Answer:
dominant
Explanation:
the dominant allele is the capital letter (for example, T) whereas the recessive allele is the lowercase letter (for example, t). the dominant allele is usually written first.
It is proper to put the dominant allele before a recessive allele when determining the genotype of the offspring in a Punnett square.
What are alleles?Alleles are the variation present in the gene or DNA sequence. It is the sequence of nucleotides that encodes the production of the product of a gene.
There are two types of alleles, dominant and recessive, the dominant gene is denoted by a capital letter, and it is placed before the recessive allele.
Thus, in a Punnett square, the dominant allele should come before the recessive allele when determining the genotype of the offspring.
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Shown below (in the video) is a micelle, having a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end. Which of the following best describes the micelle
A loosely bound aggregation of several tens or hundreds of atoms, ions (electrically charged atoms), or molecules, forming a colloidal particle
one of a number of ultramicroscopic particles dispersed through some continuous medium
What are Micelles ?Globular or roughly spherical structure composed of organic molecules so their nonpolar ends are oriented toward the interior of the aggregate and the polar ends are oriented away from the interior.
Soaps and detergents form micelles when temperatureis above Kraft temperature and concentration is above critical micelle concentration (CMC). For soaps, CMC is about 10−4 to 10−3 M.Micelles are composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components assembled into nanosized spherical, ellipsoid, cylindrical, or unilamellar structures.Learn more about Micelles here:
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What can you conclude from the fact that DNA analysis of all chloroplasts reveals that they are monophyletic
The conclusion drawn from the fact that DNA analysis of all chloroplasts reveals that they are monophyletic is Endosymbiosis of the same species of cyanobacteria occurred multiple times in cells that evolved into red, green, and brown algae.
Most scientists agree that non-photosynthetic eukaryotic hosts originally acquired photosynthetic prokaryotic endosymbionts, which led to the formation of plastids. It is also acknowledged that non-photosynthetic eukaryote hosts frequently took on photosynthetic eukaryotes as endosymbionts in order to create secondary plastids.
It is shown that primordial plastids had a single, or "monophyletic," genesis. The red, green, and glaucophyte plastids are thought to belong to a single group, either as a subgroup of oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes or as a sister group, according to the monophyletic hypothesis of plastid genesis.
Therefore,Endosymbiosis of the same species of cyanobacteria occurred multiple times in cells that evolved into red, green, and brown algae.
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A continuous sampler that collects or traps airborne particles onto a filter for analysis is what?
A continuous sampler that collects or traps airborne particles onto a filter for analysis is DFU.
The full form of DFU is dry filter unit and it is a biological agent detection technologies. The biological agent detector equipment are field kits and assays that are used to discriminate biological agent from harmless biological and non-biological material present in the environment or the sample. Biological agents include bacteria,viruses, fungi, other microorganism and their associated toxins.
The Joint Biological Point Detection System (JBPDS) was created to prevent big attacks, it identifies in advance any evidence of aerosolized biological warfare agents, and be able to start a medical treatment.
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There are an estimated 12,600 spiders in a region of 525 square meters. how many spiders are there per square meter?
There are 24 spiders per square meter.
The largest population that an ecosystem is able to support indefinitely with the resources that it possesses is referred to as the "maximum load" by population biologists. This number is referred to as the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is determined by a wide variety of biotic and abiotic factors.
The population density is calculated by the formulae :
Population density = Number of people / Total area occupied
Given in the question,
Number of people = 12,600
Total area = 525 sq. meter
Therefore, population density = 12600/525
= 24
Therefore, the number of spiders found per square meter is 24.
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Science is the only field/discipline necessary to solve environmental problems.
a. True
b. False
Science is the only field/discipline necessary to solve environmental problems. The statement is true.
What is Science?The three main branches of modern science are typically: the natural sciences (such as biology, chemistry, and physics), which study the physical world; the social sciences (such as economics, psychology, and sociology), which study people and societies; and the formal sciences (such as logic, mathematics, and theoretical computer science), which study formal systems, which are governed by axioms and rules.If the formal sciences are considered science disciplines, there is debate. Due to the fact that they do not reliant on empirical data. In fields like engineering and medicine, applied sciences are disciplines that apply scientific knowledge to real-world problems.To learn more about Science with the given link
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Which of these is a hazard of commercial fishing?
A. a drop in the water table
B. reduced demand for seafood
C. injury from machinery
D. increased biodiversity
The injury from machinery is a hazard of commercial fishing.
