Answer:
Interphase: The first phase in mitosis can be split up into G (growth) and S (synthesis) phases. In the first G phase, the cell increases in size. DNA is synthesized here (to synthesize is to produce a substance by a chemical reaction). Once this happens, the cell undergoes the G2 phase where there is more cell growth and proteins are produced.
Prophase.
1) Preprophase:
In plant cells only, the cell remains where it is and the nucleus moves around the cell before the start of mitosis through the formation of a phragmosome. In this formation, pre-prophase is the formation of microtubules ring and pre-prophase band under the plasma membrane.
2) Prophase:
A lot of things happen here. The DNA, RNA and proteins combined together - chromatin - merge into chromosomes which are held together by a centromere. Spindle fibers as well as microtubles are then formed in the cytoplasm and the cells organelles eventually migrate to opposite sides of the cell. As prophase continues, the cell nucleus membrane breaks up and the chromosomes move towards the center of the cell.
3. Prometaphase:
This is the end of prophase and an early stage of metaphase. The nuclear membrane breaks up. In addition, the microtubules occupy the nuclear space. Each chromosome forms two kinetochores.
Metaphase
During metaphase the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell along a metaphase plate, exactly in the middle of the cell where it is equidistant from each spindle pole. The chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate randomly until they eventually attach to each other.
Anaphase
The attached chromosomes break apart and move to the opposite ends of the cell. Once there, the “daughter” chromosomes split apart forming single chromatids again.
Telophase
In telophase, the chromosomes then become sectioned off into new nuclei and daughter cells. These nuclei develop nuclear envelopes and mitosis is basically complete with two new daughter cells. The daughter cells are formed with genetic information passed on from the parent cell.
Cytokinesis
The final step, cytokinesis actually takes place near the end of telophase where the two daughter cells now formed split apart into individual cells.
This is a separate process from telophase that begins at the same time as the telophase.
Hope this makes sense. Feel free to ask further for any info.
- profparis
The cell body of a neuron contains the?
Answer:
the nucleus..
The cell body is the spherical part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and connects to the dendrites, which bring information into the neuron, and the axon, which sends information to other neurons.
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Why is Baraminology not a perfect system
Systematics is based on data while baraminology is based on worldview. According to evolutionary theory, a derived trait can lead to a completely new type of animal. There is no place for genetics in baraminology. Baraminology uses both genetics and physical features to classify organisms.
The primary function of the nephron loop is to generate a medullary ecf osmotic gradient that allows for what?.
The primary function of the nephron loop is to generate a medullary ecf osmotic gradient that allows reabsorption of water and sodium chloride from the filtrate.
What is a nephron loop?
Nephron loop is also known as Henle loop. The descending limb and ascending limb of the nephron loop are U-shaped tubes with different permeabilities. Normally, the collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule are impervious to water, but hormone stimulation during homeostasis changes this.nephron is present in U-shape and extends through the medulla of the kidneyFunctions of nephron loop:
Its major function is to reabsorb sodium chloride and water from the filtrate. By conserving water, the organism can produce urine that is extremely concentrated.To learn more about nephron loop visit:
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The primary function of the nephron loop is to generate a medullary ecf osmotic gradient that allows reabsorption of water and sodium chloride from the filtrate.
What is a nephron loop?
Nephron loop is also known as Henle loop.
The descending limb and ascending limb of the nephron loop are U-shaped tubes with different permeabilities.
Normally, the collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule are impervious to water, but hormone stimulation during homeostasis changes this.
nephron is present in U-shape and extends through the medulla of the kidney
Functions of nephron loop:
Its major function is to reabsorb sodium chloride and water from the filtrate.
By conserving water, the organism can produce urine that is extremely concentrated.
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Identify the cells and structures associated with the seminiferous tubule in this micrograph by clicking and dragging the labels to the correct location.
Seminiferous tubules are the specific site of sperm production, also known as spermatogenesis, and provides the necessary microenvironment to support this process. The micrograph parts shown in the First diagram are:
Seminiferous tubulesBasement MembraneSpermatogenic cellsSpermatogoniaSperm CellsInterstitial CellsThe second diagram shows:
Theca FolliculiiNucleusNucleolusZona PellucidaPrimary oocyteStratum GranulumPrimary FollicleGranulosa CellThe seminiferous tubule is lined by a complex stratified epithelium containing two distinct populations of cells, the spermatogenic cell that develops into spermatozoon, and the Sertoli cell that plays a supportive role.
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A group of proteins in the thylakoid membrane that shuttles electrons between the proteins and other carriers is called a(n)____chain.
