Identify these elements based on their locations in the periodic table. Give the symbol, not the name.
period 5, group 2 (2A)___________
period 4, group 11 (1B)____________
period 6, group 15 (5A)________________

The negative electrons are in the outermost orbits and are involved in chemical reactions. they determine the chemical of an atom. (FALSE)

It should be valence electrons.

In predicting a chemical reaction that will occur, it is necessary to take into account the number of electrons contained in an atom. In addition, valence electrons play a role in chemical bond formation reactions. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in atoms which have the highest energy level and are involved in chemical bonds. Valence electrons are located farther from the nucleus of the atom, so that the electrons of one atom can be attracted more or less by the nucleus than the nuclei of other atoms.

An atom tends to be unreactive or stable (inert) so it is difficult to interact with other types of atoms when the valence electrons are fully filled, which resembles s2p6. Meanwhile, an atom tends to be reactive if there is an excess of one or two atoms resembling groups IA, IIA, and IIIA. However, there are also atoms that lack a few electrons, which are called more reactive, such as groups XVIA and XVIIA.

Petrucci R.H., Harwood W.S. and Herring F.G. in General Chemistry in 2002 states that:

" In the main group elements, valence electrons are defined as the electrons in the electron shell with the highest principal quantum number, n."

The number of valence electrons an atom has depends on its electron configuration.

Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was:

Determine True/False! the negative electrons are in the outermost orbits and are involved in chemical reactions. they determine the chemical of an atom.

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Among the options given, Cl2(g) is likely to have the highest standard molar entropy.

The standard molar entropy is a measure of the amount of disorder or randomness in a substance at standard temperature and pressure (STP).

Therefore, the substance with the highest standard molar entropy is likely to be one of the gases, either H2(g), Cl2(g), or I2(g).

Of these options, the diatomic molecule with the highest standard molar entropy is likely to be Cl2(g), as chlorine gas has more atoms than hydrogen gas and less molecular weight than iodine gas.

Therefore, among the options given, Cl2(g) is likely to have the highest standard molar entropy.

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The statement "A represents London dispersion forces, which are weaker than the force represented by B" correctly identifies the intermolecular force represented by A and compares its strength relative to the intermolecular force represented by B.

If we assume that B refers to a general intermolecular force, such as dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding, then London dispersion forces can be stronger under certain conditions.

This is because London dispersion forces can be significant even between nonpolar molecules, whereas other intermolecular forces are typically only significant between polar molecules. Additionally, the strength of London dispersion forces generally increases with the size of the molecules involved, which can make them relatively stronger in larger, nonpolar molecules compared to other types of intermolecular forces.

In summary, the strength of intermolecular forces depends on a variety of factors, including the nature of the molecules involved, their polarity, and their size. While it's not always the case, London dispersion forces can be stronger than other types of intermolecular forces under certain conditions.

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The principal quantum number refers to the size and energy level of the outer orbital. The principal quantum number for Li is 2, whereas the principal quantum number for Fr is 7. The correct answer is D.

The principal quantum number (n) is a quantum number that describes the energy level of an electron in an atom. It also indicates the size of the electron cloud around the nucleus. The higher the value of n, the higher the energy level and the larger the electron cloud.

The atomic number of Li (Lithium) is 3, which means that it has 3 protons and 3 electrons in its neutral state. The electron configuration of Li is 1s2 2s1. The outermost electron in Li is located in the n=2 energy level.

Therefore, the principal quantum number for Lithium is 2.

The atomic number of Fr (Francium) is 87, which means that it has 87 protons and 87 electrons in its neutral state. The electron configuration of Fr is [Rn] 7s1. The outermost electron in Fr is located in the n=7 energy level.

Therefore, the principal quantum number for Francium is 7.

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There are approximately 0.3392 grams of oxygen and 0.00088 grams of carbon dioxide in a single breath of fresh air.

What is Concentration?

In chemistry, concentration refers to the amount of a substance (solute) that is present in a given volume or mass of another substance (solvent). It is a measure of how much of a particular substance is present in a mixture, solution, or sample.

The concentration of gases in fresh air is approximately 21% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and 1-2% water vapor.

