Use the data in the table below to calculate the heat of vaporization (AHvap) in kJ/mol of pinene.
Vapor Pressure
(torr)
760
515
340
218
135
Temperature
(K)
429
415
401
387
373
kJ/mol
Use the value of AHyap determined in Part 1 to calculate the vapor pressure of pinene (in torr) at room temperature (23°C)
760
torr
Answers
Answer:
41 kJ/mol4 torrExplanation:
Given pinene has a (temperature, vapor pressure) relation (K, torr) = {(373, 135), (429, 760)}, you want the heat of vaporization in kJ/mol and the vapor pressure at room temperature (23 °C).
Clausius–Clapeyron EquationThe Clausius–Clapeyron equation can be used to find the heat of vaporization:
[tex]\ln{P}=-\dfrac{\Delta H_{\text{vap}}}{R}\left(\dfrac{1}{T}\right)+C[/tex]
Solving for ∆H, we find ...
[tex]\Delta H_{\text{vap}}=-\dfrac{R\cdot\ln{\dfrac{P_1}{P_2}}}{\dfrac{1}{T_1}-\dfrac{1}{T_2}}\\\\\\\Delta H_{\text{vap}}=-\dfrac{8.314\cdot\ln{\dfrac{760}{135}}}{\dfrac{1}{429}-\dfrac{1}{373}}\approx 41052.8[/tex]
The heat of vaporization of pinene is about 41 kJ/mol.
Vapor pressureRearranging the above equation to give P1, we have ...
[tex]\ln{\dfrac{P_1}{P_2}}=-\dfrac{\Delta H_\text{vap}}{R}\left(\dfrac{1}{T_1}-\dfrac{1}{T_2}\right) \\\\\\P_1=P_2\cdot e^{-\frac{\Delta H_\text{vap}}{R}\left(T_1^{-1}-T_2^{-1})}[/tex]
Using the same P2 and T2 as above, we find the vapor pressure at room temperature (296.15 K) to be ...
P1 ≈ 4.349 . . . . . torr
The vapor pressure of pinene at room temperature is about 4 torr.
Related Questions
The reaction below shows the combustion of propane (C3H8). Why is the mole ratio (3 moles CO2/1 mol C3H8) used to determine the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced when propane (C3H8) combusts in excess oxygen? (1 point) C3H8 + O2 yields CO2 + H2O + heat Propane has a mass that is 3 times greater than that of CO2, so only 1 mole of C3H8 is needed to produce 3 moles of CO2. When the chemical equation for propane combustion is balanced, 1 mole of C3H8 is needed to produce 3 moles of CO2. During combustion, CO2 is approximately 3 times more reactive than C3H8, so less C3H8 will participate in the reaction. Carbon dioxide has a volume of about one-third that of C3H8, so 3 moles of CO2 are needed to react with each mole of C3H8.
Answers
One mole of the propane produces three moles of the carbon dioxide from mole ratio.
What is the mole ratio?When we talk about the mole ratio, we mean the ratio of the species that can be found in the reaction. We can be able to get the mole ratio from the balanced reaction equation and we apply it to solve problems from the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Given the fact that we have the reaction as it has been written in the question, it is clear that we would need about one mole of the propane to produce three moles of carbon dioxide.
We can see that there are three atoms of carbon in the propane and the implication of this is that we are going to produce three atoms of carbon dioxide in the product.
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A relationship that decreases the dependent variable when the independent variable increases is called __________________
Answers
molecule of the variables shift in the opposite directions when there is a inverse or negative relationship. In other words, the dependent variable grows if the value of the independent variable falls.
What is the name of the correlation here between dependent and independent variables?The dependent variable in this study are often the effect and the variable are the cause in a research investigation. Additionally, one could say that there is a cause-and- effect link between the independent and the dependent variables.