A group of proteins in the thylakoid membrane that shuttles electrons between the proteins and other carriers is called an Electron transport chain.
In photosynthetic eukaryotes, the electron transport chain is observed on the thylakoid membrane. here, light energy drives electron transport through a proton pump and the ensuing proton gradient causes the next synthesis of ATP.
The light reactions are finished by means of the thylakoid membrane protein complexes photosystem II (PSII), cytochrome b6/f complicated, photosystem I (PSI), and ATP synthase. Many proteins that play crucial capabilities in both reactions have poor roles in viral pathogenesis.
The most outstanding thylakoid transporter is the proton-translocating ATP-synthase. Currently, 4 additional transporters were recognized inside the thylakoid membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana, namely one copper-transporting P-ATPase, one chloride channel, one phosphate transporter, and one ATP/ADP service.
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Write a testable question that could be used to further investigate the topic of using the fossil record to identify changes in life on earth.
What kind of organisms existed in the past?
How did organisms move about? are some testable questions hat could be used to further investigate the topic of using the fossil record to identify changes in life on earth.
Fossils are the remains of extinct plants and animals that have been encased in layers of rock.The existence of fossil records demonstrates how living things have altered or evolved over time. The specific order in which these species have lived has been identified by paleontologists. For instance, older rocks contained simpler species, while younger rocks contained complex life.Existence of species with transitional traits that are placed in sequential stratigraphic order is one pattern in the fossil record. This indicates that the fossil record demonstrates minute changes in the structures of creatures across time, supporting evolution.learn more about fossil here: https://brainly.com/question/11224681
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In the global open oceans, microbial blooms in surface water around the poles is dominated by ___________, and by ____________ in tropical regions.
In the global open oceans, microbial blooms in surface water around the poles is dominated by the Dinoflagellate Polarella glacialis, and by Trichodesmium in tropical regions.
What are Microbial blooms?The microbial blooms are also known as bacterial blooms. These are caused by an sudden increase in the growth of the bacteria across the water columns.
This sudden increase of the bacteria in the water columns leads to cloudy and milky appearance of the water body which is easily visible.
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The cells of plants and animals are similar, except for a few different structures. Which structures are only found in plant cells?
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
cell membrane
lysosomes
peroxisomes
vesicles
large central vacuole
Golgi complex
cytoskeleton
mitochondria
cell wall
Answer:
large central vacuole
cell wall
Explanation:
Let me clear some things up for you. There are two types of cells - Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. The principle difference between these types of cells are the structure of their genome. In case of prokaryotes, the genomic matter do not have a defined structure, it just kind of floats around in the protoplasm. But in the eukaryotes, the genome is more structured, have all kinds of proteins associated with them, and is surrounded by a two layered sack called the nuclear membrane. Both plant and animal cells have these feature of structured nucleus, therefore, they are both eukaryotes.
Now for the difference between plant and animal cells. the features you mentioned are unique about plant cells, but do not rule them out from being eukaryotes, as the 'true' structure of the nucleus is still there. Cell walls are necessary for the plant cells because plants do not posses an endoskeleton like most of the animals do. The cell wall makes the whole plant rigid so they don't fall apart or appear like a blob. Chloroplast is where photosynthesis happens, so it should most definitely be in a plant cell. Animals don't do photosynthesis so they don't have chloroplasts. Vacuoles are also present in animal cells, but they are much smaller, greater in number, and are known as lysosomes. Functionally they are virtually the same.
ANSWER:
Both plants and animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms and most of the organelles in cells of animals and plants are similar, such as cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomes.
However, there are some organelles that are only found in plant or animal cells. Organelles that are found only in plant cells include chloroplasts, cell wall, and large central vacuoles. The cell wall provides rigidity and protection to the plant cells, chloroplast help in photosynthesis, and large vacuoles act as storage organelles.
Thus, the correct options are 'chloroplasts, cell wall, and large central vacuole.'
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Schleiden concluded all plants are made of cells and Schwann concluded the same thing about animals. Together, how did they contribute to cell theory?
They proved that cells are neither created nor destroyed.
They published several ideas on cell generation.
O They created the theories on the division of cells.
O They claimed that cells were the basic unit of all living organisms.
They created the theories on the division of cells.
What about cells in plant and animal?The smallest unit of life, cells serve as the foundation for all living things. Each part of a cell has a specific purpose. Both differences and similarities exist between plant and animal cells. The mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus are all present in both plant and animal cells.The fundamental unit of life in species belonging to the kingdom Plantae is the cell. They are eukaryotic cells, which have specialized components called organelles and a real nucleus that performs several duties.Animal cells are typical eukaryotic cells since they have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles and are encased in a plasma membrane.
