When a private market fails to deliver an optimal quantity of goods and services, it is referred to as market failure. Market failure occurs when the free market mechanism is unable to allocate resources efficiently, leading to suboptimal outcomes. In such cases, government intervention or other corrective measures may be necessary to address the market failure and ensure the provision of goods and services at an optimal level.
Market failure is a concept in economics that describes a situation where the free market fails to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. The private market, driven by supply and demand forces, is unable to deliver an optimal quantity of goods and services to meet society's needs. This can occur due to various reasons such as externalities, market power, public goods, and information asymmetry.
Externalities, such as pollution or the impact of certain activities on third parties, can lead to market failure. When the cost or benefit of a good or service extends beyond the buyer and seller, the private market may not consider these external effects in determining prices and quantities, resulting in suboptimal outcomes.
Market power, where a single firm or a small group of firms have significant control over the market, can also lead to market failure. In such cases, the dominant players may restrict output or charge high prices, leading to inefficient resource allocation and reduced consumer welfare.
Public goods, such as national defense or clean air, have characteristics that make it difficult for private markets to provide them efficiently. The non-excludable and non-rival nature of public goods means that individuals cannot be excluded from consuming them, and one person's consumption does not diminish others' ability to consume. Without government intervention or collective action, private markets may underprovide public goods.
Information asymmetry, where one party has more information than the other, can also lead to market failure. When buyers or sellers have incomplete or asymmetric information about the quality or characteristics of a product, it can result in adverse selection or moral hazard problems, causing market inefficiencies.
To address market failures, governments may intervene through regulations, taxes, subsidies, or the provision of public goods. These interventions aim to correct the suboptimal outcomes and ensure the efficient allocation of resources to meet society's needs.
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Budgets need to be fair and attainable for employees to consider the budget important in their normal daily activities. Which of the following situations will not lead to human behavior problems
The correct option is : Allowing employees the opportunity to be a part of the budget process.
What is Budget?A budget is a plan on how a business will attain its profits objectives. It shows how a firm will allocate its scarce resources to various units to achieve its overall goals. A budget can be prepared on a bottom-up basis where each department sets its targets under the guidance of top management. The top management can also prepare the budget and pass it down to various units for implementation.
When a budget is prepared from bottom to top, employees get involved in the process. It makes them own the document and its objectives. The employees will feel motivated to work as a team to meet their targets. A budget indicates the direction where the business is heading. If employees are involved in the budgeting process, they will help management to steer the company in the intended direction.
Therefore, we can conclude that the correct option is C.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:
Budgets need to be fair and attainable for employees to consider the budget important in their normal daily activities. Which of the following situations will not lead to human behavior problems:
a. Setting goals among managers that conflict with one another.
b. Setting goals too tightly making it difficult to meet performance expectation.
c. Allowing employees the opportunity to be a part of the budget process.
d. Allowing goals to be so low that employees develop a "spend it or lose it" attitude.
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Eli purchased a vacation house on February 27, 2020. During 2021, he spent 24 days there, and rented it at fair rental price for 118 days. The house was vacant for the remainder of the year. If Eli uses the Tax Court method, what is the applicable percentage he should use for deducting mortgage interest and real estate tax expenses on his Schedule E
The applicable percentage that he should use for deducting mortgage interest and real estate tax expenses on his Schedule E is 32.24%.
How to calculate the percentage?Under the Tax Court method, Eric can deduct the mortgage interest and real estate taxes equivalent to the number of days the property was rented divided by the total number of the days in the year.
Here the property has been rented for 118 days out of the total 366 days in a year(leap year-2020).
The deductible percentage:
(No of days rented / No of days in a year)*100
=(118 days /366 days)*100
=32.24%
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As shift supervisor, Cassandra developed the schedule for the day, indicating which of her staff would be doing which job. The staff follows this schedule because of Cassandra's ______ power.
The staff follows this schedule because of Cassandra's legitimate power.
