How much tax will I owe on dividends?
The maximum tax rate for qualified dividends is 20%, with a few exceptions for real estate, art, or small business stock. Ordinary dividends are taxed at income tax rates, which as of the 2022 and 2023 tax years, maxes out at 37%.

A unit contribution margin measures the difference between the price of a unit of product or service and its variable cost. The correct option is A.

Variable cost refers to the costs that vary with the level of production, such as direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead. The unit contribution margin is a crucial metric for businesses as it shows the amount of money that each unit of product contributes to cover the fixed costs and generate profits. In other words, it measures the extent to which the sale of each unit contributes towards the fixed costs of the business.

By subtracting the variable cost from the price of a unit, businesses can determine the contribution margin, which is the amount that goes towards covering fixed costs and generating profits. For instance, if the price of a product is $20, and the variable cost per unit is $10, the contribution margin will be $10. This means that for every unit sold, $10 will go towards covering the fixed costs of the business and generating profits.

Knowing the unit contribution margin is crucial for businesses as it helps them to determine the breakeven point, the sales volume at which the business covers all its costs and begins to generate profits. The unit contribution margin is also useful in making pricing decisions, as it helps businesses to set prices that cover their variable costs and generate profits.

By maximizing the unit contribution margin, businesses can increase their profitability and ensure long-term sustainability. The correct option is A.

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Complete question:

A unit contribution margin measures: ____________

a. The difference between price and variable cost per unit

b. The difference between sales and cost of goods sold on a unit basis

c. The difference between unit sales and total costs per unit

d. The percentage difference between sales and cost of goods sold

Traders use volatility smiles for pricing options because they provide a more accurate representation of the market's expectations of future volatility than a simple, constant volatility assumption.

A volatility smile is a graphical representation of the implied volatility levels for options with the same expiration date but different strike prices. The shape of the curve is typically a smile, with implied volatility being higher for out-of-the-money (OTM) options and lower for in-the-money (ITM) options. This implies that market participants expect larger fluctuations in the price of the underlying asset for OTM options than for ITM options.

By taking into account the market's expectations of future volatility, traders can better price options and hedge their risks. If a trader uses a constant volatility assumption to price options, they may underestimate the likelihood of extreme price movements, resulting in inaccurate valuations and suboptimal hedging strategies.

Additionally, volatility smiles can provide insights into market sentiment and investor expectations. For example, a steep smile with high implied volatility levels for OTM options may indicate that market participants are particularly concerned about downside risk or that they anticipate a large price movement in the underlying asset.

In short, traders use volatility smiles for pricing options because they provide a more accurate representation of the market's expectations of future volatility and can help inform trading and hedging strategies.

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The step method of allocating service costs involves identifying a hierarchy of services that support the organization's operations.

In this case, the order of allocation starts with maintenance, which includes expenses such as building repairs and equipment maintenance. The next service in the hierarchy is security, followed by IT support, and finally, cafeteria services.

Using the step method in reverse order, allocations would begin with cafeteria services and work their way up the hierarchy to maintenance.

This approach recognizes that cafeteria services are the most visible and tangible service provided to employees, while maintenance may be less noticeable but still critical to maintaining a safe and functional workplace.

By using the step method, organizations can allocate service costs more accurately based on the relative importance of each service to the overall operations of the organization.

This allows for a more informed decision-making process and ensures that resources are being used effectively and efficiently.

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The relative frequency method assigns a probability of 0.2 to the outcome of making a donation to the city symphony.

The question presents us with the information that out of 250 people who were contacted, 50 of them made a donation to the city symphony. Using this information, we can apply the relative frequency method to assign a probability to the outcome of making a donation. The relative frequency method is based on the idea that the probability of an event is equal to the number of times it occurs divided by the total number of trials. In this case, the event is making a donation to the city symphony, and the total number of trials is the number of people who were contacted. Therefore, the probability of making a donation can be calculated as follows: Probability of making a donation = Number of people who made a donation / Total number of people contacted Probability of making a donation = 50 / 250 Probability of making a donation = 0.2 So, the relative frequency method assigns a probability of 0.2 to the outcome of making a donation to the city symphony. It is important to note that the relative frequency method is based on empirical observations and is only an estimate of the true probability. As such, it is subject to sampling variability and may not accurately represent the true probability in all situations. However, it is a useful tool for making predictions and making decisions based on available data.

