"Review of the Basics" - WS #1
Directions: Please answer each fill in the blank with the best answer. »
1.
are atoms or groups of atoms that have a positive or negative charge.
2. A
is any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge

6 important factors that affect evaporation are : 1. Wind assists evaporation; for example in clothes dry faster under a fan. 2. Heat assists evaporation; for example, in summer clothes dry faster than in winter.

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A reagent is a compound that is used for the detection of the absence or presence of another substance.

Your information is incomplete as the available reagents aren't given. Therefore, an overview will be given.

Reagents are the integral part of a chemical reaction as they facilitate a reaction. A reagent is usually used tests.

Some typical examples of reagents include Tollens reagent, Fehling's reagent, Million's reagent, etc.

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The reagents that would be used to convert cyclohexanone to the following compound: hydrogen cyanide, potassium cyanide, and H₃O⁺, heat.

It is an organic compound with a chemical formula [tex]\rm (CH_2)_5 CO[/tex].

The cyclohexanone is used as Insecticides, paint and varnish remover, synthetic resins, etc.

It is not harmful to humans and animals, inhalation cause irritation.

Thus, the compound: hydrogen cyanide, potassium cyanide, and H₃O⁺, heat.

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Assuming an ebullioscopic constant of 0.512 °C/m for the water, If you add 30.0g of salt to 3.75kg of water, the boiling-point elevation will be 0.140 °C and the boiling-point of the solution will be 100.14 °C.

Boiling-point elevation describes the phenomenon that the boiling point of a liquid will be higher when another compound is added, meaning that a solution has a higher boiling point than a pure solvent.

We will use the definition of molality.

b = mass solute / molar mass solute × kg solvent

b = 30.0 g / (58.44 g/mol) × 3.75 kg = 0.137 m

We will use the following expression.

ΔT = Kb × m × i

ΔT = 0.512 °C/m × 0.137 m × 2 = 0.140 °C

where

The normal boiling-point for water is 100 °C. The boiling-point of the solution will be:

100 °C + 0.140 °C = 100.14 °C

Assuming an ebullioscopic constant of 0.512 °C/m for the water, If you add 30.0g of salt to 3.75kg of water, the boiling-point elevation will be 0.140 °C and the boiling-point of the solution will be 100.14 °C.

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Answer:

This is because it is a physical change not a chemical change.

The color of the system will change between pink and blue depending on the concentration of species.

Equilibrium is attained in a reaction when the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction. Now consider the equilibrium;

Co(H2O)6^2+(aq) + 4Cl^-(aq) ⇄ CoCl4^2-(aq) + 6H2O(l)

We know that Co(H2O)6^2+(aq) is pink while  CoCl4^2-(aq)  is blue hence, if the concentration of the species are changed, the color of the system will change accordingly.

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Answer:

The aspirin is more soluble in ethanol than water - the water helps the crystals separate from solution.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Answer:A single-replacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound. F₂ + 2NaCl → 2NaF + Cl₂, where F replaces Cl in NaCl. A double-replacement reaction is a reaction in which the metals in two ionic compounds exchange partners.

For an object  1 m long with a 5 m ramp, You pull with 20 N of force, The weight of the object is mathematically given as

W= 5714.3 N

Generally, the equation for the weight   is mathematically given as

W = mg = F/Sinθ

W= 20/Sin0.2

W=20/ 0.0035

W= 5714.3 N

In conclusion, the weight of the object

W= 5714.3 N

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The correct location of the given object on represents continental drift or seafloor spreading.

The scientist Alfred Wegener is most closely connected with the concept of continental drift. Wegener wrote a paper outlining his notion that the continents were “drifting” across the Earth, occasionally crashing through oceans and into one another, in the early 20th century.

The seafloor spreading is the increase of seawater covering the land area. The spreading of seawater is decreasing the land area.

Thus, the correct location is:

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The atoms of hydrogen in the products is 2.4 * 10^21  atoms of hydrogen

The term decomposition has to do with a type of reaction in which a substance is broken down into into its components.

