Respiration (both aerobic and anaerobic) begins with glycolysis in the cytoplasm of a cell;
1 glucose molecule (C₆H₁₂O₆) is converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate in a 10-step process, consuming 2 ATPs and yielding 4 ATPs;
Additionally, 2 NAD+ molecules are reduced to NADH molecules;
In aerobic respiration, each pyruvate molecule then goes through the link reaction, getting converted to acetyl co-A in the mitochondrial matrix, producing 1 CO₂ molecule and 1 reduced NADH molecule;
Acetyl co-A then enter the Krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) where 2 CO₂, 1 ATP, 3 NADH (by reduction of NAD+) and 1 FADH₂ molecules are produced;
The NADH and FADH₂ molecules produced are electron carriers required for the electron transport chain (ETC);
The electron transport chain consists of 4 proteins within the inner mitochondrial membrane which are involved in the production of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation;
The first protein (C1) is responsible for oxidising NADH to NAD+, releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) by pumping the protons (H+ ions) into the intermembrane space and the electrons released are transferred to a ubiquinone molecule;
The second protein (C2) is responsible for oxidising FADH₂ to FADH, also releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) and, similarly to C1, the electrons released are transferred to ubiquinone;
The third protein complex (C3) transfers the electrons from ubiquinone to cytochrome C;
Finally, cytochrome C transfers these electrons to the fourth complex (C4), where they combine with free protons in the matrix and O₂ to to produce H₂0;
The PMF is then harvested via an ATP synthase protein where H+ flood back into the mitochondrial matrix, and the energy released is used to generate ATP from ADP and Pi;
ATP is now ready for use for bodily processes requiring it.
Pigments
Pigments are molecules that can absorb certain _______________ of ___________
The primary pigment of photosynthesis is chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is green in colour because it _____________ green light while it ______________ red and blue colours
Additional pigments called __________________ pigments absorb most colours of the visible spectrum to some extent
Most leaves appear green because chlorophyll is much more ________________ than the accessory pigments
Answer:
wavelengths of light
reflects green light and absorb red and blue light
accessory pigments absorb...etc.
... (don't know the ast one) ...
In some bees, thin stripes (S) are dominant over thick stripes (s) and black eyes (B) are dominant over gray eyes (b). Complete a dihybrid cross for parents with the genotypes SsBB and ssBb and determine the likelihood of offspring with the genotype ssBB. SB SB sB sB sB SsBB SsBB ssBB ssBB sb SsBb SsBb ssBb ssBb sB SsBB SsBB ssBB ssBB sb SsBb SsBb ssBb ssBb 1/16 4/16 3/16 2/16
Answer: I think the answer should be 4/16
Explanation: Hope this helps
Answer:
B. 4/16
Explanation:
please help i’ll give brainlist
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Most autotrophs use a process called photosynthesis to make their food. In photosynthesis, autotrophs use energy from the sun to convert water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air into glucose
Do turtles have exoskeleton?
Answer:
Mark me brainliest （⌒▽⌒）Explanation:
The turtle shell isn't like any other protective element of any living animal: it's not an exoskeleton, like some invertebrates have, nor is it made of ossified scales like armadillos, pangolins, or some snake and reptile species. ... The turtle shell is actually a peculiar evolution of a turtle's bone structureNo. Turtles are vertebrate animals with internal skeletons. Even the shell is made of bone covered by a thin layer of tissue and keratin scutes (material similar to your fingernails). The entire skeleton is on the inside. A turtle’s shell is no more an exoskeleton than your own skull is.
Which of the following best explains the strength of collagen fibers?
I'm really sorry but you didn't provide any options...
Collagen fiber is the fiber in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues characterized by being elongated and made up of collagen glycoproteins. It is typically arranged in branching bundles of indefinite length. It is a strong insoluble fiber. It occurs in the skin, tendon, ligaments, bone, and cartilage.
What is the relationship between DNA, chromosomes, and
the nucleus?
Answer:
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Other Info That Might Help:
In contrast, in eukaryotes, all of the cell's chromosomes are stored inside a structure called the nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones. Humans inherit one set of chromosomes from their mother and a second set from their father.
From the following mRNA sequence organized into triplets:
5' ACC AUG UCC ACA UUC CCA GUG CUU CGG GAA GAU AUC CCG CUA AGA GAG AGA CAU GUC AAA GAG GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GCU GAG CAU CGG CGG CGG GAC AUG GGC AUC CAA GGA GCC GCU UCG GCC GCC ACG GUG CCG CCC CAU CAA UGC CAC CCU GGC UGU GGA GAA GGA GGG GGG CUG CCC UAG GUG 3'
1. Identify start codon
2. translate sequence to proteins
3. identify the base dna sequence
Answer:
Most likely 2
Explanation:
Have a great day
If a 1000 bp of DNA were inserted between the two restriction sites, how would the banding pattern on the gel differ from the one you drew in part a
How do the baby’s respiration and circulation change when the baby is born?
Answer:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide flow through the blood in the placenta. Most of it goes to the heart and flows through the baby's body. At birth, the baby's lungs are filled with fluid. ... Increased oxygen in the lungs causes a decrease in blood flow resistance to the lungs.
which of the is a correct way to label speed
Answer:speed In m/s
Explanation:
n
Answer: And the best way to label the line segments are with their endpoints, and that's another word here. So a point is just literally A or B, but A and B are also the endpoints of these line segments, 'cause it starts and ends at A and B. So let me write this A and B. A and B are endpoints, another definition right over here.