To calculate the number of moles of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a breath of fresh air, we need to use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure of the gas, V is its volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Let's assume that the volume of a single breath of fresh air is 0.5 L at room temperature (25°C or 298 K) and atmospheric pressure (1 atm). We can then use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of oxygen and carbon dioxide:

For oxygen:

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT = (1 atm)(0.21)(0.5 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(298 K) = 0.0106 mol

For carbon dioxide:

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT = (1 atm)(0.0004)(0.5 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(298 K) = 0.00002 mol

So there are approximately 0.0106 moles of oxygen and 0.00002 moles of carbon dioxide in a single breath of fresh air.

To calculate the mass of each gas, we can use the molar mass of each gas:

Using the number of moles we calculated above, we can calculate the mass of each gas:

Mass of oxygen = number of moles x molar mass = 0.0106 mol x 32 g/mol = 0.3392 g

Mass of carbon dioxide = number of moles x molar mass = 0.00002 mol x 44 g/mol = 0.00088 g

So there are approximately 0.3392 grams of oxygen and 0.00088 grams of carbon dioxide in a single breath of fresh air.

It's worth noting that the concentration of gases in exhaled air can vary depending on a number of factors, including the individual's health status, activity level, and surrounding environment.

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When a resistor of resistance R is connected to a battery of emf & and negligible internal resistance, the power dissipated in the resistor is P. If the resistor is replaced with a resistor of resistance 2R, without changing the battery, the power dissipated will be 4P. Therefore, option D is correct.

The amount by which an object impedes or resists an electric current is referred to as resistance. The flow of electrons is referred to as electric current. Consider an example of a person struggling to move from one shop to another in a crowded market.

When a resistor R is connected to a battery of emf Volt, the energy dissipated in the resistor is P = R V² because the battery is not changed, so energy is directly proportional to resistance. As a result of this relationship, we can conclude that decreasing R causes an increase in P.

Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:

There are many statements that can be made about cells and sugar, but here are three possible options with one true statement:

All cells require sugar to function properly.

Sugar is harmful to cells and should be avoided.

Cells can store excess sugar as fat.

Explanation:

The true statement is: "All cells require sugar to function properly."

If dissociation of mgcl2 in water were 100%, the van`t hoff factor would be 3 (three); however, for real solutions the van`t hoff factor for mgcl2 is (greater than, less than) this value.

MgCl2 dissociates into three ions when it dissolves in water, giving it a theoretical van't Hoff factor of 3. The van't Hoff factor for MgCl2 is normally tested at a value of no more than 2.7.

The van't hoff factor for magnesium chloride is 3. The letter I stands for the Van't Hoff factor. One magnesium cation and two chloride ions make up the last three ions formed when magnesium chloride separates. Consequently, the magnesium chloride van't hoff factor is equal to 3.

A solute's impact on associated properties, such as osmotic pressure, relative vapor pressure reduction, boiling-point elevation, and freezing-point depression, is measured by the van 't Hoff factor i.

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KCl would be considered to be supersaturated if 40g of solute were dissolved at 60ºC.

Option A is correct.

A supersaturated solution is described as a solution that contains more than the average solvent that can be dissolved at a given temperature

​ At 60ºC, the solubility of KCl is about 42g/100mL of water. Therefore, since we have 40g of KCl that were dissolved in less than 100mL of water, the solution would be supersaturated.

In conclusion, supersaturation occurs with a solution when the concentration of a solute exceeds the concentration specified by the value of solubility at equilibrium.

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Volume in liters of 0.143 manganese (II) sulfate that contains 73.0g of solute is 3.35L. Volume is a three-dimensional spatial measurement.

Volume is a three-dimensional spatial measurement. It is frequently mathematically quantified using SI generated units (such as the cubic metre and litre) as well as different imperial either Us or customary equivalents (such as the gallon, quart, cubic inch). Volume is connected to the notion of length (cubed).

number of moles = 73.0g/ 151=0.48mol

molarity = number of mole/ volume of solution in litre

0.143=0.48/volume of solution in litre

volume of solution in litre=0.48/ 0.143=3.35L

Therefore, 3.35L is the volume of the solution.

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Balance the half-reactions to guarantee that the number of electrons transferred in both reactions is the same:

NO3- + 8H+ + 10e- N2 + 4H2O H2 2H+ + 2e- NO3- + 8H+ + 10e-

The next step is to figure out how many electrons are moved when 145 molecules of H2 are oxidized. We can see from the balanced equation for the H2 half-reaction that 1 molecule of H2 makes 2 electrons:

2H+ + 2e- → H2

As a result, 145 molecules of H2 will yield:

145 molecular units H2 has two protons per molecule. 290 electrons Equals H2

Finally, we can use the denitrification reaction balanced equation to calculate how many molecules of N2 are created for 290 electrons:

1 molecule of N2 is produced by 10 electrons.

