To determine the volume of a 1.0 M solution of NaOH that would be lethal for a 2 kg animal, we need to consider the lethal dose (LD50) of NaOH for the animal.
LD50 is the dose that is lethal to 50% of the test population. For this example, let's assume the LD50 of NaOH for a 2 kg animal is 40 mg/kg.
Please note that this is a hypothetical value, and actual LD50 values may vary depending on the specific animal species.
Step 1: Calculate the lethal dose for the 2 kg animal.
Lethal dose = LD50 × animal's weight
Lethal dose = 40 mg/kg × 2 kg
Lethal dose = 80 mg
Step 2: Convert the lethal dose from mg to moles.
Molecular weight of NaOH = 22.99 g/mol (Na) + 15.999 g/mol (O) + 1.007 g/mol (H) ≈ 40 g/mol
80 mg × (1 g/1000 mg) = 0.08 g
0.08 g NaOH × (1 mol/40 g) ≈ 0.002 moles of NaOH
Step 3: Calculate the volume of the 1.0 M NaOH solution needed.
Moles of solute = Molarity × Volume of solution
0.002 moles = 1.0 M × Volume
Volume = 0.002 L or 2 mL
Therefore, the volume of a 1.0 M solution of NaOH that would be lethal for a 2 kg animal is approximately 2 mL.
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A _____________ __________________ occurs at the coast of oceans and other large water bodies during sunny days
A sea breeze occurs at the coast of oceans and other large water bodies during sunny days.
Where does sea breeze occur?The term sea breeze defined as it describes a wind that blows from the ocean inland towards land. In daytime, the land surface heats up faster than the water surface.
The sea breeze occurs mostly in the spring and summer months because of the higher temperature differences between the ocean and nearby land, mostly in the afternoon when the land is at more heating from the sun.
Thus, A sea breeze occurs at the coast of oceans and other large water bodies during sunny days.
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How many molecules of O2 are in the container in problem 6? How many atoms of oxygen
The number of molecules or the number of atoms that the oxygen has has is 9.6 * 10^22 molecules/ atoms.
What is the number of molecules of oxygen present?We have to note that the number of the molecules of the oxygen that we have can be obtained by the use of the hypothesis that have been put forward by Avogadro.
We know that;
22.4 L of oxygen is contained in one mole of oxygen
3.5 L of oxygen would contain 3.5 * 1/22.4
= 0.16 moles of oxygen
If 1 mole of oxygen contains 6.02 * 10^23 molecules /atoms
0.16 moles of oxygen would contain 0.16 * 6.02 * 10^23/1
=9.6 * 10^22 molecules/ atoms
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Missing parts;
How many molecules of O2 are in a 3.5-liter container? How many atoms?
Which has a free radical? ClO3- ; NO ; NO2- ; NO2 ?
NO and NO₂ are the free radicals.
The species which is having unpaired as well as odd number of electrons will be considered as a free radical. If the number comes out to be odd, the concerned species will be considered as a free radical. In case of NO₂, the total number of electrons is 23 (7 from nitrogen and 16 from two oxygen atoms) and in case of NO the total number of electrons is 15 (7 from nitrogen and 8 from oxygen). Hence, the species are free radical.
Whereas, in case of [tex]ClO3^{-}[/tex], the total number of electrons is 42 (17 from chlorine and 24 from three oxygen and +1 for negative charge) and in case of [tex]NO2^{-}[/tex]the total number of electrons is 24 (7 from nitrogen and 16 from oxygen and +1 for negative charge) There are even no. of electrons. Hence the [tex]ClO3^{-}[/tex] and [tex]NO2^{-}[/tex] are not a free radical.
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Which type of soil can retain the greatest amount of water?One that has low permeabilityOne that has low porosityOne that has high permeabilityOne that has high porosity
The type of the soil that can retain the greatest amount of the water is the one that has high prosperity. The clay soil has retain the mor amount of the water.
The porosity means the space in between the soil particles, that will filled with air or the water. The clay soil has the large pore space , that means it can retain the greatest amount of the water. The clay soil has the greatest water holding capacity. The clay soil has the high porosity and least permeable.
