A glycosidic link between glucose and galactose results in the disaccharide known as lactose.
What does lactose's glycosidic bond entail?One molecule of D-galactose and one molecule of D-glucose linked by a 1,4-glycosidic bond make up the reducing sugar lactose (the bond from the anomeric carbon of the first monosaccharide unit being directed upward).
What exactly are the O and N glycosidic bonds?When the anomeric carbon of the sugar makes a contact with the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group of the alcohol, an O-glycosidic bond is created. The bond is known as an N-glycosidic bond if, on the other hand, the anomeric carbon of the sugar links with the nitrogen atom of an amine.
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How does saturation affect membrane fluidity?
Saturation affects membrane fluidity through the absence of double bonds.
Membrаne fluidity is аffected by fаtty аcids. More specificаlly, whether the fаtty аcids аre sаturаted or unsаturаted hаs аn effect on membrаne fluidity. Sаturаted fаtty аcids hаve no double bonds in the hydrocаrbon chаin, аnd the mаximum аmount of hydrogen. The аbsence of double bonds decreаses fluidity, mаking the membrаne very strong аnd stаcked tightly. Unsаturаted fаtty аcids hаve аt leаst one double bond, creаting а "kink" in the chаin. The double bond increаses fluidity. Membrаne fluidity is аlso аffected by cholesterol. Cholesterol cаn mаke the cell membrаne fluid аs well аs rigid.
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What are characteristics of simple squamous epithelium?
A form of epithelial tissue known as simple squamous epithelium is made up of a single layer of thin, flattened cells.
These are a few of this tissue's characteristics:
Simple squamous epithelium cells are thin and flat with a flattened, atypically formed nucleus.
A single layer of closely packed cells with very little extracellular matrix makes up the cell arrangement.
Function: The lining of blood arteries, lung alveoli, and the Bowman's capsule of the kidney are just a few places where simple squamous epithelium is present. It is also involved in filtration, secretion, and diffusion.
Simple squamous epithelium cells have a smooth, flat apical (top) surface, which decreases friction and makes it possible for molecules to pass easily through the tissue.
Basal surface specialisation: The simple squamous epithelium's basal (lower) surface typically comes into touch with a basement membrane, which aids in securing the cells to the connective tissue beneath.
Simple squamous epithelium offers only minimal protection since the cells are so sensitive and readily killed or damaged by mechanical or chemical stress. However, due to the tissue's thinness, chemicals and gases can move over it effectively.
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Organs are made up of several different types of ____ that function together.A. tissues
B. dendrites
C. regeneration
D. synovial
The correct option is A. Organs are made up of several different types of tissues that function together.
In biology, a tissue refers to a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function in an organism. Tissues can be found in animals, plants, and even some unicellular organisms.
There are four main types of animal tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue covers and protects the surfaces of the body, while connective tissue provides support and connects different structures. Muscle tissue contracts and generates movement, and nervous tissue transmits signals throughout the body.
In plants, there are three main types of tissues: dermal, ground, and vascular tissue. Dermal tissue covers and protects the plant, while ground tissue makes up the bulk of the plant and performs various functions such as photosynthesis. Vascular tissue is responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant.
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How do scientists conduct investigations when experimentation is not an option???
please help me
Answer:
Scientists can conduct investigations without experimentation by using observational methods. This includes collecting data through surveys, interviews, and observations of natural phenomena. They can also use existing data from previous studies, such as published research papers, to draw conclusions. Additionally, scientists can use computer simulations and mathematical models to study phenomena that cannot be directly observed.
DNA structure quick lab
Answer:
double helix
Explanation:
what plant is most important to you? and then give several reasons why you think that is true.
