what do you understand by valency electron and valency shell?










what is octet rule ?​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The tendency of elements by which they try to maintain eight electrons in their valence shell either by transfer or sharing of electrons is called octet rule.

The total number of electron which present in valence shell are called valency electron

The outermost shell of an atom from where loss or gain of electron takes places is called valency shell

Answer 2

Subatomic particles are the building blocks of atoms. They include protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom and the electrons are located on shells that surround the nucleus.

Valance electrons are the electrons on the outermost shell of an atom, the valance shell.

Each shell that surrounds the nucleus can only hold up to a certain number of electrons. For example, the first shell, the shell closest to the nucleus, can only hold up to 2 electrons. The second shell can hold up to 8 electrons and this is the same with the third shell.

Atoms can have a different number of shells. For example, hydrogen atoms have 1 shell that has 1 electron. Fluorine atoms have 2 shells with 2 electrons on the first shell and 7 electrons on the second.

The octet rule states that atoms prefer to have a full valance shell, meaning that the number of valance electrons on its outermost shell is maxed out. For example, hydrogen would prefer to gain 1 electron and have 2 electrons on its valance shell, since it only has 1 shell and the first shell only needs 2 to be maxed out. Fluorine would prefer to gain 1 electron and have 8 electrons on its valance shell since it has 2 shells and the second shell needs 8 electrons to be maxed out.

I hope this helps!


Related Questions

Which problem will a country that tries to create a self-sufficient economy most likely experience?

Answers

Answer:

It increased the opportunity for failing to specialize

Explanation:

When a country want to create a self-sufficient economy, it need to identify the different types and amount of resources that it possess. After that, they need to design their economy to focus on producing goods/services that can be accommodated by the available resources. We refer to this process as specialization.

If the country is successful in the specialization , it will produce a specific type of goods with lower cost and higher profit margin that will benefit them in international trades. The income from that sales can be used to buy other goods that can't be produced in the country.

But if they fail, that country will put itself in a position where it will waste a lot of potential source of income while having to purchase other varieties of products from different countries.

Answer:

A . Increased opportunity costs for failing to specialize.

Explanation:

what is drinking water ​

Answers

Sawarasenai kimi wa shoujo na no? bökù Wâ ÿariçhiñ bįcchī ńo osû dà yo

Answer:

The highest quality of H2o, and its drinkable (no salt all clean)

HELP ASAP PLSSSSSSSSSSSS

Read the research plan for an argumentative essay.

Topic: Voting age

Research Question: Why is the voting age 18 in the United States?

Sources: Print (newspapers, journals), nonprint (in-person interview with a congressional representative)

Location: Library

What information is missing from the research plan?
claim
outline
strategy
evidence

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Because i just took test

What is the need and importance of public awareness in tackling social problems and evils?​

Answers

Answer:

public awareness is the important measure in solving social problems and evils because if we conduct awareness program then it makes people more conscious ,alert ,attentive to bring change in our society and transform a society in progress.

Explanation:

How does trade compare today from back then?

Answers

Answer:

B Is the answer

Explanation:

Answer:

Before trade today, they would trade spices, fur, and other resources that were essential. Many ports today are equipped to handle ships several times larger than any cargo vessel used during this period.

Explanation:

Good Luck!

Which of the following is most closely related to gravity
O A) distance
O B) mass
OC) weight
O D) speed

Answers

Answer:

in my opinion i think it's the mass however it could also be the weight or speed or even the distance

Explanation:

Hope it helped!

The most closely related to gravity is weight

Weight is commonly described as the amount (measure) of the gravitational force that is in a object.

The force that is acting on an object is subject to gravity. The weight of an object is often measured with the use of a spring-balance and the unit is newtons .

Conclusively, why weight is closer to gravity is because weight is due to gravitational force acting on it

Learn more from

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what are the effects of watching TV?

Answers

Answer:

it causes eye problem

It happens that watching too much television may increase your risk of developing Alzheimer's/dementia and cause brain damage. Into the bargain, the negative effects of too much TV time could show up much sooner than previously thought, according to a recent Washington Post article.