What kind of link does there exist between these two variables?A statistical method known as correlation is used to quantify and explain a link between two variables. The two factors are often just observed, not changed. Two scores from identical people must be used for the correlation
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What ions are formed with AgNO3 dissolves in water? How does water stabilize the ions?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
In water, silver nitrate (AgNO3) dissolves to generate the ions Ag+ (silver) and NO3- (nitrate). When the substance is dissolved in water, the ions are separated and become solvated, or surrounded by water molecules. Water molecules' oxygen atoms join the metal ion in a coordinate covalent bond that gives the metal ion a pair of electrons. By preventing it from interacting with other ions or molecules in the solution, this aids in stabilising the metal ion. As a result of their hydrogen bonds with the water molecules around them, the nitrate ions are likewise stabilised in solution.
What is the name of the ionic compound formed from lithium and bromine?
Why is the answer lithium bromide? What is the indicator that this is the correct name, rather than lithium bromate? Is this because a compound would need to contain 3 different atoms and oxygen to have the name lithium bromate? Is that why NaNO3 is Sodium Nitrate?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is lithium bromide because it is the combination of a metal (lithium) and a nonmetal (bromine). The indicator that this is the correct name, rather than lithium bromate, is that the compound is composed of only two elements and does not contain oxygen. Yes, this is why NaNO3 is Sodium Nitrate; it is composed of three different elements (sodium, nitrogen, and oxygen).
Explanation:
PROBLEM 1.22 Give the hybridization state of each carbon in the following
compounds:
(a) Carbon dioxide (0 = C = O)
(d) Propene (C*H_{3}*CH = C*H_{2})
(b) Formaldehyde (H_{2}*C = O)
(e) Acetone [(CH 3 ) 2 C = OI
(c) Ketene (H_{2}*C = C = O)
(f) Acrylonitrile ( C*H_{2} =CHC equiv N)
SAMPLE SOLUTION
(a) Carbon in C*O_{2} is directly bonded to two other atoms. It
is sp-hybridized.
Answers
To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to hybridisation. Therefore, the hybridisation of the given molecule can be given as below.
What is hybridisation?Only during bond formation does hybridization occur, not in an individual gaseous atom. If the bonding of a molecule is known, the geometry of the molecule may be predicted.
compound hybridisation
Carbon dioxide (0 = C = O) sp
Propene (CH[tex]_3[/tex]CH = CH[tex]_2[/tex]) sp³, sp²,sp²
Formaldehyde (H[tex]_2[/tex]C = O) sp²
Acetone [(CH[tex]_3[/tex] )[tex]_2[/tex] C = O sp³, sp², sp³
Ketene (H[tex]_2[/tex]C = C = O) sp², sp
Therefore, the hybridisation of the given molecule can be given as above.
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Are all antigens foreign substances?
Answers
No, not all antigens are foreign substances.
An antigen is any substance that can trigger an immune response, including the production of antibodies. Some antigens are naturally present in the body and are called "self" antigens which are usually not harmful, but in some cases, the immune system can mistakenly recognize them as foreign and attack them which can lead to autoimmune diseases.
Antigens bind together with antibodies and promote the elimination of harmful pathogens present in the body. They alert other parts of the immune system to take over which helps to neutralize the threat from pathogens.
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an empty 5L, solid steel scuba tank containing 2 ¨bobs" of particles has a pressure of 765 mmHg then it is completely filled to 32 ¨bobs" of gas what is the pressure and volume of the filled tank
Answers
The new volume of the system can be found to be 4.9 L.
What is the new volume?We have to know that we do use the Boyle's law when we are trying to get the association that we know that does exist when we are looking at the volume and the pressure of the gas and the both can be shown to be inversely proportional.
We then have that;
Initial pressure(P1) = 765 mmHg
Initial volume (V1) = 5 L
Final pressure (P2)= 780 mmHg
Final volume (V2) = ?
Then;
P1V1 = P2V2
V2 = 765 * 5/780
V2 = 4.9 L
As such, we can see from the calculation that the new volume that we would obtain is 4.9 L
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Rank the following fibers on the degree to which a dye will bind to the fabric and resist fading.
rank the following fibers on the degree to which a dye will bind
Answers
Answer:
polymer mear least receptive to dye
,
1 atm = 760 torr
For isooctane:
For tetramethylbutane:
Answers
There is no other feasible arrangement of “tetramethylbutane” it is redundant in this circumstance.