Answer:
The plant that is most important to me is the bamboo tree. Bamboo is a versatile, environmentally friendly, and sustainable resource that can be used for a variety of purposes. It is very fast-growing and requires very little maintenance, making it an ideal choice for those who want to contribute to sustainability. Additionally, bamboo is incredibly strong and durable while being lightweight, so it can be used to build furniture or as a material for construction projects. Finally, bamboo can also be used to create textile materials which makes it an invaluable resource for people in need of clothing. Therefore, due to its versatility, durability, and sustainability, the bamboo tree is an incredibly important plant in my mind.
Answer:
Green leaves
Explanation:
it helps in taking co to so we can breathe good oxygen
the lh surge is caused by ________.
Once the ovum reaches a specific size range, pituitary gland releases luteinizing hormone (LH). So LH surge is caused due to ovulation.
Luteinizing hormone is released by the pituitary gland when the ovum almost reach maturity. LH then helps in maturation of egg and its release. Release of the egg from the follicle is called Ovulation. LH surge means the high amount of LH in both blood stream and urine, and this happens around ovulation.
After ovulation the menstrual cycle reaches luteal phase, where the body prepares for fertilization. The uterine line is thickened. If the egg is not fertilized mensuration follows the luteal phase.
The LH level falls post the ovulation. So LH surge is caused by ovulation.
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With respect to membrane proteins, how does a pump differ from a channel or a carrier?
A. Pumps require energy for transport, but channels and carriers do not use energy.
B. Pumps are proteins, but channels and carriers are formed by a special arrangement of phospholipids and cholesterol.
C. Pumps are integral membrane proteins, while channels and carriers are peripheral membrane proteins.
D. Pumps cannot create a concentration gradient, but channels and carriers can.
The correct option is A; Pumps require energy for transport, but channels and carriers do not use energy.
A pump varies from a channel or a carrier in terms of membrane proteins because A. Pumps require energy to transport, whereas channels and carriers do not. Pumps are thus classified as active transporters.
Channel proteins are proteins that form hydrophilic pores in cell membranes, allowing molecules to move down the concentration gradient. Carrier proteins are membrane proteins that transport substances both down and up the concentration gradient.
Channel proteins, on the other hand (see the following section), produce open pores through the membrane, allowing unimpeded diffusion of any molecule of the proper size and charge. Carrier proteins enable the diffusion of sugars, amino acids, and nucleosides across the plasma membranes of the majority of cells.
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stored energy that can be used to do work is called energy, while energy of motion that is being used to do work is called energy.
Stored energy that can be used to do work is called potential energy, while energy of motion that is being used to do work is called kinetic energy.
Potential energy is a form of energy that can be used to perform work, whereas kinetic energy is energy in motion that is now performing work.
Potential energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its position or condition, while kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion. Both forms of energy are fundamental concepts in physics and are important for understanding a wide range of phenomena, from the behavior of individual particles to the motion of planets in our solar system
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When you use a field guide to identify a species by its appearance, you are applying the A) Evolutionary species concept B) Morphospecies concept C) Ecological species concept D) Biological species concept
You use the natural species notion when you use a reference book to identify a species based on its outward characteristics.
Which species idea would be most useful for species detection in the wild?Because it stresses physical aspects of the body and structural traits, the species idea would be most helpful for identifying species in the wild. It is also the most popular technique of doing so. absence of sympatric speciation and geographic isolation
What advantages does identifying species offer?Understanding species and how to spot them is crucial for both biologists and the general population. The loss of biological diversity brought on by the extinction of species makes understanding species the only way to have an impact on the social, economic, and political landscape.
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Describe how DNA provides instructions for traits (what are the steps involved in gene expression)?
The process begins with transcription of DNA into an mRNA molecule. Then, the mRNA molecule is translated into a protein. Finally, the protein is folded and modified.
DNA provides instructions for traits through the process of gene expression. Gene expression involves several steps:
1. Transcription: During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). This process is carried out by the enzyme RNA polymerase, which binds to a specific region of the DNA called the promoter and begins to unwind the DNA double helix. The RNA polymerase then adds RNA nucleotides one by one, using the DNA strand as a template, until it reaches a stop signal on the DNA.