As a result, the organization as a whole and the followers' attitudes change for the better. The four I's, often known as the four distinguishing behaviors of transformational leaders, are typically displayed. Inspirational motivation, idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration are examples of these activities.Personalized power, or power oriented at assisting oneself, can be used to advance one's own selfish goals rather than those of others or the organization. This type of power can give the word "power" a negative reputation.Which of the following are considered soft influence tactics?Personal appeal, consultation, inspirational appeal, ingratiation, and reasonable persuasion are examples of soft methods. Compared to strong methods, soft techniques provide the person being persuaded greater freedom in determining whether or not to accept the influence.Learn more about legitimate power
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The Congress lowered taxes to aid in the recovery of a recession. This is an example of
Select one:
O contractionary monetary policy
O expansionary fiscal policy
O contractionary fiscal policy
nondiscretionary fiscal policy
When the Congress lowered taxes to aid in the recovery of a recession, it is an example of a expansionary fiscal policy.
What is an expansionary fiscal policy?Fiscal policies are deliberate steps taken by the government to stimulate the economy in order to cause the economy to move to full employment and price stability more quickly than it might otherwise.
Fiscal policies can either be expansionary or contractionary. Expansionary fiscal policy is when the government increases the money supply in the economy either by increasing spending or cutting taxes.
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When managers try to inspire and fuel worker creativity, they are involved in the management function of:________
When managers try to inspire and fuel worker creativity, they are involved in the management function of leading.
Leading is a function which involves articulating a vision, energizing employees, influence, persuasion, inspiring and motivating people using vision and effective communication skills.
Leading is the process of stimulating high performance by the members of the organization. This function gets many members of the organization on board with the created plan.
Normally, this means that while connecting with direct reports or teammates on a personal level. In this Understanding what drives individuals within the team allows a manager to design strategies around motivating, incentivizing, mobilizing, and arousing a desire to contribute.
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How have the top ten countries of birth for naturalized u. S. Citizens changed from 2008 to 2017?.
Get-away Inc. is a vacation planning company. It provides various holiday packages, such as camping outdoors, adventure sports, island getaways, countryside wine tasting, cruises, and trekking, based on the vacation activities that its consumers prefer. Which of the following types of segmentation does this represent?
Get-away represents lifestyle segmentation.
What is lifestyle segmentation?Customer lifestyle segmentation is the technique of breaking each customer's information into small sub-groups. These sub-groups are created using data from each and every consumer. These groups are formed in order to make conclusions regarding customer preferences, likes, and dislikes.One method of market segmentation is lifestyle segmentation. It is directly related to psychographic segmentation. The AIO is the most extensively utilized instrument for lifestyle segmentation (Activities, interests, and opinions).The idea is to target one or more lifestyle categories with your marketing mix.Therefore, Get-away represents lifestyle segmentation.
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Critical infrastructure such as utilities and hospitals are which partners responsibility
Critical infrastructure such as utilities and hospitals are the responsibility of the private sector partners.
What is the private sector?It corresponds to the set of organizations existing in a place where there is no government management, that is, the public sector is not directly responsible. Some examples are private companies and universities, which are private institutions whose objective may or may not be profit generation.
Therefore, the private sector may be responsible for managing critical infrastructure as long as it meets all requirements laid down in the law.
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The right to use a specific business' name and sell its products or services in a given territory is a(n) agreement.
The right to use a specific business' name and sell its products or services in a given territory is a Franchising agreement.
What is Franchising ?A franchise is the right to use a specific business's name and sell its products or services in a given territory. Franchises are one of the two special forms of business ownership that are additions to the three major forms of business ownership.
Some people, uncomfortable with the idea of starting their own business from scratch, would rather join a business with a proven track record through a franchise agreement.
A franchise agreement is an arrangement whereby someone with a good idea for a business (the franchisor) sells the rights to use the business name and sell a product or service (the franchise) to others (the franchisees) in a given territory. A franchise can be formed as a sole proprietorship, a partnership, or a corporation. Franchises provide distinct advantages of starting and managing a small business, but there are potential drawbacks as well.
Therefore, we can conclude that Franchising agreement is the right to use a specific business' name and sell its products or services in a given territory.
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Direct and digital marketing most typically involve targeting broad segments of customers.
a. true
b. false
This statement - Direct and digital marketing most typically involve targeting broad segments of customers is false
Online marketing, commonly referred to as "digital marketing," is the delivery of advertising through digital channels to support brands and connect potential customers through the internet and other digital communication channels.
Digital marketing examples include: Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Social Media Marketing (SMM), and Search Engine Marketing (SEM)
Both a basic set of hard skills—which can be learned fairly easily—and a longer list of career attributes—which may take years to master—are necessary for success in digital marketing.
There are many remote or home-based digital marketing positions available. Digital marketing can be an excellent alternative for anyone wishing to change careers without returning to school or relocating to a big city because you can pick up a lot of essential marketing skills while working.
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A ______ is one in which children of all income levels attend at taxpayer expense.
A common school is one in which children of all income levels attend at taxpayer expense.
When elected secretary of the newly formed Massachusetts State Board of Education in 1837, he used his position to enact major educational reforms. He led the common school movement and ensured that every child had access to a primary education funded by local taxes.
Three characteristics of the common school movement: All children attended the same school and were taught the same political and social ideologies. The government used community schools as a government policy instrument. The state has set up an agency to manage local schools.
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Technically, a supply chain stretches from raw materials and parts all the way to customer delivery.
Technically, a supply chain stretches from raw materials and parts all the way to customer delivery.
The statement is true.
Supply chain management (SCM) is the control of the glide of products and offerings among businesses and locations. this may encompass the motion and storage of uncooked substances, work-in-process stock, completed items, and quit to cease order fulfillment from the point of beginning to the point of intake.
Interconnected, interrelated, or interlinked networks, channels, and node corporations integrate inside the provision of products and services required via quit clients in a supply chain.
Supply-chain control has been described because of the "layout, planning, execution, control, and tracking of deliver chain activities with the goal of creating internet fees, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging global logistics, synchronizing deliver with a call for and measuring overall performance globally".
Your question is incomplete. Please read below to find the missing content.
Technically, a supply chain stretches from raw materials and parts all the way to customer delivery.
a. True
b. False
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Is the number of active products an indicator of innovation, or an indicator of whether the innovation is incremental or discontinuous
No!, the number of active products is not an indicator of innovation. Organizational creativity and innovation have proven to be a difficult concepts to weigh. Read below about the interplay between products and innovation.
What is the interplay between products and innovation?There is no particular output that indicates organizational extents of innovation. To bossom, innovation and creativity must be fostered within the organization. Innovation and creativity must be defined as cultural values in order for the organization to see the gains.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above.
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What is the ending balance on the statement of changes in owner's equity for this data?
The Owner's Equity statement illustrates the capital account changes due to contributions, withdrawals, net income, or a net loss. So Ending Balance of the statement of changes in Owner's equity will be; Opening capital + Capital Added + Net Income - Owner's Withdrawals.
A one-page report titled a "statement of owner's equity" compares all assets and liabilities to determine the owner's equity's overall value. The snapshot, which is tracked over a predetermined time period or accounting period, depicts the flow of cash through a company.
Owner's equity is simply the difference between the owner's initial investment in the business and any withdrawals made by the owner. For instance: A real estate project with a value of $500,000 and a loan balance of $400,000 would have $100,000 in owner's equity.
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Customers complain that they do not know when comments have been added to their cases. which configuration can a system administrator implement to address this concern?
Configure Feed Tracking for Case Comments is a configuration can a system administrator implement to address this concern.
Feed Tracking detects changes to tracked record fields and posts them as updates to the WhatI Follow feed. Users who follow the record will see these updates in the What You Follow view, with one exception. Updates made by the user himself will not be posted in "What to follow". Users can see these updates in their profile feed.
Case Comments are your opinion on how a particular court ruled a particular case. Case law explains, reflects, criticizes, and conveys your thoughts on the court's decision to the reader.
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A donor gave equipment valued at $90,000 at the beginning of 2020 to a private not-for-profit organization. The equipment had a 10-year life and depreciation of $9,000 was charged during 2020. At the end of the year, the net assets to be reported in unrestricted net assets related to this equipment would be:
The net asset would be $81,000 or $0 depending upon the policy of the Non-Profit Organization.
What is a Non-Profit Organization?A non-profit organization is a group that was established with the intention of making a profit, and in which no part of the organization's revenue is given to its directors, officials, or members. "Non-stock corporations" are a common moniker for nonprofit organizations. They may be organized as a corporation, a sole proprietorship, an unincorporated association, a partnership, a foundation, a condominium, or another type of individual enterprise (for instance, individual charitable contributions) (joint ownership of common areas by owners of adjacent individual units incorporated under state condominium acts). When they are established, nonprofit organizations must declare themselves to be so and are only allowed to work on projects that fall under their legal definition.The value of the equipment given by the donor = $90,000
The charge of depreciation = $9,000.