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The legality of reverse engineering Coca-Cola's formula, producing an identical cola and selling it. In this scenario, what you have done is considered illegal.

The primary reason for the illegality is that you have violated Coca-Cola's trade secrets, which are protected by intellectual property laws. Trade secrets encompass confidential information, such as formulas and recipes, that give a company a competitive advantage in the market.

Reverse engineering the formula without authorization infringes on Coca-Cola's rights to exclusively benefit from their trade secret.

When you produce a cola identical to the reverse-engineered formula, you essentially replicate Coca-Cola's product without obtaining permission or a license from the company. This unauthorized replication directly impacts Coca-Cola's market share and profits, as it creates unfair competition.

Finally, selling the identical cola furthers the legal violation, as you are profiting from the misappropriation of Coca-Cola's trade secret. This act of selling may also lead to additional charges, such as unfair competition and deceptive trade practices, depending on the jurisdiction and applicable laws.

In summary, reverse engineering Coca-Cola's formula, producing an identical cola, and selling it is illegal because it infringes on Coca-Cola's trade secret rights, creates unfair competition, and involves profiting from misappropriated intellectual property.

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To determine the unrecovered investment during each of the years involved, we need to first understand what unrecovered investment means. Unrecovered investment refers to the initial investment amount that has not been recovered yet through returns or profits.

To calculate the unrecovered investment for each year involved, we need to know the initial investment amount and the returns received in each year. Then, we can subtract the returns received from the initial investment amount to get the unrecovered investment. Let's say an investor invested $50,000 in a business venture and received the following returns in the subsequent years:

To determine the unrecovered investment during each of these years, we can use the following formula: Unrecovered investment = Initial investment amount - Returns received. Therefore, the unrecovered investment during each of the years involved would be $40,000 in year 1, $28,000 in year 2, $13,000 in year 3, and $5,000 in year 4.

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The shareholders’ equity balance on December 31, 20X2 is $8,865,850

The beginning retained earnings balance was $2,190,000. The company earned a net income of $225,000 during 20X2, which increases retained earnings. However, the cash dividend declaration of $73,200 and the stock dividend will decrease retained earnings.

$8,760,000

Add- Net Income 225000

Add-Sale of treasury stock 79750

Less- purchase of treasury stock (125700)

Less- Cash dividend (73200)

We have $8,760,000 + 225000 + 79750 - (125700) - (73200)

= $8,865,850

This is the equity

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The answer is, the amount of gross profit is $254,000.

To calculate the amount of gross profit during the current year, we need to follow these steps:

1. Determine the total revenue from merchandise sales: This includes both cash sales ($53,000) and sales on account ($277,000).
2. Calculate the total revenue: Add the cash sales to the sales on account. ($53,000 + $277,000)
3. Subtract the cost of merchandise sold ($76,000) from the total revenue calculated in step 2.

So, during the current year, the merchandise is sold for $53,000 cash and for $277,000 on account. The total revenue from these sales is $53,000 + $277,000 = $330,000. The cost of merchandise sold is $76,000.

Therefore, the amount of gross profit is $330,000 - $76,000 = $254,000.

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The evidence indicates that, on average, a company’s stock price declines when it announces a new issue of equity. The given statement is false

In fact, the impact of a new issue of equity on a company's stock price can vary depending on various factors such as the purpose of the equity issuance, the market conditions, investor sentiment, and the perceived value of the new shares. In some cases, if investors view the equity issuance positively and believe it will contribute to the company's growth or financial stability, the stock price may actually increase. On the other hand, if investors perceive the equity issuance as diluting their ownership stake or signaling financial distress, the stock price may decline. Therefore, it is not accurate to make a blanket statement that stock prices always decline when a company announces a new issue of equity.