Therefore, 1 molecule N2 290 electrons/10 electrons = 29 molecules N2

29 molecules of N2 gas will be created.

To answer the second query, we must balance the half-reactions:

SO42- + 8H+ + 8e- H2S + 4H2O CO2 + 8H+ + 8e- CH3COO- + 2H2O SO42- + 8H+ + 8e- H2S + 4H2O

The balanced formulae show that 8 electrons are transferred in both half-reactions. As a result, in order to oxidize 48 molecules of CH3COO-, 6 molecules of SO42- must be reduced:

There are 48 nuclei CH3COO- 8 electrons per atom 384 protons = CH3CO-

384 electrons (eight electrons per atom) 48 units of SO42- SO42-

As a result, 48 molecules of CH3COO- reduced to CO2 will yield:

six electrons 4 H2O/molecule SO42- 24 units of SO42- H2O

The answer is that 24 molecules of water will be created.

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The molecules that would have the intermolecular forces be influenced mainly by the hydrogen bonding is C₂H₅OH , CH₃NH₂.

The Hydrogen bonding is the special type of the dipole-dipole attraction between the molecules, but not the covalent bond to the hydrogen atom. It will results from the attractive force in between the hydrogen atom that are covalently bonded to the more electronegative atom such as the N, O, or F atom and the another very electronegative atom. The hydrogen bonding, is the interaction that involves a hydrogen atom that is  located in between a pair of the other atoms having the high affinity for the electrons

Thus, C₂H₅OH , CH₃NH₂  both molecules influenced by  the hydrogen bonding.

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The pH of the solution made by mixing 15.0cm³ 0.1M NaOH and 35.0 cm³ 0.2 M HCOOH would be 2.39.

The first step in solving this problem is to write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaOH and HCOOH:

NaOH + HCOOH → NaCOOH + H2O

Next, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant:

moles NaOH = 0.1 mol/L x 0.015 L = 0.0015 moles

moles HCOOH = 0.2 mol/L x 0.035 L = 0.007 moles

Since NaOH and HCOOH react in a 1:1 stoichiometry, we know that 0.0015 moles of NaOH reacts with 0.0015 moles of HCOOH. This leaves 0.007 - 0.0015 = 0.0055 moles of HCOOH unreacted.

Now, we need to use the equilibrium constant (Ka) for the reaction between HCOOH and water to determine the concentration of H+ ions in the solution:

HCOOH + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + HCOO-

Ka = [H3O+][HCOO-]/[HCOOH]

We are given the value of Ka, so we can use it to find the concentration of H+ ions:

Ka = 1.82 × 10^-4 M

[H3O+] = [HCOO-] = x (let's assume that the initial concentration of HCOOH is much larger than x, so we can assume that x is negligible compared to the initial concentration of HCOOH)

[HCOOH] = 0.0055 moles / 0.05 L = 0.11 M

Ka = (x^2) / (0.11 - x)

Since x is negligible compared to the initial concentration of HCOOH, we can simplify the equation to:

Ka = (x^2) / 0.11

Solving for x, we get:

x = sqrt(Ka * [HCOOH]) = sqrt(1.82 x 10^-4 * 0.11) = 0.0041 M

Therefore, [H+] = 0.0041 M

Finally, we can use the definition of pH to calculate the pH of the solution:

pH = -log[H+] = -log(0.0041) = 2.39

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 2.39.

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The pH strip is used to test the pH of a solution. The pH of water is neutral which is around 7.

The pH is known as the power of hydrogen. The pH is used to measure the  degree of basicity and acidity of a solution. The amount of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution determines the pH of the solution.  Mathematically, pH is given by the formula:

pH -= -log [H⁺]

The pH strip is a strip of litmus paper with which a person can measure the pH value of a liquid solution. The substance in the pH paper causes the paper to show a different color at different acidity values.

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The correct free body diagram for the hockey puck would show all three of these forces acting on it. The diagram would show Fg pointing downward, FN pointing upward, and Ft pointing backward opposite to the direction of the puck's motion.

The free body diagram of the hockey puck sliding along an ice surface shortly after it has left the hockey stick would have the following forces acting on it:

The force of gravity (Fg) pulling the puck downward toward the Earth. The normal force (FN) exerted by the ice surface upward on the puck to prevent it from falling through the ice. The force of friction (Ft) exerted by the ice surface on the puck in the direction opposite to its motion.

