In biology, a monomer is a small molecule that can be chemically bonded to other monomers to form a larger molecule called a polymer.
Monomers are the building blocks of polymers and are typically simple organic molecules that contain functional groups that allow them to bond with other molecules.
Examples of monomers include amino acids, which can bond together to form proteins, and nucleotides, which can bond together to form nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Monomers can also be used to form synthetic polymers such as plastics, which are made from monomers such as ethylene and propylene.
The process of polymerization involves the chemical bonding of monomers through covalent bonds, which create a chain or network of repeating units. The resulting polymer can have unique physical and chemical properties that are distinct from the individual monomers.
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In appositional growth of cartilage,
a) chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside.
b) new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue.
c) osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts.
d) the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow.
e) the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue.
In appositional growth of cartilage, new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue which is therefore denoted as option B.
What is Appositional growth?This is referred to as the type of growth which occurs when chondroblasts secrete new matrix along existing surfaces and this causes the cartilage to expand and widen.
Option B talks about the new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue in the growth of the cartilage which is therefore the reason why it was vhosen as the correct choice.
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What is the ICD-10 code for cystitis?
Answer:
N30 .90
Explanation:
ICD-10 code N30. 90 for Cystitis, unspecified without hematuria is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - Diseases of the genitourinary system .
the enzyme lactase speeds up the break down of lactose into what 2 smaller monosaccharides. True or False?
True , Lactase breaks down lactose into the monosaccharides galactose and glucose
Lactose intolerance occurs when your small intestine doesn't produce enough of an enzyme (lactase) to digest milk sugar (lactose). Normally, lactase turns milk sugar into two simple sugars — glucose and galactose — which are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal lining. If you're lactase deficient, lactose in your food moves into the colon instead of being processed and absorbed. In the colon, normal bacteria interact with undigested lactose, causing the signs and symptoms of lactose intolerance. Lactose digestion occurs in the small intestine with the help of the enzyme known as lactase. Lactase breaks down lactose into the monosaccharides galactose and glucose, which makes them available for absorption. Glucose ultimately gets taken up by our cells with the help of insulin. Galactose is transported to the liver, where it is turned into glucose for use in energy production.
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As a woody stem grows, the cells and function of the epidermis are taken over by the _________.
The cells and activities of the epidermis are replaced by those of the periderm when a woody stem develops.
The protective layer that replaces the epidermis on woody stems and some other stem structures, such potato tubers, is a secondary covering referred known as the periderm. During secondary growth, the periderm takes the place of the epidermis as the outermost tissue, which is followed by an increase in the girth of plant organs.
The periderm replaces the epidermis in fully mature plants. The secondary growth, the vascular cambium, and the xylem and phloem are continually covered with new layers each year during the growing season. The vascular cambium and the cork cambium are examples of secondary meristems.
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The first unambiguous human trait to evolve as recorded in the fossil record is
a large brain
overlapping fields of vision
a chin
fingernails
obligate upright walking
Obligate upright walking is the earliest clearly identifiable human characteristic to have evolved as shown in the fossil record.
What human characteristic initially emerged?Bipedalism, or the capacity to walk on two legs, originated more than 4 million years ago and is one of the fundamental characteristics that define humans. Other crucial human traits, like a large and complex brain, the capacity for language, and the ability to create and use tools, have just lately emerged.
What kind of animal was the first to walk upright?Homo erectus was the first species to have truly walked upright, despite the fact that bipedalism originated much earlier. It was also the first species to show a move towards human characteristics, earning it the nickname "the handy man" for its aptitude with tools.
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which structure is specialized for the detection of the stimulus that triggers a phototaxic response in certain protists?
The structure specialized for the detection of the stimulus that triggers a phototaxic response in certain protists is called an eyespot or a stigma.
define stimulus ?
A stimulus is a detectable change in the internal or external environment of an organism that produces a response. It can be any physical or chemical change in the environment that an organism can sense and respond to, such as light, sound, touch, temperature, or the presence of a chemical substance. A stimulus can either be a positive or negative trigger that elicits a response from an organism or a cell.
The structure specialized for the detection of the stimulus that triggers a phototaxic response in certain protists is called an eyespot or a stigma.