2. RNA Processing: After transcription, the mRNA molecule undergoes several modifications, including the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail, and the removal of introns (non-coding regions) through a process called splicing. This results in a mature mRNA molecule that is ready for translation.
3. Translation: During translation, the mRNA molecule is read by a ribosome, which uses the genetic code to translate the mRNA sequence into a sequence of amino acids. Each codon (a sequence of three nucleotides) on the mRNA corresponds to a specific amino acid, and the ribosome adds these amino acids one by one to the growing protein chain until it reaches a stop codon.
4. Protein Folding and Modification: After translation, the newly synthesized protein undergoes folding and modification to achieve its final functional form. This may include the addition of chemical groups, such as phosphate or sugar, or the formation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues.
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Question:
According to the fluid mosaic model of membranes, membranes consist of___
1. a fluid phospholipid bilayer in which carbohydrates are embedded.
2. mainly phospholipids with scattered nucleic acids.
3. a fluid phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are embedded.
4. a lipid-protein sandwich.
Membranes:
Membranes are structures that generally act to keep things separate. They can be found on a cellular level, like the membranes described by the fluid mosaic model, but also on a larger scale like in the human body. The permeability of these membranes may differ depending on their function (e.g. protection, lubrication, etc).
The fluid phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are embedded is what makes up a membrane, according to the fluid mosaic theory of membranes.
The fluid mosaic model has how many layers?The plasma membrane of animal cells is modeled using a fluid mosaic. These cells' plasma membrane is composed of two layers (a bilayer) of phospholipids, which are fats with phosphorus attached and, at body temperature, resemble vegetable oil (fluid).
What two elements make up the fluid mosaic model?A phospholipid's head and its two tails are its two most significant components. Molecular phosphate makes up the head and is drawn to water (hydrophilic). Fatty acids, which are chains of carbon atoms, make up the two tails and are incompatible with or resist water (hydrophobic).
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the volume of blood that leaves the ____________ must be close to the volume that returns.
The volume of blood that leaves the Capillary must be close to the volume that returns.
Capillaries are thin walled, highly branched vessels that feed the tissues and collect wastes to be carried back to the lungs, liver, or kidney for elimination. Capillaries empty into the venules, which in turn drain into the veins that lead back to the heart.
More specifically, capillaries are located between arteries and veins. Arteries function to transport blood away from the heart and towards the various cells and tissues of the body. As the arteries get farther away from the body, they get smaller and more narrow, eventually turning into arterioles.
Capillaries empty into the venules, which in turn drain into the veins that lead back to the heart. Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up more oxygen, and then back to the heart once again.They transport blood, nutrients and oxygen to cells in your organs and body systems. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in your vascular system.
The capillaries are about 8 to 10 microns in diameter, just large enough for red blood cells to pass through them in single file.
There are three types of capillary:
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Which of the following mutations results in the repeating of a section of DNA?
O Inversion
O Deletion
O Duplication
O Translocation
The mutation that results in the repeating of a section of DNA is a Duplication.
What is mutation?
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a cell's genetic material. Mutations can be caused by errors during DNA replication, exposure to environmental factors such as radiation or chemicals, or by mutations in specific genes that regulate DNA replication or repair.
Mutations can range in size from a single base pair to a large segment of a chromosome, and can have a variety of effects on an organism, ranging from having no effect to causing a genetic disorder. Some mutations can also be beneficial, providing an organism with new traits or abilities that can increase its chances of survival in a changing environment.
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What was missing in early earth that can explain why organic molecules were able to accumulate?
There weren't any living things to break them down.Little oxygen gas gas was available to oxidize them.
Which chemical substances were supposed to have developed in the early Earth?In other words, more complex organic compounds like amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, & nitrogen bases the building blocks of modern life were created as a result of the dynamic interactions of molecules that were already present in the earliest earth's atmosphere.
Why on the early Earth were organic compounds stable?These chemicals would have remained stable since there were no bacteria on the original earth to breakdown them and no free oxygen inside the primitive upper orbit to interact with them.
