How The Earth Was Made: Video viewing guide1) According to Dr. Durda, where did the water that now covers our oceans come from?2) what were the two major gases in Earth's atmosphere 4 billion years ago?

During photosynthesis, plants trap light energy using their leaves. Plants use the energy of the sun to transform water and carbon dioxide into a sugar called glucose. Plants use glucose as a source of energy and to create other compounds like cellulose and starch.

The process through which plants convert solar energy (from the Sun) into chemical energy is known as photosynthesis. The chemical energy is available as food and is stored in the plant as sugar. Everything a plant needs to begin photosynthesis is already present in its leaves.

Nuclear fusion is the method used to power the sun. The extreme pressure and temperature in the sun's core lead to the separation of the nuclei from their electrons during nuclear fusion. One helium atom is created when two hydrogen nuclei combine. Radiant energy is released during the fusion process.

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About 45% of the volume of our blood is made up of our red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Plasma liquid makes up the remaining 55%.

With about 55% of the total blood volume, plasma is the biggest blood component by volume. It is a clear, straw-colored liquid that contains red, white, and platelets. Over 700 proteins and other compounds are present.

Plasma is composed of 90% water and 10% ions, proteins, dissolved gases, nutritional molecules, and waste materials. The albumin and fibrinogen proteins, which regulate serum osmotic pressure, as well as the coagulation factors and antibody proteins, are among the proteins found in plasma.

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In some circumstances, species that have evolved to live in those settings must use active transportation to modify their water levels in response to osmosis' natural tendencies.

Their bodies frequently consume too much water. They are powerless to control their tonicity. For creatures that reside there, only salt water is problematic.

The cell is almost always hypertonic to fresh water because it is packed with substances such as proteins, carbohydrates, and salts. Therefore, water tends to enter a cell fast when it is in fresh water, causing it to enlarge or even rupture.

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To determine which traits are dominant in an organism like a pea plant i.e whether it is homozygous or heterozygous for the trait, a test cross is performed.

To establish if a heterozygote or a homozygote was present in an organism that expressed a dominant characteristic. Breeders of plants and animals still utilise a method known as the test cross. A test cross involves mating a dominantly expressed organism with a homozygous recessive organism with the same trait. All F1 offspring will be heterozygotes exhibiting the dominant characteristic if the dominant-expressing organism is a homozygote. The F1 progeny will instead display a 1:1 ratio of heterozygotes and recessive homozygotes if the dominant expressing organism is a heterozygote. Mendel's premise that pairs of unit components segregate equally is further supported by the test cross.

If an organism has homozygous alleles for the characteristic, all of the organisms in the ensuing F1 generation will exhibit the trait, and their genotypes will be heterozygous for it.

The F1 generation, however, will contain half of the organisms with the dominant phenotype and half with the recessive phenotype if the organism has a heterozygous genotype for the dominant characteristic.

The tall (dominant) or dwarf (recessive) aspect of the pea plants can be used to illustrate this hybrid, as shown.

The parent's genotype will be homozygous dominant (TT) if the outcome is entirely tall plants, and heterozygous dominant (TT) if the outcome is 50% tall and 50% dwarf plants (Tt).

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The main function of protein is to carry oxygen, speeds up chemical reactions and fights infections. Therefore, the correct statement is option B.

Proteins are a class of biomolecules that play an important role in the structure, function, and regulation of cells and tissues in living organisms. Protein constitutes the long chains of amino acids forming complex three-dimensional structures.

Proteins perform various functions in the body, such as carrying out chemical reactions, transportation of molecules, carry oxygen, and defending the body against infections and diseases.

Hemoglobin is also a protein that carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Enzymes are also proteins that lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to occur and speed up the chemical reactions whereas antibodies are another class of proteins that bind to specific antigens for destruction by the immune system, thereby, protecting the body from various diseases.

Therefore, proteins help in carrying oxygen, speeds up chemical reactions and fights infections.

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Answer:

The fox population would also decrease because they would have less to eat. That means that a lot of them would starve to death.

Woodrow Wilson believed that the league of nations would bring about world peace and asked for less restriction on trades, redistribution of colonies, reduction in weapons and the freedom of seas.

On January 8, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson of The United States of America, as address to Congress, talked about a 14-point program advancing the goal of the US to establish world peace.

At the end of World War I, these points were considered as the basis for peace negotiations in the Treaty of Versailles. He believed that the creation of the League of Nations is the most effective approach to accomplish world peace.

The Treaty of Versailles was officially signed on the day of June 28, 1919, marking an end to World War I. Woodrow Wilson asked to bring an end to the clandestine diplomacy, freedom of the seas and a reduction in weapons, redistributing colonies fairly, reducing trade restrictions and upholding of the national sovereignty.

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Answer: The wavelength of this transverse wave is equal to 7.0 meters. Given the following data: Frequency = 15.0 Hz. Distance = 3.50 meters. To calculate the wavelength of this transverse wave: What is wavelength? Wavelength can be defined as the distance between two (2) successive crests (troughs) of a wave.