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Each statement describes a transformation of the graph of f(x)=x .
Which statement correctly describes the graph of g(x)= f(x-11)
Each statement describes a transformation of the graph of f(x)=x. It is the graph of f(x) translated 11 units up. Therefore, the correct option is option D.
What is graph?Graphs may be found in many different situations. They might be lurking beneath our rugs or near our calculators. Perhaps not beneath our rugs, but you may find one within the newspaper. They might even be manufactured by a company. Only one minute more! What precisely is a graph?
Graphs provide information in the format of a mental picture or picture. This information is known as 'data.' When you insert data into a picture, it might seem thin or fat, brief or lengthy. Each sentence depicts the transformation of the f(x)=x graph. This is the graph of f(x) shifted up 11 units.
Therefore, the correct option is option D.
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water is the trigger for the embryo to begin the enzymatic breakdown of the starchy endosperm.
1. True
2. False
Water is the trigger for the embryo to begin the enzymatic breakdown of the starchy endosperm. The correct option is False.
In a seed, the starchy endosperm serves as a food source for the developing embryo. The embryo will only begin to metabolize the endosperm once it has received the necessary signals that indicate that conditions are suitable for germination. One of these signals is the presence of water. When a seed takes up water, it begins to swell and the embryo starts to grow. However, water alone is not enough to trigger the enzymatic breakdown of the endosperm. The embryo must also receive other signals, such as appropriate temperature and light conditions, before it will begin to metabolize the endosperm.
The process of germination involves a complex series of molecular and cellular events that are regulated by a variety of factors, including water, temperature, light, and hormones. Understanding these factors and how they interact is an important area of study in plant biology and agriculture.
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Please help as fast as you can!!
The habitat and reason for the adaptations for each animal are given below:
Penguin:
1. Habitat: Polar and icy regions2. Dark feathers on their back - to conserve heat4. Webbed feet - to walk on ice3. Thick skin and lots of blubbers - to conserve heat5. Wings used as flippers - to swim in waterTuna:
1. Habitat: Seas and ocean waters2. Shape - to move easily through water3. Gills - to breathe underwater4. Body covered in scales - to protect the fishWhat are adaptations?An adaptation is a modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more suited for the conditions of its environment .
A structural adaptation is one that is physically a component of the organism.
Another type of adaptation is behavioral, which modifies how a creature reacts to its surroundings. The structural adaptations made by some plants to survive in hot, arid deserts are an illustration of this.
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true or false. most bacterial cells are encased by a strong cell wall composed of which is a carbohydrate matrix cross-linked by polypeptides.
True. Most bacterial cells are encased by a strong cell wall composed of which is a carbohydrate matrix cross-linked by polypeptides.
What do you mean by bacterial cells?
Bacterial cells are microscopic, single-celled organisms that are found in virtually every environment on Earth, from the hottest springs to the deepest ocean trenches. They come in a wide range of shapes, sizes, and colors, and they are capable of surviving in a variety of extreme conditions. Bacteria play an important role in the Earth's ecosystem by breaking down organic matter, converting nitrogen from the atmosphere into usable compounds, and producing antibiotics.
The cell wall of a bacterial cell is composed of a carbohydrate matrix that is cross-linked by polypeptides. This matrix is a complex network of sugars and proteins that forms a rigid, protective structure around the cell. The cell wall is responsible for providing structural integrity and protection from environmental stresses, such as osmotic pressure, temperature, and pH fluctuations. It also serves as a selective barrier, allowing the cell to take up essential nutrients while keeping out potentially harmful substances. The cell wall also plays an important role in cell division and attachment to other cells.
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What is A template strand in biology?
In molecular biology, a template strand, also known as the antisense strand or non-coding strand, is the DNA strand that is used as a template for the synthesis of a complementary RNA strand during transcription.
This process involves the reading of the template strand by RNA polymerase, which then synthesizes an RNA molecule that is complementary to the template strand.
The template strand is called the antisense strand because it has a complementary sequence to the coding or sense strand, which is the DNA strand that is not used as the template during transcription. The coding strand has the same sequence as the RNA molecule, except that thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil in RNA.