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Answer:
D
Explanation:
I got it right on my quiz also if you look at what Schleiden and Schwann wrote they even said that “All living things are made up of one or more cells.” Which basically explains option D.
If the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between that of the homozygotes this is called:____.
A. epistasis.
B. incomplete dominance.
C. independent assortment.
D. polygenic.
E. codominance.
If the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between that of the homozygotes this is called independent dominance. The correct answer is B. incomplete dominance.
Incomplete dominance refers to the phenomenon in which two true-breeding parents interbred to create an intermediate child (sometimes referred to as heterozygous). Alternate names for it include partial dominance and intermediate inheritance. In the case of partial dominance, the variations (alleles) are expressed in a reduced ratio rather than as dominant or recessive.
A new heterozygous phenotype is produced by imperfect dominance, often known as the dilution of the dominant allele relative to the recessive allele. For instance
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How would replacing the aluminum core of an electromagnet with an iron
core affect the electromagnet?
OA. It would become stronger.
OB. It would become weaker.
C. Its strength would vary randomly.
D. Its strength would stay the same.
Replacing the aluminum core of an electromagnet with an iron core would make it to become a stronger electromagnet.
What is an electromagnet?An electromagnet refers to a magnet that is produced by electromagnetic induction. The core of an electromagnetic determines the overall strength of the electromagnet.
Since aluminum is a weaker magnet than iron, replacing the aluminum core of an electromagnet with an iron core would make it to become a stronger electromagnet.
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According to the gate control theory of pain, the structure that is the likely location of the gate is: Group of answer choices the substantia gelatinosa. the ventral horns of the spinal cord. the transverse section of the medulla. supraspinal nerve endings.
According to the gate control theory of pain, the structure that is the likely location of the gate is the substantia gelatinous.
What is substantia gelatinous?A group of cells called the substance gelatinosa can be found in the spinal cord's gray matter (dorsal horns). It receives direct input from the dorsal (sensory) nerve roots, particularly those fibers from pain and thermoreceptors, and is present at all levels of the cord.The spinal cord has a system that permits pain signals to be amplified in the brain before being processed at the spinal cord itself, or attenuated there, in accordance with the Gate Control Theory of Pain.The "gate" is the device that either permits or forbids the transmission of pain signals.To feel intense pain if the gates are more open since many more pain signals will flow through to the brain. The likelihood that you will feel less discomfort increases as the gates are more tightly shut.
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Ms. C has recently received a heart transplant. Unfortunately, she is producing large quantities of antibodies against antigens in the donor heart. From what is Ms. C suffering
Answer: she is suffering from something called rejection syndrome
Explanation:
hope this helped a bit
How much time does it take for a 1-solar-mass protostar to reach the main sequence?
a. 10–100 million years
b. less than 10,000 years
c. 100,000 to 1 million years
d. 1–10 billion years
a. 10–100 million years is the answer.
Solar mass stars are thought to accrete rapidly. Premain sequence solar mass protostars are probably formed by the collapse of part of a molecular cloud into the "cloud core" in about 105 years (Hartmann, 2000). Strong outflows and jets are sometimes observed.
Star formation begins with the collapse of molecular clouds and fragmentation into highly dense masses. These masses initially contain about 0.01 solar masses, but increase in mass as the surrounding matter is collected by accretion.
Protostars are very young stars, still collecting mass from their original molecular clouds. The protostar stage is the earliest in the process of stellar evolution.
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What is pulmonary respiration? I need this answer ASAP pls
Answer:
The breath through the lungs is called pulmonary respiration.
Explanation:
The mechanism of lung breathing: Includes breathing movement, exchange of gases, lungs, transport of gases through the blood and exchange of gas by tissue. Breathing Movement.
fossil fuel and nuclear plants both heat warer in order to turn into __?
Hello,
fossil fuel and nuclear plants both heat water in order to turn into turbines.
A usable dilution of disinfectant is one that prevents growth of bacteria when compared with the positive control tube. reduces the growth of bacteria when compared to the positive control tube. increases the growth of bacteria when compared to the positive control tube.
When compared to the positive control, a disinfectant dilution is considered to be useful if it stops bacterial growth.