The decomposition of ammonium chloride occurs as follows;

NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl

If 6.02 * 10^23 hydrogen atoms are present in  6.02 * 10^23  molecules

x hydrogen atoms are present in 2.4 * 10^21 molecules

x = 2.4 * 10^21  atoms of hydrogen

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Answer and explanation:

(c)

A represents the activation energy (the minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction).

B represents the overall change in energy (the difference between the energy of the reactants and products).

(d)

The reaction profile diagram shows that the reaction is exothermic because the energy change is negative (the products have less energy than the reactants) which shows that energy is lost or given out to the surroundings.

(e)

HCl gas doesn't conduct electricity, but hydrochloric acid does because in HCl, there are hydrogen ions that are free to move so they can carry a charge.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Chemical formula of Oxygen is O2.

We know ,

1 mole of a substance contains 6.022×10^23, Avogadro’s Constat.

Here, Molar mass of O = 16u

And molar mass of O2 = 32u

And 32g of O2 = 1 mole of O2

It means that,

32g of O2 = 6.022×10^23 molecules

Answer:

The correct answer is given in the picture

This ANSWER IS ONLY CORRECT WHEN Oz STAND FOR OZONE

The new volume of the gas in the balloon when the pressure is doubled is determined as 11.2 L.

The new volume of the balloon is determined by applying general gas equation as shown below

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

Where;

[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2} \\\\V_2 = \frac{P_1V_1T_2}{T_1P_2} \\\\V_2 = \frac{1 \times 22.4 \times 273}{273 \times 2} \\\\V_2 = 11.2 \ L[/tex]

Thus, the new volume of the gas in the balloon when the pressure is doubled is determined as 11.2 L.

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The shorthand equation shows us in a glance what happens in the electrochemical reaction. For a lead storage battery, we have; PbSO4(s)/H2O//Pb (s) ,PbO2(s) /H2SO4

An electrochemical reaction is one in which electrical energy is produced from a chemical reaction. The equations in a lead storage battery are;

Anode: Pb (s) + HSO4- → PbSO4(s) + H+ + 2 e-

Cathode: PbO2(s) + HSO4- + 3 H+ + 2 e- → PbSO4(s) + 2 H2O

Overall: Pb (s) + PbO2(s) + 2 HSO4- + 2 H+ → 2 PbSO4(s) + 2 H2O

Hence, the shorthand notation of this reaction is;

PbSO4(s)/H2O//Pb (s) ,PbO2(s) /H2SO4

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Answer:

The reaction between zinc sulphide and oxygen gives zinc oxide and sulfur dioxide. The chemical equation of the reaction is: 2ZnS + 3O2 → 2ZnO + 2SO2 2 moles of ZnS react with 3 moles of O2 to form 2 moles of ZnO and 2 moles of SO2

Explanation:

A production of 17.5 × 10⁹ tonnes of carbon will be added to the atmosphere over the course of five years.

In accordance with the principle of mass conservation, mass is not created nor destroyed, just transformed as we infer from statement.

The total carbon generation due to human activities is the sum of the effects derived from the combustion of fossil fuels and the deforestation, whose total over the course of five years is:

[tex]x = (5\,years)\cdot \left(6\times 10^{9}\,\frac{t}{yr} + 2\times 10^{9}\,\frac{t}{yr} \right)[/tex]

[tex]x = 35\times 10^{9}\,t[/tex]

And the part of this production that will remain in the atmosphere during its residence time is:

[tex]x' = 0.5\cdot x[/tex]

[tex]x' = 17.5\times 10^{9}\,t[/tex]

A production of 17.5 × 10⁹ tonnes of carbon will be added to the atmosphere over the course of five years. [tex]\blacksquare[/tex]

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For the ionization constant for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5; that for hydrocyanic acid is 4 x 10-10, The solution is basic due to the generation of OH– ions.

ionization constant is simply defined as a constant that relies on the equilibrium that exists b/w ions and molecules of solution.

