a given element have nearly identical chemical properties, but they differ in terms of atomic mass and physical characteristics.
The word "isotope" is derived from the Greek words isos, which means "equal," and topos, which means "place," meaning "the same location." The name refers to the fact that different isotopes of the same element occupy the same spot on the periodic table.
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how does the pitcher plant use chemical reactions
Answer: Pitcher plant have adapted themselves to live in poor nutriet soil As they are carnivorous and feed on the insects is the major adptation for them as they does not have proper nutrients,availabilty for the growth.
Explanation:
What are the 6 Types of preservatione
Drying and fermenting are two of the earliest techniques for food preservation. Replacement, recrystallization, permineralization, and unaltered
The term "preservation" refers to all of the procedures used to extend the useful life of archival records. The goal of preservation efforts is to stop information from being lost and to reduce physical and chemical deterioration of documents. You can manage the components in your food and consume healthy food all year round by canning, drying, and freezing.
The obvious goals of conservation are the protection of wildlife and the advancement of biodiversity. The animals we adore won't vanish into oblivion by being protected and preserved for future generations. And we can keep the ecosystem in good shape and working properly.
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The correct question is as follows
What are 6 types of preservations ?
in an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely... In an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely burnt in oxygen.after cooling the product weighted 4.0g. (a)explain why it was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon? (b)what observation was made in the crucible after burning? (c)why was there an increase in mass? (d)write the equation for reaction which took place in the crucible? (e)the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered.
(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon in order to remove any impurities or contaminants that might be present on the surface of the ribbon. These impurities could interfere with the burning process or alter the final products of the reaction.
(b) After burning, it is likely that an ash or residue was observed in the crucible.
(c) The increase in mass may be due to the production of new products during the burning process. These products may include magnesium oxide, which is a white solid, or other compounds formed through the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.
(d) The equation for the reaction that took place in the crucible is:
2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible is shaken with water, it is likely that any soluble products, such as magnesium hydroxide, will dissolve in the water. The remaining solid material can then be filtered out, leaving a solution containing the dissolved products.
The magnesium ribbon was cleaned to remove any impurities that could affect the reaction. After burning magnesium in oxygen, the resulting product is magnesium oxide, and the mass increases because the magnesium combines with the oxygen. The reaction equation is 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO.
Explanation:(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon with steel wool to remove any surface oxidation or impurities that could affect the reaction.
(b) After burning, an observation that could be made in the crucible would be a white ash-like substance, which is magnesium oxide.
(c) There was an increase in mass because when magnesium reacts with oxygen, it gains mass as it combines with the oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
(d) The equation for the reaction is: 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered, this procedure would typically be used to isolate the product from any remaining unreacted magnesium or other reaction by-products.
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Place the following in order of increasing radius.
Br- Na+ Rb+
The order of increasing radius is: Na+ < Rb+ < Br-
The radius of an atom or ion is a measure of the size of the atomic nucleus and the electron cloud that surrounds it. The radius of an atom or ion can be affected by various factors such as the number of protons, neutrons and electrons it has, as well as the electron configuration. In general, as we move from left to right across the periodic table, atomic radius tends to increase.
In the case of the three ions you provided, Br-, Na+ and Rb+ , the order of increasing radius is as follows:
Na+ has the smallest atomic radius among the three, as it has lost one electron and become a positive ion, the removal of the electron increases the effective nuclear charge, making the electron cloud more tightly held.
Rb+ has a slightly larger atomic radius than Na+ as it has one more electron and one more proton in its nucleus than Na+, making the electron cloud slightly less tightly held.
Br- has the largest atomic radius among the three as it has gained an electron and become a negative ion, the addition of the electron decreases the effective nuclear charge, making the electron cloud less tightly held.
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PLEASE HELP 100 POINTS FOR THIS
A student placed a piece of nickel in silver nitrate solution. Silver metal precipitated and
aqueous nickel (II) nitrate was produced. The student collected the following data:
Mass of beaker 102. 05 g
Mass of beaker with silver 103. 13 g
Mass of nickel before 5. 00 g
Mass of nickel after 4. 69 g
__ Ni + __ AgNO 3 à __ Ag + __ Ni(NO 3 ) 2
Determine the percent yield of silver
Answer:
Explanation:
Mass the fluid, find its volume, and divide mass by volume. To mass the fluid, weigh it in a container, pour it out, weigh the empty container, and subtract the mass of the empty container from the full container. To find the volume of the fluid, you simply measure it very carefully in a graduated cylinder.
 (Question) How many atoms are in 3 grams of Cu?
(20 points)
3 grams of Cu = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms of copper.
