what are the two quantities in this module for which we will develop unit factors to do dimensional analysis with chemical substances?

Energy is released when glycolysis occurs, and this energy is utilized to create four molecules of ATP. As a result, glycolysis produces a net gain of two ATP molecules.

The metabolic mechanism that transforms glucose to pyruvate is known as glycolysis. This free energy is utilized to create the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Glycolysis is a series of 10 enzyme-catalyzed processes. The initial stage in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism is glycolysis. Glycolysis is divided into two phases: energy-requiring and energy-releasing. Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to create energy. It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water. The process occurs in a cell's cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. It can be found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Here,

When glycolysis happens, energy is released, and this energy is used to build four molecules of ATP. As a result of this, glycolysis generates a net gain of two ATP molecules.

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Almost all of the oxygen (O2) one consumes in breathing is converted to: b. carbon dioxide (CO2).

When we breathe in oxygen, it is used in cellular respiration, which is the process by which our body converts glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP. In the process, the oxygen is combined with the hydrogen atoms from glucose to form water, and the carbon atoms from glucose are converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product. Therefore, almost all of the oxygen that one consumes in breathing is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2).Breathing is the process by which an organism takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide. In humans and other mammals, this process is accomplished through the respiratory system, which includes the nose, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. When we inhale, air is drawn into the lungs through the nose or mouth, passing through the trachea and bronchi before reaching the alveoli, which are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

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Answer:

a process where the products released in one reaction are the stimuli and reactants for another reaction

Explanation:

A chemical reaction is described as a process in which the products promote or spread the reaction, which may accelerate dramatically under certain conditions.

Answer: chain reaction

Explanation: a chain reaction is a series of chemical reactions where the products of the reaction contribute to the reactants of another reaction. as a series of events that are each caused by the previous event. If a trash can falls over and this scares a cat who then jumps and knocks over a glass of water, thats a chain reaction. The trash can fall is the initial event, and the end result is the glass getting knocked over.

The concentration terms are molality, normality and mole fraction. Molarity can be used to find out the ionic strength of any solution. Therefore, the concentration of sulfate ion is 1.15 M.

Molarity can be calculated by dividing number of moles of solute by volume of solution in litre. Molarity is affected by temperature. Its unit is mole/liter. It measure the concentration of any solute in a solution.

K₂SO₄[tex]\rightarrow[/tex]2K⁺ + SO₄²⁻

concentration of potassium sulfate=concentration of potassium ion=concentration of sulfate ion

1.15 M =concentration of potassium ion=concentration of sulfate ion

Therefore, the concentration of sulfate ion is 1.15 M.

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A proposed explanation for an observation is theory. Option C is the correct answer.

This refers to a carefully articulated explanation for observations of the natural world that have been arranged using the scientific method, gathering many facts and hypotheses.

A proposed explanation for an observation is a statement or theory that attempts to explain or account for an observation. It is a possible explanation for a phenomenon and is often based on available evidence, research, and data. It may be tested and refined through further observation and experimentation to determine its accuracy and validity.

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The compound below that would contain polar covalent bonds is : B. N2O only .

Polar covalent bond is a covalent bond in which electron density is unevenly shared between the two bonded atoms, due to the difference in electronegativity or due to the inductive effects.

An example of a polar bond is the bond in water between hydrogen and oxygen and bond is classified as polar bond because it has a large electronegativity difference of 1.4. Electrons in hydrogen are more attracted to the electrons in oxygen as oxygen is more electronegative.

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The amount of heat involved per gram of potato chip burned is 8388J when a 75g of a potato chip are burned in a calorimeter that contains 2L of water initially at 297K.

Given mass of potato chips burned = 75g

Mass of water (m) = 2L = 2000g

Initial temperature (T1) = 297K - 273 = 24oC.

Final temperature after combustion (T2) = 12oC

We know that q = mC∆T where q is heat and C is specific heat of water =  4.2J/g/oC.

q = 2000 x 4.2 x (24-12)

q = 8388J

Hence the heat evolved per gram of potato chip burned is 8388J

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Answer:

Stomata

Explanation:

Stomata are epithelial cell structures found in tree leaves and needles that help promote plant growth and exchange carbon dioxide and water with the surrounding environment.

Stomata are tiny holes in the epidermis of leaves.

Stomata allow for gaseous exchange as well (oxygen and carbon dioxide).

Some examples of evidence that support Darwin's theories of evolution and natural selection , such as fossils and similarities between related living organisms.

