The relative acidity of orange juice compared to pure water is 1000times. The relationship between acid strength and pH is inverse.
A scale that historically denoted "potential of hydrogen" was used to describe how basic or acidic an aqueous solution was. The pH values of acidic solutions are typically lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions. The pH scale can be used to gauge how strong an acid is. Higher pH values result in weaker acids, while lower pH values result in stronger acids. Therefore, we may conclude that the relationship between acid strength and pH is inverse.
Given the pH of orange juice = 4
Then concentration of orange juice (M1) = 10^-4M
pH of pure water = 7
The concentration of [H+] in water (M2) = 10^-7M
The relative pH = 10^-4/10^-7 = 10^3
Hence its relative acidity compared to pure water is 1000 times.
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what chemical is 60% of your food made up of? what 3 elements make up this chemical?
Carbohydrates, is 60% of what your food made up of and it is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are known to be the group of organic compounds that are an important source of energy for the body. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and are classified as simple or complex depending on their chemical structure. Monosaccharides, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose, and are found in foods such as fruit, table sugar, and honey. Complex carbohydrates, also called polysaccharides, contain starches and fibers and are found in foods such as grains, legumes, and vegetables. Carbohydrates play an important role in providing energy for the body, maintaining proper brain and nervous system function, and supporting tissue growth and repair.
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What actions do you take immediately after a burn occurs?
Cool in cold or lukewarm water for 20 minutes.
This should be done as soon as possible after an injury. Never use ice, ice water, cream, or greasy substances like butter on the burn. Be careful to keep the airways open when treating burn victims. Associated smoke inhalation injuries are very common, especially when the patient is burned in an enclosed space such as a room or building. Even people who have been burned outdoors can inhale smoke. Stop the burning process as soon as possible. Remove all clothing and jewelry near the burned area.
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A 25.0 mL sample of a saturated Ca(OH)2 solution is titrated with 0.028 M HCl, and the equivalence point is reached after 38.1 mL of titrant are dispensed. Based on this data, what is the concentration (M) of the hydroxide ion
The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is 0.0428 M.
Ions are what?A molecule or atom that has a net electrical charge is called an ion.
The balanced equation for the reaction between HCl and Ca(OH)2 is:
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + 2H2O
The number of moles of HCl added at the equivalence point can be found by multiplying the volume of HCl added (in liters) by its concentration in moles/liter:
moles HCl = (38.1 mL HCl x 0.028 mol/L HCl) / 1000 mL/L = 0.00107 mol HCl
The concentration of hydroxide ions can be found by dividing the number of moles of hydroxide ions by the volume of the solution:
[OH-] = moles OH- / L of solution
We know that the number of moles of HCl added is equal to the number of moles of OH- present, so:
[OH-] = 0.00107 mol OH- / (25.0 mL / 1000 mL/L) = 0.0428 M
Therefore, the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is 0.0428 M.
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Draw the structure of maleic acid ((Z)-but-2-enedioic acid).
The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.
H3C-C=C-COOH
\ /
H2C=CH2
1. Draw a three carbon chain with a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms
H3C-C=C-COOH
2. Add two hydrogen atoms to the second carbon atom
H3C-C=CH2-COOH
3. Draw a double bond between the two hydrogen atoms
H2C=CH2-COOH
H2C=CH2
\ /
H3C-C=C-COOH
The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.
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How many mole is 1g?
One gram of a chemical is equivalent to one mole.
A physical characteristic called the molar mass is calculated by dividing the mass of a given substance by the substance's volume. The standard relative atomic mass of an element is multiplied by the molar mass constant, 1 × 10⁻³ kg/mol = 1 g/mol, to determine the molar mass of its atoms. A compound's molar mass is calculated by adding the standard atomic weights of the constituent atoms and multiplying the result by the molar mass constant.
One atom or molecule has the same mass in grams as one mole of a substance does in atomic mass units.
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At rest, a person inhales 2.31 x 1023 nitrogen molecules in an average breath of air. How many moles of nitrogen atoms are inhaled
0.384 moles of nitrogen atoms are inhales by the person in an average breath of air.