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A newly discovered planet orbits a distant star with the same mass as the sun at an average distance of 122 million kilometers. Its orbital eccentricity is 0. 6.
An eccentricity of 0.6 for a planet's orbit indicates that the shape of the orbit is not a perfect circle, but rather an ellipse.
The eccentricity measures the amount of deviation from a circular orbit, with an eccentricity of 0 indicating a perfectly circular orbit, and an eccentricity of 1 indicating a highly elliptical orbit.
The average distance of 122 million kilometers from the star for the planet in question puts it in what is known as the habitable zone, which is the region around a star where temperatures are favorable for liquid water to exist. This is a key factor in the potential for life to exist on the planet, as water is essential for life as we know it.
The fact that the planet orbits a star with the same mass as the sun is also significant, as it suggests that the planet experiences similar levels of gravitational force as Earth does from the sun. This stability in the planet's orbit can provide a more favorable environment for life to exist and evolve.
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sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. if each parent carries one sickle cell allele, what are the chances that their child will have sickle cell anemia?
sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. if each parent carries one sickle cell allele, 25% are the chances that their child will have sickle cell anemia
If both parents carry one sickle cell allele, they are both carriers of the sickle cell trait.
If they have a child, each parent will randomly pass on one of their two alleles to their offspring.
The probability that their child will inherit one sickle cell allele from one parent and a normal allele from the other parent is 50%, and the probability that their child will inherit a sickle cell allele from each parent is 25%.
Therefore, the chance that their child will have sickle cell anemia is 25%.
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which type of lipid is most commonly found in both food and in the body?
a- triglyceride
b- complex
c- phospholipids
d- sterold
The lipid that is most commonly found in both food and in the body is a- triglyceride.
The principal lipids in meals and saved withinside the frame as fats are the triglycerides, which encompass 3 fatty acids connected to a spine of glycerol (an alcohol). Cholesterol, the maximum ample steroid lipid withinside the frame, is needed in each mobileular withinside the frame. The frame receives most effective a small quantity of its ldl cholesterol via meals, the frame generating maximum of it. It performs a position in mobileular restore and the formation of latest cells. Triglycerides are the primary kind of nutritional fats and the maximum not unusualplace kind of lipid withinside the frame. Like LDL cholesterol, triglycerides may be made withinside the liver and acquired from the diet.
Thus, the correct option is a.
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which feature for obtaining water and minerals comes after the nonvascular plants in a phylogeny of the land plant?A. leaflike structuresB use of capillary actionC. extensive root systemD. small sizeE. growth in low, dense mats
Feature for obtaining water and minerals comes after nonvascular plants in phylogeny of the land plant is : C. extensive root system.
What are nonvascular plants ?Nonvascular plants like mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, lack true roots and rely on the direct absorption of water and nutrients through the entire body surface.
Whereas, vascular plants have specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients, and roots play a critical role in accessing water and minerals from the soil. As plants evolved, development of extensive root system allowed for more efficient absorption and transport of water and minerals, which helped them to grow larger and more complex.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true about stage 3 of the birthing process.
A. The placenta and umbilical cord are delivered.
B. It lasts approximately 5 to 10 minutes.
C. Intense contractions occur.
D. The placenta remains intact.
Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
OA
B
C
OD
The statements that is not true about stage 3 of the birthing process is that there C. Intense contractions occur.
What is the birthing process?It involves four stages of labor: the cervix shrinking and opening during the first stage, the baby's descent and birth during the second, the placenta being delivered during the third, and the mother and child recovering during the fourth stage, known as the postpartum.
let's quickly review the three stages of labor. True labor contractions begin the first stage, which concludes when the cervix is fully effaced and dilated. The baby is born at the conclusion of the second stage, which is the pushing period. The placenta is delivered to complete the third stage.
Therefore, option C is correct.