The total assets of a business less the total liabilities equals the entity's net assets. The sum of a company's net assets equals its stockholders' equity in whole. Net assets are divided into unrestricted and restricted net assets of a nonprofit organization.
The net asset would be either $81,000 or $0.
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Which audience analysis anticipates resistance if something is going to cost money?
A situational analysis is the audience analysis that predicts opposition when something will cost money. Below, this is further discussed.
Situational analysis is a set of strategies for assessing a company's internal and external variables, and it is typically used to better understand organizational situations.
In conclusion, a situational analysis establishes whether or not there will be opposition to anything if it would cost money.
A situational analysis is a group of techniques used to evaluate a company's internal and external elements. You can use market research to analyze predicted growth, identify possible clients, evaluate rivals, and assess the status of your company.
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The Titan retires a $25.9 million bond issue when the carrying value of the bonds is $21.3 million, but the market value of the bonds is $27.3 million. The entry to record the retirement will include:
What is the difference between direct write-off method and allowance method?
The allowance technique anticipates and plans for a specific amount of unpaid debt, whereas the straight write-off method merely deals with the debt once it has not been paid.
The allowance technique is putting up a reserve for any future bad debts. The reserve is calculated as a percentage of sales made during a reporting period, maybe modified for the risk associated with a certain client.
The direct write off technique, also known as the direct charge-off method, is a mechanism used by corporations to settle bad debts to costs after an individual invoice has been determined to be uncollectible.
The primary distinction between the direct write off method and the allowance method is that, whereas the direct write off method records the accounting entry when bad debts materialize, the allowance method sets aside an allowance for possible bad debts, which is a percentage of credit sales made during the year.
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Corporate-level strategy is concerned with _____________________ and how to manage these businesses.
The corporate-level strategy is concerned with what product markets and businesses the firm should be in and how to manage these businesses.
What is the corporate-level strategy?In the level of management, the corporate-level of management is the ape-x level of management also called the strategic managers and they includes the board of directors, CEOs etc,
These corporate-level strategy refers to those company plan that leaders use to define, outline and achieve specific business goals.
Hence, most times, the corporate-level strategy is concerned with what product markets and businesses the firm should be in and how to manage these businesses.
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Which theory is based on the premise that advertising works by influencing the brand choice of people who are ready to buy?
The Recency planning is the theory that is based on the premise that advertising works by influencing the brand choice of people who are ready to buy.
What is a Recency planning?In advertisement, the planning involves that tactic that indicates that advertising at a lower weight but a higher and consistent frequency is more successful than advertising at a higher weight but a lower and sporadic frequency.
The Recency planning is one that aims to influences the brand choice of people who are ready to buy, that is, its main premise is that advertising works by influencing the brand choice of people who are ready to buy—such as urging hungry consumers to stop into Rascal's Deli around lunchtime.
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What is the focus of operations management
Planning, arranging, and overseeing in the settings of production, manufacturing, or the provision of services are operations management's main concerns.
The management of business procedures to achieve the best degree of productivity within an organization is known as operations management (OM). An organization's focus is on efficiently converting resources like labour and materials into goods and services in order to increase profit. Teams in charge of operations management strive to produce the maximum net operational profit by balancing expenses and revenues.
Therefore, operations management's primary responsibilities include planning, organizing, and supervising in the contexts of production, manufacturing, or the delivery of services.
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Why is the unemployment rate, as measured by the bureau of labor statistics, an imperfect measure of the extent of joblessness in the economy?
The unemployment rate, as measured by the bureau of labor statistics, an imperfect measure of the extent of joblessness in the economy. because It does not account for illegal activities.
It is unable in accounting the inaccurate responses to the Current Population Survey.
Moreover the discouraged workers are not considered as unemployed in this statistics they are considered as completely employed.
Unemployment means when the people are not working, but they are willing to work and are actively looking for work.
In the given survey every person who get job is considered as employed.
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A firm has a weighted average cost of capital of 11.28 percent and a cost of equity of 14.7 percent. The debt-equity ratio is .72. There are no taxes. What is the firm's cost of deb
The firms cost of debt is 6.53%.
The cost of debt is the effective interest rate paid by a firm on its debt, which includes bonds and loans. Debt, like equity, is part of a company's capital structure. The average interest paid on all of a company's debts is used to calculate the cost of debt.