The information contained in the template strand is essential for the accurate synthesis of RNA molecules, which are then used to synthesize proteins. Understanding the role of the template strand is critical to understanding the complex molecular processes that underlie gene expression and protein synthesis in living organisms.
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which substances leave the blood by diffusing directly through the plasma membrane of endothelial cells? check all that apply.
Оxygen Sterold hormones Carbon dioxide Electrolytes Large proteins Glucose
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, electrolytes, and glucose are substances that leave the blood by diffusing directly through the plasma membrane of endothelial cells.
These substances are small enough to pass through the pores in the endothelial cell membrane or dissolve in the membrane itself. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are gases that can freely diffuse across the membrane, while electrolytes and glucose are small ions and molecules that can diffuse through the pores. Steroid hormones and large proteins, on the other hand, cannot pass through the plasma membrane of endothelial cells without the aid of transport proteins. Overall, the movement of these substances across the endothelial cell membrane is essential for maintaining proper physiological functions in the body. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, electrolytes, and glucose are substances that leave the blood by diffusing directly through the plasma membrane of endothelial cells.
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which of the statements correctly contrasts anabolic and catabolic pathways?
Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy. Hence option 1 is correct.
What is anabolic pathway?In general, anabolic processes require an energy input to produce complex molecules from of the simpler ones. One example is the creation of glucose from carbon dioxide. Other examples are the creation of the DNA strands from of building blocks of nucleic acids or even the synthesis of the proteins using amino acids (nucleotides).
What is the protein anabolic pathway?The process through which proteins are created from amino acids is known as protein anabolism. 'Amino acid synthesis', transcription, translations, post-translational modifications, & protein folding are the five processes on which it depends.
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The complete question is -
Which of the following correctly contrasts anabolic and catabolic pathways?
1. Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy.
2. Anabolic pathways release energy, whereas catabolic pathways require energy.
3. Anabolic pathways use oxygen, whereas catabolic pathways do not.
4. There is no contrast, they are synonymous terms.
Select all of the following that describes the geneticist, Gregor Mendel?
- careful, deliberate, note-taker
- used fruit flies in his experiments
- integrated mathematics in his studies
- followed the scientific method closely
The following that describes the geneticist, Gregor Mendel include the following below:
careful, deliberate, note-takerintegrated mathematics in his studiesfollowed the scientific method closely.Who was Gregor Mendel?He is known as the architect of genetic experimental and statistical analysis, and he remains the acknowledged father of genetics due to his numerous works.
He integrated mathematics into his study and followed the scientific method closely which was why he was able to achieve a lot in his works on genetics.
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A single fertilized egg divides into many separate embryos is known as Metamorphosis Polygyny Polyembryony Viviparous
Multiple embryos are created as a result of fertilization of the egg. Polyembryony is the name given to this phenomena.
when one fertilized egg splits into numerous distinct embryos?Monozygotic twins, often known as identical twins, are created when a fertilized egg divides into two distinct embryos.Monozygotic twinning can happen spontaneously or as a result of IVF procedures.Monozygotic twinning in nature is thought to be spontaneous and typically happens after the blastocyst ruptures.
What factors into the host's hemostatic reactions during blood feeding?The bloodsucking insect Rhodnius prolixus had evolved a sophisticated salivary secretion with dozens of distinct proteins in order to get around host defenses that limit blood loss.
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What color
absorbs all
light?
A. ultraviolet
B. infrared
C. black
D. white
Answer:
black objects..........
Explanation:
...........
a tall statue is situated in the middle of a large circular field during what part of the day will the head of the shadow be farthest from the statue
Answer:
The head of the shadow of a tall statue will be farthest from the statue during either sunrise or sunset when the sun is closest to the horizon. At other times of the day, the sun's angle is higher, and the shadow will be shorter and closer to the base of the statue.
which best explains why a pyramid is used to represent energy flow within an ecosystem?1. Because available energy decreases as you go up2. Because the organisms get bigger3. Because the amount of the organism is more4. Because further of organisms use less energy
Pyramids are used to represent the flow of energy within an ecosystem. Here's why. (1) Available energy decreases with altitude.