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Where is dense irregular connective tissue located predominantly?
a. papillary layer of the dermis
b. hypodermis
c. epidermis
d. reticular layer of the dermis
It is the dermis, the layer of the skin that lies beneath the epidermis tissue. It has fibroblasts and collagen fibres.
The reticular layer, also known as the deep layer of the dermis, comprises the majority of such a type of connective tissue. Additionally, it can be found in the sclera and deeper skin layers. It is referred to as dense irregular if the collagen fibre bundle in the connective is oriented irregularly. Heart valves, joint capsules, the pericardium, endosteum, periosteum, and deep layers of the skin's dermis all contain or are formed of dense irregular connective tissue. Tough, substantial, fibrous proteins called collagen fibres are present in dense tissues. There are many different varieties, but type I collagen predominates in dense connective tissue.
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Please Help me. I need the answer asap
Answer:
first one
Explanation:
meiosis-- is the division of sex cells
mitosis-- is the division of body cells
skin is exposed to friction and has a protective function. what type of epithelial tissue is best suited to form the outer layer of the skin?
Stratified squamous epithelium is best suited to form the outer layer of the skin due to its protective nature and ability to withstand friction.
What are the characteristics of stratified squamous epithelium that make it suitable for the outer layer of the skin?Stratified squamous epithelium is composed of multiple layers of flattened cells that provide protection to underlying tissues. This type of epithelium is ideal for forming the outer layer of the skin as it is able to withstand friction and abrasion.
What is function of the outer layer of the skin?The outer layer of the skin, also known as the epidermis, provides a protective barrier that shields the body from physical, chemical, and biological damage. The epidermis is primarily composed of stratified squamous epithelium and is responsible for preventing dehydration, regulating body temperature, and preventing the entry of harmful substances.
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This is commonly known as Growth Plates
Multiple choice:
spongy bone
yellow marrow
Epiphyseal Line
Articular Cartilege
Option 3 is Correct. The term "growth plates" refers to the epiphyseal line. Children who are growing have cartilage discs called growth plates, often known as physes or epiphyseal plates.
Long bones like those in the arms and legs, which are placed between the middle and the tip, contain them. In most cases, the ends of long bones have one growth plate apiece. Children and adolescents' growth plates are the sites of new bone growth.
Cartilage, a flexible, rubbery material, makes up their body (the nose, for instance, is made of cartilage). The majority of growth plates are found near the ends of long bones. Each end of a long bone has a larger part called an epiphysis that is packed with crimson marrow and spongy bone.
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Correct Question:
This is commonly known as Growth Plates
Multiple choice:
1. spongy bone
2. yellow marrow
3. Epiphyseal Line
4. Articular Cartilege
evidence of an organism that is more than ______ years old is called a fossil.
The evidence of an organism that is more than approximately 10,000 years old is called a fossil.
What is fossil?A fossil is the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the distant past. Fossils can be the physical remains of an organism, such as bones, shells, teeth, or plant material, or they can be traces left behind by an organism, such as imprints or tracks. Fossils can provide important information about the history of life on Earth, including the evolution of different species, the environments in which they lived, and the geological history of the planet. Fossils are formed when an organism is buried by sediment and is preserved through a process called fossilization. In some cases, the organism is replaced by minerals, leaving behind a rock-like replica of its shape, known as a petrified fossil. In other cases, the organism's remains are compressed, leaving behind a thin carbon film known as a carbonaceous fossil. Fossils can be found in sedimentary rocks, such as sandstone or shale, or in other types of rocks, such as volcanic ash or limestone.
Here,
This includes the preserved remains or traces of organisms such as bones, shells, imprints, or tracks that have been buried and preserved in sediment or rock.
Fossils provide important clues about the history of life on Earth, including the evolution of different species, the environments in which they lived, and the geological history of the planet.
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Which of the following are factors that limit enzyme activity?
The factors that limit enzyme activity are change in temperature, pH, substrate concentration and binding of specific chemical to enzyme. Therefore, the correct option is A.