Answer:
2.84 × 10^22 atoms
Explanation:
To calculate the number of atoms in 3 grams of Cu, we can use avogadro's constant where:
[tex]1 \: mole = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \: atoms[/tex]
Firstly, we have to calculate the number of moles in 3 grams of Cu. The formula to calculate moles is:
[tex]moles = \frac{mass}{molar \: mass} [/tex]
the mass = 3g and the molar mass = 63.55 (this value can be found in the periodic table)
Substitute the values in formula:
[tex]moles = \frac{3}{63.55} [/tex]
[tex]moles = 0.0472[/tex]
Now use the number of moles to convert to atoms using avogadro's number, where x is the unknown number of atoms we want to find:
[tex]1 \: mole : 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \: atoms[/tex]
[tex]0.0472 \: moles : x \: atoms[/tex]
Cross multiply and equate to solve for x:
[tex]1 \times x = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \times 0.0472[/tex]
[tex]x = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \times 0.0472[/tex]
[tex]x = 2.84 \times 10 {}^{22} \: rounded \: to \: 3sf[/tex]
Hence, there are 2.84 × 10^22 atoms in 3 grams of Cu
Select the correct answer. what is the name of a system that converts thermal energy into a form of useful mechanical or electrical energy?
a. incubator
b. heat engine
c. centrifuge
d. vacuum column
e. spectrophotometer
Heat engine is a system that converts thermal energy into a form of useful mechanical or electrical energy.
In thermodynamics, the heat engine is a system which is able to convert the heat or thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy which can be used in order to perform mechanical work. This is achieved by bringing the a particular working substance to a lower state temperature from a higher state temperature.
There are a different types of heat engines in which the Carnot engine possesses the maximum efficiency. Some examples of heat engines are firearms, thermal power station etc.
Hence, the correct option is b. heat engine.
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How do you know if an element is reactive or not?
The reactivity of an element depends upon the number of valence electrons, i.e., the electrons present in the outermost shell.
The number of electrons withinside the outermost shell of an atom determines its reactivity. Noble gases have low reactivity due to the fact they've complete electron shells. Halogens are extraordinarily reactive due to the fact they with ease advantage an electron to fill their outermost shell. Non-reactive metal atoms have whole outer shells and therefore do now no longer generally tend to lose, advantage, or percentage electrons. So, all factors having a crammed outermost shell are non-reactive. They also are referred to as noble gases. An element's reactivity is decided via way of means of the number of protons determined in an atom of the element.
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Does reactivity increase or decrease from left to right among elements in a period?
Period. As you move from either the left to the right, reactivity rises. Group reactivity diminishes from top to bottom.
As you move from left toward right across a period, responsiveness declines. Higher reactivity is caused by the ease with which electrons can be given or snatched away as you move further to the left as well as along the periodic chart.
This is because the size of both the atomic radius expands as the quantity of electronic energy does. reducing the attractiveness of other elements' valence electrons lowers reactivity.
It happens because there are more valence shells and less interaction among valence pairs of electrons. Consequently, the propensity to take electrons from some of the other atoms declines. Atoms get more electronegative as they move through a period.
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The fluid-filled interior compartment of the thylakoid network is referred to as the:
A. cytoplasm.
B. intermembrane space.
C. lumen.
D. grana.
E. stroma.
The fluid-filled interior compartment of the thylakoid network is referred to as the: Lumen
The thylakoid lumen is an aqueous phase that is continuously enclosed by the thylakoid membrane. It is essential for photophosphorylation during photosynthetic activity. Protons are hyped across the thylakoids into the lumen during the light-dependent reaction, making it acidic down to pH 4. The lumen in the chloroplast is referred to as the stroma. The stroma is the whitish fluid that surrounds the grana (thylakoids stacks) within the chloroplast. A lumen is the chloroplast membrane that surrounds space. Light energy is captured by photosystems found in thylakoid membranes. The thylakoid membrane contains enzymes required for photosynthesis's light-dependent reactions. Hydrogen ions are pumped into the thylakoid space, or lumen, during these reactions.The thylakoid space has an acidic pH due to the high concentration of hydrogen ions.
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Write a introduction base on the topic reproduction, male an female reproduction system
The ma le repr0 ductive system includes made up of internal organs such as the prostate gland, vas deferens, as well as ure thra as well as external geni talia like the pe nis, tes tes, as well as scrot um.
The health of something like the male reproductive system and the hormo nes secreted by the brain determine a man's fertility as well as sexual characteristics.
The human reproductive system would be the organ system primarily charged of creating and fertilizing gametes (eggs but rather sperm) as well as carrying a fetus. The gonads of both se xes create gametes.
The ov aries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, as well as vagina are all parts of the female repro ductive system. It comprises the pe nis, prostate, as well as tes tes in men.
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There are two different isotopes of bromine atoms. Under normal conditions, elemental bromine consists of Br2 molecules, and the mass of a Br2 molecule is the sum of the masses of the two atoms in the molecule. The mass spectrum of Br2 consists of three peaks:
Mass (amu) Relative Size
157. 836 0. 2569
159. 834 0. 4999
161. 832 0. 2431
(a) What is the origin of each peak (of what isotopes does each consist)?
(b) What is the mass of each isotope?
(c) Determine the average molecular mass of a Br2 molecule.
(d) Determine the average atomic mass of a bromine atom.