What does commercial fishing mean?Commercial fishing is the activity of catching fish and other seafood for profit, particularly among wild species. It supplies a large amount of food around the world, but those who practice it as an industry sometimes look for long conditions from the ocean's limits, in adversaries.
If any damage to machinery occurs, it will end commercial fishing, causing deaths and oil in the seas.
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The Fluid Mosaic Model accounts for the presence of protein in the cell membrane by proposing that
A. the phospholipid bilayer is between two layers of protein.
OB. the Fluid Mosaic Model cannot account for why proteins are found.
OC. proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
OD. the protein is inside the cell.
The mosaic fluid model explains that membranes are composed of a lipidic bilayer and proteins embedded in them. Option C.
What is the fluid Mosaic Model?
The model explains that two lipidic layers compose the cell membrane, with proteins and glucans embedded in between.
Lipids are arranged with their hydrophilic heads facing the exterior and the interior of the cells, while their hydrophobic tails are against each other, constituting the internal part of the membrane.
Two types of proteins compose the membrane,
• Integral proteins, permanently associated with the membrane.
• Periferic proteins, in the internal or external surface.
Proteins and lipids are distributed asymmetrically in the membrane. Proteins have a determined orientation, which is essential to accomplish their functions.
Membranes are fluid, meaning their molecules can move by
• Lateral diffusion in the same layer →This is passive diffusion.
• Transversally to the other layer → infrequent
• Rotational diffusion → rotation of the molecule.
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Psl 250 what happens when baroreceptors in your carotid arteries detect elevated blood pressure:________
Increase in arterial blood pressure will result in an increased rate of impulse firing.
When baroreceptors in your carotid arteries detect elevated blood pressure, it activates the baroreceptors resulting in increased firing of action potentials with the rapidity proportional to the degree of mechanical stretch.
Stretching of the baroreceptors as a result of increased blood pressure causes an increase in the activity of the vagal nerve by projection to the nucleus ambiguus. It also causes inhibition of the sympathetic outflow and ultimately leads to decreased heart rate and blood pressure.
Baroreceptor activity increases with a rise in arterial BP but declines over time if the acute hypertension is maintained.
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Which biomolecules are responsible for the brilliant coloring of anoxygenic phototrophs (e.g., some are bright orange, pink, or red)
carotenoids biomolecules are responsible for colouring anoxygenic autotrophs.
what are autotrophs ?
A primary producer, also referred as an autotroph, is an organism that uses energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions to create complex organic compounds from simple ones.
what do you mean by anoxygenic ?
anoxygenic means, when photosynthetic takes place without oxygen.
what are biomolecules ?
A chemical substance that is present in life forms is termed as biomolecule. The building blocks of life, biomolecules play critical role in all life forms.
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In a voltaic cell, a salt bridge is needed to allow the motion of choose. Between the terminals. In the salt bridge, choose. Move toward the anode and choose. Move toward the cathode.
In a voltaic cell, a salt bridge is needed to allow the motion of ions between the terminals. In the salt bridge, anions move toward the anode and cations move toward the cathode.
What is a voltaic cell?A voltaic cell is an electrochemical device that harnesses the power of a chemical process to generate electrical energy. A voltaic cell's key components are:
Anode, an electrode where oxidation takes place. Anions move toward the anode.Cathode, an electrode where reduction takes place. Cations move toward the cathode.A salt bridge is an electrolyte chamber required to finish the circuit in a voltaic cell.Half-cells are containers that serve as a barrier between the oxidation and reduction reactions.The external circuit, which typically has a load attached to it, is used to carry electron flow between the voltaic cell's electrodes.A load is a component of a circuit that uses an electron flow to carry out a certain task.Working of a voltaic cell:When an electrode is dipped into the electrolyte at the electrode and electrolyte contact surface in a voltaic cell, the electrode's atoms tend to produce positive ions in the electrolytic solution while leaving the electrode's electrons unaffected. The electrode thus acquires a negative charge.
Additionally, the electrolytic solution's positive ions have a propensity to deposit on the electrode, giving it a positive charge. The electrodes get positively or negatively charged in relation to the electrolyte as a result of the two opposite processes. As a result, there is a potential difference between the electrode and electrolyte. The term "electrode potential" refers to this potential difference.
Now, the electrode where reduction occurs is known as the cathode and turns positive in relation to the electrolytic solution, whereas the electrode where oxidation occurs is known as the anode and has a negative potential in relation to the electrolytic solution. This caused a potential difference to form between the voltaic cell's two electrodes. Cell Potential is the name given to this potential differential.