What is Tetramethylbutane?Tetramethylbutane, often known as hexamethylethane, is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C8H18 or (H3C-)3C-C(-CH3)3. It is the most branching and compact of the several octane isomers, as well as the only one having a butane (C4) backbone.
It has a highly symmetrical structure, a high melting point, and a narrow liquid range; in fact, it is the smallest saturated acyclic hydrocarbon that emerges as a solid at 25 °C. (Cubane, C8H8, is much smaller and solid at room temperature among cyclic hydrocarbons.) It is also the most stable C8H18 isomer, with a lower heat of formation of 4.18 kcal/mol (17.5 kJ/mol) than n-octane, which has been related to dispersive interactions (electron correlation) between the methyl groups (protobranching).
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Please help me I really need the help
Answers
Thermal energy is the sum of all the potential and kinetic energy of the atoms within a system that is responsible for its temperature.
How to conclude the Electro negativity?Friction transforms other forms of energy into thermal energy. Atoms are the building blocks of matter. Atoms are composed of subatomic particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons.Periodic trends are patterns on the periodic table that illustrate elements’ characteristics.Significant trends are atomic radius, metallic reactivity, electronegativity, electron affinity, and ionization energy.
Atomic radius and metallic reactivity trends: They increase when they move down a group and left across a period.Electronegativity, electron affinity, and Ionization energy trends: They increase when they move up a group and right across a period.
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3. Silances are more reactive than alkanes. Explain.
Answers
The lower bond energy of the silicanes make them more reactive than the alkanes.
What are the silicanes?We know that the members of group four has the ability to catenate and this is a property that characterizes all the elements that we can find in the group. However the extent to which the members of the group can be able to catenate is what we use to determine the stability of the bonds.
The alkanes are composed of the bonds that exist between carbon and hydrogen and the alkanes can be able to form very long chains and this can be used to explain the fact that you can be able to find the alkanes in various kinds of applications.
However, the bond energy of the silicanes is less than that of the alkanes hence they tend to be more reactive then the alkanes.
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the enthaply of formation of water is -285.8kj/mol. what can be inferred from this statement
Answers
Answer: It takes 285.8 kJ of energy to form one mole of water
Explanation:
The enthalpy of formation of a substance is the change in enthalpy that occurs when a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states. The enthalpy of the formation of water is -285.8 kJ/mol, which means that it takes 285.8 kJ of energy to form one mole of water from its elements (hydrogen and oxygen) under standard conditions. This value is negative, which means that the formation of water releases energy. This is why water is often referred to as an "exothermic" substance because it releases energy when it is formed. The negative value of the enthalpy of formation for water can be explained by the fact that the bonds formed between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stronger than the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the individual elements. This means that it takes less energy to break the bonds in the elements than it releases when the bonds in water are formed, resulting in a net release of energy.
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Answer:
This means that 285.8 kJ/mol is evolved when one mole of water is formed.
What is the enthalpy of formation?
The term enthalpy of formation has to do with the energy that is released or absorbed when a molecule of water if formed from its constituents.
The fact that the enthalpy of formation of water is -285.8 kJ/mol implies that 285.8 kJ/mol is evolved when one mole of water is formed.
Explanation:
the maximum allowed concentrations of chloride in municipal drinking water supply in 250 ppm cl. when the supply of water exceeds this limit it often has a distinctive salty taste. what is the concentration in molarity?
Answers
The allowed concentration of Cl in water is 250 ppm. Then the equivalent concentration in molarity is 0.007 molar.
What is molarity ?Molarity is a common term used to express the concentration of a solution. It is the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the volume of solution in liters. Molarity is a temperature dependent measurement.
Parts per million is another term of concentration have the formula as written below:
ppm = ws/W × 10⁶
Where, ws is the weight of solute and W be the weight of solution in grams.
1 molar = 35500 ppm
therefore, 250 ppm = 250 ppm × 1M /35500 ppm = 0.007 M.
Hence, the molarity of the salt solution will with the maximum allowed concentration will be 0.007 M.
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Why don’t different varieties of corn plants grow to the same size under similar growing conditions?
Answers
Why do some elements not take part in chemical bonds?