Avogadro constant is the number of molecules present in 1 mole of gas or a chemical compound. It is used to specify the atomic mass of a certain number of molecules in a substance or chemical compound or gas, in grams. Theses molecules may be atoms, neutron, proton, electron, etc. One mole of a substance contains 6.023 × 10²³ Molecules. In other words the atomic mass of a substance is the weight of 6.023 × 10²³ molecules.
So 2.31 × 10²³ atoms of nitrogen = (2.31 × 10²³)/(6.023 × 10²³)
= 0.384 moles
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Which term refers to a substance that changes color when there is a certain concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
Chemical Indicator refers to a substance that changes color when there is a certain concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
Chemical indicators are any substances that provide a clear indication—typically a change in color—of the presence or absence of a certain chemical species, like an acid or an alkali, in a solution. One such chemical is methyl yellow, which gives an alkaline solution a yellow color. When introduced to acidic or alkaline solutions, substances are considered indicators when their color changes. There are several indicators that are frequently used in laboratories, including litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange. Litmus paper: It turns red in acidic solutions and blue in basic ones. Methyl orange: This chemical exhibits a red color in an acidic solution and a yellow color in a basic solution.
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What do these two changes have in common?
an engine using gasoline to power a car
cellular respiration
Select all that apply.
Both are only physical changes
Both converse mass
Both are chemical changes
Both are caused by heating
Answer: Both are only physical changes
Both converse mass
Explanation: the first two ones r correct
Freddy mixes a solid chemical with a liquid chemical and generates a chemical reaction. What can be said about any mixture of chemicals he used
Many of these, including cheese, gelatin, and various inks, are commonplace. Like the other classes, mixtures of solids and liquids may be separated in many ways.
science has been actively involved in the pursuit of this goal since it is crucial for a variety of liquids. When two or more distinct substances physically join, a mixture is produced that can be dispersed back into its constituent parts. a bowl of various candies, a pile of various leaves, steel, and sugar syrup A gelatin is any two or more different types of particles together. These particles are physically bound together rather than reacting chemically with one another. Two or more reactants are changed into one or more separate products during a chemical reaction. Alternately, we might assume that a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms of the reactants to create new products.
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In a lifetime, the average American uses more than a half ton (500 kg) of copper in coins, plumbing, and wiring. Copper is obtained from sulfide ores, such as chalcocite [copper(I) sulfide] by a multistep process. After initial grinding, the ore is "roasted" (heated strongly with oxygen gas) to form powdered copper(I) oxide and gaseous sulfur dioxide. How many moles of oxygen are required to roast 10. 0 mol of copper(I) sulfide?
The required moles of oxygen is 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] (Oxygen) is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS (copper(I) sulfide).
Because the Sulphur absorbs the impurities as fumes and reacts with the remaining ore to produce Copper metal by auto-reduction, the ore is partially roasted.
[tex]Cu_2S.Fe_2S_3+O_2→Cu_2S+2FeS+SO_2[/tex]
[tex]Cu_2S+3O_2→Cu_2O+2SO_2[/tex]
Sulfide ore is heated by a heat source in the presence of air during the roasting process. The ore or ore concentrate is treated with very well-liked air during roasting. This method is frequently used when processing sulfide ores. The sulfide that is present during roasting is changed into oxide and emitted as sulfur dioxide, a gas.
Roasting's primary purposes are to eliminate volatile impurities and oxidize the ore by turning it into oxide.
A significant copper resource is COPPER-PYRITES, often known as chalcopyrite, which is a copper iron sulfide (CuFeS2).
To roast 10.0 mol of copper(I) sulfide (CuS), the balanced equation is CuS + O2 → CuO + SO2.
For every mole of CuS that reacts, one mole of O2 is consumed. Therefore, 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS.
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1- Give the chemical formula for trans-dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV). Use (en) as the symbol for ethylenediamine.
2- Give the systematic name of this coordination compound.