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Renewable resources,  be that as it may, can be exhausted while possibly not appropriately overseen or preserved. Nonrenewable assets are those regular assets that are exhausted more rapidly than they can recover.

The assets that will be generally scant from here on out, as indicated by the report, are water, biodiversity and air, interesting earth and metals, horticulture, garbage removal, handling power, youth, well-being and health, abilities and instruction, and time.

Regular assets are the things present in the climate that can be utilized by people. Three significant regular assets are water, non-renewable energy sources, coal and petrol, timberland, and natural life.

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Note that:

1) Endocytosis does not fit since it is an active transport method, but the other three alternatives (passive transport, osmosis, and diffusion) are all passive modes.

2) Exocytosis is a sort of passive transport, whereas the other three alternatives (Active Transport, Sodium-Potassium Pump, and channel protein) are all types of active transport.

3) "Cellulose" does not fit since it is a carbohydrate that is a key component of plant cell walls, but "selectively permeable," "proteins," and "lipid bilayer" are all cell membrane-related terms.

It is to be noted that the transportation of molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient requires the addition of energy. Where this occurs, it is called Active Transport.

In contrast, passive transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane along a concentration gradient without the need of energy. In other words, active travel necessitates the expenditure of energy, but passive transport does not.

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What do the energy assets uranium and coal share for all intents and purposes? The two of them are shaped from the remaining parts of dead organic entities.

Non-renewable energy sources are produced using disintegrating plants and creatures. These energies are tracked down in the World's outside layer and contain carbon and hydrogen, which can be scorched for energy. Coal, oil, and gaseous petrol are instances of non-renewable energy sources.

Both coal and sunlight-based energy has advantages and disadvantages. A few similitudes between the two is, the two of them cost large chunks of change to get everything rolling. Every item needs to go through an interaction empower to be changed over into an alternate sort of energy. One more comparability between the two is, the two of them are utilized to give use to the world.

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Answer:

Because at any given instant you can independently control your position and your velocity.

Explanation:

It means that the tissue lining the cervix has abnormal squamous cells. Atypical squamous cells that do not rule out high-grade lesions may be a sign of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), which, if left untreated, may progress to cervical cancer there is. Further testing may be required.

Atypical squamous cells of unknown significance are the most common Pap test abnormalities. This may be a sign of infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) or other types of infection such as: B. Yeast infection. Atypical squamous cells of unknown importance.

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The enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template during transcription to create a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to produce a mature mRNA molecule, which can then be translated to produce the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene

Answer:

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The order of the amino acids in the protein molecule is determined by the sequence of bases on the DNA molecule.

The body is comprised of protein, that can be found in almost every organ, tissue, and body part, including muscle, bone, skin, and hair. It contributes to the creation of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood, and enzymes, which drive numerous chemical reactions.

Yes, You may have too much of a good thing, like with most things in life, therefore if you consume too much protein, you might pay a price. For instance, kidney stones are more likely to form in those who consume particularly high protein diets.

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Answer:

The small intestine

Explanation:

The central idea of this passage Animal Farm Napoleon are  Napoleon's ideas centered around his own ambition and desire for power, and he is willing to use any means necessary to achieve his goals.

Napoleon is a figure from George Orwell's "Animal Farm" who rises to prominence among the farm's animal residents. Napoleon is a pig who is depicted as being shrewd and intelligent. He is ambitious and power-hungry, and he will do whatever it takes to get what he wants.

Napoleon implements a variety of concepts and rules on the farm throughout the course of the book. Some of these concepts are:

Napoleon is one of the primary architects of this philosophy and takes control of the farm once Mr. Jones is overthrown, establishing the pigs as the community's leaders. He considers the pigs to be the farm's most talented and clever creatures.

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If two chimps are crossed and have offspring that are 50% bent fingers and 50% straight fingers, the genotypes of the parents are Ff and ff.

Genotype may be defined as the ultimate combination of alleles of those genes which are selected for specific study in order to reveal some genetic characteristics.

According to the context of this question, in chimpanzees, straight fingers, F are dominant to bent fingers, f. And then if two chimps are crossed and have offspring that are 50% bent fingers and 50% straight fingers.

In this scenario, none of the parents have genotypes homozygous dominant because in this case, the 50% offspring of bent fingers are not produced.

Therefore, if two chimps are crossed and have offspring that are 50% bent fingers and 50% straight fingers, the genotypes of the parents are Ff and ff.

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Gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state is called  recessive. Only individuals who are homozygous (also known as having two copies of the gene) will experience the effects of recessive alleles.