Explanation:

Tag me brainliest and follow me if my answer is the best, thank my answers also

which religion is janaja related to​

Answers

Answer:

Hiduism..................

True or false?the Nile,congo,and,Niger rivers are the three most important rivers for commerce,trade,transportation and fresh water.

Answers

Answer:

i'm still trying to figure out the answer to !

Explanation:

Answer:

its true

Explanation:

I just took the test

what type of relationship do two people who work the same job share.
A. Flexible
B. Horizontal
C. Management
D. vertical

Answers

B) hope this helpssss

How did the feelings of the people in russia in 1917 help the February revolution to succeed?

Answers

Answer: Most of the Russians were upset because of the food shortage. This helped the revolution succeed was that many people were upset with the government that a revolution was appealing. 4.

Explanation:

Answer:

The people in Russia were suffering from poverty and they had no political influence to change their situation.

Explanation:

What American frigate destroyed the British vessels the Guerrière and the Java?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

USS Constitution

USS Constitution vs HMS Guerrier was an action between the two ships during the War of 1812, approximately 400 miles southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia. It took place shortly after war had broken out.

write any five function to be done by the society to preserve the nation,nationality and nation unity?​

Answers

Answer: Preservation of culture, tradition, historical values, language and national unity.

Explanation:

There are many elements that make up a certain national identity, and the elements listed above are basic. The formation of national identity began with two major historical events. These are primarily the French Revolution and the American Revolutionary War. In order to preserve the national identity, it is necessary to maintain all the mentioned elements. Preservation of national identity is carried out through political and institutional activities, but also through social and societal activities.

why did Congress pass the Tenure of Office Act​

Answers

Answer: The Tenure of Office Act was a United States federal law (in force from 1867 to 1887) that was intended to restrict the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of the Senate. The law was enacted on March 2, 1867, over the veto of President Andrew Johnson.

Explanation:

Karen was abused by her father at the age of 5. At age 5, she developed a severe separation anxiety reaction whenever her mother tried to leave. As an adult, Karen developed a dissociative disorder due to the same abuse. This is an example of how the same factor, in this case, abuse, can be

Answers

Answer:

both a proximal and a distal causal factor

Explanation:

Etiology as the causal pattern of an abnormal behavior. There are many causal patterns of abnormal behavior. They includes:

A proximal causal factors is that causal factors that operate shortly before the symptoms of a disorder actually occurs. A rushing disappointment at workplace is a proximal causal factor of depression.

Distal causal factors is simply that causal factors that happens mostly early in life but may not show their effects for many years. It may add to a predisposition to develop a disorder An example is when an individual loss of parent early in life.

2. Name one of the other states where
were these lands were located in
relations to modern times)
Florida
Mississippi
Tennessee
Texas

Answers

Answer:

mississippi

Explanation:

In the specific factors model, a country's production possibility frontier is ________ because of _______

Answers

Answer:

a curved line; diminishing marginal returns

Explanation:

Specific Factors Model is simply a model answers the question below: How trade affect the earnings of labor, land and capital, We turn our focus to the Home and Foreign countries with slightly different assumptions. Its assumptions includes

A. countries: Home and Foreign

B. 2 goods: Manufactured goods and Agricultural goods

C. 3 factors: Labor, Land and capital. Manufacturing sector uses labor and capital only, while the agricultural sector uses land and labor only. (specific factors). And others.

The model givves new perspectives on the sharing of the profits from trade within a country.

Which of the following was NOT a major factor in the growth of cities in the United States?

O Factory jobs
O Plentiful farm land
O Transportation systems
O Proximity to ocean, rivers and lakes
(pick one)

Answers

Answer:

b plentiful farmland

Explanation:

citys are most know for being more north and farms are downsouth were not many people moved too in fact people in the south moved away from the south to get to the north because of the job opportunity in the north

Which humanist idea affected Renaissance society? Reason is secondary to rational thought. People are basically good at their core. Reason is secondary to faith and truth.

Answers

Answer: People are basically good at their core

Explanation:

Renaissance Society was developed on 1915 by the University of Chicago faculty. This was created to gather new ideas related to culture and arts. It emphasis over the good education and well development of people in terms of nobility. The humanist idea which affected this society was people are basically good in their inner core.