Choosing a disinfectant:
When selecting a disinfectant, keep the following things in mind:
The range of bacteria that need to be eliminated. Look into the specifications of the manufacturers.The conditions of usage of disinfectant.Application of disinfectants :
Activity: it is necessary for efficient disinfection since, once diluted, it degrades over time. Different disinfectants deteriorate at different rates. Obtain data from the manufacturers. Disinfectants that don't have a color indication, like Virkon, should be marked with an expiration date.Touch time: it has to be verified that the manufacturer's data to make sure the organism stays in contact for the specified amount of time. Considering that solid materials like cells and tissue granules are difficult for disinfectants to penetrate, autoclaving would be a more effective way to inactivate.Therefore the correct choice is an option (A).
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Based on your ph testing results, can you categorize either of the microbes as acidophiles, neutrophiles, or alkaliphiles? explain your answer in relation to data table 2
Bacteria are classified according to the pH range in which they can grow. Neutrophile pH range: 5.5 - 8. Acidophile pH range: 0 - 5.5. Alkaliphiles pH range: 7.5 - 11.
Note: Since I did not find the table 2, I will explain what the classification of bacteria is, and propose examples for you to understand. Then, you will have to make your classification according to the table.
What is bacteria classification concerning pH?
Bacteria are cells that have different environmental requirements. Concerning pH, most bacteria have an acidic range in which they can grow keeping constant their internal pH level.
According to their pH requirement, bacteria can be classified as,
NeutrophilesThese cells can grow in environments in which pH is around the neutral pH level ⇒ 5.5 - 8
AcidophilesThese are bacteria that grow in acid environments with pH inferior to the neutral pH level ⇒ 0 - 5.5
AlkaliphilesThese bacteria grow in basic environments with pH superior to the neutral pH level ⇒ 7.5 - 11
Examples,
Bacteria pH range Classification
Escherichia coli 6-8 neutrophiles
Salmonella spp 5-8 neutrophiles
Lactobacillus acidophilus 4-6.5 acidophiles
Vibrio cholerae 8-11 alkaliphiles
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what is a benefit of genetic engineering
A: Does not require any technology.
B: Supported by long term research.
C: No controversy surrounding its use.
D: Can produce non naturally occurring traits.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
the other answers are incorrect
The leverage of the biceps brachii applies its force six times closer to the fulcrum (elbow joint) than the resistance. this means it will need to exert ________ kg of force to support a load of 6 kg.
The leverage of the biceps brachii applies its force six times closer to the fulcrum (elbow joint) than the resistance. this means it will need to exert 36 kg of force to support a load of 6 kg.
The triceps brachii (TB) is the only muscle that lies along the posterior humerus. It is a 3-headed, fusiform muscle that, on the shoulder, works in a third-elegance lever since the force is implemented among the joint axis and the weight.
Within the elbow joint, the triceps brachii muscle attaches to the olecranon method of the ulna posterior to the elbow joint. While the triceps contract, it pulls the olecranon procedure proximally, swinging the ulna distally and lengthening the forearm.
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The terrestrial invertebrates, such as the insects of the Carboniferous grew very large. They evolved many innovations such as specialized mouthparts, and the new ability to _______.
They evolved many innovations such as specialized mouthparts, and the new ability to fly.
What is the Carboniferous period?The Carboniferous period is the period that existed between 350 - 300 million years ago.
Some terrestrial invertebrates which are air-breathing insects, myriapods and arachnids are known to have existed in that era.
With time these insects tend to develop new features through mutations and natural selection leading to;
Development of specialised mouthparts that helps in feeding andThe ability to fly.Natural selection is defined as the process that is used by organisms to adapt properly especially to a new environment which helps them to reproduce and survive.
Mutation is defined as the change in the genetic sequence of a chromosome.
Therefore, the terrestrial invertebrates, such as the insects of the Carboniferous evolved many innovations such as specialized mouthparts, and the new ability to fly.
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What kind of traits found in a group of organisms provides the strongest evidence for common ancestry of that group?
What kind of traits found in a group of organisms provides the strongest evidence for common ancestry of that group? Although the characteristics are similar, they serve various purposes in the group members.
What is common ancestry?The idea that all cellular life forms on earth share a single genesis is widely held. The universality of the genetic code and the universal conservation of several genes, especially those that code for essential elements of the translation system, support this viewpoint. By contrasting the capacity of a common-ancestry model with a multiple-ancestry model to predict the sequences of universally conserved proteins, an impressive recent work asserts to provide a formal, homology independent evaluation of the Universal Common Ancestry hypothesis.
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The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are?
The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are ingested and/or inhaled.
What are tonsils?The tonsils are structures located in the back of throat, which play diverse functions including immune responses.
The tonsils are well known to protect against microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses when they are found in the airways and gastrointestinal tract.
In conclusion, the main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infections agents that are ingested and/or inhaled.
