In a pedigree, XY represents a male. Squares are also used to represent men. A pedigree analysis is a chart that depicts the inheritance of genes from parents to offspring in a family tree.
Linkage refers to the phenomenon of gene inheritance and the retention of parental gene combinations in offspring. The genes that are found on the same chromosome and are inherited together are known as linked genes, and the traits that they control are known as related traits.
A gene is a collection of deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) that is passed down from parents to children. A gene is made up of many nucleotides that code for different proteins. The DNA contains the genetic information required for the proteins.
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Many organisms, such as honeybees and livestock, have been domesticated for economic reasons. Which of the following best describes an unintended consequence of this practice
Domestication of many organisms, such as honeybees and livestock causes a decrease in the genetic diversity of the organisms.
Genetic diversity refers to the range of genetically different individuals that are present in the same species. Domestication is the process by which the wild animals as well as plants are adapted to the human environment.
Domestication of livestock and honeybees is often done for economic reasons. An unintended consequence of the process of domestication is the decrease in the genetic diversity of the species. This decreases leads to a decrease in the variation which reduces the survival advantage of these species.
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Describe the similarities and differences between alcoholic fermentation carried out by yeast to make alcoholic beverages and lactate-acid fermentation carried out within the human body. Source StylesFormatFontSize
The main difference between alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is that of their end-products.
The primary distinction between lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation is that the latter results in the production of ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide while the former yields lactic acid molecules from pyruvate.
Differences between the two processes include he following:
Pyruvate and lactate are produced directly after fermentation of lactic acid. Pyruvate is converted to ethanol by the two-step process of alcohol fermentation.End-products: Lactase and energy in lactic acid fermentation, while C02, alcohol, and energy in alcoholic fermentation are the end products. The enzymes involved in the fermentation processes of lactic acid are lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase. Pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase are the two enzymes required for alcoholic fermentation.Similarities between the two processes include the following:
The two pathways convert ATPs from the breakdown of glucose.The two processes' major objective is to recycle NAD+ in order to keep glycolysis going and allow for the NAD+ to be reduced back to NADH in the process.Both processes release heat energy and are exergonic.Each produces 4 ATPs during glycolysis, the same amount as the other.To know more about fermentation, refer to the following link:
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a) In which diagram (1 or 2) would the person be experiencing summer? Why?
b) In which diagram (1 or 2) would the person he be experiencing Winter? Why?
In diagram 1, the person would experience summer whereas, in diagram 2, the person would experience winter.
How earth's axis is responsible for different seasons?The axis of planet earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees away from the vertical plane. During the rotation around its own axis, planet earth performs a wobbly movement in which its northern hemisphere comes closer to the sun while its southern hemisphere gets away from the sun and vice versa.
In months around June, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun causing it to receive more direct sunlight compared to the southern hemisphere. This creates the summer season in the northern part. The southern hemisphere meanwhile experiences winter seasons.
In months around December, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun while the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. Hence, the north experiences winter while the south experiences summer season.
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Which of the following statements is most accurate in comparing the sexual orientations of women and men: Women's sexual orientations seem to be more plastic or flexible than those of men.
Men tend to avoid labeling their orientations, whereas women tend to spend considerable time labeling themselves accurately.
Men's sexual orientations change more over time than do the orientations of women.
The ways that men and women experience their sexual orientations are remarkably similar.
Women's sexual orientations seem to be more plastic or flexible than those of men.
Sexual orientation is an ongoing romantic or sexual attraction to people of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or both sexes. Heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality encompass these attractions, while asexuality is sometimes considered a fourth category.
The American Psychological Association defines sexual orientation as "a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions".
Behavioral science uses androphilia and gynephilia to describe sexual orientation instead of gender. Androphilia is sexual attraction to masculinity; gynephilia to femininity. Psychological research distinguishes sexual preference from sexual orientation, which overlaps. Bisexuals may prefer one sex over the other. Sexual orientation is not a choice, but sexual preference may be.