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The answer is A. The researcher would use a two-sample t-test to compare the means of the lifespan in the two towns. The null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference between the means of the two populations.

The alternative hypothesis is that there is a significant difference between the means of the two populations. At a significance level of 0.10, the P-value of 0.076228 is less than 0.10, so we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant difference in lifespan for people in the two towns.
A. P-value = 0.076228; reject the null hypothesis that the means of the populations are equal.

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Its ending Retained Earnings balance is $3305. The correct answer is option b.

Beginning Retained Earnings + Net Income/Loss - Dividends = Ending Retained Earnings.
First, we need to note that the Net Loss is a negative amount, as it represents a decrease in earnings. So, we can write the formula as:
$4100 (Beginning Retained Earnings) - $260 (Net Loss) - $265 (Cash Dividends Declared) - $270 (Stock Dividends Declared) = Ending Retained Earnings
Simplifying the formula, we get:
$4100 - $795 = Ending Retained Earnings

Therefore, the ending Retained Earnings balance for Splish Brothers Inc. is: $3305 .This means that the company's earnings decreased by $260 due to the net loss, and they also paid out $265 in cash dividends and $270 in stock dividends, leaving them with a lower ending Retained Earnings balance than they began with. The correct answer is option b.

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The equivalent units of production for conversion costs for the current period are 32,000 units.

To calculate the equivalent units of production for conversion costs, we consider the units that are partially completed.

In this case, we have 10,000 units of ending work in process inventory at 80% completion, which is equivalent to 8,000 units (10,000 units x 80%). Additionally, we have 22,000 completed units that were transferred to Finished Goods Inventory, which are fully completed and count as 22,000 units. Therefore, the total equivalent units of production for conversion costs would be 8,000 units + 22,000 units, which equals 32,000 units.

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Peyton's Palace has a return on assets (ROA) of 15.21% for the year

To calculate Peyton's Palace return on assets (ROA) with the given information, follow these steps:

1. Determine the average total assets for the year: Add the total assets at the beginning of the year ($92 million) to the total assets at the end of the year ($100 million) and divide by 2.
  ($92 million + $100 million) / 2 = $96 million

2. Divide the net income ($14.6 million) by the average total assets ($96 million) to find the return on assets (ROA).
  $14.6 million / $96 million = 0.152083

3. Multiply the result by 100 to express it as a percentage.
  0.152083 x 100 = 15.21%

Peyton's Palace has a return on assets (ROA) of 15.21% for the year. This means that for every $1 in assets, the company generated approximately $0.1521 in net income.

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In a matrix organizational structure, a full-time project manager has complete project and administrative authority over the project team. The correct option is c)  a matrix organizational structure

This type of organizational structure is characterized by a dual reporting structure, where team members report to both a functional manager and a project manager. The project manager is responsible for the overall success of the project, while the functional manager is responsible for the technical expertise of their respective team members.

The project manager in a matrix structure has the authority to make decisions regarding the project, allocate resources, and set deadlines. They also have the responsibility of communicating with stakeholders and ensuring that project goals are met within the established timeline and budget.

The matrix structure allows for flexibility and collaboration, as team members can draw on the expertise of their functional manager while also working towards the goals of the project manager. However, it can also lead to conflicts between the functional and project managers, as well as confusion among team members regarding their roles and responsibilities.

Overall, the matrix structure is well-suited for complex projects that require a high level of coordination and collaboration among multiple functional areas. The full-time project manager is essential in providing leadership and ensuring that the project stays on track towards achieving its goals.

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The type of mortgage that does not require a down payment is a VA (Veterans Affairs) loan. This type of loan is available to eligible veterans, active-duty service members, and surviving spouses.