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The simplest straightforward explanation for the existence of black lines at particular wavelengths in an otherwise continuous spectrum is that a cool gas between observer and source is absorbing light at the wavelengths where the missing photons should be present.

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The simplest straightforward explanation for the existence of dark lines at particular wavelengths in an otherwise continuous spectrum is that a cool gas between observer & source is absorbing light at the wavelengths where the missing photons should be present.

The wavelength of a waveform signal, as it travels through space or along a wire, is the separation between two identical points (adjacent crests) in adjacent cycles. This length is frequently stated in metres (m), centimetres (cm), or millimetres (mm) in wireless systems (mm).

The number of vibrations that pass over a specific place in a second is known as the frequency and is expressed in cycles per second (Hz) (Hertz). Here are some wavelength illustrations: Yellow Light, for instance.

All visible light has a wavelength between 400 and 700 nanometers (nm). The wavelength of yellow light is approximately 570 nanometers. Wavelength (nm) (nm)

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To find the density of the polystyrene block, you will need to follow the steps outlined in the question.

1. Click "Reset" to ensure that the material investigation tray is empty and ready to use.
2. Drag the whole (uncut) block of polystyrene onto the material investigation tray.
3. Record the mass of the polystyrene block. This can typically be found using a scale or balance.
4. Record the volume of the polystyrene block. This can be found by measuring the length, width, and height of the block and multiplying them together.
5. Calculate the density of the polystyrene block by dividing the mass by the volume.

The formula for density is:

Density = Mass/Volume

By following these steps, you will be able to find the density of the polystyrene block. Remember to be accurate in your measurements and calculations to ensure that your results are correct.

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According to the IUPAC  nomenclature, there are 3 carbon atoms in longest chain, there is no functional  group and name of compound is propane.

Functional group is defined as a substituent or group of toms or an atom which causes chemical reactions.Each functional group will react similarly regardless to the parent carbon chain to which it is attached.This helps in prediction of chemical reactions.

The reactivity of functional group can be enhanced by making modifications in the functional group .Atoms present in functional groups are linked to each other by means of covalent bonds.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

solution contains 3.5 moles CaCl2/L solution . We need to convert moles CaCl2 to grams.

Hope this helps :)

For ionic compounds, assume complete dissociation into cations and anions. CsCI,C10Hg,Na3PO4, are mentioned below.

What is compounds ?

A compound combines one or more additional substances to form a new product. The combination of two substances or elements is equal to the mass ratio for making that product. It is attached firmly, and they have equal in all ways to form a combination. The elements both are bonded together. Each compound has its chemical structure; if it breaks, it can either split into two atoms or molecules or in a single. Different types of compounds are present.

What is ionic compound ?

An ion with a positive charge is a cation, whereas one with a negative charge is an anion.

It is equal to the numbers of ions that form when an ionic compound dissolves.

if i>1, the molecules are said to be dissociated.

if i=1, the molecules have neither associated nor dissociated.

if i<1, the molecules have associated.

CsCl

vant hoff factor i= 2

C₁₀H₈

vant hoff factor i= 1

Na₃Po₄

vant hoff factor i= 3+1= 4.

Therefore, For ionic compounds, assume complete dissociation into cations and anions. CsCI,C10Hg,Na3PO4, are mentioned above.

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The medium (material) with the fastest electromagnetic wave speed, material 1, with a speed of 3.0 108 m/s, would be the one that is most likely a solid.

A P wave. The P wave, or main wave, is the initial type of body wave. It is the type of seismic wave that travels the fastest and arrives first at a seismic station.

Some photons are absorbed by the atoms in some materials, including metal, preventing light from passing through. These substances are translucent. In different materials, like glass, the Since atoms are unable to absorb photons, light travels through them. These substances are translucent.

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The reaction here is a beta decay and the missing component is 137/56 Ba

Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an unstable atomic nucleus releases a beta particle, which is an electron or a positron, in order to become more stable.

Beta decay occurs when the neutron-to-proton ratio in the nucleus is too high, and the nucleus transforms into a more stable configuration by releasing a beta particle.

Thus the beta decay would give a daughter nuclei that has the mass number greater than that of the parent by one unit.

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Using phenolphthalein instead of bromocresol green for standardizing HCl would likely give a different endpoint and thus a different titration result.