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The ability of a lung to recoil, or recover from stretch, is called ________.
Elastance is the capacity of a lung to recoil or rebound after strain.
What use does the lung serve?Respiration, a mechanism of gas exchange, is the major purpose of the lungs (or breathing). During breathing, Co₂, a metabolic waste product, exits the bloodstream while oxygen from air flowing enters. Reduced lung effect can be attributed to the lungs' diminished capacity to exchange gases.
Do your lungs allow us to survive?Typically, you need one lung or more to survive. In one instance, a patient had to have both lungs extracted and it was maintained alive for six days on life support before receiving a lung transplant. Since one needs both lungs to survive, this is not a routine treatment.
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How do organs work together in the nervous system to allow a fish to react to stimuli in its environment?
A. External stimuli trigger signals that move through the gills to the gill filaments, which send signals to the brain.
B. The brain sends signals through the lymph nodes to the skin, where the muscles decide how to react.
C. The brain sends signals through the spinal cord, which sends signals to nerves in the central nervous system.
D. External stimuli trigger signals that move through the nerves to the brain, which processes the information.
Answer:
D. External stimuli trigger signals that move through the nerves to the brain, which processes the information.
Explanation:
The brain then sends signals through the spinal cord, which sends signals to nerves in the central nervous system. The muscles then decide how to react based on the signals from the central nervous system.
Explanation:
How do organs work together in the nervous system to allow a fish to react to stimuli in its environment?
A. External stimuli trigger signals that move through the gills to the gill filaments, which send signals to the brain.
B. The brain sends signals through the lymph nodes to the skin, where the muscles decide how to react.
C. The brain sends signals through the spinal cord, which sends signals to nerves in the central nervous system.
D. External stimuli trigger signals that move through the nerves to the brain, which processes the information.
9.-13. Match the description to its anatomical term.
-
A membranous, serous layer attached
to a fibrous sac
A tissue composed of layers and bundles
of cardiac muscles
Outside layer of the heart wall that's
interspersed with adipose
The interior lining of the heart
External grooves that indicate the regions
of the heart
a. Visceral pericardium
b. Sulci
c. Endocardium
d. Myocardium
e. Parietal pericardium
The regions of the heart: Visceral pericardium, c. Endocardium, d. Myocardium, e. Parietal pericardium.
What is Visceral pericardium?The visceral pericardium, sometimes referred to as the epicardium, is the innermost layer of the pericardium, a sac that encloses the heart and its major vessels. It is composed of a thin mesothelial membrane which is continuous with the outer layer, the parietal pericardium. The visceral pericardium is firmly attached to the heart and the great vessels, and its surface is covered with a thin layer of serous fluid that acts as a lubricant and helps reduce friction between the heart and the outer layers of the pericardium.
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I need help knowing what the independent variable is to this
In an experiment, the independent variable is the color or the wavelength of the light. The dependent variable is the amount of absorption.
What is Blue light therapy?Blue light therapy is also known as photodynamic therapy. It is a type of light treatment that is used to treat diseased or damaged skin. It uses medicines called photosensitizing agents along with specific wavelengths of blue light to destroy abnormal skin cells while leaving the surrounding tissue unharmed.
Is the color of light a dependent variable?In an experiment to determine the absorption of light of different colors, the independent variable is the color or the wavelength of the light. The dependent variable is the amount of absorption. The independent variable is the variable that the experimenter changes on their own.
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What religions allow premarital sex?
All major faiths condemn premarital sex, but Muslims appear to take Islam's prohibitions more seriously.
Adamczyk and Hayes wanted to know if individual choice or national culture was more to blame for the lower rate of premarital sex among Muslims. Premarital sex is a practise whereby two people engage in sexual activity before becoming married. Many cultures forbid it as a moral flaw, and many religions consider it to be sinful. In India, adult premarital activity is legal. Premarital sex between two individuals (above the age of 18) is not clearly prohibited in our charter.