The voltaic cell's potential is sometimes referred to as its electromotive force (EMF) when no current is being drawn from it. Electrons begin to flow from the anode (negative electrode) to the cathode (positive electrode) when an external circuit is connected to the voltaic cell. As a result, in the external circuit, the normal current flows from the positive terminal to the negative terminal.
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A farm field that has used only inorganic fertilizer for the past 20 years is most likely to have A farm field that has used only inorganic fertilizer for the past 20 years is most likely to have:____.
a. more soil organisms, more soil structure, and increased nutrient holding capacity. b. more soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity. c. fewer soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity. d. fewer soil organisms and less soil structure but increased nutrient holding capacity.
Answer:
Fewer soil organisms, less soil structure, and decreased nutrient holding capacity.
3) Organic compounds A) always contain nitrogen. B) are synthesized only by animal cells. C) always contain carbon. D) always contain oxygen.
Always contain Carbon
The majority of organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, and occasionally other elements such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, or phosphorus.
What are Organic compounds ?Organic compound, any of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen.
The few carbon-containing compounds not classified as organic include carbides, carbonates, and cyanides.Carbon is the key element because it has four electrons in an outer electron shell that can hold eight electronsLearn more about Organic compounds here:
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Biosecurity includes actions and planning to prevent unauthorized?
Biosecurity includes actions and planning to prevent unauthorized entry into laboratories, removal or misuse of microbiological agents or hazardous agents
What is Biosecurity?Biosecurity refers to the protection and accountability of highly sensitive and mostly lethal biological agents and toxins in order to prevent them from exposure to the general public.
Biological toxins must be properly labelled and sealed so as to avoid inadvertent exposure. These toxins pose immense and immediate health risks to individuals exposed to them.
Action and planning is therefore required to ensure these biological agents are properly secured and to prevent unauthorized access, removal or exposure to biological hazardous agents.
Maximum security laboratories are often used to test and experiment with these biohazards.
In conclusion, biosecurity ensures that individuals without authorized access do not come in contact wuty biohazards.
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Identify the epoch or epochs in which scientists believe the first primates may have evolved. There may be more than one correct answer.
During 66 mya in the Paleocene scientists believe the first primates may have evolved.
Evolution of PrimatesMost likely, a small, nocturnal, insectivorous animal that gave rise to the first primates. The closest extant cousins of primates are tree shrews and colugos, also referred to as flying lemurs. The tree shrew is cited as a living example of what the ancestors of primates, or the earliest primates, would have looked like.The most ancient ape discovered by reliable fossil evidence is Dryomomys. Only isolated teeth and jaw fragments from Purgatorius, the earliest known primate, which dates back 65 million years, are known.In the primate suborder Strepsirhini, the Eocene primates split into two groups at an early stage: the omomyids and the adapids, collectively known as the prosimians.To learn more about the Evolution of Primates refer to:
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Which muscles are assessed for flexibility with the sling test?
Sit and reach and other similar tests that require a person to flex the hip to touch the toes are the most common field tests of flexibility. Such tests are designed to assess low-back and upper hamstring.
Your muscle or myofascial slings consist of different types of soft tissue including muscles, fascia and ligaments that are interconnected to one another to provide stability and mobility. This sling subsystem is a set of muscles that runs from your feet to your hips to your core to your arms. Your body has several slings, and learning the exercises that train them can help you build real-world strength and athleticism. The posterior oblique sling consists of the latissimus dorsi muscle, the opposite side gluteus maximus muscle, and the interconnecting thoracolumbar fascia.
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All cells in __________ epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
All cells in the ciliated columnar epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
What is an epithelium?An epithelium is a specialized layer of cells that play different roles in the organism (e.g., transport of substances, digestion, etc).
Epithelia are one of the four types of tissues that form the body, which also include connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.
The ciliated columnar epithelium is a special class of epithelium that contain cilia that are used to move substances across their cellular surfaces.
In conclusion, all cells in the ciliated columnar epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
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If a biologist is measuring diversity by calculating the proportion of individuals of each species, he or she is actually calculating the ______ of species in the community.
If a biologist is measuring diversity by calculating the proportion of individuals of each species, he or she is actually calculating the species evenness of species in the community.