Na[Al(OH)4]
1.trans-[Pt(en)2Cl2]2+
2.coordination compound Na [Al (OH)] systematic name: sodium tetrahydroxidoaluminate (III)
For several industrial and technical applications, sodium aluminate serves as an efficient supply of aluminum hydroxide. A white crystalline solid with the chemical formula NaAlO2, NaAl(OH)4 (hydrated), [2] Na2OAl2O3, or Na2Al2O4, pure sodium aluminate (anhydrous) is a white substance. Both a solution and a solid form of sodium aluminate are sold commercially.Other comparable compounds, often referred to as sodium aluminate, include Na5AlO4 and Na7Al3O8, which contain complex polymeric anions and Na17Al5O16 and NaAl11O17, which was originally wrongly thought to be -alumina, a phase of aluminum oxide.Aluminum chloride, sodium chloride, and water are produced when hydrogen chloride and sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate interact. Diluted hydrogen chloride in a solution form.
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In a typical IR spectrum, what name describes the units shown on the x-axis? a. wavenumber b. relative abundance c. %transmittance d. ppm e. intensity
In a typical IR spectrum, wavenumber name describes the units shown on the x-axis.
According to common understanding, IR includes wavelengths between the notional red edge of the visible spectrum, which is at a frequency of 430 THz, and 1 millimeter (300 GHz) (although the longer IR wavelengths are often designated rather as terahertz radiation ).The spatial frequency of a wave is measured in cycles per unit distance (common wavenumber) or radians per unit distance, and is also known as the wavenumber or repetency[1] (angular wavenumber).It is comparable to temporal frequency, which is determined by the quantity of radians or wave cycles per unit of time (ordinary frequency) (angular frequency).
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Fill in the blank.
When using a graduated cylinder you must look at ________ of the liquid when taking readings.
When using a graduated cylinder you must look at Meniscus of the liquid when taking readings.
How to Read a Graduated Cylinder?The surface at the center of the meniscus, not the top of the ring of liquid clinging to the graduated cylinder's wall, must be read in order to read a graduated cylinder correctly. This "center" will be the meniscus's lowest point for the majority of liquids. The center of the meniscus will be the highest point of the liquid for a very small number of liquids, such as mercury. Your line of sight must be level with the meniscus's center of curvature in order to interpret it correctly.
Reading a graded cylinder is a matter of paying close attention to the details once the measurement interval has been established and the meniscus has been assessed. Read the numbered line below while keeping your eyes level with the meniscus's middle and looking straight down.
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Why does fluorine react with xenon but iodine does not?
Fluorine reacts with xenon but iodine doesn't because fluorine is highly electronegative, it can pull electrons from xenon which is a noble gas and rarely reactive. On the other hand, iodine has low electronegativity and is least reactivity, so doesn't react with xenon.
Fluorine and iodine belongs to the family of halogens with the general electronic configuration ns²np⁵ . So, they have the tendency to attract electrons in their valence shell. Xenon, on the other hand is a noble gas with a stable electronic configuration ns²np⁶.
In family of halogens, Fluorine has the highest electronegativity and iodine has the least due to increase in its size. So, more electronegative fluorine has the tendency to form compounds with xenon whereas both iodine and xenon being less reactive cannot form a bond together.
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A compound is found to contain 15.94 % boron and 84.06 % fluorine by mass. What is the empirical formula for this compound
The empirical formula of the compound is BF3.
The empirical formula of a compound is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms that represents the compound's composition. To determine the empirical formula of a compound, we need to determine the number of moles of each element present and then simplify the ratio of moles to the smallest whole-number ratio.
First, we can use the percentages of boron and fluorine to find the number of grams of each element present in 100 grams of the compound:
15.94 g boron / 100 g compound
84.06 g fluorine / 100 g compound
Next, we can convert the number of grams of each element to moles using the molar masses of boron and fluorine:
15.94 g B / (10.81 g/mol) = 1.48 mol B
84.06 g F / (18.99 g/mol) = 4.44 mol F
To find the empirical formula, we divide the number of moles of each element by the lowest number of moles:
1.48 mol B / 1.48 mol B = 1.00
4.44 mol F / 1.48 mol B = 3.00
So the empirical formula of the compound is BF3.
It's important to note that this is the empirical formula, and the actual formula of the compound could be a multiple of this depending on the chemical structure of the compound.
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What mass of HCI is needed to
generate 45.2 g of AICI3?
2AI + 6HCI → 2AICI3 + 3H2
AICI3: 133.33 g/mol
HCI: 36.46 g/mol
[?] g AlCl3
consider the following organic compounds ;propene butane ethanol and ethyne. which of these is an isomer of methyl propane.
What is the total reduction potential of a cell in which sodium (Na) is reduced and zinc (Zn) is oxidized
The total reduction potential of a cell in which sodium (Na) is reduced and zinc (Zn) is oxidized -1.95 V.
The tendency of a chemical species is to be reduced, expressed in volts under normal conditions, is known as the standard reduction potential.
The standard reduction potential belongs to the group of potentials known as standard electrodes or standard cells. The difference in voltage between the cathode and anode is known as the standard cell potential. The standard sodium reduction potential is -2.71V. Zinc has an average reduction potential of -0.76 V. Therefore, the overall reduction potential is 1.95 V.
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Draw a structural formula for the major organic product of the reaction shown below. CH3 - I + 2 CuLi - Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. - Do not show stereochemistry in other cases - You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. - Do not include organocopper or inorganic ion by-products in your answer. Draw a structural formula for the major organic product of the reaction shown below
CH3(CH2)eCH2Br + 2 CuLi - Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. - Do not show stereochemistry in other cases - You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. - Do not include organocopper or inorganic ion by-products in your answer.
The organocopper and inorganic ion by-products are not shown in this structural formula.
CH3CH=CH2Li
1. The reaction starts with CH3CH2CH2Br, which is a bromoalkane.
2. The bromine atom is replaced by a lithium atom with the help of two equivalents of copper.
3. The resulting product is CH3CH=CH2Li, which is an alkenyllithium compound.
CH3CH=CH2Li
The reaction starts with CH3CH2CH2Br, a bromoalkane. The bromine atom is replaced by a lithium atom with the help of two equivalents of copper. This is done via a nucleophilic substitution reaction, where the copper serves as a Lewis acid to facilitate the reaction. The resulting product is CH3CH=CH2Li, an alkenyllithium compound. This is the major organic product of the reaction and it has an E/Z stereochemistry. The organocopper and inorganic ion by-products are not shown in this structural formula.
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Three elements in the same period are listed in order of decreasing atomic radius. Which of the following is an appropriate explanation for the non-metal in the list having the smallest atomic radius
The appropriate explanation for the non-metal is that the higher effective nuclear charge less will be the atomic radius.
Atomic radius typically decreases during a period from left to right. There are a few little outliers, such how the oxygen radius is a tiny bit bigger than the nitrogen radius. Protons are gradually added to the nucleus at the same time that electrons are gradually added to the main energy level. The enhanced positive charge of the nucleus gradually attracts these electrons closer to it. The size of the atoms shrinks as the strength of attraction between nuclei and electrons grows. Due to electron-electron repulsions that would otherwise result in the atom's size expanding, the effect becomes less pronounced as one proceeds further to the right in a period.
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Please help!
Given the following reaction,
3H2SO4(aq)+Ca3(PO4)2(s)⟶3CaSO4(s)+2H3PO4(aq)
If 1.25x10^5 kg of H2S)4 react, how many kilograms of H3PO4 are produced?
Thank you!
Answer:
8.3 × 10⁴kg
Explanation:
Solution in the diagram
Diatomic elements are important. what makes them different from other elemental substances?
Diatomic elements are elements that exist as two atoms bound together, usually in the form of a molecule.
What is Diatomic?Diatomic molecules are molecules composed of two atoms, held together by chemical bonds. They are the simplest type of molecule, and are very common in nature. Examples of diatomic molecules include oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), chlorine (Cl2), and iodine (I2). Diatomic molecules have a wide range of applications in various industries, such as medicine, chemistry, engineering, and energy.
This differs from other elemental substances because those substances contain only one atom. Diatomic elements are very common in nature and make up a large percentage of the atmosphere. They also have unique properties because of the two atoms being bound together. Diatomic elements are an important part of many everyday processes, from respiration to combustion to corrosion.
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List all the possible types of bonding for oxygen
Two covalent bonds are formed by oxygen to complete their octet.
What are covalent bonds?An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. Bonding pairs or sharing pairs are the names given to these electron pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons.
What is an octet?In chemistry, an octet is an arrangement of eight electrons in the outer electron shell of a noble gas atom. The relative inertness of noble gases and the chemical behaviour of several other elements are attributed to this structure.