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How does the image of the dead bird wrapped in a silk cloth strengthen the feminist theme?
The bird represents Mrs. Wright's loneliness during her marriage to Mr. Wright.
Susan Glaspell's Trifles is a one-act drama. On August 8, 1916, the Provincetown Players staged it at the Wharf Theatre in Provincetown, Massachusetts. Glaspell portrayed Mrs. Hale in the original production. The drama is regularly anthologized in textbooks of American literature. The play, written during the first wave feminist movement, contrasts how women act in public and in private, as well as how they perform in front of other women vs males.
Through the absence of its main character, Mrs. Wright, Trifles addresses the issue of identity. Glaspell reveals how a person's identity is "just as much created as innate" by leaving this figure off stage. Mrs. Wright can only be perceived by the audience via the lens of the on-stage characters as they review and debate her personal life and alleged crime, and these characters may not all perceive Mrs. Wright in the same way. The spectator gets a well-rounded image of Mrs. Wright and how her identity is flexible and evolves based on the preconceptions of the other characters from the group in the farmhouse.
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What happens if a cell gets too large for the amount of DNA it has?
The cell is the fundamental unit of life and its structure is highly dependent on the amount of DNA it contains. As such, if a cell gets too large for the amount of DNA it has, it can lead to a range of problems for the cell. This is because the amount of DNA a cell contains determines its size, shape, and the number of processes it can carry out.
One consequence of having too little DNA for a large cell is that it will not be able to divide properly during cellular reproduction. This is because the DNA is responsible for providing instructions to the cell about how to divide and replicate itself, and if there is not enough DNA present, the cell will not be able to divide correctly. As a result, the cell may become deformed or contain abnormal structures or functions.
In addition, when the cell is too large for the amount of DNA it has, it often results in a decrease in the amount of proteins it produces. This is because the DNA is responsible for providing instructions to the cell on how to produce proteins, which are essential for cell growth and development. Without enough DNA to provide these instructions, the cell cannot produce the necessary proteins and is not able to function properly.
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HURRY I NEED HELP PLEASE
According to the theory, why is it important to know how much of a pathogenic risk an item poses to an end-user? a) End-users must be informed of decontamination risks so they can choose whether to receive treatment or not b) The risk determines how long you can wait before cleaning it c) The risk of infection determines whether you should dispose of the item or not after use d) The risk determines how you must decontaminate an item so that the next user doesn't get infected
In order is for end-user to decide whether or not to get therapy, this information is required.
Why do we seek therapy?A treatment is anything that medical professionals perform on patients in order to manage a health issue, minimize its symptoms, or resolve it. Treatments may take the form of medication, counseling, surgery, or other measures. A health issue is said to be cured when a treatment permanently resolves it. Some medical conditions can be treated.
Meaning of treatment planPay attention to how it sounds. (TREET-mint plan) A thorough plan that includes information about the patient's ailment, the intended treatment outcome, available treatment modalities, potential side effects, and anticipated treatment time.
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How often should IV IO epinephrine be administered during neonatal resuscitation if it is ineffective?
According to current NRP recommendations, a low-lying umbilical venous catheter (UVC) is the best way to administer epinephrine. This is followed by a 0.5–1 ml normal saline flush. During resuscitation, 1.0 mg (10 mL of a 1:10 000 solution) of epinephrine hydrochloride is advised to be administered intravenously (IV) every 3 to 5 minutes.
For the medication to reach the central compartment, each peripheral injection dose should be followed by a 20-mL flush of IV fluid. According to the most recent resuscitation recommendations, epinephrine should be administered if the newborn's heart rate is still below 60 beats per minute after 30 seconds of what appears to be effective ventilation with chest rise and 30 seconds of coordinated chest compressions and ventilations.
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fresh shell eggs must be refrigerated upon receipt, at an ambient temperature of ____
In order to receive raw eggs, refrigeration equipment that keeps the surrounding air at or below 7°C (45°F) is required.