VA loans are guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs and are offered by private lenders. The no-down-payment feature of VA loans can be a significant benefit for borrowers who may not have the funds to make a traditional down payment. However, it is worth noting that VA loans may come with other fees and requirements, such as a funding fee, and borrowers will still need to meet credit and income qualifications.

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In the long run people come to expect whatever inflation rate the fed chooses to produce, so GDP returns to its natural rate. The statement is true.

Most economists concur that since output, which is typically measured by GDP, is stable over the long run, changes in the money supply only affect pricing. Changes in the money supply can, however, have an immediate impact on the production of goods and services in the near term because prices and wages typically do not respond rapidly.

This is why monetary policy, which is often implemented by central banks like the European Central Bank (ECB) or the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed), is a useful instrument for accomplishing both inflation and growth goals. For instance, during a recession, consumers cut back on their spending; business production drops, forcing companies to lay off employees and stop investing in new capacity; and interest among foreigners in the nation.

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The amount of dividends Lambert Inc. declared and paid is $3.0 million.

The correct journal entry to record the issuance of 15,000 shares of $3 par value for $15 per share is:

Credit Common Stock $45,000 (15,000 shares x $3 par value)

Credit Additional Paid-In Capital $180,000 (15,000 shares x ($15 market price - $3 par value))

Debit Cash $225,000

Regarding the reissued share's journal entry:

Credit Treasury Stock $16,500 (1,500 shares x $20 reacquisition cost)

Debit Cash $12,100 (1,100 shares x $11 reissuance price)

Credit Additional Paid-in Capital $7,700 (plug)

To find the amount of dividends declared and paid, we need to use the following formula:

Dividends = $4.5 million - $1.5 million

Dividends = $3.0 million

Therefore, the amount of dividends Lambert Inc. declared and paid is $3.0 million

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The given statement the unemployment problem becomes more severe if prices are sticky downward is true.

The unemployment problem can become more severe if prices are sticky downward. This is because in a situation where prices are sticky, it becomes more difficult for firms to adjust wages and prices downward to respond to changes in the economy.

When the economy experiences a downturn, demand for goods and services decreases, leading to a reduction in sales and revenue for firms. In a situation where prices are sticky, firms are unable to reduce prices to match the decrease in demand, which can lead to excess inventory and a reduction in production.

To adjust to the lower demand, firms may need to reduce their costs, including wages and salaries. However, in a situation where wages are sticky, firms may be reluctant to reduce wages as it can lead to lower morale among workers and difficulties in retaining skilled employees. This can result in firms reducing their workforce instead, leading to higher levels of unemployment.

Therefore, when prices are sticky downward, it can exacerbate the unemployment problem by making it more difficult for firms to adjust to changes in the economy and reducing their ability to respond to lower demand.

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From the standpoint of promoting successful strategy execution, it is important that the firm's motivation and reward system A. accentuate positive rewards but also carry the risk of punishment for lackadaisical or indifferent effort and subpar performance.

A well-designed motivation and reward system is crucial for successful strategy execution. This system should encourage positive behavior and performance while discouraging negative behavior and performance.

Positive rewards such as bonuses, promotions, and recognition are essential to motivate employees and encourage high performance. However, it is also important to have consequences for lackadaisical or indifferent effort and subpar performance. This could include negative consequences such as reprimands, demotions, or even termination.

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The receivables turnover for Rose, Inc. is 2742.857.

The annual credit sales for Rose, Inc. are $263,142,857.14.

a. To calculate the receivables turnover, we need to divide the average daily investment in receivables by the number of days in the average collection period. So:
Receivables turnover = Average daily investment in receivables / Average collection period
= $96,000 / 35
= 2742.857
Therefore, the receivables turnover for Rose, Inc. is 2742.857.
b. To find the annual credit sales, we can multiply the receivables turnover by the average investment in receivables. So:

Annual credit sales = Receivables turnover x Average investment in receivables
= 2742.857 x $96,000
= $263,142,857.14
Therefore, the annual credit sales for Rose, Inc. are $263,142,857.14.
Overall, Rose, Inc. has a high receivables turnover, which indicates that it collects its accounts receivable quickly. However, it is important to note that the receivables turnover should be analyzed in conjunction with other financial ratios to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the company's financial health.