Answers
Answer:
Because there is some element which is already in an octet state and has no need to achieve it, they have a full electron in their outermost shells such as helium, argon etc.
A student placed four magnets of equal size and mass each the same distance from an electromagnet. She turned the electromagnet on and then quickly turned it off. The diagram below shows how far each magnet traveled toward the electromagnet when the circuit was closed.
four magnets near an electromagnet
What is the order of the magnets by strength from strongest to weakest?
magnet W
magnet X
magnet Y
magnet Z
You have to put them in order
Answers
Four magnets near an electromagnet What is the order of the magnets by strength from strongest to weakest. magnet W,magnet X,electromagnet,magnet Y,magnet Z.
What is electromagnet?
An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is generated by an electric current. It usually consists of a coil of wire that is wrapped around a core of magnetic material such as iron or steel.
When an electric current passes through the wire, a magnetic field is created around the core, making it a magnet. Electromagnets are used in many different applications, such as motors, generators, and speakers.
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What would be the electron configuration for neutral oxygen? Please show what energy level each electron is in using the electron diagonal filling rule do not use noble gas configuration.
Answers
Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p4
Explanation:
Recall the number of electrons an orbital can have:
s orbitals have 2, p orbitals have 6, d orbitals have 10, f orbitals have 14, and so on.
Oxygen in its neutral state would have 8 electrons.
To summarize the diagonal filling order, it goes from the least energy level to the most, and the orbital with the least amount of orbitals to the most.
So, the order for this will go from 1 and end at 2 (for energy level,) then s, s again (as energy level 1 has 1s orbital only,) and p.
So, the first energy level, 1s2 (2 electrons), leaves the remaining six electrons.
Completely fill the s orbital (another 2 electrons), and the remaining 4 electrons will be in the respective p orbital.
Thus, it is 1s2 2s2 2p4.
Question (1 point)
Given the model, answer the following questions regarding effusion. The orange spheres have a greater root-mean-square speed than the blue spheres. Assume the balloon has a tiny opening for gas molecules to escape.
1st attempt
Part 1 ( 0.5 point)
See Periodic Table See Hint
Which balloon, A or B, most accurately illustrates the effusion of a gas from the central balloon?
Calculate the relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres. The root-mean-square speed for the orange spheres is 495.0m/s. The root-meah-5quare speed for the blue spheres is 380.0m/ s.
Answers
According to the claim, Balloon A, which has more blue and less orange, exhibits accurate effusion at a relative effusion rate of 1.303. (orange is 1.303 times more effused than blue).Relative rate of effusion for the orange to blue spheres = 1.531.
What is effusion ?The process of effusion is when a gas escapes from a container through a hole that is significantly smaller in diameter than the molecules' mean free path.
Gas molecules flow through a small opening in one container and into another by effusion. Graham's law allows rates of effusion to be compared at the same temperature. Diffusion is the random molecular motion-based movement of gas molecules through one or more other types of gas.
Rate of effusion of Orange / Rate of effusion of blue
= [Mblue / Morange]^1/2
Vrms = sqrt [(3RT/M)]
Vorange / Vblue = [ Mblue / Morange]^1/2
Rate of effusion of Orange / Rate of effusion of blue
= 565/ 369
= 1.531
Thus, Balloon A, which has more blue and less orange, exhibits accurate effusion at a relative effusion rate of 1.303.
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What mass of O2 molecules contains the same number of oxygen atoms as 14.0 g of water?
Answers
Answer:
So 0.39 moles of oxygen are produced in 14 g of water. So that's it.
Explanation:
how do you test the methods of cleaning an oil spill while not risking the lives of the organisms
Answers
Answer:
Get a controlled environment, such as a pool or even a bowl. Pour some oil in it then you can test your solutions without causing any damage.
Explanation:
What is the name of the charge that orbits the nucleus called?
Answers
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
"An electron is a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom."