(e) Calculate the abundances of the two isotopes
There are two isotopes of bromine atom⁷⁹Br, ⁸¹Br.
a) Each peak originates from a different isotope of bromine. Each peak is composed of a different isotope of bromine. The mass of each isotope is the sum of the masses of the two atoms in the molecule. The average molecular weight of Br_ molecules is 36.184 g/mol.
b) The isotope of bromine has an atomic weight of 78.92 amu and a relative abundance of 50.69. The other major isotope of bromine has an atomic mass of 80.92 amu and a relative abundance of 49.31.
c) The average molecular mass of a [tex]Br_{2}[/tex] = 159.8066274.
d) The average atomic mass of Bromine is found to be. 9 u or 79.9 g mol⁻¹.
e) Bromine has two stable isotopes, ⁷⁹Br and ⁸¹Br, having relative mass abundances of 50.686% and 49.314%
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Cant seem to figure this one out…
The specific heat capacity of the substance, given that the subtance changes temperature from 35.0 °C to 65.0 °C when it absorb 15000 J of energy is 50 J/gºC
How do I determine the specific heat capacity of the substance?We'll begin by obtaining the change in the temperature of the substance.etails below:
Initial temperature (T₁) = 35.0 °CFinal temperature (T₂) = 65.0 °CChange in temperature (ΔT) =?ΔT = T₂ - T₁
ΔT = 65 - 35
ΔT = 30 °C
Finally, we shall determine the specific heat capacity of the substance. Details below:
Mass of substance (M) = 10 gHeat absorbed (Q) = 15000 JChange in temperature (ΔT) = 30 °CSpecific heat capacity (C) = ?Q = MCΔT
15000 = 10 × C × 30
15000 = 300 × C
Divide both sides by 300
C = 15000 / 300
C = 50 J/gºC
Thus, the specific heat capacity of the substance is 50 J/gºC
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Which of the following answer choices would BEST describe Marco Polo's reaction when he saw the Chinese using coal
The majority of Europeans at the time had never heard of coal, which Marco Polo described as "black stones...which burn like logs."
Initially, charcoal was utilized in the production process, which caused extensive deforestation in northern China. However, coal had fully replaced charcoal by the end of the 11th century.
They do indeed have an abundance of firewood. However, due to the massive population and the large number of bathhouses and baths that are continually being heated, it would be impossible to supply enough firewood, as everyone takes a bath at least three times each week, and in the winter, if they can, every day. Since every man of rank and means has a bathroom of his own at home, the abundance and low cost of these stones result in significant wood savings.
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describe the phase and temperature chacges that will occur if you heat 50.0 g of h2o in its solid state at -8 C until it all vaporizes
The phase and temperature changes that will occur if you heat 50.0 g of H2O in its solid state at -8 C until it all vaporizes is that the solid H2O will transition to a liquid state at 0 C and then to a vapor at 100 C.
What is vapor?Vapor is an aerosolized suspension of tiny liquid particles that are released into the air. It is made up of a mixture of water and other chemicals, such as nicotine, propylene glycol, and other flavorings. Vapor is produced when heated liquid, such as e-liquid, is turned into a vapor. This vapor can be inhaled and exhaled in a manner similar to smoking a traditional cigarette, which is why vapor has become an alternative to traditional smoking.
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A screw has _____ over the cylinder.
corkscrew-shaped ridge
What is a screw’s output?The screw’s applied force (output force) is always larger than the screw’s applied force (input force). As a result, a screw’s mechanical advantage is always larger than one.Screws are a type of basic machine. They have a thread, which is a corkscrew-shaped ridge wrapped around a cylinder. When driving in a screw, the head is particularly designed to allow a screwdriver or wrench to hold the screw.
Another sort of inclined plane is the screw. When an inclined plane wraps around a straight rod-like structure, a spirally grooved surface with a pointed end is generated. It serves to keep things together.
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When using a dangerous chemical such as glutaraldehyde, what would the CDC recommend for reducing the risk of illness
Chemical: Wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and an apron or lab coat.
What is chemical?Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially at the atomic and molecular levels.
Use the chemical in a well-ventilated area.
Follow safety instructions and product labeling instructions precisely.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists of the chemical.
Immediately wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after contact with the chemical.
Store the chemical in a secure location away from food, drink, and other materials.
Dispose of the chemical properly.
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Select the correct answer. specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a material by 1°c per what unit?
a. volume
b. joule
c. mass
d. pressure
e. density
Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a material by 1°c per mass
Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat energy required to elevate the temperature of a material by 1°C per unit mass.
It is a material's physical attribute. The joule per kelvin per kilogram (J/K/Kg) is the standard international measurement of heat capacity.
If a substance has a high specific heat, it simply implies that it will take a long time to heat up, but it will also take a long time to cool down once heated. Water has the highest specific heat value.
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What determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem?
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to ecosystem. Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.
What is ecosystem?An ecosystem is the fundamental fundamental unit of such an environment where living and nonliving creatures interact with one another, both of which are essential for the continuation of life on Earth.
The maximum number of species that a system can safely support is known as carrying capacity. The ability of an ecosystem to replenish the food, water, environment, or other essentials that populations have to thrive are just a few examples of the numerous variables that may affect an ecosystem's carrying capacity of a specific species.
Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.
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