How should shell eggs be kept at room temperature?45 degrees Fahrenheit According to regulations published in 9 CFR 590.50 by the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, shell eggs intended for human consumption must be transported and stored in refrigeration at a temperature of 45 degrees Fahrenheit (7.2 degrees).
Which temperature is the warmest for shell eggs to be received?These amendments require that shell eggs packed for consumption be transported and stored at a temperature of 45°F (7.2°C) or less under refrigeration.
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6. Imagine you begin your journey as a bead of sweat on an athlete at a track meet. What steps
might you take if you end your journey in the ocean?
Ocean swimming in triathlon can be intimidating, but knowing a few tricks and what to expect in an ocean environment can help make the experience bearable. A triathlon open ocean swim is a natural part of the sport.
Ocean swimming SportSwimming is a great aerobic activity, and swimming through waves in the ocean will help you improve your anaerobic fitness and swimming strength.
While there are risks to open water swimming, such as strong currents and unpredictable weather, it is a great way to get outside, explore nature, and improve your physical and mental health.
Here is a list of open water swimming gear that will help improve your performance and keep you safe in the water:
Wetsuit (thermal/neoprene material if swimming in the winter)Swimming capDry bag (to store car keys and your phone)Tow float (adds buoyancy)Emergency whistleSwimming socks / shoes / gloves (only needed in the winter)Swimming goggles (clear / mirrored or prescription lenses)A wetsuit and a cap can help your body adjust to the temperature of the water (especially when swimming in cold water). As a result, you can spend less time trying to acclimatize and more time swimming. You will also feel more secure and comfortable.
An emergency whistle ensures that you can summon assistance in an emergency, and a tow float can provide you with a brief resting spot to catch your breath. So, instead of leaving the water right away when you're tired, you can now recharge and catch your second wind.
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Which of the following structures associated with the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of primary somatic motor neurons (a.k.a., alpha motor neurons)?
intermediolateral cell column
ventral root
dorsal column
mixed spinal nerve
ventral horn
The structures associated with the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of primary somatic motor neurons (a.k.a., alpha motor neurons) in ventral horn.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
The spinаl cord is the most importаnt structure between the body аnd the brаin. The spinаl cord extends from the forаmen mаgnum where it is continuous with the medullа to the level of the first or second lumbаr vertebrаe. It is а vitаl link between the brаin аnd the body, аnd from the body to the brаin.
Similаr cross-sectionаl structures аt аll spinаl cord levels. It cаrries sensory informаtion (sensаtions) from the body аnd some from the heаd to the centrаl nervous system (CNS) viа аfferent fibers, аnd it performs the initiаl processing of this informаtion. Motor neurons in the ventrаl horn project their аxons into the periphery to innervаte skeletаl аnd smooth muscles thаt mediаte voluntаry аnd involuntаry reflexes. It contаins neurons whose descending аxons mediаte аutonomic control for most of the viscerаl functions.
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how is homeostasis maintained in glucose regulation using an example and what culd happen if the homeostasis isnt maintained
Answer:
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body. In the case of glucose regulation, the body works to maintain a stable blood glucose level by releasing hormones such as insulin and glucagon. If homeostasis is not maintained in glucose regulation, it can lead to conditions such as hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) or hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels). Both of these conditions can be serious and potentially life-threatening if left untreated. Hyperglycemia can lead to diabetes and other long-term health problems, while hypoglycemia can cause symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, and fainting.
Answer:
Through its various hormones, particularly glucagon and insulin, the pancreas maintains blood glucose levels within a very narrow range of 4–6 mM. This preservation is accomplished by the opposing and balanced actions of glucagon and insulin, referred to as glucose homeostasis
Part A According to data presented in this chapter, which of the following statements is correct? Species are created independently of each other and do not change over time. The traits of populations become more perfect over time O Individuals -not populations -change when natural selection occurs. O When individuals change in response to challenges from the environment, their altered traits are not passed on to offspring. SubmitR Request Answer Provide Feedback
The correct statement is c)Populations - not individuals - change when natural selection occurs..So,correct option is c.
Natural Selection follows up on a life form's aggregate, or noticeable elements. Aggregate is many times to a great extent a result of genotype (the alleles, or quality forms, the living being conveys). At the point when an aggregate created by specific alleles helps organic entities make due and duplicate better compared to their friends, normal determination can build the recurrence of the supportive alleles starting with one age then onto the next - that is, it can cause microevolution.
Some important steps involved in evolution of natural selection
Natural Selection can cause microevolution (change in allele frequencies), with wellness expanding alleles turning out to be more normal in the populace.Wellness is a proportion of conceptive achievement (the number of posterity an organic entity leaves in the future, comparative with others in the gathering).Natural Selection can follow up not entirely settled by elective alleles of a solitary quality, or on polygenic (still up in the air by numerous qualities).Natural Selection not entirely settled by different qualities might appear as balancing out choice, directional determination, or troublesome choice.Hence,correct choice is c.
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(Complete question) is:
According to data presented in this chapter, which one of the following statements is correct?
a. When individuals change in response to challenges from the environment, their altered traits are passed on to offspring.
b. Species are created independently of each other and do not change over time.
c. Populations - not individuals - change when natural selection occurs.
d. The traits of populations become more perfect over time.
How often do orcas need air?
Orcas can't even come close to holding their breath for as long. Their maximum duration is approximately 15 minutes, but we typically observe them surfacing for air every 3-5 minutes when traveling or every minute when moving quickly.
The orca, also known as the "killer whale," is the largest member of the dolphin family and is a whale with teeth. These large marine mammals are easy to spot due to their black-and-white coloring, large dorsal fin, and sleek body. On the fluke's undersides, ventral surface, and lower jaw, bright white is the predominant color. The distinctive patterns serve as a method of concealment when they are searching for food.
Whales, like humans, breathe in oxygen through their lungs. However, rather than breathing through their mouths, they breathe through their nostrils, which are the blowholes on top of their heads. They can easily breathe through the blowhole without lifting their entire head out of the water.
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What could occur if the feedback loop of the knee reflex was cut off at any point along its path?
This is an illustration of a reflex, which is an uncontrollable muscle reaction brought on by the tap of a rubber hammer on a tendon.
What is a feedback loop?
The absence of reflex reactions may indicate injury to the spinal cord, a nerve root, a peripheral nerve, or a muscle.
Two positive feedback loops are involved in the defecation reflex. These loops are the stretch receptors in the sacral parasympathetic system and the rectal walls.
Therefore, a reflex is an uncontrollable muscle reaction brought on by the tap of a rubber hammer on a tendon.
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Write the correct answer on the line provided.
Baby Kilgore was vomiting almost continuously. The medical term for this excessive vomiting is ___________________
Answer:
Begulling
Explanation:
It is the correct medical term for excessive vomiting
Indicate whether the glven act would create water retention or water loss In the body.
Dry mouth ~ Increased osmolarity of blood aldostorenone hyposecretion ~ Decreased renal tubular reabsorption of water Renin release ~ Hyponatremia
Increased blood pressure ~ Ingestion of water
ADH hypersecretion ~ Hyperkalemia
Increased water permeability of the DCT and collecting ducts of the kidneys ~ Hemorrhage
Exercise in a warm climate
ADH and testosterone increase the risk of heart and volume as the water is absorbed into the bloodstream into to the capillaries, bringing the blood salt concentration back to normal.
What does the renin enzyme do in response to a lower ph quilt in the kidney?An enzyme known as renin is released by kidney cells in response to low blood pressure. The kidneys reabsorb salt due to renin. Water retention is a constant side effect of sodium reabsorption. Blood pressure and volume are restored as a result.