"Electrons are negatively charged particles arranged in orbits around the nucleus of an atom"
In "The Philosophy of the Manufacturers" by Andrew Ure, the author compares a factory worker to a handmade
worker. The author leads the reader to the idea that the factory worker is better off. Choose evidence (a quote
from the text) to support this idea.
a. Certainly no muscular fatigue to sustain, while it procures for him good, unfailing wages, besides a
healthy workshop gratis.
b. The lot of mankind, have been too little dwelt upon; while, on the other har, it has been accused of
lending itself to the rich capitalists as an instrument for harassing the poor.
c. The principle of the factory system then is, to substitute mechanical science for hand skill, and the
partition of a process into its essential constituents.
Answers
"Certainly no muscular fatigue to sustain, while it procures for him good, unfailing wages, besides a healthy workshop gratis."
What idea does the quote supports?The concept that factory workers have it better than handcrafted workers is supported by this textual quotation since it implies that factory work is less physically taxing and offers better pay and working conditions.The author is suggesting that factory worker is in better position than hand worker.This is beneficial for the worker, as it means they can work for longer periods of time without experiencing the same level of exhaustion.Finally, the quote states that a factory provides a "healthy workshop gratis" which means that the factory provides a healthy and clean working environment for the worker without any additional costs. This is beneficial for the worker, as it means they can work in a safe and healthy environment, which is not always the case for hand workers.To know more about healthy workshop conditions quote, check out :
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A transverse wave is shown here. Several wave properties are labeled with letters. Which of these statements accurately reflects the energy associated with the wave? Select ALL that apply. Responses A Y is the frequency, and an increase in Y is associated with an increase in energy.Y is the frequency, and an increase in Y is associated with an increase in energy. B W is the amplitude, and a decrease in W is associated with an increase in energy.W is the amplitude, and a decrease in W is associated with an increase in energy. C W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy.W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy. D Z is the displacement, and a decrease in Z is associated with an increase in energy.Z is the displacement, and a decrease in Z is associated with an increase in energy. E X is wavelength, and a decrease in X is associated with an increase in energy.
Answers
Answer:
C) W is the amplitude, and an increase in W is associated with an increase in energy.
E) X is wavelength, and a decrease in X is associated with an increase in energy.
Explanation:
A transverse wave consists of an oscillating electric field that is perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Increasing either the amplitude or the wavelength of the wave increases its energy. For a transverse wave, the amplitude corresponds to W, while the wavelength is labeled X. So increasing W or decreasing X will create increase the energy of the wave.
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) ΔHº = -94.6 kJ
H2(g) + \scriptsize \frac{1}{2}O2(g) → H2O(l) ΔHº = -286.0 kJ
2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O (l) ΔHº = -2598.8 kJ
calculate the value of ΔHº for the final reaction:
2C(s) + H2(g) → C2H2(g) ΔHº = kJ
Answers
The value of enthalpy(ΔHº) for the final reaction (2C(s) + H₂(g) → C₂H₂(g) ) is -1932.8KJ.
Enthalpy change: what is it?A system's enthalpy is its heat capacity. A reaction's enthalpy change is roughly equivalent to how much energy is lost or gained throughout the reaction. If the enthalpy of the system decreases over the reaction, the reaction is preferred.
C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔHº = -94.6 kJ --- (1)
H₂(g) + O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ΔHº = -286.0 kJ ---(2)
2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O (l) ΔHº = -2598.8 kJ ---(3)
The value of ΔHº for the final reaction,
2C(s) + H₂(g) → C₂H₂(g)
ΔH₄° = 2× ΔH₂º + ΔH₃º - ΔH₁º
ΔH₄° = 2× -286.0 + ( -2598.8) - (- 94.6)
ΔH₄° = 2× -286.0 -2598.8 + 94.6
ΔH₄° = 666 - 2598.8
ΔH₄° = -1932.8KJ.
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how many grams of hexane(C6H14) would be need to make 562 of carbon dioxide
Answers
The mass of hexane, C₆H₁₄ that would be needed to produce 562 grams of carbon dioxide, CO2 is 183 g
How do I determine the mass of hexane, C₆H₁₄ needed?We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction.