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The concept of opportunity cost is the value of the next best alternative foregone, when choosing to pursue a certain option. In this case, the opportunity cost of producing 1 pretzel for Mark is 2 cookies, which means that for every pretzel Mark produces, he is giving up the opportunity to produce 2 cookies.

Similarly, for Jessica, the opportunity cost of producing 1 pretzel is 3 cookies. From this information, we can conclude that Mark has a lower opportunity cost of producing pretzels than Jessica. This is because for Mark, it takes only 2 cookies to produce 1 pretzel, while for Jessica, it takes 3 cookies. Therefore, if both of them were given the option to produce either pretzels or cookies, Mark would be better off producing pretzels as his opportunity cost is lower.

However, it is important to note that this information only tells us about the opportunity cost of producing pretzels for Mark and Jessica. We do not know about their actual preferences or efficiencies in producing either pretzels or cookies. It is possible that Jessica may still choose to produce pretzels despite having a higher opportunity cost, if she is more efficient at producing them than cookies.

Therefore, opportunity cost is just one factor that individuals consider when making economic decisions, and it should not be relied on solely to predict their choices.

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True. Branded keywords are an effective way to attract potential customers who are already familiar with your brand. These keywords are specifically related to your brand name, product or service, and can help boost your website's visibility on search engines.

When someone searches for your brand name or a specific product, using branded keywords, it ensures that your website appears at the top of search results. This increases the chances of the potential customer clicking on your website, leading to more traffic, leads and sales. Additionally, branded keywords can also help improve your website's overall SEO performance, as search engines tend to favour websites that have a high level of brand awareness and recognition. Overall, using branded keywords is a cost-effective and targeted approach to reach your potential customers who are already interested in your brand, increasing brand visibility and driving more qualified traffic to your website.

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In order to get the most risk reduction through diversification, you would seek to add assets to the portfolio that have a low or negative correlation with other assets in the portfolio. The correct option is D.

This means that the assets should not move in the same direction at the same time.

If assets in the portfolio have a high positive correlation, they tend to move in the same direction, which increases the overall risk of the portfolio.

Conversely, assets with a negative correlation move in opposite directions, which can reduce the overall risk of the portfolio. A zero correlation means that the assets are not related, which can also be beneficial for diversification purposes.

However, it is important to note that there are no guarantees with diversification, as all investments carry some level of risk.

It is important to carefully analyze and monitor the portfolio to ensure it aligns with the individual's investment goals and risk tolerance. Therefore, the correct option is D.

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For the first case, the Student Version is an example of paraphrasing plagiarism.

For the second case, the Student Version is an example of word-for-word plagiarism.

For the first case, the Student Version is an example of paraphrasing plagiarism. While the student did not directly copy the original source material word-for-word, they have still closely replicated the structure and content of the original text without proper citation or acknowledgement.

For the second case, the Student Version is an example of word-for-word plagiarism. The student has directly copied a sentence from the original source material without using quotation marks or providing proper citation or acknowledgement.

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The false statement about the coverage under the Business owners Policy is number 1 - Products and completed operations coverage under the Commercial General Liability Coverage Forms will cover damage to the insured's products. This is not true.

Products and completed operations coverage actually covers the liability arising from the use of the insured's products, not the damage to the products themselves. The coverage protects the business owner from claims arising from bodily injury or property damage caused by the products or completed work. It is important for business owners to understand the scope of their coverage to ensure that they have the appropriate level of protection for their business.

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Financial contagion is a phenomenon that occurs when a financial crisis in one country or region spreads to other countries or regions. This can happen in a variety of ways, such as through direct trade links, financial institutions, and investor sentiment.