What is species evenness?When there is an environmental gradient in the study region, systematic sampling is performed.To take systematic samples along the environmental gradient, a transect is utilized.A population is a collection of creatures belonging to the same species that coexist in a certain location. Within a given area, more than one population may exist. It's possible for populations of Saguaro cacti, Cactus Wrens, and Bark Scorpions to coexist in the same places.A population is a collection of people belonging to the same species who are present in the same location at the same time. All of the people in all of the interacting populations in a given area make up a community.Learn more about population here:
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Which solution is used as a preservative for a blood sample? A. a solution of 0.1 mg sodium citrate plus 0.1 mg mercuric chloride B. a solution of 0.5 mg sodium citrate plus 0.1 mg mercuric chloride C. a solution of 0.5 mg sodium citrate plus 0.5 mg mercuric chloride D. a solution of 0.8 mg sodium citrate plus 0.5 mg mercuric chloride
The solution that is used as a preservative for a blood sample is a solution of 0.1 mg sodium citrate plus 0.1 mg mercuric chloride. Option A
How is blood preserved?Many times, it is important to transport a blood sample from one point to another. In such cases, it becomes important to add a preservative to the blood sample so that it does not coagulate.
The solution that is used as a preservative for a blood sample is a solution of 0.1 mg sodium citrate plus 0.1 mg mercuric chloride. Option A
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Answer:
Its B
Explanation:
B. a solution of 0.5 mg sodium citrate plus 0.1 mg mercuric chloride
I did the test.
Differentiate between osmosis and active transport (4 marks)
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules down a concentration gradient through a semi-permeable membrane. Active transport is the movement of a substance against a concentration gradient.
What is Osmosis?Osmosis is the automatic net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a part of high water possibility (region of lower solute concentration) to parts of low water potential (region of higher solute concentration), in the order that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
It may also describe a physical process in which any solvent moves across a selectively absorptive membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) by dividing two explanations of different concentrations. Osmosis can be created to do work. Osmotic pressure is described as the external pressure required to be involved so that there is no net motion of solvent across the membrane. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property, suggesting that the osmotic pressure depends on the molar concentration of the solute though not on its individuality.
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The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as
The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as homoplasies.
What about homoplasies?It is more frequently a modified version of an inherited characteristic. For instance, the scales that were already present in its reptilian parent led to the evolution of feathers in birds. Similar to reptiles, mammals developed fur from their predecessors' scales. The same set of data can typically yield more than one potential cladogram.Different species of legged lizards developed into snakes and lizards with limbless bodies.Natural selection does not affect a sizable number of mutations.They came to the conclusion that reptiles, birds, and mammals all descended from the same ancient reptilian progenitor.
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Which of the following could be a nucleotide of DNA?
A.) deoxyribose + phosphate group + thymine B.) deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
C.) ribose + phosphate group + thymine
D.) ribose + phosphate group + uracil.
Many people have said A and many have said D, so im very confused.
Answer:
A.) should be the answer.
Action potentials travel swiftly down: Group of answer choices dendrites with myelin and more slowly in dendrites without myelin. dendrites without myelin and more slowly in dendrites with myelin. axons with myelin and more slowly in axons without myelin. axons without myelin and more slowly in axons with myelin.
Action potentials travel swiftly down: axons with myelin and more slowly in axons without myelin.
The conduction velocity of the action potential is faster in myelinated axons, the nerve impulse generated by an action potential can propagate faster than it loses its strength due to the insulation that protects against signal loss. Similar to the insulation around wires in electrical systems, glial cells form a membrane sheath surrounding axons called myelin, insulating the axon. This myelination, as it is called, can greatly increase the speed of signals transmitted between neurons. The action potential travels down the axon as a result of sodium influx depolarizing near-threshold segments of the axon. A voltage change that reaches a threshold value causes voltage-gated sodium channels in the axonal membrane to open.
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PLSS PLSS PLSSS HELP
You are an anthropologist analyzing bone remains from the grave of an ancient female human. Within one of the bones, you find an unusually high concentration of collagen. What does this suggest about the ancient female? (2 points)
She broke a bone and then died before it was fully healed.
She broke a bone and then died a few hours later.
She broke a bone at a very young age, but it fully healed.
She broke a bone at a very young age, but it did not fully heal.
The presence of the large amount of collagen shows that she died before the broken bone could heal. Option A
What is the function of collagen?Collagen is a protein that is secreted by the body to aid in the strengthening of the bones. As a result of this, it production wanes as the bones weaken with age.
Thus, having said that the concentration of collagen around the broken bone of the woman was high, it the follows that she broke a bone and then died before it was fully healed. Option A
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For the next two problems, assume that you have type A blood and are heterozygous for this characteristic (AO). List all potential genotypes and phenotypes in the population, even if the % is zero
All potential genotypes and phenotypes in the population are ;
AA, AB, BB, AO, BO, OO.The phenotypes are type A,
type B, type AB, type O.This is further explained below.