Answer:

B) People are basically good at their core.

Explanation:

Edge 2022

When giving a speech in class, you spend most of the first five minutes wondering what your audience is thinking of you. This is a good example of _____, whereas instead of thinking about what you are saying you are focusing on your audience.

Answers

Answer: Driven by distraction

Explanation:

Giving speeches or presentation is tasking and should be calculative. The speaker looks out for how he can beat the audience to getting their attention after he has done this he then presents his speech or presentation and drives home his message, the first few moment of pondering on how to beat the crowd is known as driven by distraction

Laszlo suddenly begins trembling, sweating and having heart palpitations as he enters the convention center where he is scheduled to speak. He feels like he is losing control, and just wants to run away and hide. After breathing deeply and slowly for several minutes, the feeling subsides. What is Laszlo likely experiencing

Answers

Answer:

D. Panic attack

Explanation:

These are the options for the question

A. Generalized anxiety disorder

B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

C. A compulsion

D. Panic attack

From the question we are informed about Laszlo who suddenly begins trembling, sweating and having heart palpitations as he enters the convention center where he is scheduled to speak. He feels like he is losing control, and just wants to run away and hide. After breathing deeply and slowly for several minutes, the feeling subsides. In this case Laszlo likely experiencing Panic attack. panic attack can be regarded as a sudden intense fear which brings some severe reaction physically such as frightening, even though there is no real danger and there is no apparent cause. Someone experiencing panic attack will feel like he/she is loosing control or dying.

Select ALL the correct text in the passage.
Which three lines in this excerpt from Phillis Wheatley's poem "Goliath of Gath" contain examples of figurative language?
The hosts on two opposing mountains stood,
Thick as the foliage of the waving wood;
Between them an extensive valley lay,
O'er which the gleaming armour pour'd the day,
When from the camp of the Philistine foes,
Dreadful to view, a mighty warrior rose;
In the dire deeds of bleeding battle skill'd,

Answers

Answer:

Thick as the foliage of the waving wood;

O'er which the gleaming armour pour'd the day,

In the dire deeds of bleeding battle skill'd,

Explanation:

Waving wood, armour pour'd, and bleeding battle are all examples of figurative language

9. What historical event explains the high percentage of Catholics in contemporary Latin
America?
A. Colonization of the Americas by the Spanish and Portuguese
B. The relocation of the Pope's headquarters to Latin America
C. Increased migration from Great Britain to South America
D. English laws that require citizens to practice Catholicism

Answers

Answer:

A. . Colonization of the Americas by the Spanish and Portuguese

Explanation:

After conquering a certain territory, Spanish and Portuguese tend to force the people in that territory to follow several mandates:

- They need to abandon their own language and learn to communicate in Spanish / Portuguese.

- They need to learn about Spanish & Portuguese cultures

- They need to strictly adopt Catholics as their national religion.

Failure to follow this mandates will subjected them toward punishments from their colonizer. This explain why the vast majority of the people in contemporary Latin speak either Spanish or Portuguese and most of them are Catholics even to this day.

Many people overestimate how long they actually remain awake during restless nights because their moments of wakefulness are easier to recall than their moments of sleep. This best illustrates the impact of

Answers

Answer:

Availability Heuristic

Explanation:

Heuristic is simply a mental alternative that helps in our decisions and judgments processes usually quickly without having to spend a lot of time in research and analyzes of information. Its examples includes availability, representativeness, and base-rate heuristics.

The Availability Heuristic is said to be an intellectual or a mental alternative ( that is a shortcut) that aids in a decision making process usually based on how easy it is to bring something to mind. its meaning is that individuals sometimes rely on how cheap it is to think of examplesin a decision making process or judgment.

what were the differences in regards to sectionalism?

Answers

Answer:

Sectionalism in the 1800s In the early 1800s, sectionalism between the North and the South was based on slavery. As more time has passed, slavery became a greater issue.

Explanation:

when water evaporates it becomes ​

Answers

Answer:

the water becomes a solid

In the New South, Georgia's entrepreneurs moved the state toward..
industry.
agriculture.
health care.
higher education.

Answers

Answer:

Industry on edg.

