1. Human rights are basic rights that belong to all of us simply because we are human. They embody key values in our society such as fairness, dignity, equality and respect. ... Most importantly, these rights give us power and enable us to speak up and to challenge poor treatment from a public authority.
2. On the support of victims of human rights violation, the law should clearly state and express the repercussions of violating human rights. The citizen on the other hand should be well versed with human rights and should report any violator of human rights to the relevant authorities for immediate action to be taken. The community can mobilize and make aware the people of their rights and also allow any victim of human rights violations to face the law and seek justice.
3.Undoubtedly, every Government’s foremost duty is to protect human rights. The Government has all the power and infrastructure such as the constitution, the judiciary, the police, etc. to do this.
The Government in India is taking all the measures to protect human rights. Wherever, any violation has happened, the Government has taken action and the offenders were brought to justice.
Suppose the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) wants to examine the safety of compact cars, midsize cars, and full-size cars. It collects a sample of three for each of the treatments (cars types). Using the hypothetical data provided below, test whether the mean pressure applied to the driver’s head during a crash test is equal for each types of car. Use α = 5%. Table ANOVA.1 Compact cars Midsize cars Full-size cars 643 469 484 655 427 456 702 525 402 X 666.67 473.67 447.33 S 31.18 49.17 41.68
Answer:
Explanation:
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The mean pressure applied to the driver's head during a crash test is not equal for at least one pair of car types (compact, midsize, and full-size cars).
How did we arrive at this assertion?To test whether the mean pressure applied to the driver's head during a crash test is equal for each type of car (compact, midsize, and full-size), we can use a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA is used to compare the means of three or more groups.
First, let's define the null and alternative hypotheses:
Null hypothesis (H₀): The mean pressure applied to the driver's head is equal for compact, midsize, and full-size cars.
Alternative hypothesis (H₁): The mean pressure applied to the driver's head is not equal for at least one pair of car types.
We will use a significance level (α) of 5% (0.05).
Given the data:
Compact cars: 643, 655, 702
Midsize cars: 469, 427, 525
Full-size cars: 484, 456, 402
Let's calculate the necessary statistics for the ANOVA table:
Compact cars:
Sample mean (X): 666.67
Sample standard deviation (S): 31.18
Midsize cars:
Sample mean (X): 473.67
Sample standard deviation (S): 49.17
Full-size cars:
Sample mean (X): 447.33
Sample standard deviation (S): 41.68
Now, we can proceed with the ANOVA test and calculate the F-statistic and p-value.
The ANOVA table looks as follows:
Source of Variation | Sum of Squares (SS) | Degrees of Freedom (df) | Mean Square (MS) | F-statistic
----------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------- | --------------------
Between Groups | SS_between | k - 1 | MS_between = SS_between / (k - 1) | F = MS_between / MS_within
Within Groups | SS_within | N - k | MS_within = SS_within / (N - k) |
Total | SS_total | N - 1 |
Where:
- k is the number of groups (car types)
- N is the total number of observations
- SS represents the sum of squares
Let's calculate the ANOVA table using the provided data:
Total number of observations (N): 3 groups x 3 observations per group = 9
Number of groups (k): 3
Between Groups:
Mean of all observations (grand mean):
x-cap = (666.67 + 473.67 + 447.33) / 3 = 529.89
SS_between = (3 × ((666.67 - 529.89)² + (473.67 - 529.89)² + (447.33 - 529.89)²))
Within Groups:
SS_within = (2 × (31.18² + 49.17² + 41.68²))
Total:
SS_total = SS_between + SS_within
Now, we can calculate the degrees of freedom (df) for each source of variation:
df_between = k - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2
df_within = N - k = 9 - 3 = 6
df_total = N - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8
Finally, we can calculate the mean squares:
MS_between = SS_between / df_between = 343,640.67 / 2 = 171,820.335
MS_within = SS_within / df_within = 32,533.99 / 6 = 5,422.33167
We have obtained the actual values for the ANOVA calculations. Now we can proceed to calculate the F-statistic and determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Now, let's calculate the F-statistic:
F = MS_between / MS_within = 171,820.335 / 5,422.33167 ≈ 31.73
To determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis, we need to compare the calculated F-statistic to the critical F-value from the F-distribution table at the given significance level (α = 0.05). However, we need to determine the critical F-value based on the degrees of freedom for the numerator (df_between) and denominator (df_within).
For df_between = 2 and df_within = 6, the critical F-value at α = 0.05 is approximately 5.14.
Since the calculated F-statistic (31.73) is greater than the critical F-value (5.14), we can reject the null hypothesis.
Therefore, we conclude that the mean pressure applied to the driver's head during a crash test is not equal for at least one pair of car types (compact, midsize, and full-size cars).
learn more about ANOVA: https://brainly.com/question/25800044
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Answer:
...
Explanation:
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Read the following excerpt from The Age of Innocence, and identify the narrator’s tone regarding Countess Olenska’s behavior.
"To the general relief, the Countess Olenska was not present in her grandmother's drawing-room during the visit of the betrothed couple. Mrs. Mingott said she had gone out; which, on a day of such glaring sunlight, and at the "shopping hour," seemed in itself an indelicate thing for a compromised woman to do."
confusion
relief
annoyance
disapproval
Answer:
the tone is confusion
you can tell because the narrator is quite perplexed by why the Countess was not present in her grandmother's room, and why she had gone out during the sunlight at noon ("shopping hour") , since it is strange for her a married woman like her to do so.
and IT So, what was it?
3) Let's say your experimental results showed that the Placebo Group increased
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Answer:
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