Darwin employed certain sorts of evidence to support his hypothesis of natural selection, and these types of evidence are still used today. Examples include fossils and similarities between related living animals. Others, like DNA analysis, were unavailable to Darwin's generation but are now employed by scientists to further our understanding of evolution.  evidence supporting evolution: fossil strata, remains of extinct organisms, similarities between current-day organisms, DNA similarities, and embryonic similarity. Artificial selection, or breeding, is a crucial sort of evidence that Darwin looked at and is being looked at and employed today.

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164 g is the molar mass of the gas that had passed through.

Effusion is defined as the pace at which a volume changes over time. We apply Graham's Law to determine the rate of gas diffusion. According to this law, the rate of a gas's effusion or diffusion is inversely related to the gas's molar mass squared.

[tex]\frac{Rate Gas 1}{Rate Gas 2}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{ \sqrt{MW gas 2} }{ \sqrt{MW gas 1} }[/tex]

Let gas 1 be Oxygen so  Molar mass = 32 g / mol

Let x be gas 2.  Molar mass = unknown

rate gas 1 = 7.41 ml/unit time

rate gas 2 = 3.47 ml / unit time

So, 7.41 / 3.47 = [tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

2.135 = s[tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

 [tex]\sqrt{x}[/tex] = 12.81

so, x = 164 = molar mass of unknown gas

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Thermal energy always moves from higher energy area to lower energy area over a temperature gradient.

Thermal energy is a form of energy by virtue of temperature of a body. As the temperature of a body increase its thermal energy increases. Thermal energy or heat energy transfers though medium and vacuum from higher energy area to lower energy area.

Heat transfer can be through conduction in solids, convection in fluids and by radiation through space. In conduction, the thermal energy easily transfers through a chain of close packed molecules.

In all these mode of heat transfer heat energy is flowing from a hotter region to a colder region.

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A meterstick is used to measure things in meters and centimeters.

Meterstick is the measurement tool that measures one meter (hundred centimeters) and is used to measure the things in meters and centimeters. Metersticks are often rectangular and tin, and it is made up of wood or metal. Metal ones are often backed with a 'grippy' material such as cork, to improve the friction. Metersticks are usually divided within the lines for each millimeter (1000 per meter) and the numerical markings as per centimeter (100 per meter), with the numbers either in centi- or millimeter. It is a large ruler used for measuring the size or the distance using the metric scale.

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Lystrosaurus and Glossopteris are two pieces of fossil evidence support the idea of continental drift.

One of the geologist's first theories about how continents moved over time was continental drift.  The science of plate tectonics has been largely supplanted the hypothesis of the continental drift. Alfred Wegener has been most closely associated with the continental drift idea. Wegener released a paper in the early twentieth century describing his notion that continental landmasses were "drifting" across the Earth, occasionally ploughing through seas and into one other. He developed the term "continental drift" to describe this process.

Wegener found similarities in the coasts of eastern South America as western Africa and hypothesised that those countries had originally been part of a supercontinent called Pangaea, which had separated and travelled many kilometres away over geologic time. He also mentioned nearly comparable fossil creatures and rock layers that happened on vastly different continents. Colbert discovered Lystrosaurus fossils in the Transantarctic Mountains of Antarctica. Such fossils belonged to something like a species previously discovered in Africa, proving that the world's two most distant continents were formerly linked.

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Answer: C. Lystrosaurus and Glossopteris

Explanation:

The acceleration of the mass is 8.0 m/s² when an unbalanced 16.0 N force is applied to a 2.0 kg mass.

To calculate the acceleration of the mass, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma).

We know that the force acting on the object is 16.0 N, and the mass of the object is 2.0 kg. So, we can use the equation to solve for the acceleration:

a = F ÷ m

where, a = acceleration, F = force (16.0 N), m = mass (2.0 kg)

So,

a = 16.0 N ÷ 2.0 kg = 8.0 m/s²

Therefore, the acceleration of the mass is 8.0 m/s²

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P4O10(s) + H2O(l) --> H3PO4(aq)

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The balloon has a capacity of 0.7 L after being heated to 250°C.

We utilize the Charles' Law equation to determine the system's ultimate volume. According to this rule, the volume of a gas under constant pressure is precisely proportional to its temperature.

Mathematically,

V1/T1 = V2/T2

where,

V1 and T1 are the gas's starting volume and temperature.

V2 and T2 are the gas's ultimate volume and temperature.

We receive:

V1 = 0.4L

T1 = 20.C = (20 + 273)K = 293K

V2=?

T2 = 250.C = (250 + 273)K + 523)K

Using the values in the equation above, we obtain:

0.4/293 = V2/523

V2 = 0.7L.