Why are pyramids used to represent the flow of energy within an ecosystem?
An energy pyramid shows the flow of energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem. The pyramid shape is used because energy is lost at each trophic level as the organism consumes it.
What is simple definition of ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a geographical area where plants, animals, other living things, weather and landscape work together to form a bubble of life. An ecosystem contains living or living parts and abiotic factors or non-living parts. Biological agents include plants, animals, and other organisms.
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What is the smallest unit of life that can reproduce?
Answer: cell
Explanation:
which two nerves are involved in the pupillary reaction?
His oculomotor nerve and nucleus, as well as the optic nerve, are all parts of the binocular vision reflex circuit.
The pupillary response is a type of cranial nerve?What role does CN III play? Its negative action of the pupil on a given side is controlled by one of the two third cranial nerves on that side (ipsilateral). Constriction is the cholinergic response of the pupil, or "return to normal." Additionally, the third cranial nerve regulates eye muscle movement.
What 2 types of conjunctival reflexes are there?Regardless among which eye is stimulated to light, the left pupil will respond to it with a left pupillary reflex. When light is flashed into the left, right, or both eyes, the right pupil will react. This is referred to as the right pupillary reflex.
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the endocrine system releases _______________ to regulate bodily functions.
Hormones are released into the bloodstream by endocrine glands. The hormones can now reach cells in other places of the body thanks to this. Endocrine hormones aid in mood regulation.
What does the body have endocrine for?
Picture for endocrine (EN-doh-krin SIS-tem) the tissues and organs that hormone secretion and release them into the bloodstream so they can reach all of the body's tissues and organs. The hormones produced by the endocrine glands regulate a variety of vital bodily processes, including as metabolism, reproduction, and growth and development.
What endocrine condition is most typical?
Diabetes is the most prevalent endocrine condition in the US. There are a lot more. Typically, they are managed by regulating the amount of hormone your body produces. If there are too few hormones in the body, hormone supplements may be able to help.
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The unicellular green alga chlorella is often used as a model organism to study the effects of various substances on the growth of photosynthetic organisms. Researchers studying the detoxification of certain metals by chlorella first collected data on the growth dynamics of the alga. A small number of chlorella were added to 1,500 ml of culture medium that contained all of the inorganic nutrients needed for growth. Every five days for 30 days, the researchers performed multiple counts to determine the concentration of chlorella in the culture (table 1).
It depends on the light for its growth. The unicellular green alga Chlorella is used as a model organism for studying the effects of various substances on the growth of photosynthetic organisms.
Chlorella is grown in freshwater and sometimes called seaweed. It has medicinal value and is a good source of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, fiber, chlorophyll, minerals and vitamins. Chlorella helps in preventing low levels of iron during pregnancy and also plays a role in curing depression, fibromyalgia and menstrual cramps.
Detoxification of certain metals by Chlorella are studied by first collecting data on the dynamics of the growth.
Growth of Chlorella culture depends on the light available to them. Chlorella prepare their own food with the presence of light just like the plants. If the amount of the light is more and is received by Chlorella algae, then it prepares more food and more growth occurs. While on the other hand, if there is less amount of light available to Chlorella algae so it produces less amount of food and less growth will occur. Growth rapidly decreased when the temperature exceeded the optimum temperature. Therefore the growth didn't occur above 35°C.
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Walking along a large city park on a hot summer day, you look for a cool resting place and sit down on a large rock under a tree, at the quiet edge of a stream. You have searched for and found an example of a :
a. microclimate
b. biome
c. landscape
d. population
The definition of a microclimate is the climate of a relatively tiny or constrained area, particularly when this differs first from climate of the surroundings. So , the correct option is A .
The location here will have a cool microclimate near the stream's bank, under the tree, or on the rock, even though the surrounding region is very hot.
Locally unique elements like hills, mountains, and water bodies contribute to the existence of microclimates. Microclimates can also be caused by man-made objects like buildings and roads. Examples includes snow at higher altitudes on city hills and mild weather by the ocean.
Microclimates are brought on by regional variations in the quantity of heat or water that is absorbed or trapped close to the surface. It is possible for a microclimate to be a little warmer than the surrounding environment because it receives more energy.