Thus, the soil which can retain the greatest amount of the water is the soil with the high porosity.
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Potential energy stored in the bonds of a molecule is also called: __________
Potential Energy stored in bond of molecules is called chemical energy.
Define Potential Energy?Potential energy in physics is the energy that an item retains as a result of its position in relation to other objects, internal tensions, electric charge, or other elements.A potential in physics can either be a scalar potential or a vector potential. It is a field that is defined in space in either instance, and it may be used to deduce a lot of significant physical features.Potential energy is the energy that an object accumulates because of its position, enabling it to perform more work.An extended rubber band, for instance, is full of potential energy. Similar to this, a ball will have more potential energy when released above the ground than when it falls.To learn more about Potential Energy refer to:
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Classify the C- Cl bond in CCl4 as ionic, polar covalent or non-polar covalent. (EN: C-2.5, C-3,0)
A. ionic
B. polar covalent
C. nonpolar covalent
C. nonpolar covalent is the nature of C-Cl bond in the compound CCl4 having (Electronegativity: C-2.5, C-3,0).
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms. The bond between C and Cl in CCl4 is a covalent bond. The electronegativity difference between C and Cl is small (EN C = 2.5 and EN Cl = 3.0), indicating that the bond is nonpolar covalent. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, and there is no separation of charge. The atoms have the same pull on the electrons, meaning that the electrons are shared equally between the atoms. In this case, the bond between C and Cl is nonpolar covalent because the electronegativity of C and Cl are similar, and the electrons are shared equally. Therefore, the bond is not polarized and there is no separation of charge. To sum up, C-Cl bond in CCl4 is not ionic and not polar covalent, it is a nonpolar covalent bond.
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Given the following equation:
2 AgNO3 + CaCl2 --> 2 AgCl(s) + Ca(NO3)2
What is the net ionic equation:
A. Ca2+ + 2 Cl- --> CaCl2
B. Ag+ + NO3- --> AgNO3
C. Ca2+ + 2 NO3- --> Ca(NO3)2
D. Ag+ + Cl- --> AgCl
The net ionic equation of the reaction of AgNO₃ and CaCl₂:
Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) → AgCl (s)
What are the net ionic equations?The net ionic equation can be described as an equation that represents only those elements, ions, that directly contributed to that chemical reaction.
We can write a chemical equation for the formation of AgCl:
2 AgNO₃ + CaCl₂ → 2 AgCl (s) + Ca(NO₃)₂
The complete ionic equation can be written for the above reaction is:
2 Ag⁺ (aq) + 2 NO₃⁻ (aq) + Ca²⁺ (aq) + 2 Cl⁻ → 2 AgCl (s) + Ca²⁺ (aq) + 2NO₃⁻ (aq)
In the ionic equation, the calcium and nitrate ions appear unchanged on both sides of the equation. When we mix the two solutions, neither the calcium nor nitrate ions participate in the reaction. So calcium and nitrate ions can be eliminated from the ionic equation.
Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) → AgCl (s)
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Circle the atom in each pair that has the greater electronegativity.
a) Ca Ga
b) Li O
c) C1 S
d) Br As
e) Ba Sr f) O S
Pair of each atom that has a greater electronegativity a) Ga, b) O, c) Cl, d) Br, e) Sr.
How can you determine which electronegativity is higher?On the periodic table, electronegativity generally increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group. As a result, the most electronegative elements are found on the top right of the periodic table, while the least electronegative elements are found on the bottom left.
Why is electronegativity higher?The electrons with negative charges are drawn to the positive charge protons in the nucleus.The electronegativity / attraction will rise with the amount of protons present in the nucleus.
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When you hold a textbook and a pencil, why does the textbook feel heavier than the pencil?
(1 point)
O You can grip the pencil with more strength.
O The textbook has a stronger attraction to Earth.
O The textbook has less mass than the pencil.
O Your hand repels the textbook with less force.
The textbook has a stronger attraction to Earth.