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the drop down answers are
1.
cardiac
skeletal
smooth
2.
brain
muscle tissue
spinal cord
Answer:
1. skeletal
2. brain
A client is admitted with cellulitis and experiences a consequent increase in white blood cell count. during what process will pathogens be engulfed by white blood cells that ingest foreign particles?
During phagocytosis, pathogens are engulfed by white blood cells that ingest foreign particles.
In addition to being present in practically every type of cell in multicellular species, phagocytosis is a fundamental function for nourishment in unicellular creatures. But only a specific class of cells known as professional phagocytes are highly effective at phagocytosis. These specialized cells include osteoclasts, neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Professional phagocytes are in charge of clearing pathogens from the environment and presenting antigens to lymphocytes to trigger an adaptive immune response. Fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells are referred to as non-professional phagocytes since they are only capable of performing phagocytosis with poor efficiency.learn more about phagocytosis here: https://brainly.com/question/12977970
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If a mutation occurs when forming a _____, the mutation could be passed on to the next generation.
If a mutation occurs when forming a germ cell the mutation could be passed on to the next generation. If a gene is altered in a germ cell, the mutation is termed a germinal mutation. Because germ cells give rise to gametes, some gametes will carry the mutation and it will be passed on to the next generation when the individual successfully mates.
A mutation passed to the next generation when acquired mutation occurs in an egg or sperm cell. Once an acquired mutation is passed down, it is a hereditary mutation. Acquired mutations are not passed down if they occur in the somatic cells, meaning body cells other than sperm cells and egg cells.
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____________________ theory is the theory that proposes that chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from certain types of bacteria that eukaryotic cells engulfed.
The endosymbiotic theory proposed that the mitochondria and the chloroplast evolve from some types of bacteria which the eukaryotic cells engulfed.
The endosymbiotic theory tries to explain how the eukaryotic cells came into existence from prokaryotic cells. According to this theory, the eukaryotic organelles like the mitochondria and the chloroplasts were actually free living prokaryotes and were taken in one after the other via endosymbiosis.
This theory has been backed by evidences which establish the phylogenetic similarity between mitochondria and bacteria and also between chloroplast and cyanobacteria. The evidences include the presence of circular DNA in both chloroplast as well as the mitochondria and also the fact they divide by binary fission like bacteria.
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The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore?
The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore option A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates.
What is true about the presence of five digits on hands and feet?The occurrence of the five digits on both the hands and feet i known to be a kind of a primitive mammalian trait, and it is one that can also be seen in majority of primates.
Note that a lot of animals around in the world today are known to only have five digits (in the fingers or toes). The act of having five fingers in in a lot of cases is seen mostly as a recessive trait.
Therefore, The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore option A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates is correct.
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The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore:
Group of answer choices
A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates
B .the only truly distinctive primate trait
C. characteristic only of apes and humans
D. characteristic only of primates
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Hemiplegia is the Group of answer choices paralysis of the side of the body that is contralateral to the injured brain region. paralysis of the side of the body that is ipsilateral to the injured brain region. loss of sensory feedback from the side of the body that is contralateral to the injured brain region. loss of sensory feedback from the side of the body that is ipsilateral to the injured brain region.
Hemiplegia is the paralysis of the side of the body that is contralateral to the injured brain region.
Hemiplegia is a condition brought about by brain damage or spinal cord injury that prompts loss of motion on one side of the body. That outcomes in a fluctuating level of weakness, stiffness (spasticity), and absence of control on affected side of the body. The effects of hemiplegia relying upon the area and degree of the injury. The definition comes from the Greek 'Hemi' = half.
Hemiparesis on the contralateral side of the body, since the corticospinal tract projects dominatingly to the contralateral side of the body. Harm to the right half of the mind influences the left half of the body, and harm to the left half of the cerebrum influences the right half of the body.
Loss of motion happens on the body inverse to the side of the brain in which the causal lesion happens.
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Which of the below features was not used to identify the early Homo distinction from Australopithecines
The correct answer is reduction in tooth size.
The anatomy of the foot and pelvis are the feature of Australopithecus afarensis that is used to definitively classify this species as a hominin.
AustralopithecinesAustralopithecines are an adaptive radiation of early hominins, all of which were to some extent bipedal, had brains that were only slightly larger than those of apes, and had adaptations to a diet that included at least occasionally hard-to-chew items. They have been identified through research on perhaps ten species that lived in central, eastern, and southern Africa between 4.2 million and 1.0 million years ago. Understanding australopithecines is essential to comprehending not only the diversity of early hominins but also the origins of Homo. Our genus Homo probably originated from this radiation, albeit we are unsure from which species.
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