As a result, the balloon has a capacity of 0.7 L after being heated to 250°C.

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The number of coffee cups that would be required to fill the enormous coffee cup would be 32 cups.

The world's largest cup of coffee can hold 2010 gallons of coffee as recorded in Las Vegas.

A normal coffee cup will only hold as much as 237 mL of coffee. Recall that:

If 1 gallon = 3.78541 L

  2010 gallons = 2010 x 3.78541

                         = 7608.6741 L

In other words, the coffee cup with the record size will hold a maximum of 7608.6741 L of coffee while a normal coffee cup will only hold 237 mL. The problem now is the number of number coffee cups that will fill the world's record largest coffee.

7608.6741/237 = 32.10

Therefore, the number of normal coffee cups that would be required to fill the enormous coffee cup would be approximately 32 cups.

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As the number of carbon atoms increases the phase changes from gas to liquid,length of chain increases and also the boiling point increases in case of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.

An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.

The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.

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Newton's law of motion that act upon the vehicles at the point of impact is the second law of motion.

Newton's second law of motion states that the force applied to an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum that is produced. Mathematically, we have;

F = m·v - m·u/Δt

Where;

m = The mass of the object

v = The final velocity of the object

u = The initial velocity of the object

Δt = The duration of motion of the object during change in velocity

Therefore, given that the mass, 'M', of the truck is larger than the mass, 'm', of the minivan, where the time of change in velocity Δt, and the initial and final velocities of both automobiles are the same such as in a sudden stop, the garbage ruck will exert more force than the minivan, and therefore, the garbage truck has a greater initial momentum before the automobiles are brought to a stop.

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The robber is driving at a constant velocity of 90 mph and is not accelerating/decelerating, which means their acceleration is 0 mph/sec.

A vector quantity that has magnitude and direction is velocity. In time, it is the rate at which the displacement changes. You can calculate speed using the formula speed = distance/time. This is a way of measuring how fast something is moving in a particular direction. Acceleration, or the rate at which an object's velocity changes, is closely related to velocity. As a vector quantity, velocity has both direction and magnitude. To maintain constant velocity, the object must be moving in the same direction at a constant velocity.

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The complete question is as follows:

A bank robber is driving north on Catchem Lane at 90 mph to avoid be arrested. Calculate:

Speed

Velocity

Acceleration

A 10.150 grams sample of a compound containing only phosphorus and oxygen which indicates a phosphorus content of 4.433 grams has the empirical formula P₂O₅.

An Empirical formula is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of different atoms present in the molecule of a compound.

given,

mass of the unknown compound= 10.150 g

mass of phosphorus= 4.433 g

therefore, mass of oxygen

=mass of the unknown compound -  mass of phosphorus

=10.150-4.433 g

=5.717 g

we know that

molar mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol

molar mass of phosphorus = 31 g/mol

number of moles of oxygen

=mass/molar mass

=5.717g/16gmol⁻¹

=0.357

number of moles of phosphorus

= mass/molar mass

= 4.433g/31gmol⁻¹

=0.143

Now, we will divide the moles by the smallest number of moles (0.143)

O= 0.357 / 0.143 =2.49≈ 2.5

P= 0.143 /0.143 = 1

now, we will multiply both numbers by 2 to get the simplest whole number ratio

O= 2.5×2= 5

P= 1×2= 2

Thus, the empirical formula is P₂O₅.

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Atoms are basically the smallest units of matter. They are made up of  protons, neutrons and electrons.

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements which are organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. The periodic table lists the elements in order of increasing atomic number and grouped into rows (periods) and columns (groups). The elements in the same column have similar chemical properties, with the elements in the same row having similar outer electron configurations.

Atom X: Number of protons = 6

Atom Y: Number of protons = 6

b. Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table.

Hence, Option B is correct.

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The question is:

Question 3 (5 points) (02.06 MC) The table compares some characteristics of two atoms_ Charged Particles Atom Number 0f Neutrons Mass Number] Use the table t0 determine the number of protons for each atom: Then_ choose the statement below that Is true about the two atoms_ points) Atom X and Atom are in the same row; but not the same family; on the periodic table Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table; Atom Xis in a column to the right of Atom Y in the periodic table: Atom X and Atom occupy the same position in the periodic table because they are isotopes.

The amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts is -1705.64 kJ.

The equation given is the balanced equation for the combustion of methanol (CH4O) with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H20). The value of ΔΗ given (-726 kJ) is the enthalpy change for the reaction, which represents the amount of heat released or absorbed when the reaction occurs.