OPtion B is correct
How is speed related to gravity?As objects fall to the ground, gravity accelerates their descent. Acceleration is a change in velocity, while velocity is a measurement of the speed and direction of motion. Due to gravity, objects fall, and the further they fall, the faster they fall.
The pencil has a momentum greater than zero, whereas the textbook has zero momentum because it has no velocity.
Is gravity really nonexistent?Not having zero gravity
Contrary to common belief, there is no such thing as zero gravity. Weightlessness and zero gravity are two different ideas. The earth's gravity maintains the moon's orbit.
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Draw the best Lewis structure for
CH3CH(CH3)CH2C(CH2CH3)2CHO, a neutral molecule.
HELP PLEASE
the best Lewis structure for CH3CH(CH3)CH2C(CH2CH3)2CHO, a neutral molecule has been shown in the image
A Lewis Structure is a very simple example of a molecule's valence shell electrons. It is used to depict how electrons in a molecule are set up around individual atoms. Gilbert N. Lewis, who introduced the Lewis structure in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, was decided to name after it. Lewis structures broaden on the electron dot diagram notion by trying to add routes among atoms to portray shared pairs in a chemical bond. The Lewis Symbol is generated by putting dots chosen to represent electrons in the external energy around the element symbol.
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According to the bohr model of the atom, the single electron of a hydrogen atom circles the nucleus...a. in specific, allowed orbits.b. in one fixed orbit at all times.c. at any of an infinite number of distances, depending on its energy.d. counterclockwise.
Option C ; At any of an infinite number of distances, depending on its energy .
Bohr described the Hydrogen atoms in terms of an electron moving in a circular route about a nexus. He supposed that the electron was confined to certain pathways characterized by separate powers.It explains the emigration and absorption spreads of atomic hydrogen and hydrogen- suchlike ions with low atomic numbers. It was the first model to introduce the generality of a quantum number to describe atomic countries and to postulate quantization of electron pathways in the tittles. Bohr’s model is an important step in the development of quantum mechanics, which deals with multitudinous- electron particles. It was the first model to introduce the conception of a amount number to describe infinitesimal countries and to hypothecate quantization of electron routeways in the snippet. Bohr’s model is an important step in the development of amount mechanics, which deals with numerous- electron tittles.
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78.1g of CO₂ gas are in a rigid 48.0L container at 0°C.
What is the pressure of the gas?
According to question the pressure of the gas is 4.45 atm.
Pressure is a physical force exerted on a surface by an object or a liquid. It is measured in units of force per unit area, such as pounds per square inch (psi) or pascals (Pa). Pressure is created when a force is applied to an object, causing it to compress or expand.
The pressure of the gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
To calculate the pressure, we first need to calculate the number of moles of CO₂ gas in the container. We can do this by using the molar mass of CO₂, which is 44.01 g/mol.
n = (78.1 g CO₂) / (44.01 g/mol) = 1.77 mol
Now that we have the number of moles, we can calculate the pressure using the ideal gas law.
P = (1.77 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/K·mol)(273 K) / (48.0 L)
P = 4.45 atm
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what mass of CO2 will be produced from the reaction of 37.5 g c2h6?
The mass of carbondioxide that will be produced from the reaction of 37.5g of C₂H₆ is 110 grams.
How to calculate moles using stoichiometry?Stoichiometry is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, ethane reacts with oxygen to produce carbondioxide and water as follows:
2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O
Based on the above reaction, 2 moles of ethane produces 4 moles of carbondioxide
37.5g of ethane = 1.25moles of ethane
moles of carbondioxide = (1.25 × 4) ÷ 2 = 2.5 moles
mass of carbondioxide = 2.5mol × 44g/mol = 110grams of carbondioxide.
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what is the half-life of sodium-25 if 1.00 gram of a 16.00-gram sample of sodium-25 remains unchanged after 237 seconds?
The half-life of sodium-25 is 237 seconds.
The half-life of a radioactive substance is the amount of time it takes for half of the initial amount of the substance to decay. In this case, 1.00 gram of a 16.00-gram sample of sodium-25 remains unchanged after 237 seconds, which means that half of the initial sample has decayed in that amount of time.
Therefore, the half-life of sodium-25 is 237 seconds. It's worth mentioning that the half-life of radioactive isotopes can vary depending on the element and the specific isotope. Also, the half-life of a radioactive element is an important factor in the safe handling and disposal of nuclear waste, because it determines how long the radioactive material remains dangerous.
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A gas at 110 °C exerts a pressure
of 225 torr in a sealed container.
The temperature drops to 65 °C.
What is the pressure of the gas at
the cooler temperature?
Answer:
The pressure of the gas when the temperature drops to 65°C is 133 Torr.
Explanation:
Guy-Lussacs lawThe Gay-Lussac law is a version of the ideal gas law in which the volume of the gas remains constant. A gas's pressure is exactly proportional to its temperature while its volume remains constant. The formula can be defined like this [tex]\frac{T1}{P1} = \frac{T2}{P2}[/tex].Answer BreakdownGiven informationThe gas is initially 110°C and has a pressure of 225 Torr.The temperature of the gas drops to 65°C and the question is asking us to find the pressure drop of the gas.Set up the proportionGiven the formula: [tex]\frac{T1}{P1} = \frac{T2}{P2}[/tex], T1 = 110°C & P1 = 225 TorrT2 = 65°C & P2 = ?[tex]\frac{110C}{225 Torr} = \frac{65C}{P2}[/tex]Cross-multiply, divide, and solve110°C X P2 = 225Torr x 65°C110°CP2 = 14,625P2= 132.95 which is best rounded off to 133 Torr.Please let me know if this helped!!!
Complete this table for H2O: T. C P. kPa u, kJ/kg Phase description . 400 1450 220 Saturated vapor 190 2500 . 4000 3040
Complete this table for the H₂O :
a. T=143.61 °C , saturated mixture
b. p = 2319.6 kpa . u, kJ/kg = 2601.30
c. u, kJ/kg = 806.00, compressed liquid
d. T = 450 °C , superheated vapor
The complete table for the H₂O is as :
T [°C] p [kpa] u [kJ/kg] phase description
143.61 400 1450 Saturated mixture
220 2319.6 2601.30 Saturated vapor
190 2500 806.00 Compressed liquid
450 4000 3040 Superheated vapor
The compressed liquid is also called as a sub cool liquid, that means the substance that not about to vaporized. The super heated vapor is. the steam at the temperature higher than the vaporization point at absolute pressure.
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___is the transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid such as water or air.
Answer:
Convection
is the movement of heat by a fluid such as water or air. The fluid (liquid or gas) moves from one location to another, transferring heat along with it. This movement of a mass of heated water or air is called a current. Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.
How do you find partial pressure from mole fraction?
To find partial pressure from mole fraction, we have to multiply mole fraction with total pressure in the event.
How to find partial pressure with example?Partial pressure is a result of multiplying of mole fraction and total pressure or in formula it is written as Pfraction = molefraction x Ptotal. To make it easief for you to understand, let's see the example below:
Let say we have a room with 24.2 g of He and 4.32 g of O2 at 2.611 atm pressure. In this case, before we calculate the partial pressure we have to calculate the mole fraction
24.2 g Neon x 1 mol Neon / 20.18 g Neon = 1.199 mol Neon
4.32 g Oxygen x 1 mol Oxygen / 31.998 g O2 = 0.135 mol Oxygen.
Total moles = 1.199 x 0.135 = 1.334 mol gas
Mole fraction Ne = 1.199 mol/1.334 mol = 0.899
Mole fraction O₂ = Oxygen: 0.135/1.334 = .101
Then find the partial pressure
PNe = mole fraction Ne x Ptot = 0.899 x 2.611 atm = 2.35 atm
PO2 = mole fraction O ₂ x Ptot = 0.101 x 2.611 atm = 0.264 atm
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A reaction yields 0.00961 mol of O2 gas. What
volume will the gas occupy if it is collected at
34.0◦C and 0.922 atm pressure?
The gas will occupy 0.2624 L at 34.0 [tex]^oC[/tex] and 0.922 atm pressure.
Ideal gas problemFor an ideal gas:
PV = nRT
Where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in kelvin.