2C₆H₁₄ + 19O₂ → 12CO₂ + 14H₂O
The following are obtained from the equation:Molar mass of C₆H₁₄ = 86 g/molMass of C₆H₁₄ from the balanced equation = 2 × 86 = 172 g Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/molMass of CO₂ from the balanced equation = 12 × 44 = 528 gFrom the balanced equation above,
528 g CO₂ were produced from 172 g of C₆H₁₄
With the above information, we shall determine the mass of hexane, C₆H₁₄ needed to produce 562 g CO₂. Details below:
From the balanced equation above,
528 g CO₂ were produced from 172 g of C₆H₁₄
Therefore,
562 g of CO₂ will react to produce = (562 × 172) / 528 = 183 g of C₆H₁₄
Thus, the mass of hexane, C₆H₁₄ needed is 183 g
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EXPLAIN Before medical images are taken, radioisotopes are often injected into a vein in a patient’s arm, or the patient drinks a solution containing the radioisotopes. Why do
you think atoms in the body usually do not emit radiation?
Answers
Answer: adioisotopes, are species of chemical elements that are produced through the natural decay of atoms. Exposure to radiation generally is considered harmful to the human body, but radioisotopes are highly valuable in medicine, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Explanation:
CHEMISTRY - DOES ANYONE KNOW HOW TO DO THIS QUESTION???
Answers
Cathode: 2 Ag+ (aq) + 2 e- → 2 Ag (s). Anode: 2 H+ (aq) → H2 (g) + 2 e-.
What is cathode ?
A cathode is an electrode in an electrical circuit from which electrons flow out. It is usually made of metal and is negatively charged. Cathodes are commonly used in electronic devices such as batteries, lamps, and vacuum tubes. In a battery,
the cathode is the terminal which provides a negative charge and is usually connected to the negative terminal of the battery. In a vacuum tube, the cathode is the source of electrons which flow through the tube to the anode, which is the positive terminal.
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O
Question 2 of 10
Which of the following values best classifies a bond between 2 atoms as
being covalent?
A. An electronegativity difference of greater than 2.7 between the
atoms
B. An electronegativity difference of greater than 1.7 between the
atoms
C. An electronegativity difference of less than 1.7 between the atoms
D. An electronegativity difference of less than 2.7 between the atoms
← PREVIOUS
SUBMIT
Answers
A bond between 2 atoms as being covalent an electronegativity difference of greater than 1.7 between the atoms.
What is bond?Bond is a debt instrument, which is issued by governments and corporations. These bonds are used to raise capital for various projects and investments. Bonds are a form of loan and investors are usually paid a fixed interest rate for lending their money. Bonds are typically issued for a fixed period of time, usually for a period of 5-30 years, and have a fixed maturity date. Investors receive interest payments at regular intervals and receive the principal amount of the bond at the end of the period.
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What is the mass of a 8.45 m3 piece of copper?
Answers
The mass of a 8.45 m3 piece of copper is 7537.4 grams.
What is mass?Mass is described as a dimensionless quantity representing the amount of matter in a particle or object.
density of copper =8.92g/cm^3
volume = 8.45 x 100 cm^3
mass = (8.45 x 100) x 8.92
mass = 7537.4 grams.
The relationship between mass, density and volume is that density offers a convenient means of obtaining the mass of a body from its volume or vice versa.
This means that the mass is equal to the volume multiplied by the density (M = Vd), while the volume is equal to the mass divided by the density (V = M/d).
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How many moles of gas are present if P=1atm, V=1L, T=1K?
it depends on the chemical's molar mass
O.12
8.314
01
Answers
The number of moles of the ideal gas is 0.12 moles. Option A
What is the number of moles?In the context of the problem that we have here, we are looking at the ideal gas equation. When we look at the idea gas equation, we can tell that we would have the pressure of the gas, the volume of the gas as well as the temperature of the gas in view as is the case that we have here.
Thus, the idea that we are asked to pass across in the question is that we should be able to find out the number of moles that we have in the compound that have the variables that have been listed here.
Pressure (P) = 1 atm
Volume (V) = 1 L
Temperature (T) = 1 K
Number of moles (n) = ?
Using;
PV = nRT
n = PV/RT
n = 1 * 1/0.082 * 1
n = 0.12 moles
The moles of the gas is 0.12 moles.
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