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introducing a plasmid of dna into an organism that will allow it to exhibit new traits is called
Introducing a plasmid of DNA into an organism that will allow it to exhibit new traits is called transformation.
In molecular biology, transformation refers to the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell, leading to the permanent alteration of the cell's genetic makeup. This is usually achieved by using plasmids, which are small, circular pieces of DNA that can be easily manipulated in the laboratory and then introduced into the target organism.
Once inside the organism, the plasmid can integrate into the host's genome, allowing it to express new traits or characteristics that were not present before.
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Fill The Blank? mosses and liverworts are the two main types of plants that are _________ plants.
Non-vascular plants. Bryophytes, which are non-vascular plants, include mosses and liverworts. Trees, flowering plants, and ferns are examples of vascular plants that can survive in settings with less water.
Simple conductive tubes on mosses and liverworts keep them confined to moist regions. The majority of bryophytes are tiny and develop in groups that resemble cookie-cutter forms.
The leaves of mosses and liverworts are quite small and typically only one cell thick. True roots, which are multicellular organs present in vascular plants, are absent from these plants. Although mosses and liverworts are similar in many respects, there are a few characteristics that assist distinguish the two. Most mosses first develop a stalk. The capsule then develops and releases spores. In liverworts, the capsule forms first, and then the stalk develops.
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Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by a precapillary sphincter, which opens or closes due to the requirements of the cells the capillary supplies.
True or False
The given statement that "Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by a precapillary sphincter, which opens or closes due to the requirements of the cells the capillary supplies." is true because it regulates the flow of blood according to the body's needs.
Blood primarily is able to move through the body with the help of the rhythmic movement of the smooth muscle present in the vessel wall and also by the action of the skeletal muscle according to the body movements. Blood is prevented from flowing in a backward direction in the veins by the one-way valves.
Blood flow through these capillary beds is basically controlled by precapillary sphincters to increase as well as decrease the flow which depends on the body’s needs and is gets directed by nerve and hormone signals.
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______most involved in regulating and controlling body functions
Most body functions are regulated and controlled by the neurological system.
Which two types of bodily membranes fall under each category?Body membranes are incredibly thin sheets or layers of tissue or cells that line various body cavities, cover the surface of internal organs, and are found on the outside of the body. The epithelial membranes and the connective tissue membranes are the two main classes into which these membranes are divided.
The membranes are referred to as.Every cell has a cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane, which separates the interior of the cell from the external world. Materials moving into and out of the cell are controlled by the cell membrane.
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T/F. The Jabuticaba tree from South America. The fruit grows directly on the trunk and branches and tastes like blueberry yogurt.
The fruit, which has a white pulp and a purplish-black skin, develops right on the tree's trunk. It is consumed raw or utilized to make jams, jellies, juice, and wine.
What fruit ranks first in the world?
The most consumed fruit worldwide is the banana. Given their status as a tropical fruit than rarely grows in most regions, this may come as a bit of a surprise. The average American consumes pounds of bananas annually despite the fact that they don't grow in the majority of the country.
What fruit ranks number one for being in tact?
The devil fruit used by Sakazuki Akainu has been described as having the greatest offensive potential in the One Piece universe. Akainu, a Navy Admiral, possesses strong haki and fighting prowess, but its devil fruit would've been potent for anybody to possess.
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why is cell division important for unicellular organisms
a single fertilized egg divides into many separate embryos is known as
The process in which a single fertilized egg divides into many separate embryos is known as polyembryony.
In polyembryony, the zygote undergoes one or more divisions to create two or more embryos that are genetically identical to each other.
Polyembryony is a rare phenomenon that has been observed in several plant and animal species. In plants, polyembryony can occur naturally or can be induced through artificial means, such as tissue culture or embryo rescue. In animals, polyembryony is most commonly observed in species of armadillos and in some species of invertebrates.
Polyembryony has several implications in biological research and can be useful in applications such as cloning and genetic engineering. However, in nature, polyembryony can have both benefits and drawbacks. While it can increase the chances of survival for the offspring, it can also lead to competition for resources among genetically identical individuals.
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