To calculate the amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts, we need to use the equation: q = n x ΔΗ where,

We know that the molar mass of CH4O is 32.04 g/mol, so we can convert 75 g to moles using the following formula: n = m/M where,

So, n = 75 / 32.04 = 2.34 moles

Using this value of n in the equation above, we can calculate the heat released as q = 2.34 x -726 = -1705.64 kJ

Therefore, -1705.64 kJ of heat is released when 75 g of CH4O reacts.

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The methods used to monitor a reaction as it occurs in the reaction flask are d) all the above

A polarimeter is an analytical hardware component that measures the polarization of light and is used to analyze the optical activity of chemicals. Optical activity refers to the ability of a material to rotate polarized light and the extent to which such a phenomenon occurs.

A spectrometer is one of the scientific instrument/method used to separate and measure the spectral components of physical phenomena. A spectrometer is a broad term often used to describe an instrument that measures a continuous variable of a phenomenon whose spectral components are mixed in some way.

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0.002 liters of 225 M Na2S solution is required to completely react with 81.8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3

Starting from the balanced equation of the reaction and the molar mass of iron (III) acetate (Fe(C2H3O2)3, first the reacting moles of this compound are determined, then the amount of reacting moles of sodium sulfide (Na2S) is determined and finally the amount of solution that contains said amount of moles.

3Na2S + 2Fe(C2H3O2)3 → 6NaC2H3O2 + Fe2S3

This determination is made in three steps:

If 233.00 g of Fe(C2H3O2)3 is equivalent to 1 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3

So 81. 8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3 equals x mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3

X mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 81. 8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3 x 1 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 / 233.00 g of Fe(C2H3O2)3

X mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 0.351 mol

If 2 moles of Fe(C2H3O2)3 react with 3 moles of Na2S

Then 0.351 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 reacts with x mol of Na2S

X mol of Na2S = 0.351 mol Fe(C2H3O2)3 x 3 mol of Na2S / 2 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 0.526 mol

If there are 225 moles of Na2S in 1 liter of solution

So there are 0.526 moles of Na2S in x liter of solution.

X liter of solution = 0.526 mol of Na2S x 1 liter of solution / 225 mol of Na2S = 0.0023 liters, that is, 2.3 ml

Therefore, 0.0023 liters of 225M Na2S solution is required.

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In addition to respiration, a process known as guttation involves the loss of liquid water from a plant's healthy leaf or stem, mostly through water stomata.

The physiological loss of water . water of water vapor, mostly from the stomata of leaves, but also by evaporation first from surfaces of leaf tissue, flowers, and stems, is known as transpiration.

Additionally, by providing evaporative cooling, vegetation transpiration makes a major contribution to the energy balance of the leaf. Additionally, transpiration speeds up the movement of nutrients and water from roots to the shoots. Transpiration occurs when water vapor leaves a plant through the stomata.

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3.88 grams of sodium azide are required to form 5.00 g of nitrogen gas.

In order to determine how many grams of sodium azide are required to form 5.00 g of nitrogen gas, we can use the balanced equation for the reaction:

2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)

We can start by converting the given amount of nitrogen gas to moles:

5.00 g N2 x (1 mol N2 / 28.00 g N2) = 0.1786 mol N2

We know that the reaction produces 3 moles of N2 for every 2 moles of NaN3 that are used, so we can use the following ratio to find the number of moles of NaN3 required:

0.1786 mol N2 / 3 mol N2 = 0.0596 mol NaN3

Finally, we can convert moles of NaN3 back to grams using the molar mass of NaN3:

0.0596 mol NaN3 x (64.99 g NaN3 / 1 mol NaN3) = 3.88 g NaN3

So, 3.88 grams of sodium azide are required to form 5.00 g of nitrogen gas.

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The limiting reactant, O₂, forms 2.7 mole Al₂O₃. Therefore, the mass of Al₂O₃ is 280 g.

The term mole (M) is defined as the amount of substance in a system which include as many elementary entities as there are atoms present in it. It is denoted by the symbol “mol”. The word mole is coming from the Latin word moles, which means “a mass”.

Molar Mass of Al₂O₃ = 101.96 g/mol

2.7 mole Al₂O₃          101.96 g

------------------------  x  -------------------    

             X                       1 mole

= 280 g Al₂O₃

Thus, The limiting reactant, O₂, forms 2.7 mole Al₂O₃. Therefore, the mass of Al₂O₃ is 280 g.

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Answer:

joules.

Explanation:

A measure of the total internal heat content.

which could be exothermic or endothermic