What is enzyme?It is a protein that acts on substances referred to as substrates to catalyze the biological processes of metabolism.
The enzyme must initially bind to the substrate in order to begin its catalytic activity, which is constrained by a variety of variables such substrate concentration and temperature, pH, substrate concentration and binding affinity.
Therefore, we may draw the conclusion that the data indicates that temperature and increased substrate are variables that restrict enzyme activity.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
Which of the following factors can affect the enzymatic activity?
A. Change in temperature
B. Change in pH
C. Change in substrate concentration
D. Binding of specific chemical to enzyme
A) A, B, C, D
B) A, B, D
C) A, B
D)B, C, D
DIRECTIONS: Complete these sentences in a way that shows what the vocabulary words mean.
Example: Many people have risky careers: construction workers, stunt people, and race car drivers face
danger every day.
1. Social pressure often results in temporary compliance without a change in:
2. Internalization is most likely to occur when:
3. When told that smoking is dangerous, smokers reduce cognitive dissonance by:
4. Prejudice is strengthened and maintained by:
5. Advertisers use persuasion to:
6. Brainwashing is the result of a combination of:
7. A crisis-intervention program helps people:
8. Forensic psychology is the study of:
9. Industrial/organizational psychology is the study of:
10. Sports psychology is the study of:
1. Social pressure often results in temporary compliance without a change in attitudes or beliefs.
2. Internalization is most likely to occur when the individual finds the message meaningful and relevant.
What is Social pressure?
Social pressure is the influence that individuals experience from their peers, family, friends, and society as a whole. This influence can influence a person's behavior, thoughts, beliefs, and values.
3. When told that smoking is dangerous, smokers reduce cognitive dissonance by denying the health risks.
4. Prejudice is strengthened and maintained by the transmission of stereotypes and cultural values.
5. Advertisers use persuasion to influence people to buy their products.
6. Brainwashing is the result of a combination of isolation, intense propaganda, and physical and psychological coercion.
7. A crisis-intervention program helps people in distress manage their emotions and regain control of their lives.
8. Forensic psychology is the study of psychological principles as they relate to the legal system.
9. Industrial/organizational psychology is the study of workplace behavior and its effects on employee performance and satisfaction.
10. Sports psychology is the study of how psychological factors affect athletic performance and the psychological well-being of athletes.
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_______ is a movement that increases the angle between two body parts such as moving a limb from a bent to a straight position
Extension is a movement that increases the angle between two body parts such as moving a limb from a bent to a straight position.
What is extension movement?Extension is a movement that increases the angle between two body parts, often requiring the movement of a limb or body portion away from the body's centre line. This movement can occur in a variety of joints, including the elbow, knee, and hip, as well as the spine. Extension is the inverse of flexion, which reduces the angle between two bodily components.
Extension is vital for many physical activities, including running, leaping, and throwing, and is a major component of many workouts and sports. Proper extension can aid to enhance flexibility, balance, and general physical fitness and is frequently addressed through stretching and strength training activities.
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The first plants were organisms we now refer to asA. liverwortsB. mossesC. pinesD. algaeE. cycads
The first plants were organisms we now refer to as : A. liverworts.
What were first plants?The first plants were most likely similar to modern-day liverworts and mosses. These plants are simple and non-vascular organisms that lack true leaves, stems, and roots.
They were also among the first land plants to evolve, and are believed to have appeared on Earth around 470 million years ago during Ordovician period. Algae, cycads, and pines evolved later in the history of the plant evolution.
Non-vascular plants that include mosses and liverworts, were the first-ever land plants and they do not have much of an internal support system, but have slightly simpler material for the same tasks.
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Which of the following describes the biological school of animal welfare?
A. Experiencing fear and distress
B. How healthy the animal is and how it grows and reproduces
C. Environmental conditions
D. Express natural behaviors
Answer: B. How healthy the animal is and how it grows and reproduces
Explanation: It focuses on the physical wellbeing of an animal, also includes its reproduction, growth rate, and more.