Explanation: I GOT IT RIGHT BRAINLIEST PLZ <3 <3 <3
Complete the Punnett square
1) BbEE
2) BbEe
3) BbEe
4) bbEe
The Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of a particular breeding / etc. For example, in the top left BE and BE becomes BBEE because you take both letters and put them together. Here, the Bs will go first and the Es. In the one to the right of that, Be and BE becomes BBEe as you put the Bs and Es in order, but you also have to make sure that lowercase bs go after uppercase bs, and etc.
Have a nice day!
I hope this is what you are looking for, but if not - comment! I will edit and update my answer accordingly. (ノ^∇^)
- Heather
Tornado Effects on the Land
Answer:
They have a small effect
Explanation:
Because when you consider the size of the earth, tornadoes have a small effect on earth, that's your answer?
Answer:
Tornado Effects on the Land-well tornadoes strike are greatly impacted. Trees and plants can be uprooted, and diseases in the soil are spread.
Explanation:
DEADLY!!
2) Given DNA strand: TAT GGT GAT GTG TAG
mRNA strand:
amino sequence:
Answer:
mRNA: AUA CCA CUA CAC AUC
Protein: ILE PRO LEU HIS ILE
What do we produce from hydropower?
a. Gas
b. Electricity
C. Fuel
d. Nuclear energy
mudronowor is an established
Answer:
the answer is B. electricity
IF a man with blood type A, one one of whose parents had blood type O, marries a woman with blood type AB, what are the putative genotypes of the offspring?
Answer:
The 1st child will surely have AA,The 2nd might have AB/OB and the last one will surely have OB
Explanation:
I studied at school like 2 yrs ago
I am sure
Answer:
If the man has blood type A one of whose parents had blood type O then he must be having the genotype IAi and the woman with blood group AB would have genotype IAIB. So if they produce offspring than the putative genotype of the offspring would be IAIA, IAi, IAIB, and IBi.
Explanation:
IA i
IA IAIA IAi
IB IAIB IBi
Therefore out of four offspring, two offspring would be having A blood group, one offspring would have AB blood group and one offspring would have B blood group.
HOPE THAT HELP YOU :)
ALL THE BEST
In what type of organism is cell differentiation
necessary?
A. prokaryotes
B. kingdom archaebacteria
C. single-celled organisms
D. multi-cellular organisms
Explain why sickle cell anaemia is persistent in the tropics yet it is lethal and these areas have high malaria Providence.
Sickle cell anemia is persistent in the tropics because those with sickle cell anemia cant contract the malaria virus because of the shape of their blood cells, and this is advantageous in the tropics where there are more malaria cases. So those with sickle cell anemia live to pass on their genes.
why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than the other types of cells?
Answer:
Muscles require more and quicker release of energy.
Explanation:
Muscles need energy quickly and in high amounts so more mitochondria are needed to fulfill this energy demand.
Help please :) thank you
Answer:
C
Explanation:
am su that is the answer u need
how to create a stdy guide
give a scientific explanation of evolution
Explanation:
according to DARWIN'S theory, evolution is derived from the parent's philosophy. meaning, the parents are offspring from an animal that mated with an (updated) version of that species...
What is the total amount of ozone remaining
Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?
anterior cortex
prefrontal cortex
orbitofrontal cortex
cingulate cortex
5. Which of the following do NOT affect the destructiveness of an earthquake?
A. depth
B. magnitude
C. location
D. human activity
The answer is human activity
The Human population is currently:
A: increasing at an increasing rate
B:increasing at a steady rate
C: increasing at a slowing rate
D: Decreasing
Answer:
A is the best answer for now I think. Because the world population grew by 100 million over the past year
Question 1) Discuss how compounds in different types of organisms can be used to benefit people? ( Will Mark Brainliest).
The Forensic Anthropology Facility was founded by whom?
what is the chemical formula for the sugar carbohydrate produced by photosynthesis?
A. H2O
B. CO2
C. C6H12O6
D. O2
Answer: C
Explanation:
Osteoporosis is more prevalent among women than men because women generally
have more bones in their bodies than men have.
take in more calcium than men take in.
have lower bone mass than men have.
exercise more than men do
Answer:
Have lower bone mass than men have
Explanation:
Osteoporosis is a bone thinning disease that is more prevalent among women than men and typically occurs after 50. The reason women are more likely to get the disease than men is because after 50 many women have gone through or are going through menopause. Menopause causes the ovaries to produce less estrogen which is what had previously been promoting bone density.
The other answers are incorrect because...
A: have more bones in their bodies than men have: for the most part everyone has the same amount of bone in there body (although there are diseases that cause a persons bones to fuse together making them have fewer bones than the average person)
B: take in more calcium then men take in: more calcium would actually cause someone to be less likely to get osteoporosis because it strengthens the bones.
C: exercise more than men do: Osteoporosis is more common in malnourished women and women who do not get regular physical activity to strengthens there bones. So getting more exercise would actually lessen the chance of getting osteoporosis.
Hope this helps! :)
True or false The further you go back in a family tree the more changes you would expect
to find in a conservative gene.
la verdad que
Explanation: