If a cell exposed to the toxins in tobacco smoke if it had the right receptors to respond, It would activate or inactivate an enzyme.
Many studies have been undertaken to reveal how tobacco smoke skews immune responses contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases.
Cigarette smoking induces the activity of human cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A2 and 2B6. These enzymes metabolize several clinically important drugs.
The drugs metabolized by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and UGT enzymes might be affected by tobacco smoking and enzymes, may need higher doses due to decreased plasma concentrations.
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Adhesion is best described as _____.
Adhesion can be best described as the force of attraction between two substances.
When it comes to the forces of attraction, there can be two types of forces, that is, cohesive forces and adhesive forces. Cohesive forces are those forces which bind two molecules present in the same substance. For example, a drop of water consists of only water molecules which are bound together.
Adhesion or adhesive forces are the forces of attraction between the molecules of different substances. For example, when we will the water in a glass up to the brim, the water does not fall due to the forces between the glass and water.
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1. There are 2, 472 parent cells. Each cell has 7 chromosomes.
a. After mitosis, how many daughter cells will be produced?
b. After mitosis, how many chromosomes does a daughter cell
• have?
2. There are 2, 472 daughter cells. Each cell has
12 chromosomes.
a. Before mitosis, how many parent cells were there?
b. Before mitosis, how many chromosomes does parent a cell
• have?
Answer:
1. a) 4,944
b) 7
2. a) 1,236
b) 12
Explanation:
The cell cycle is typically extremely organized and involves a carefully choreographed sequence of processes. Cytokinesis is the division of a cell's cytoplasm, whereas mitosis and meiosis are two separate types of nuclear division.
Mitosis divides the initial nucleus into two identical nuclei. Meiosis, on the other hand, produces four nuclei, each with half the chromosome count of the original cell. Meiosis occurs solely in the cells that give rise to reproductive cells in animals (gametes).
Meiosis means "half," which is a form of cell division in which four daughter cells are formed, each having half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis is a form of cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell.
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Specifically, where (location and which step) the Sugar is made (and chemical formula)
Specifically, where (location and which step) Oxygen is made (and chemical formula)
How does Oxygen exit the cell for photosynthesis?
Specifically, where (location and which step) Carbon Dioxide is used (and chemical formula)
Where is Water (location and which step) used (and chemical formula)
How does water get into a plant?
Where in the organelles Photosynthesis occurs?
What are the types of products of Photosynthesis (glucose, cellulose, starches etc.)
The products of photosynthesis are glucose (C6H12O6), oxygen (O2), and water (H2O). Glucose is the primary product of photosynthesis, and is used by the plant as an energy source.
What is glucose?
Glucose is a type of sugar found in the blood. It is used as a source of energy in the body, and is produced by the digestion of carbohydrates. Glucose is also a key component of many metabolic pathways in the body. It can be used to produce energy directly, or it can be converted into other forms of energy such as fat or glycogen. Glucose is an important source of energy for the body, and is essential for proper functioning of its organs and tissues. It is also important for the metabolism of fats and proteins, and is essential for brain and muscle functioning. It is also essential for the prevention of hypoglycemia, which can be dangerous if left untreated.
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2. Which of the following cranial bones does not form the calvaria?
a) parietal
b) temporal
c) ethmoid
d) frontal
The following cranial bones do not form the calvaria in an animal and that is the ethmoid bone, also known as the skull cap, is considered one of the top bones of the skull.
What is the significance of the calvaria?is the top portion of the skull that encloses the brain and is formed by the two parietal bones, the frontal bone, and the ethmoid bone, which is a complex bone located in the center of the skull and generally separates the nasal cavity from the brain.
Hence, the following cranial bones do not form the calvaria in an animal and that is the ethmoid bone, also known as the skull cap, is considered one of the top bones of the skull.
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Part B: Conduct Background Research
Research is the first step in engineering an eco-friendly home that saves energy and protects biodiversity. Begin by selecting a location for your house anywhere in the United States. You could choose your own neighborhood or pick a location in a different state.
The first step in engineering an eco-friendly home that saves energy and protects biodiversity might be the installation of solar panels in order to obtain energy, which allows the saving of important resources in the overall ecosystem and thus may protect biodiversity. Solar panels may be installed in any location in the USA and worldwide but they are more efficient in areas of low latitude due to the presence of more sunlight.
What is solar energy?Solar energy is a renewable source of energy that allows us to save electrical energy which may be produced by using important resources of the ecosystem when it is derived from non renewable sources such as fossil fuels (e.g., coil).
Therefore, with this data, we can see that solar energy can be used to protect the overall ecosystem in a given region and worldwide by saving resources that may affect the ecosystem.
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How is the human proteome project different from the human genome project
The human proteome project is to experimentally observe all of the proteins produced by the sequences translated from the human genome while the human genome project was to generate the first sequence of the human genome is to generate the first sequence of the human genome.
What is a Genome?This is referred to as the entire set of DNA instructions found in a cell and it consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes located in the cell's nucleus.
The human proteome project was different from the human genome project such that the former was to experiment on the proteins produced by the sequences translated from the human genome while the latter was to generate the first sequence of the human genome.
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All cells contain genetic information in the form of dna. cellular membranes. proteins. clnap.
All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA. deoxyribonucleic acid store the heredity information for next generation.
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the heritable material in humans and nearly all other organisms. nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA. The maturity of DNA is set up in the cell nexus( appertained to as nuclear DNA), but a small quantum can also be set up in the mitochondria( where it's called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert energy from food into a form that cells canuse.The information in DNA is stored as a law made up of four chemical bases adenine( A), guanine( G), cytosine( C), and thymine( T).
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describe how the shape of the ligand and the shape of the receptor are related
The shape of the ligand and the shape of the receptor are related because eаch ligаnd binds to а specific receptor, аnd the logаn fits exаctly into the receptor, like а lock аnd key.
When а hormone enters а cell аnd binds to its receptor, it cаuses the receptor to chаnge shаpe, аllowing the receptor-hormone complex to enter the nucleus (if it wаsn’t there аlreаdy) аnd regulаte gene аctivity. Hormone binding exposes regions of the receptor thаt hаve DNА-binding аctivity, meаning they cаn аttаch to specific sequences of DNА. These sequences аre found next to certаin genes in the DNА of the cell, аnd when the receptor binds next to these genes, it аlters their level of trаnscription.
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How many different mutations have been identified for cystic fibrosis?
As of 2019, more than 2,000 different mutations have been identified for cystic fibrosis.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that impacts the lungs, digestive system, and other organs of the body. It is caused by a mutation in a gene known as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This gene produces a protein that controls the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. When the CFTR gene is mutated, the protein cannot function properly, leading to thickened and sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and trap bacteria.
The exact number of CFTR mutations is unknown, but researchers have identified more than 2,000 different mutations associated with cystic fibrosis. Some of these mutations are more common than others, but all of them can cause the same symptoms. The severity of the symptoms, however, can vary depending on the specific mutation.
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What will be the volume of an object that mass is 100 g and density is 0.8 G/mL
This calculator will calculate object density based on the mass and volume inputted, and it will display two conversion levels for mass and density.
Was conversion a technical term?
What is the definition of conversion? Biblically speaking, conversion refers to a turning—a spiritual moving toward Christ in faith and away from sin through repentance. It is a drastic veering off of one road to pursue a completely different one.
What different sorts of conversion are there?
Conventional conversion, no translation, and user-defined non - standard conversion are the three different forms of conversion that are available. A conversion factor is a ratio expressed as a fraction that equals.
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Section 2: Conduct internet research on your selected ecosystem to help you generate a list of three criteria and two constraints. Your criteria and constraints should consider relevant factors to the problem, such as costs, reliability, safety (to humans and wildlife), human needs, environmental impact, local biodiversity, and the aesthetics of the area. List the criteria in order of most to least important and assign each to a related sub-problem. In the rationale column, explain why you placed your criteria in the order you selected.
Please use the Kitakami River Region
The largest environmental problem brought on by fertiliser use is water contamination from nitrate and phosphate. The nitrogen from manures and fertilisers is eventually converted into nitrates by bacteria in the soil.
What is an ecosystem?Plants, animals, and other species interact with their surroundings, the weather, and other elements in an ecosystem to produce a "bubble of life." Ecosystems cohabit with biotic and abiotic factors, or nonliving elements.. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other species. A group of living things (plants, animals, and bacteria) in a certain location is referred to as an ecosystem.Eco denotes a geographical area on the world, whereas system denotes the organising components.
Why is ecosystem important?Healthy ecosystems maintain our soil's fertility, clean the air, control the climate, recycle nutrients, and give us food. All civilizations are built on them, and they also power our economies.
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Which of the following factors is most likely to increase genetic variation in a population?a. natural selectionb. mutationsc. non-random matingd. genetic drifte. stabilizing selection
Mutation factors are most likely to increase genetic variation in a population.
Hence, Option B is correct.
Changing an organism's DNA sequence is known as a mutation. An infection with a virus, exposure to mutagens, or mistakes in DNA replication during cell division can all cause mutations. anything that alters a cell's DNA sequence. Both exposures to environmental DNA-damaging chemicals and mistakes made during cell division can result in mutations. The effects of a mutation can be neutral, negative, or both. A genetic mutation is an alteration to the DNA sequence of a gene that results in the production of a new organism. The DNA sequence of that gene undergoes a permanent modification. Human evolution, which is the process of change across generations, depends on the genetic variety.To know more about mutation here
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May someone help me with this? Please...50 POINTS!!!!
Answer: Most likely 74, if you count how many lines the orange goes up until the next one is located you can tell it goes up by 4 lines everytime
Explanation: I think im smart
A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one
A) carboxyl group
B) hydroxyl group
C) carbonyl group
D) long carbon chain
E) carbon-carbon double bond
A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one carbon-carbon double bond.
A polyunsaturated fatty acid is a type of fatty acid that contains more than one carbon-carbon double bond. This means that there are multiple places in the fatty acid where two carbon atoms are bonded together with a double bond, rather than a single bond. The presence of these double bonds results in a kink in the fatty acid's long carbon chain, which can affect the properties and behavior of the fatty acid. These fatty acids are considered beneficial for heart health, however, it is important to consume them in moderation as part of a healthy diet.
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Cane toads are large, nonnative, poisonous toads in australia. After cane toads entered australia, scientists observed that the average head size in a population of toad-eating snakes was getting smaller. Snakes with smaller heads are not able to eat the large cane toads. What is this an example of?.
Directional choice. Natural selection is a process through which organisms learn to adapt to changes in their environment so they can survive and thrive there.
What effects have cane toads had on Australian ecosystems since they arrived?Large, foreign, venomous toads called "cane toads" are found in Australia. Scientists noticed that a population of toad-eating snakes was increasing smaller on average after cane toads arrived in Australia. The huge cane toads cannot be consumed by snakes with smaller heads.
Why did the number of cane toads increase in Australia?After being imported to Australia to manage destructive beetles in Queensland's sugarcane plantations, cane toads turned into a nuisance. Cane toads continue to spread throughout Australia because they may poison animals that try to eat them.
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What experiments do we do to show that plants need water?
Answer:
Soil Testing
Explanation:
One experiment you could conduct is checking the soil texture and moisture. If you stick your finger about one inch into the soil, and it is still dry, this indicates that you need to water your plant. However, all plants have different methods of care, so it's best to research that one plant first.
What is the MOST likely difference between ancient and modern biotechnology?
A. Ancient biotech was the result of accidents.
B. Ancient biotech focused on medicine.
C. Modern biotech occurs in a laboratory.
D. Modern biotech focuses on agriculture.
Modern biotech occurs in a laboratory. So , the correct option is (C).
What is Modern Biotechnology?Modern biotechnology is used to distinguish new applications of biotechnology, such as genetic engineering and cell fusion, from more traditional methods such as breeding, or fermentation.
This technology involves creating useful products from whole organisms or parts of organisms, such as molecules, cells, tissues, and organs. This includes genetically modified plants and animals, cell therapy, and nanotechnology. Modern biotechnology includes genetic engineering, bioinformatics and bioprocess engineering.
Thus, Modern biotech occurs in a laboratory. So , the correct option is (C).
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Option C best reflects the primary difference between ancient and modern biotechnology.
The most likely difference between ancient and modern biotechnology is:
C. Modern biotech occurs in a laboratory.
Ancient biotechnology often emerged as a result of accidental discoveries or observations of natural phenomena, whereas modern biotechnology is a more deliberate and controlled process conducted in laboratory settings.
Modern biotechnology involves the use of advanced techniques, tools, and scientific knowledge to manipulate and engineer biological systems for various purposes, including medicine, agriculture, and industry.
While ancient biotechnology may have had a focus on medicine, modern biotechnology has a broader scope and encompasses various applications beyond medicine, including agriculture, environmental conservation, and industrial processes.
Therefore option C best reflects the primary difference between ancient and modern biotechnology.
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Will give brainliest! which of the following is the best description of cell division that takes place through the process of meiosis
A. humans begin producing sperm/egg cells in the early stages of their life
B. a sperm cell and egg cell combine, forming a zygote
C. an embryo is growing and developing in the womb
D. skin cells are constantly being replaced as old ones shed away every day
Meiosis is the process of haploid gamete production from a diploid germ cell. Option A) humans begin producing sperm/egg cells in the early stages of their life.
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a cell division process that produces gametes from germ cells. Through Meiosis, a diploid cell (2n) produces four haploid daughter cells (n).
After DNA replication there are two meiotic phases.
The first one is a reductive phase, in which homologous chromosomes separate. In the second phase, the cell suffers a new, not reductive division.Gametes' destiny is to merge in the process of fecundation, during which a new diploid cell called zygote emerges through fertilization.
The zygote is a complete cell from the structural point of view that suffer successive mitosis to form the new organism.
The correct option is A) humans begin producing sperm/egg cells in the early stages of their life.
B. a sperm cell and egg cell combine, forming a zygote
This is part of the fecundation/fertillization process, not meiosis.
C. an embryo is growing and developing in the womb
Embryo growth occurs due to successive mitosis, not meiosis.
D. skin cells are constantly being replaced as old ones shed away every day.
Skin cells reproduce through mitosis, not meiosis.
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Which term describes an organism that has identical alleles for a trait?homozygousheterozygousdominantrecessive
Homozygous describes an organism that has identical alleles for a trait.
In general , If an organism has identical alleles for any trait, then it will be known as Homozygous such as AA or aa alleles. also when alleles are paired then the organism's genotype is known as homozygous for that trait on the other hand if they are different, then genotype is known as heterozygous.
Homozygous can also be defined as presence of two similar alleles at a same gene locus. A homozygous genotype may also include two normal alleles or two alleles that have the same variant. For example if An organism have two dominant alleles for a trait then it is said as homozygous dominant genotype. dominant trait for eye color can be written as BB.
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what does the salivary glands do in the digestive system?
The salivary glands function to produce saliva which contains amylase for digesting carbohydrate food.
What is the role of the salivary gland?The salivary gland is located below our jaw. There are three types of salivary glands; sublingual, submandibular, and parotid.
Salivary glands have a role in saliva production. This saliva will lubricate our mouth, maintain the pH balance and keep our mouth clean. Besides that, In the digestion process, saliva itself contains an enzyme named amylase which breaks down carbohydrates (starch) into smaller ones. It results in the food will be easier to be further digested in the next organ.
Thus, with the presence of saliva produced by the salivary gland, mouth becomes the first place to digest carbohydrate food.
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where do the processes happen?
a. photosynthesis as a whole:
b. light-dependent reactions:
c. calvin cycle:
Answer:
Explanation:
a. Photosynthesis as a whole: Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis.
b. Light-dependent reactions: The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. These reactions involve the absorption of light by pigments, mainly chlorophyll, which then transfer the energy to specialized protein complexes. These protein complexes then generate ATP and NADPH, which are used in the next stage of photosynthesis.
c. Calvin cycle: The Calvin cycle, also known as the dark reactions, take place in the stroma of chloroplasts. The stroma is the fluid-filled area outside the thylakoid membrane. The Calvin cycle is where the chemical energy generated during the light-dependent reactions is used to fix carbon dioxide into glucose and other sugars, using the energy stored in the ATP and NADPH molecules.
In summary, photosynthesis, the process that allows plants to convert light energy into chemical energy, occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane and the Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts.
whats better cats or dogs? why
Answer:
dogs
Explanation:
they can be trained way easier than cats. and they make a great companions bc if you treat them right they will love and protect you. unlike cats who would rather protect themselves
The Geologic Time Scale is broken up into several periods of time, how is each period different?
The units of the geologic time scale are eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages.
How is Earth's geologic time scale broken into different periods?The geologic time scale is the representation of time based on the rock record of the Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chrono stratigraphy and geochronology. It is used by Earth scientists (including geologists, paleontologists, geophysicists, geochemists, and paleo climatologists) to describe the timing and relationships of events in the geologic history.
The calendar for events in the Earth history is the geologic time scale. Eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages are only a few of the named units of abstract time that it divides all of time into.
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The five-kingdom system of classification reflects the idea that all organisms can be separated into two main groups: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The new six-kingdom system recognizes three broader groups called domains, that include six kingdoms. How does the domain eukarya differ from the other two domains?.
Due to the fact that every organism in the domain Eukarya has eukaryotic cells, it stands out from the other two domains.
What was the 5 kingdom classification and what was the rationale behind classifying life into 5 kingdoms?Whittaker proposed the categorization of the five kingdoms. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia are the five kingdoms. Animalia is the name given to the heterotrophic kingdom of species that rely on other organisms for nourishment.
According to the outdated five-kingdom classification scheme, which kingdom contains all prokaryotic organisms?The most popular classification scheme is the Five Kingdom system, which divides the three main branches of multicellular eukaryotes into distinct Kingdoms and groups all prokaryotes (organisms without nuclear membranes) into a single Kingdom called Monera.
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The transfer of genes from one population to another drives the changes that occur in populations a permanent change in the dna sequence of a gene the random change in the frequency of an allele in a population.
The mechаnism to the following stаtements аre:
а. The trаnsfer of genes from one populаtion to аnother is gene flow.
b. Drives the chаnges thаt occur in populаtions аre due to nаturаl selection.
c. А permаnent chаnge in the DNА sequence of а gene is mutаtion.
d. The rаndom chаnge in the frequency of аn аllele in а populаtion is genetic drift.
Evolution is the process by which populаtions of orgаnisms chаnge over generаtions. Genetic vаriаtions underlie these chаnges. Genetic vаriаtions cаn аrise from gene vаriаnts (аlso cаlled mutаtions) or from а normаl process in which genetic mаteriаl is reаrrаnged аs а cell is getting reаdy to divide (known аs genetic recombinаtion).
Genetic vаriаtions thаt аlter gene аctivity or protein function cаn introduce different trаits in аn orgаnism. If а trаit is аdvаntаgeous аnd helps the individuаl survive аnd reproduce, the genetic vаriаtion is more likely to be pаssed to the next generаtion (а process known аs nаturаl selection).
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was
Identify the mechanism discussed below.
a. The transfer of genes from one population to another:
b. Drives the changes that occur in populations:
c. A permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene:
d. The random change in the frequency of an allele in a population:
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What is the concentration of an aqueous solution that contains 1. 5 moles of nacl in 500. Milliliters (0. 5 l) of this solution?.
Answer:
The molarity of the solution is 5.1 mol/L .
Baed on the propoed ignaling pathway, predict the relative amount of phophorylated to unphophorylated kinae D
in the Brec-WT
cell when the cell are grown in nutrient broth lacking B
The relative amount of phosphorylated kinase D will be less than the unphosphorylated Kinase D protein as lacks the first messenger B.
It is given that protein A is involved in the stimulation of growth and blood vessels form in the cell.
In presence of first messenger B:
The process takes place when signal B is present in the nutrient broth, this B attaches to Brec wild protein which initiates the signaling cascade.In presence of signaling, there is phosphorylation of D (inactive), which is converted into phosphorylated D (activated ).In absence of the first messenger B:
So if signal B is absent in the nutrient broth, then there will be no activation of the Brec receptor and no phosphorylation of the D protein. In this condition, the phosphorylated D amount will be less in the cell than the unphosphorylated D.
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What qualities do psychiatrists need?
The most common form of psychotherapy is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). It is the most frequent type of psychotherapy prescribed in the United States, and it is the most successful.
CBT is useful for learning and coping with the issues involved in depression, anxiety, and other problems that can cause a person great distress. It is also useful for learning to accept and deal with our own problems. Therapy can help us to overcome or minimize the negative aspects of our lives.
CBT is one of the two major types of psychotherapy in the United States. The other is psychodynamic treatment. (CBT is a behavioral therapy; psychodynamic therapy is a mental-health approach.) Psychodynamic therapy emphasizes the role that psychological and emotional factors play in our lives. It is particularly useful for helping people who are not currently depressed or anxious.
Psychodynamic therapy is a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist takes the role of a psychoanalyst. The therapist acts as a guide for the patient, helping him or her understand the reason for the problems that have caused the patient's depression or anxiety, and helping the patient become aware of the patterns of thinking and behavior that may be causing these problems. The therapist helps the patient identify the specific thoughts and feelings that are causing the depression or anxiety.
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Which would least likely be a cause of natural selection?adaptationevolutionoverpopulationvariation
Least likely be a cause of natural selection the correct option is (c).Overpopulation.
The principle of the fittest surviving has to do with natural selection. Natural selection is therefore influenced by adaptation, variety, and overcrowding; those who do not adjust to their new environments due to overpopulation or those whose bodies have not undergone sufficient modification will not survive.
Evolution is a result of natural selection. Natural selection results from evolution. Evolution and natural selection are the same thing. Natural selection and evolution are unrelated. Evolution is a result of natural selection. A individual with sickle cell disease has the HbSS genotype. It is the main driving force of evolution. Charles Darwin's main ideas were written on the board by Veronica, however one of them had an error. The organisms in a population must reproduce since the environment cannot support as many offspring as they generate.
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Which is a reason that organic farming is more expensive?
Simply said, operating an organic farm is more expensive than a conventional one.
The cost of materials used in organic farming, from natural fertilizers to organic animal feed, is significantly more than the cost of synthetic, chemical, and GMO resources used in conventional farming.
Food that has been grown and processed without the use of pesticides or fertilizers made of synthetic materials is known as "organically grown" food. When growing food organically, pesticides from natural sources (such as biological pesticides) may be utilized. Organic farming is a growth strategy that helps in various strategies leading to income rise but overall it is an expensive procedure.It needs to be undertaken with care and proper resourcesTo know more about Organic farming here
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