In this case:
P = 0.922 atm
V is what we are looking for
n = 0.00961 mol
R = 0.082 L atm.mol−1⋅K−1
T = 34 + 273 = 307 kelvin
Making V the subject of the formula:
V = nRT/P
= 0.00961 x 0.082 x 307/0.922
= 0.2624 L
In other words, the volume that the oxygen will occupy would be 0.2624 L.
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Identify the following reaction types as combustion, synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, or double displacement.
Answer: 1. Double replacement. 2. Combustion. 3. Single replacement. 4. Synthesis. 5. Decomposition
Explanation:
1. One of the parts of each of the reactants is swapped 2. Carbon dioxide and water are always produced in combustion. 3. One is swapped. 4. Two different things combine to make a single thing. 5. One single thing decomposes to make two different things.
Indicate whether each of the following compounds will gave an acidic, basic or neutral solution when dissolved in water.
ammonium nitrate
barium hypochlorite barium nitrate
potassium nitrite
The pH will be less than 7.
The pH wil be approximately equal to 7
The pH will be greater than 7
When a solution is acidic, its pH will vary from 0 to 6.9. The pH of a basic solution may range from 7.1 to 14. When a solution is neutral, its pH will be 7.
What is an example of a solution?A solution is a uniform mixture made up of two or more elements that have particles smaller than one nanometer. There are many different types of solutions, such as soda water, salt-and-sugar solutions, and others. A solution looks to have one phase for each component.
What does the word "solution" signify in its perfect form?A solution in chemistry is a mixture of several substances in quantities that can be adjusted up to
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HELP ME PLEASE ASAP I NEED HELP WITH QUESTION 1.2
The section of the periodic table in Figure 1 that is most likely to contain element R is section A.
What is the explanation about above answer?Based on the information you provided, element Q is a dull solid with a melting point of 44 °C and does not conduct electricity. These properties suggest that element Q is likely a non-metal. Therefore, the section of the periodic table in Figure 1 that is most likely to contain element Q is section B. This is because non-metals have a low melting and boiling point and they are poor conductors of electricity.Regarding element R, the information provided is its formula R2+ and R3+. These formulas suggest that element R is likely a metal and has a positive charge. Therefore, the section of the periodic table in Figure 1 that is most likely to contain element R is section A. This is because most of the elements in section A are metals and they have positive charges. Since the given information is not enough to determine the position of the element R precisely, however, it's likely that section A is the most probable one.To learn more about conductor refer:
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What is 4NA + 8CI2= NaCi
The coefficient that would be in the front of NaCl will be 2.
Mole ratio of reactants in reactionsThe normal balanced equation of reaction between sodium (Na) and chlorine molecule (Cl2) is as follows:
[tex]2Na + Cl_2 --- > 2NaCl[/tex]
Thus 2 moles of Na is required to completely react with 1 mole of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] to produce 1 mole of NaCl.
In the reaction depicted reaction 4 moles of Na and 12 moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] were made available for the production of NaCl. However, the mole ratio for a complete reaction is 2 moles of Na to 1 mole of NaCl.
2 moles Na = 1 mole NaCl
4 moles Na = 4x1/2 = 2 moles NaCl
This means that the coefficient of NaCl in the equation should be 2.
However, there is a catch. The [tex]Cl_2[/tex] seems to be in excess.
2 moles Na = 1 mole of [tex]Cl_2[/tex]
4 moles Na = 4x1/2
= 2 moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex]
This means about 6 moles of [tex]Cl_2[/tex] will be in excess.
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4Na + 8Cl2 ---------> ? NaCl
What is the coefficient that belongs in front of NaCl?
2Ca3(PO4)2+6SiO2+10C-> 6CaSiO3+P4+10CO
Refer to the information above. If you use .57 mol of Ca3(PO4)2 and an excess of silicon dioxide and carbon, how many moles of phosphorus will be produced?
Calcium phosphate can be converted into phosphorus using the following reaction: 6CaSiO3-(aq) + 2Ca3(PO4)2(s) = 6SiO2(s) + 10C(s).