For instance, because the allele for blue eyes is recessive, you need two copies of the 'blue eye' allele to have blue eyes. A heterozygous state in which a dominant allele is expressed, hiding an allele that is only expressed when present in a homozygous condition. A gene or allele that only expresses when a person is homozygous.

a gene that only expresses when homozygosity is present P synthesis the very first actual breeders to cross. Genotype The individual's genetic make-up Phenotype The person's physical attributes Square Punnett Determine the results of two crossings.

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In a speech before Congress known as the fourteen point peace plan, Woodrow Wilson articulated his proposals for securing peace in the future and avoiding problems as serious as the World War had been.

Although there were numerous concepts given in this speech, just a handful stood out. Another crucial element was the requirement for a just settlement between the victorious Allies and the Axis, which limited reparations and established sensible country boundaries. Wilson believed that unequal land distribution and onerous reparations would only fuel existing animosity and spark new battles.

Wilson's plan also included the establishment of a "universal association of nations" to resolve conflicts and defend the world's nations from unjust practices.

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Answer:

neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh)

Explanation:

These nerves innervate the contraction of the iris sphincter muscle via the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), resulting in constriction of the pupil.

Predators have advantage over the prey as the prey are vulnerable and get hunted and also the prey population is regulated by the predator.

Predators are those animals which prey on other animals, that is, they obtain their nutrition by hunting down and eating other animals. Prey are those animals which get hunted by the predators.

Predators are a vital part of an ecosystem and have advantages over a prey as the prey is vulnerable and gets hunted down. Due to this, the predators are able to keep the population of prey in check and also help eliminate the old and sick animals from the prey species. They also ensure the transfer of energy to the next trophic level and by feeding on animals they also help reduce the waste in the environment.

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The first step of the phosphorus cycle is the weathering of rocks and minerals.

The phosphorus cycle is a biogeochemical process, which means that it involves the movement of a chemical element (in this case, phosphorus) through the biosphere, the geosphere, and the hydrosphere.

In the natural process, Phosphorus enters the ecosystem through weathering of rocks and minerals, and it is taken up by plants through the roots. Then, the phosphorus is passed along the food chain from plants to herbivores to carnivores. Once the organisms die, the phosphorus is returned to the soil through decomposition by microorganisms, and the cycle continues. Human activities such as agriculture and mining can also affect the phosphorus cycle by releasing or removing large amounts of phosphorus from the ecosystem.

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The Resons  for clumped distribu-tion are Clumped resources, social behavior and reproduction.

A clumped distribution, also known as an aggregated distribution, describes individuals that are distributed in patches. This can happen if resources are distributed unfairly.

The Study of Hierarchies and Dominance Behaviors in European Pond Turtle

Research on intricate social connections in reptiles, especially in turtles, is still in its infancy and is frequently done on adults. Over their first year of life, researchers looked into how hierarchical social structures developed in hatchlings of the European Pond Turtle. and for seven months, they regularly examined the paired interactions of three small groups of turtles raised in a controlled environment. The goal of data analysis was to discover and describe the final hierarchical structures.

The sharing of spaces and activities by a steady group of people is a crucial prerequisite for the growth of solid social boundaries and complex relationships. Less than 20% of the 94 species of reptiles categorized as exhibiting social aggregation met the requirements for "stable social aggregation" in a review on the subject, according to Gardner et al. Chelonians are sort of a gray area in such a broad framework. There aren't many studies on social interactions and stable social structures, and those that do tend to focus on dyadic interactions between pairs of people, with an emphasis on agonistic behaviors rather than a broad perspective of potential hierarchical structures within the group itself.

Several studies on turtle and tortoise colonies in captivity appear to demonstrate that a few species can create linear hierarchies, which are not always correlated with biometric indicators or reproductive success.

Resources are typically concentrated in tiny parts of a broader ecosystem, or individuals establish social groupings, which leads to clumped patterns. Because their habitats are not evenly spread over huge areas, the majority of species appear to have clumped distributions at large geographical scales.

One benefit of a herd, community, or other clumped distribution is that it makes it easier for a population to spot predators early and from a farther distance, possibly mounting a successful defense.

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No, there is no method of removing the Y chromosome and replacing it with an X chromosome.

Individuals with one X and one Y sex chromosome will usually have male body parts. The presence of the Y chromosome determines a person's biological sex. Whatever set of chromosomes a person is born with cannot be changed. This is because chromosomes are present in all the cells that make up our body.

The Y chromosome carries a male-determining gene called SRY. Expression of the SRY gene results in a protein that initiates the processes that lead to the development of the male reproductive organs. While the XX chromosome carries the female determining gene.

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The rate of growth of a certain bacteria B, in a petri dish is proportional to the number of S, is inversely proportional to the square of bacteria in the dish is Directly proportional.

In mathematics, there are two ways that quantities are proportional to each other. One of those methods is when their magnitudes are directly proportional. This means that there is a constant of proportionality.

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Be true. The growth rate of a particular bacterium B in a petri dish is proportional to the number of S and inversely proportional to his squared number of bacteria in the petri dish.

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