During the recent debt crisis, financial contagion occurred as certain countries in the Eurozone, such as Greece and Spain, experienced difficulty in repaying their debt. This caused investors to become more wary of investing in Eurozone countries and their currencies, leading to a drop in value and an increase in borrowing costs.

Similarly, during Brexit, investors became concerned about the potential economic implications of Brexit, leading to a sharp selloff in the British pound, which spread to other markets. This caused a contagion of financial uncertainty, which had a number of effects, including increased borrowing costs and a decrease in stock markets around the world.

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As a sole proprietorship, City Delivery Service is owned and operated by Beri. When Beri dies, the fate of the business will depend on how she has planned for her estate.

One possible scenario is that the business will transfer to Beri's heirs. This means that her surviving spouse, children, or other designated beneficiaries will inherit the assets and liabilities of the business, including any debts, contracts, and intellectual property. If Beri has a will or trust in place, she can specify how she wants her business to be handled after her death.

Another possibility is that the business will dissolve if there is no plan in place. In this case, the assets of the business will be sold off to pay any outstanding debts or taxes, and the remaining proceeds will be distributed according to state law. This could result in a loss of jobs for City Delivery Service employees, and the loss of a valuable service for the community.

It is important for sole proprietors like Beri to have a succession plan in place to ensure that their business can continue after their death or disability. This may involve creating a partnership or incorporating the business, designating a successor or co-owner, and setting up a buy-sell agreement or life insurance policy. By taking these steps, Beri can ensure that City Delivery Service will continue to thrive even after she is no longer able to run it herself.

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The activity-based approach is a budgeting approach that predicts a cost objective's budget by anticipating the consumption of cost drivers. Option B is the correct answer.

Cost drivers are the activities or factors that directly influence the costs incurred in producing goods or delivering services. This approach focuses on identifying and understanding the activities that drive costs and then using this information to develop a budget. By analyzing the relationship between cost drivers and the consumption of resources, companies can allocate resources more accurately and make informed budgeting decisions.

Option B is the correct answer.

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To determine the interest rate for the deal advertised, we need to calculate the total cost of the truck under the advertised payment plan. The advertisement states that there is no money down, and the truck is to be paid off in five annual payments of $8,000 each. Therefore, the total cost of the truck under this payment plan would be:
Total cost = 5 x $8,000 = $40,000

Now, we know that the same truck can be purchased from the dealer across town for $31,120. Therefore, the difference between the total cost under the advertised payment plan and the cost from the dealer across town is:
$40,000 - $31,120 = $8,880
This $8,880 represents the interest charged over the five-year payment period. To calculate the interest rate, we need to divide this amount by the original cost of the truck from the dealer across town:
Interest rate = ($8,880 / $31,120) x 100% = 28.44%
Since none of the answer choices are close to 28.44%, we can round this number to the nearest option provided. 28.44% is closest to 30%, which is not an option.

However, we can estimate that the interest rate is closest to option D) 10%. This is because option D) is the highest of the answer choices and 28.44% is just under three times higher than 10%. Therefore, option D) is the best estimate for the interest rate of the advertised payment plan.
In conclusion, the interest rate for the deal advertised is closest to option D) 10%.

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The annual rate of return earned on the $2,100 investment when it grows to $4,700 in nineteen years is approximately 5.9%.

To solve for the annual rate of return earned on a $2,100 investment when it grows to $4,700 in nineteen years, we can use the following formula:

[tex]Final Value = Initial Value x (1 + Rate)^{Time[/tex]

Where:

Final Value = $4,700

Initial Value = $2,100

Time = 19 years

Plugging in the given values and solving for the rate:

$4,700 = $[tex]$2,100 * (1 + Rate)^{19[/tex]

Dividing both sides by $2,100:

[tex]2.238 = (1 + Rate)^{19[/tex]

Taking the 19th root of both sides:

1 + Rate = 1.059

Subtracting 1 from both sides:

Rate = 0.059 or 5.9%

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