Which hormone promotes water retention while guarding against dehydration?A deficiency of renin - angiotensin system (ADH), also known as prolactin, usually prevents hydration, or the kidneys and liver inability to react to ADH, are the two main causes of diabetes insipidus. The kidneys may hold onto the body's fluids thanks to ADH. The steroid.
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Which structure fuses to form a diploid zygote during sexual reproduction?
Answer:During sexual reproduction, two haploid cells, called gametes, fuse to form a diploid cell called a zygote. In animals, the gametes are sperm and eggs, and the process by which they fuse is called fertilization. In plants, the gametes are produced by the male and female reproductive cells, called the microgametes and the megagametes, respectively, and the process is called syngamy.
During fertilization in animals, the sperm penetrates the egg, and the nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse, combining their genetic material. This forms the diploid zygote, which then undergoes cell division to form a multicellular organism.
In plants, the fusion of the microgametes and megagametes occurs at the tip of the pollen tube and the egg cell. This process is called double fertilization, which leads to the formation of a diploid zygote and a triploid cell called the endosperm, which provides nourishment for the developing seed.
In both case, sperm and egg or micro and mega gametes are the structure fusing to form diploid zygote during sexual reproduction.
Synthesize In your own words, explain the effect of sea otters on kelp forests, and what
Estes's findings suggest about managing predator-pray relationships in local environments.
A kelp forest can be safeguarded by the presence of sea otters. They consume a lot of sea urchins, which controls their population and keeps the kelp forest from being destroyed. One of the foundational species of the coastal ecology is the sea otter.
What Are sea otters?Marine animals known as sea otters (Enhydra lutris) live along the coasts of the Aleutian Islands and North America's mainland up to Mexico.. Fish, sea urchins, mollusks, and crustaceans make up the majority of sea otters' diets. Sea otters are keystone species is one that has a significant, calming effect on the entire ecological community.
Sea otters are a keystone species that keeps kelp forest ecosystems in a healthy balance in addition to regulating populations of ravenous kelp grazers.To prevent floating away in the churning sea while they sleep, sea otters prefer to anchor in kelp or large seaweed. To keep each other company, they share this quality. They stick within the group as a result to keep from vanishing into the distance.It's thought that sea otters contributed to the preservation of kelp forests. This reduces the degradation of the kelp forest and helps control the population in addition to eating a lot of sea urchins. A keystone species, sea otters are crucial to the ecosystem of the coastal region.Sea otters, a form of plankton, can put pressure on sea urchins by consuming and grazing on them. Because sea urchins are grazers of kelp and are a species of plankton, sea otters can consume them and graze on them. As kelp is subjected to less grazing pressure due to the decreased urchin density, kelp forests can grow in the presence of sea otters.Kelp forestsA versatile sea vegetable, kelp can be eaten raw, cooked, or as a component of several supplements. Sushi, salads, sauces, and other dishes must all have kelp. Particularly sea otters are essential to the health of kelp forests, which are essential to the health of the bay. Sea urchins, which may completely devastate kelp beds without them, instead eat the stripes of huge kelp plants, which are not consumed by sea otters.
The Significance Of Sea Otters In Alaska’s Kelp ForestsSea otters play a key part in the kelp forests around the coast of Alaska. More than 20 distinct species of fish live in kelp forests, which also serve as spawning and breeding grounds for herring, atka mackerel, and salmon fry nurseries. Sea otters contribute to the energy flow between the ocean and kelp forest. Sea otters feed on kelp forests because they are dense, which opens up the canopy to let sunlight reach the floor and feed herbivores. Because sea otters graze on urchins, a primary pest in kelp forests, the urchin population is impacted, which harms the canopy of kelp forests.
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Which of the following statements is correct?
F. Accessory pigments are not involved in photosynthesis.
G. Accessory pigments add color to plants but do not absorb light energy.
H. Accessory pigments absorb colors of light that chlorophyll a cannot absorb.
J. Accessory pigments receive electrons from the electron transport chain of photosystem I.
Answer:
G. Accessory pigment add color to plant but do not absorb light energy.
Answer:
G is the correct answer!!!