What is oxygen?The chemical element oxygen has an atomic number of 8. (it has eight protons in its nucleus). At normal temperatures and pressures, oxygen transforms into the chemical compound (O2) of two atoms, which is a colourless gas.
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Help would be GREATLY appreciated!!
54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.
What is molar mass ?The term molar mass is defined as the the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance of any sample of that compound. The molar mass is denoted by the symbol "M".
M = m / n
Molar Mass of O₂ is 32 g/mol
Molar Mass is Al₂O₃ is 102 g/mol
4 Al + 3 O₂ ⇒ 2 Al₂O₃
64.0 g O₂ 1 mole 2 moles Al₂O₃ 102 g
----------------- x -------------- x ------------------------ x -------------
32 g 3 moles O₂ 1 mole
= 136 g Al₂O₃
Thus,54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.
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Classification of Drugs - Trafficking Penalties
Case Scenarios:
Roody Zeeland was captured by Federal Marshals as he attempted to smuggle 39 kg of
cocaine into Dallas in a horse-drawn covered wagon. While attempting to escape, the
Suspect hit and killed an innocent bystander. It was his first offense.
11. If convicted, what penalty will the suspect be sentenced to?
Federal Marshals will receive trafficking penalty for attempting smuggling.
Trafficking is what kind of a crime?Human trafficking, also referred to as trafficking in persons, is a crime that entails forcing or coercing a person to perform work or services or engage in sexual acts for monetary gain. The exertion of pressure may be covert or obvious, physical or psychological.
A conviction for keeping someone in servitude carries potential fines and a maximum 20-year prison sentence in a federal facility. The maximum penalty is life in prison if there is a death as a result of the violation or if it involved kidnapping, sexual assault, or other aggravating circumstances.
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How do you measure distance?
We measure distance by using a ruler to measure the distance between the two places.
Distance is defined as the amount of the space between the two place or the things.
Short distances can be measured in centimeters (cm), and the long distances may be measured in kilometers (km). SI unit of the distance is meter (m). Distance is the length of the route between the two points. For example: Distance of a race; it is the length of the track between the starting line and the finishing line.
Maps can also be used to measure the distance. The name of the scale is map's bar scale.
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What is the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia
4-methyl-2-pentene s the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia.
The process includes hydrogenation of an alkyne to an alkene in liquid ammonia using sodium metal. This is a particular reaction that leads in the creation of trans alkene. Alkynes are hydrocarbons with triple carbon-carbon bonds. For molecules with a single triple bond, their typical formula is CnH2n-2 (and no rings).
A number of the same reactions occur in alkynes as in alkenes, but they can react twice due to the existence of two p-bonds inside the triple bond. When sodium dissolves into liquid ammonia (boiling point -33 °C), it turns a vivid blue. When there are alkynes present, they have reduced to a trans (i.e. E) alkene.
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For each of the following molecules, would you expect greater solubility in water or in hexane?
a. toluene
b. sucrose (table sugar)
c. isobutene
d. ethylene glycol
Answer:
a
Explanation:
boiling point of 111ºC and hexane, with a boiling point of 69ºC, is 42ºC, making these two substances most easily separated
What is the mole fraction of C2H6O2 in 12. 7 molal aqueous solution ?
The mole fraction of C₂H₆O₂ in 12. 7 molal aqueous solution is 12.7.
What is mole fraction?In chemistry, a mole fraction is the ratio of the moles of one component in a solution or other mixture to the sum of the moles of all the components.
The ratio of the moles of any component to the sum of the moles of all the other components in the mixture is known as the mole fraction. Each gas's partial pressure in a mixture of gases is calculated by multiplying its mole fraction by its total pressure.
The number of solute molecules divided by the sum of the solute molecules and the solvent molecules is known as the mole fraction. This is equal to how many moles of solute there are in a liter of solvent, expressed in molal. If the molal equivalent C₂H₆O₂ is 12.7 this means, all that is in the solution is solute. Hence the mole fraction of C₂H₆O₂ is 12.7.
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which type of reaction is represented by the generic equation AB+CD --->AD+CB?
combustion
decomposition
single replacement
double replacement
Answer:
4. Double replacement
Explanation:
The generic equation shows that two compounds are being swapped, which is an indication of a double substitution reaction.
Correct answer double replacement.
So the correct answer is D) Double replacement.