This refers to the  the process of getting the exact concentration (molarity) of a solution. Titration is one type of analytical methods often used in standardization. During a titration, an exact volume of one substance is reacted with a known amount of another substance.

Phenolphthalein has a different pH range for its color change (8.2-10.0) compared to bromocresol green (3.8-5.4), which could lead to different titration endpoints and result in an inaccurate determination of the concentration of HCl. Therefore, it is important to use the indicator specified in the experimental protocol to ensure accurate and precise results.

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The line that represents the motion of the cathode ray in an electric field is line A.

The correct option is C.

Electron streams can be seen in discharge tubes as cathode rays or electron beams. When a voltage is applied to an evacuated glass tube with two electrodes, it can be seen that the glass behind the positive electrode glows as a result of the cathode's emission of electrons.

Cathode rays are deflected to the positive electrode.

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Since the standard state for gases is the situation of the gas at 1 atm and the standard state for solids and liquids is the form at a 1M concentration, option C is the best choice.

The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute in a given volume of solution. Molarity, which is the number of moles of solvent in 1 L of solution, is used to express concentrations.

The quantity of solute that was dissolved in a certain volume of the solvent or fluid is measured by the solution's concentration. A solution that contains a significant concentration of dissolved solute is said to be concentrated.

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A gas is compressible and assumes the volume and shape of its container whereas a liquid is not compressible and assumes the shape of a portion of its container.

What is compression?

The process of compression involves gradually reducing the system's volume while increasing pressure and temperature, with or without the possibility of heat transfer. Heat transmission may or may not be achieved during the expansion phase since volume steadily decreases as pressure and temperature fall.

The act, process, or outcome of compressing; the condition of being compressed. Compressing an internal combustion engine's fuel mixture is one example of compressing.

With each advance and retreat of the piston, a four-part cycle of compression takes place inside the cylinder (two strokes per cycle). Compression, discharge, expansion, and intake comprise the cycle's four functional components.

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135 *10^24amu is the mass of 225g

By amu, what do you mean?

A carbon-12 atom's mass is precisely 1/12 of an atomic mass unit. The nucleus of an atom of carbon-12 contains six neutrons and six protons. It's written as a.m.u or u. (unified). Atomic masses are expressed using this unit of mass. The average of the neutron rest mass and the proton rest mass is 1 a.m.u.

The average mass of an element's atoms expressed in atomic mass units is known as its atomic mass (amu, also known as daltons, D). The mass of each isotope is multiplied by its abundance to produce the atomic mass, which is a weighted average of all the isotopes of that element.

1amu = 1.662 x 10^-24g.

225 grams will be 225/1.662 *10^-24 i.e. 135 *10^24amu

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18.8 moles is the  theoretical yield in moles of hydrogen produced from the reaction of 18.8 moles of zinc.

The theoretical yield of a chemical reaction is the amount of product received from the full conversion of something like the limiting reactant. It is the quantity of product produced by a flawless (theoretical) chemical reaction.

As a result, it isn't the same as that of the quantity obtained from a laboratory reaction. Theoretical yield is often stated in grams or moles.

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl[tex]_2[/tex]+ H[tex]_2[/tex]

mole of zinc =18.8 moles

The mole ratio between zinc and hydrogen is 1:1

moles of hydrogen = 18.8 moles

Therefore, 18.8 moles is the  theoretical yield in moles of hydrogen produced from the reaction of 18.8 moles of zinc.

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The molarity of the solution is approximately 0.00498 M.

The equation to calculate the molarity of the solution would be:

c = (π / (R * T))

where:

c is the molarity of the solution

π is the osmotic pressure of the solution, which is given as 13 atm

R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol*K))

T is the absolute temperature, which is given as 330 K

Therefore, substituting the given values, we get:

c = (13 atm) / (8.314 J/(mol*K) * 330 K)

c = 0.00498 M

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True, gravimetric analysis requires a precipitation reaction.

Gravimetric analysis is a quantitative analytical technique that involves precipitation of an analyte from a solution, followed by filtration, washing, and drying of the precipitate to obtain a constant weight. The precipitate is then separated from the solution, washed, and dried to remove any traces of the mother liquor.

The mass of the precipitate is then determined using a balance, and the amount of the analyte in the original sample can be calculated using stoichiometry. The weight of the precipitate is then used to determine the amount of the analyte present in the original sample. Therefore, gravimetric analysis requires a precipitation reaction to occur.

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