Generally, the equation for the Chemical reaction  is mathematically given as

CH3C.O .O + H2_O ----> CH3COOH + O.H

Therefore

the anion C...N–  receives H+ ion from water as it goes through hydrolysis.

Hence

xN– + H2..O ----><---- HxN + O..H–

In conclusion, The solution is basic due to the generation of OH– ions.

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A. Cold front

The warm front symbol would be red and have circles instead of triangles.

The occluded front symbol would be purple with both, a triangle and a circle.

The stationary Front symbol is a mixture of both symbols from cold front and warm front.

hope that helps!!

From the calculations performed, the Kb of the reaction is 9.9 * 10^-10

The term Kb refers to the base dissociation constant of a solution. We have the following information from the question;

pH of the solution = 8.60

concentration of p-toluidine =  0.016-M

Recall that  pOH = 14 - pH

pOH = 14 - 8.60 = 5.4

[OH] = Antilog (-5.4) = 3.98 * 10^-6 M

We have to set up the ICE table;

          CH3C6H4NH2(aq) + H2O(l) ⇄ CH3C6H4NH3^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)

I             0.016                                           0                                   0

C           -x                                                   +x                                  +x

E    0.016  - x                                            3.98 * 10^-6                3.98 * 10^-6

Hence;

Kb = [3.98 * 10^-6]^2/[0.016  - 3.98 * 10^-6]

Kb =  9.9 * 10^-10

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The pH of a solution of H₂SO₄ that has [H₃O⁺] is 5.45 × 10⁻⁵ M, is 4.26.

pH is define as the negative logarithm of the concentration of H⁺ or H₃O⁺ ions, and it is represented as:

pH = -log[H⁺]

Concentration of H₃O⁺ in H₂SO₄ solution = 5.45 × 10⁻⁵ M

pH of H₂SO₄ solution will be calculated as:

pH = -log(5.45 × 10⁻⁵)

pH = -(-4.26)

pH = 4.26

Hence required pH is 4.26.

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Answer:

4.26 is the answer

Explanation:

edge 2022

Bedrock is used in the construction of structures, the topsoil is important for the production of crops and the loss of fertile soil is known as desertification.

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Answer:

1. Bedrock

2. Topsoil

3. Desertification

Explanation:

A 120g block of pinewood has a volume of 300cm3. Would this block float on water? (HINT: Water has a density of 1g/cm3). a. No, because the block is denser than water.

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The density of a material represents the denseness of that material in a specific given area. If an object has a density less than water then it will float on water otherwise it will sink. Here the wood will float on water.

The density of a material denotes the measurement which compares the amount of matter an object has to its volume. An object with more matter in a certain volume has a high density. It is defined as the mass per unit volume.

The density is usually represented by symbol ρ or by the letter D. The formula used to calculate the density is:

Density = Mass / Volume

D = 100 / 300 = 0.33 g/cm³

Here the density of water is 1.0 g/cm³ which is greater than the density of  pine wood. So the pine wood will float on water.

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The pH of a 0.50M solution of malic acid with ka1 = 4. 0 × 10-⁴ and ka2 = 6. 3 × 10-⁶ as described is; 1.85.

Since, in a polyprotic acid the first hydrogen will dissociate faster than the others, If the Ka values differ by a factor of 10-³ or more, it is possible to approximately calculate the pH by using only the Ka of the first hydrogen ion.

However, the situation is different in this scenario.

On this note, the solution is as in the attached image.

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The pH of a 0.50 m solution of malic acid is 1.85.

pH is potential hydrogen. It is the measurement of the acidity and basicity of any solution.

The ka1 = 4. 0 × 10⁻⁴

The  ka2 = 6. 3 × 10⁻⁶

The solution is 0.50 m.