Explanation:
humans the allele for normal blood clotting, B is dominant to the allele for hemophilia, b. This is a sex-linked trait und on the X chromosome. The last Tsar of Russia (Nicholas II did not have hemophilia. His wife (Alexandra) also did not have hemophilia. They had a hemophiline son, and four normal daughters. What is/are the probable genotype(s) for each member of the family? Tsar Nicholas Empress Alexandra Daughter Olga Nikolaevna Daughter Tatiana Nikolaevna Daughter Maria Nikolaevna Daughter Anastasia Nikolaevna Son Alexei Nikolaevich
Tsar Nicholas: XBXB (since he does not have hemophilia, he must be homozygous dominant for the normal blood clotting allele)
Empress Alexandra: XBXb (since she does not have hemophilia, she must be a carrier of the hemophilia allele)
Daughter Olga Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (she could have inherited the normal allele from her father or the carrier allele from her mother)
Daughter Tatiana Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Daughter Maria Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Daughter Anastasia Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Son Alexei Nikolaevich: XbXb (since he has hemophilia, he must have inherited the hemophilia allele from his mother and a second copy from his father, who is the carrier).
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8.
How do animal and plant viruses acquire an envelope?
A.
They synthesise it.
B. From the culture growth medium
C.
D.
E. It is part of a wall of the bacterial cell.
From the nuclear membrane of the host cell
They take it from other viruses.
Cellular membranes in a process called budding animal and plant viruses acquire an envelope.
What is an envelop?
The cell membrane, cell wall, and outer membrane, if present, make up the cell envelope. Typically, prokaryotes like bacteria exhibit this envelope. It consists of a bacterium's cell wall and inner cell wall. The integrity of the cell's structure is provided by the cell envelope.
The cell wall, the cell membrane, and any outside membrane that may be present make up the cell envelope. The cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, and capsule make up the cell envelope in Gram-positive bacteria with a single membrane.
The complex, dynamic, multilayered cell envelope serves to shield bacteria from their uncontrollable and frequently hostile surroundings. Most bacteria's cell walls can be divided into one of two categories.
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Which beaker will have a net movement of water from the cell to the surrounding solution
Osmosis is the process by which water molecules pass across a cell's partly permeable membrane from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to one with a lower concentration.
There will be a net transfer of water from the cell to the surrounding solution in a beaker with a hypertonic solution in respect to the cell (also known as osmosis). This is the case because water will flow from a region of lower solute concentration to an area of greater solute concentration in order to balance the solution concentration since osmosis the concentration of solutes in the cell is higher than that in the surrounding solution.
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Which of these statements is true?
c. The best fossils are formed during a cataclysmic event.
a. Younger strata are usually nearer the surface.
d. Rock strata are formed by volcanic activity.
e. Water’s ability to erode rock helps to explain how fossils are formed.
b. More recent fossils are in the deepest
'Younger strata are usually nearer the surface' is the true statement.
What do you mean by Strata?
Strata is a term that refers to the various layers of a rock formation. The term is used in a variety of fields, including geology, archaeology, and petrology. It describes the various layers of sedimentary rock that have been formed over time, as well as the different types of sedimentary rock that can be found in a strata.
This statement is true because younger strata (layers of rock or sediment) are generally deposited more recently and are therefore closer to the surface than older strata. This is because over time, as the Earth's surface erodes and is reshaped by various natural forces, the most recently deposited layers tend to be more exposed.
Hence, Option B is correct.
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Correct form of question:
Which of these statements is true?
a. The best fossils are formed during a cataclysmic event.
b. Younger strata are usually nearer the surface.
c. Rock strata are formed by volcanic activity.
d. Water’s ability to erode rock helps to explain how fossils are formed.
e. More recent fossils are in the deepest.