With 114.95 g of phosphorus, how many molecules of phosphorus are there?Thus, the amount of moles for phosphorus is equal to the quantity of phosphorous divided by its molar mass. Now divide the molarity of phosphorus, which is 31 g each mole and weighs 114.95 g. Graham and this crime should cancel each other out. And after solving, 3.71 malls result.
How many moles of the formula are produced?You need to know the product's mass and its molarity (h t), which corresponds to the mass with one mole of the product, in order to determine the moles of the a substance.
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What type of reaction is represented by the following equation:
Mg(ClO3)2(s) --> MgCl2(s) + 3 O2(g)
A. single replacement
B. synthesis
C. decomposition
D. combustion
6. What is the IUPAC name for the following compound? C(CH3)3 CH2CH(CH3)2
A. 3-t-butyl-5-isobutylnonanedioic acid
B. 3-isopropyl-4-isobutyloctanoic acid
C. 4-t-isopropyl-5-isobutylnonanedioic acid
D. 4-f-isopropyl-5-secbutylnonanedioic acid
The correct IUPAC name for the given compound is C. 4-t-isopropyl-5-isobutylnonanedioic acid.
What is a compound?A compound is a material that results from the chemical bonding of two or more elements. The elements contained in mixes are not chemically linked to one another.
Ionic and covalent bonds are the two most frequent forms of bonding that hold components together in compounds.
It is important to note that IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic compounds and it has a set of rules and guidelines to follow.
It is best to use a software or an online tool to get the IUPAC name of a compound as it can be complex and time-consuming task to do by hand.
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What is the % yield if 4 moles of hydrogen is reacted with 3 moles of oxygen and produces 3 moles of water?
% yield if 4 moles of hydrogen react with 3 moles of oxygen to form 3 moles of water (H2 + 1/2 O2 -> H2O). a. 25%.
How many moles of H2O are produced from 3 moles of oxygen?That indicates that their mole ratio is one, making it simple to calculate how many moles of water H 20 there are. That will be equivalent to two times the amount of oxygen in moles. That is three multiplied. Thus, we have the quantity of H2 that is equal to six moles.Four moles of water will be created when four moles of hydrogen gas are burned in an environment with an abundance of oxygen.Multiply the molar mass of the product by the predicted moles per unit. The molar mass of HF, for instance, is 20 grammes. The theoretical yield is 80 grammes if 4 moles of HF are anticipated. Subtract the theoretical yield from the product's actual yield.To learn more about hydrogen refer to:
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What type of cells are contained within the digestive tract lining?
The digestive tract lining is made up of a variety of different cell types.
These cells include absorptive cells, which absorb nutrients from the food we eat, goblet cells, which secrete mucus to protect the digestive tract, enteroendocrine cells, which produce hormones to regulate digestion, and brush border cells, which help break down food particles.
All of these cell types work together to ensure that the digestive process runs smoothly and efficiently.
The digestive tract is lined with a type of cell known as epithelial cells. These cells are responsible for protecting the internal organs in the digestive system, absorbing nutrients, and secreting digestive enzymes. Epithelial cells also help to regulate the passage of fluids and electrolytes in and out of the body.
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The absolute configuration of any amino acid is shown by pointing H at the rear, R group in the right direction, -COOH group at the left direction, and NH3 groups would be pointing upwards.
The absolute configuration of any of the amino acid is :
H H
| |
HOOC - C - NH₂ H₂N - C - COOH
| |
CH₃ CH₃
The configuration of the amino acid is indicated by the pointing H at the rear, the R group is in the right direction , The COOH group is in the left direction and the NH₃ group in the upward direction.
H H
| |
HOOC - C - NH₂ H₂N - C - COOH
| |
CH₃ CH₃
D - amino acid L - amino acid
The proteins which are naturally obtained are consist of the L - amino acid. The L - of the amino acid are the one that found in the nature easily.
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->>
16) Which of the following single-replacement reactions will result in NO REACTION?
A. Na(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq)
B. Na(s) + Al(NO3)2(aq) ->
C. Na(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) ->>
D. Na(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq) →>>
E. Na(s) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)