Debt equity ratio =debt/equity
Hence, the debt =0.72 equity
Let the equity=$x
Hence, the debt=$0.72x
The total value=$1.72x
WACC=(respective costs*respective weights)
0.1128=[(x/1.72x)*0.147+(0.72x/1.72x)*cost of debt)]
0.1128=0.08546+0.4186*cost of debt
Cost of debt=(0.1128-0.08546)/0.4186
=6.53%.
Therefore, the cost of debt is 6.53%.
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What two technological innovations greatly expanded the industrial employment of women in the late nineteent?
The typewriter and telephone were two technological innovations that greatly expanded the industrial employment of women in the late nineteenth.
The most effective and enduring union after the Civil War was the Union of America. The main contention of those who criticized "industrial employment" was that these people... built their wealth and power through the exploitation of workers.
In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railroad Act, establishing the 32nd Parallel as the first transcontinental route and giving a right-of-way to a large stretch of land. The act authorized two railroad companies, Union Pacific and Central Pacific, to build the line.
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the nurse is helping a mother breast-feed her newborn. which activity by the infant is the best indicator that effective
The mouth covers most of the areolar surface of the breast is the best indication by infant during breast feeding.
Effective attachment involves covering most of the areolar surface of the breast with the newborn's mouth; effective attachment helps compress the milk glands.
What is breast feeding?The procedure through which a kid is fed human breast milk is known as breastfeeding or nursing. Breast milk may come directly from the mother's breast, expressed by hand, or pumped and given to the child.Breastfeeding should start during the first hour of a newborn's life and should continue as frequently and as much as the baby desires, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO and other health organizations advise solely breastfeeding for six months.The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding with suitable complementary foods for up to two years and beyond.Of the 135 million babies born each year, only 42 percent are breastfed within the first hour of life, only 38 percent of mothers practice exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months, and 58 percent continue breastfeeding with appropriate complementary foods for up to two years and beyond.know more about breast feeding
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the graph to the right depicts the per unit cost curves and demand curve facing a shirt manufacturer in a competitive industry
Firms will continue to join this market until the industry as a whole begins to make a typical economic profit. To encourage new enterprises to enter the market, short-term profits motivate them to do so. In the long run, businesses will produce a normal or even negative economic profit.
What is a competitive industry?Companies may join and depart the market easily in a competitive sector since there are minimal barriers to entry.
Generally, the equation for Profit per unit is mathematically given as
P= Price - ATC
Therefore
P= $7.49 - $6.63
P= $0.86
In conclusion, Profits in the short term encourage new businesses to join the market. Firms will make a typical or even negative economic profit in the long term.
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A technological innovation in the production of electronic goods causes the supply for electronic goods to increase.
A technological innovation in the production of electronic goods causes the supply for electronic goods to increase. This statement is True.
What is technological innovation?An expanded definition of innovation is technological innovation. Although innovation is a fairly well-defined notion, many people—especially those in the academic and corporate worlds—understand it to mean different things.Innovation is the addition of extra steps to creating new services and goods for the market or the general public that satisfy unmet demands or handle issues that have not been solved in the past.Instead of addressing the entire organization's business model, technological innovation, on the other hand, concentrates on the technological components of a product or service. It is crucial to make clear that innovation is not solely a product of technology.To learn more about technological innovation with the given link
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Which methods may be used to estimate the stand-alone prices of goods and services?
The methods that may be used to estimate the stand-alone prices of goods and services: Residual approach, Expected cost plus margin approach, Adjusted market assessment approach.
The estimate is a rough or approximate calculation of something.
The estimate is used to form an approximate judgment or opinion regarding the worth, amount, size, weight, etc., for calculating approximately.
types of estimates:
Preliminary Estimate.Detailed Estimate.Quantity Estimate.Bid Estimate.learn more about estimate here
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The optimal level of resource utilization increases when the marginal resource cost?
When the marginal revenue product equals the marginal cost of the resource, the degree of resource usage is optimal. The price of an extra unit of a resource, such labor, is referred to as the: Cost of a marginal resource.
Time increases as the team's utilization rate rises; this term refers to how busy a team is, or how many tasks, projects, and work items are in their backlog. Resources needed for the typical service effort needed to finish user stories as part of a development project. Increase in total resource cost caused by hiring one more unit of resource.
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