Explanation:

Answer:

industry on edg

Explanation:

i already did the test

Which type of sexual harassment occurs when supervisors or coworkers use embarrassment, humiliation, or fear to create a negative climate that interferes with the ability of others to perform their jobs?

Answers

Answer:

hostile work environment

Explanation:

a hostile work environment which also exist under Labor law in US can be regarded as the behavior of individual in work place which create unpleasant environment which is not comfortable for another individual to carry out his work. It should be noted that hostile work environment gives room to sexual harassment which occurs when supervisors or coworkers use embarrassment, humiliation, or fear to create a negative climate that interferes with the ability of others to perform their jobs.

The genocide that occurred when the Young Turks took over was based on

class prejudice.
economic instability.
cultural prejudice.
political instability.

Answers

Answer:cultural prejudice

The genocide that occurred when the Young Turks took over was based on cultural prejudice.

What is genocide?

Genocide is defined as the global or intentional death of a vast number of somebodies from a definite nation or ethnical group with the mental object of destructing that nation or ethnic group.

This term was coined by Raphael Lemkin in 1944 combining the Greek word genos and the English suffix -cide. The genocide committed by the Young Turks was motivated by cultural intolerance.

Therefore, option C is correct.

Learn more about the genocide, refer to:

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What happens to Sinuhe in the land of Retenu?

Answers

Answer:

He got married and raised a family.

Note: Retenu is a former Egyptian name for Syria

Explanation:

The Narrative of Sinuhe was perhaps the first historic novel. It recounts a worker in the royal residence who catches a plot to execute the Pharaoh Amenemhet I. Expecting that he would be involved, he ran from Egypt and got comfortable Syria where he raised a family. Nonetheless, he missed Egypt frightfully and didn't wish to be buried abroad.

In the wake of intersection into Syria, Palestine, Sinuhe goes to various nations and afterward settles with a bedouin named Amunenshi, who gives Sinuhe his girl in marriage and land in a spot called Yaa. Sinuhe succeeds and has kids, just as more undertakings, and arrives at the finish of life. He decides then that he needs to re-visit Egypt for entombment. Sinuhe sends a letter to the lord, and the kind Senwosret I invites him back to Egypt with full distinctions.

Fortunately, Pharaoh Sesostris I exonerated him and permitted him to get back.

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What fraction is equivalent to 3/4 and has a denominator that is two times as great as the numerator and list common denominators. Please help me finding an information: why there is life on Earth Which of the following is characteristic of a traditional economy? 0 They have a high standard of living.0 Children tend to have the same job as their parents did.0 Communities tend to be fast growing.0 There are usually based on light industrial production. Write about the structural components of language by describing how phonemes, morphemes, grammar, syntax, and semantics work. Complete the statement with the appropriate symbol.1.42 _____ 1.420=> Tina feels out of control around food and often over-eats. After eating, she feels guilty and will go for a nine or ten mile run which type of eating disorderIs Tina likely suffering from?O Binge-eating disorderO Anorexia nervosaO Bulimia nervosaO Binge-bulimia nervosa Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. Which are powers of the federal government? Check all that apply.to print moneyto declare warto create an armyto establish schoolsto make treaties Which ordered pair represents the translation of R to S? slove for x(6x+4)+81+41 a granual substance having a smooth surface and sharp edges what makes a solution different from other mixtures? plz help Will mark the brainliestWhen a car of mass 1000kg is travelling along a level road at a steady speed of 20ms 1its engine is working at 18kW.Resultant force = 900N Braking Force = 3100N Gravity = 9.81By how much does this change if the car is travelling down the same hill at 20ms 1 ? Anyone know this answer? Why did / does popular culture portray cowboys the way they're shown? For the triangles shown, which detail would have to be given to prove them congruent by the Angle Angle Side congruence criteria? why did Boliver become a hero? Choose the best response to the following question.Which is NOT a way to say goodbye?Hasta luego.Hasta maana.Igualmente.Nos vemos. Somebody help um please help if i fail i will not pass The basic argument behind dissonance theory is that information that is inconsistent with a person's already-held attitudes and beliefs will create a psychological ______ that must be relieved.