First calculate the ka value

[tex]ka = \dfrac{x^2}{0.50} \\\\x^2 = 0.50 \times 4 \times 10^-^4\\\\x^2 = 2 \times 10^-^4\\x^2 = \sqrt{2 \times 10^-^4} \\\\ x = [H^+] = 1.41 \times 10^-^2[/tex]

Now, calculate the pH

[tex]pH = -log [H^+]\\\\pH = -log[ 1.41 \times 10^-2]\\\\pH = 1.85[/tex]

Thus, the pH of a 0.50 m solution of malic acid is 1.85.

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Answer:

Single replacement is a reaction in which one element reacts with another compund to form another compound and another element.

planation:

If the reaction is double displacement then two molecules will be displaced and if it is single displacement reaction then only one element displaces.

Displacement reactions are those reactions in which any element of the given reactant will be displaced by any another element.

If only one element from the reactant molecules will displace then it will be known as single displacement reaction. If two elements or atoms will be displaced from the reactant molecules then it will be known as double displacement reaction.

Hence if one element displaceed then called the single displacement reaction and if two elements displaces then called as the double displacement reaction.

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Answer:

b atoms

Explanation:

everything is made up of atoms

The coefficients which correctly balance the formula for the equation of reaction of NH₄ and NO₂ is 1,1,1,2.

This is the type of reaction in which the atoms of the elements of the reactants equal that of the product.

The balanced reaction is seen below where 2 was added to H₂O so as to balance the atoms of oxygen on both sides.

NH₄ + NO₂ (s) ⇒ N₂ (g)+2H₂O(l)

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Considering the Dalton's partial pressure, the partial pressure of CO₂ is 2.465 atm and the partial pressure of H₂O is 0.035 atm.

The pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture is known as its partial pressure.

So, Dalton's law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone:

[tex]P_{T} =P_{1} +P_{2} +...+P_{n}[/tex]

where n is the amount of gases in the mixture.

Dalton's partial pressure law can also be expressed in terms of the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture. The mole fraction is a dimensionless quantity that expresses the ratio of the number of moles of a component to the number of moles of all the components present.

So in a mixture of two or more gases, the partial pressure of gas A can be expressed as:

[tex]P_{A} =x_{A} P_{T}[/tex]

In this case, you know:

Then:

Replacing in the Dalton's law:

[tex]P_{CO_{2} } =x_{CO_{2}} P_{T}[/tex]

[tex]P_{CO_{2} } =[/tex] 0.986× 2.50 atm

[tex]P_{CO_{2} } =[/tex] 2.465 atm

[tex]P_{H_{2}O } =x_{H_{2}O} P_{T}[/tex]

[tex]P_{H_{2}O } =[/tex] 0.014× 2.50 atm

[tex]P_{H_{2}O } =[/tex] 0.035 atm

Finally, the partial pressure of CO₂ is 2.465 atm and the partial pressure of H₂O is 0.035 atm.

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The fruit which has the greater mass is peach i.e. 150 grams.

Mass is a quantity which is used to define that what amount of substance will occupy any space or present in the given object.

We have given,

Weight of apples = 85,000 mg

Weight of peach = 0.15 kg

To compare the quantity first we have to convert both of these units in the same unit, and we know that:

In 1 kilogram = 1000 grams

And in 1 grams = 1000 milligrams

So, we convert both the units into grams as:

85,000 mg =  85,000 / 1000 = 85 grams

0.15 kg = 150 grams

So, the mass of peach is high.

Hence, peach has the greater mass.

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Answer:

Constance has an apple that weighs 85,000 milligrams and a peach that weighs 0.15 kilograms. Which fruit has the greater mass? Choose the words and numbers to complete the statements.

Convert the masses of both fruits to the same unit.

85,000 milligrams is the same as  

85

 grams.

0.15 kilograms is the same as  

150

 grams.

The  

peach

 has the greater mass.tion:

Answer:

A. acidic

Explanation:

Answer:

a grassy meadow

Explanation:

goo

duh