What are phenotypes?Generally, the collection of observable traits that make up a person and are the product of their genetics and environment interacting.
In conclusion, The genetic make-up of an organism is what is meant when the word "genotype" is used in a general sense.
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The term ____________________ means the lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
The term Ataxia means the lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
Poor muscle control that results in awkward voluntary movements is known as ataxia. It might make it difficult to move your eyes, speak, or walk steadily. It might also make it hard to coordinate your hands. Ataxia is typically caused by injury to the cerebellum, which regulates muscular coordination, or its connections.Ataxia is typically brought on by damage to the cerebellum, a region of the brain, although it can also be brought on by injury to the spinal cord or other nerves. The spinal cord, which extends the length of the spine and connects the brain to every other part of the body, is a lengthy bundle of nerves.learn more about Ataxia here: https://brainly.com/question/16031045
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6. What type of energy do missiles have? b. Nuclear a. Chemical d. Thermal
Answer:
Explanation:
nuclear energy
Answer:nuclear
Explanation:
It is often desirable to express eukaryotic genes in bacteria, which can make a protein of interest quickly and cheaply. What is TRUE about this kind of genetic transformation
The expressed gene must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome, but its promoter region should be replaced with a bacterial promoter.
What about bacterial chromosome?The term "nucleoid" refers to a bacterial chromosome. It has genetic material inside and is a strange shape. It may also be known as a genophore.Both transcriptional activators and repressors control gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and prevent transcription, just like their prokaryotic counterparts.Since transcription and translation are physically distinct processes, eukaryotic gene expression is more complex than prokaryotic gene expression. Eukaryotic cells, as opposed to prokaryotic cells, have a wide range of levels at which they can control gene expression.While transcription and translation can both happen at the same time in bacteria, in eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation happens in the cytoplasm.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: It is often desirable to express eukaryotic genes in bacteria, which can make a protein of interest quickly and cheaply. What is TRUE about this kind of genetic transformation?
a. The expressed gene and the genes for all of its regulatory elements must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
b. Only polycistronic genes are capable of being expressed in a bacteria.
c. The expressed gene and the gene for RNA Polymerase II must both be incorporated into the bacterial genome.
d. Only the transcribed region of the gene should be incorporated into the bacterial genome. No promoter is necessary to transcribe a transformed gene.
e. The expressed gene must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome, but its promoter region should be replaced with a bacterial promoter.
Anthrax is characterized by all of the following except: a. cutaneous is the most common form b. respiratory anthrax has the least mortality rate c. causative is Bacillus anthracis d. diagnosed by cultured blood or smears from cutaneous lesions
b. respiratory anthrax has the least mortality rate .
What is anthrax infection?Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis. Animals both domestic and wild are frequently impacted worldwide by this natural occurrence in soil. If people come into contact with diseased animals or contaminated animal products, they could become ill with anthrax.
The most harmful effects of anthrax include damage to numerous organ systems as a result of your body's inability to respond to infection correctly (sepsis) inflammation of the fluid and membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, which can cause fatal hemorrhagic meningitis and severe bleeding. Some anthrax infections occur when people breathe in the spores of the bacteria.
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When the atmosphere in the jar is free of oxygen, what color will the indicator strip be?
White color will be shown on the indicator strip. In the absence of oxygen, it turns from blue to colorless.
In the absence of oxygen, it produces anaerobic conditions in the jar as time passes. After approximately one hour, it starts producing anaerobic conditions in the jar.
And moisture starts developing in the jar and also indicator strip starts to change its color. The color of the indicator strip is from blue to colorless means white color.
When the color turns colorless then it is proof that the jar was able to strongly reach an anaerobic state.
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Provide one argument for the case that you are exploiting your organelles.
If organelles are being exploited, a cell won't be able to survive.
At various phases of their invasion and replication, viruses take over various cell organelles, including the endosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi complex, mitochondria, and nucleus, starting from the cell membrane with a wide assortment of receptors.
Researchers have figured out how cells locate and eliminate a mitochondrial organelle that, if destroyed, can cause genetic issues, cancer, neurological illnesses, inflammatory diseases, and aging. Diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and even normal aging have all been related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Lysosomes (vacuoles in yeast and plants) and autophagosomes subsequently combine to destroy the contents of the autophagosomes. The removal of excess or damaged organelles, clumped proteins, or pathogens from the cell through this breakdown process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
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