The photosynthetic microorganisms growing at the very surface are green, while photosynthetic microorganisms growing deeper are often purple because purple bacteria need an anoxic condition.
Purple microbes are anoxygenic phototrophs generally spread in nature, particularly in aquatic environments. Purple microbes are emphatically photoheterotrophs, regardless of whether they are fit for photoautotrophy, they are prepared for living in dull and deeper conditions in the aquatic region on account of the anoxic circumstances that favor the synthesis of their pigments.
In all cases, there is light absorption by a pigment that gets energized by a photon of light. This isolates electrons from a particle coupled to an ETS that is homologous to those of respiratory ETS.
Purple microbes catch light not utilized by other phototrophs. The pinnacle frequency consumed by bacteriochlorophyll P870 lies such a long way into the infrared (800-1,100 nm) that the photon energy is inadequate to lessen NAD(P) to NAD(P)H.
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What type of container is required for transporting low-level radioactive materials, such as protective clothing?
Any shipment of radioactive materials, whether from the government or the private sector, must be carried and packaged in accordance with stringent Federal requirements. These restrictions shield the public, transportation employees, and the environment from radiation exposure.
Adhering to the necessary packing regulations can limit the danger of transporting radioactive items most effectively.Based on these considerations, radioactive material is transported in one of three different types of containers.
Type A packagingType B packagingIndustrial packagingDue to their low radioactivity, industrial packages are used to convey materials that pose a little risk from radiation exposure. These are also referred to as sturdy, secure containers. This container will keep its contents and protect them during routine transportation operations. Materials that might be transported in industrial packaging include smoke detectors, lab samples, and slightly contaminated clothing.
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Chemical pesticides are used by farmers to kill pests in farms. The long-term use of chemical pesticides has been found to be harmful for the ecosystem. Jerry, a farmer, uses chemical pesticides to protect his crops. In this scenario, the use of chemical pesticides _____.
Chemical pesticides are used by farmers to kill pests in farms. The long-term use of chemical pesticides has been found to be harmful for the ecosystem. Jerry, a farmer, uses chemical pesticides to protect his crops. In this scenario, the use of chemical pesticides is still harmful due to its permanent effects on the ecosystem.
Pesticides are chemical substances that are used to eradicate undesired organisms such as insects, rodents, fungi, and plants (weeds). There are more than a thousand different insecticides in use today. Pesticides are used in agriculture to kill pests that harm crops and in public health to kill disease vectors like mosquitoes.Pesticides have a terrible impact on human health. Pesticides have been shown to have an adverse effect on development and reproduction, as well as to damage the kidneys and liver and disturb the endocrine system.Pesticides, which kill weeds or insects, can be poisonous to a variety of other creatures, such as fish, birds, helpful insects, and non-target plants.learn more about Chemical pesticides here: https://brainly.com/question/12912926
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There are more hydrogen atoms in living organisms than any other atom, but oxygen is more abundant in terms of mass.
Why is this statement true?
Tropic hormones Multiple Choice stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones. function in only one sex. block the actions of hormones that endocrine glands secrete. only function in the tropics.
Certain endocrine glands are stimulated to release hormones by tropic hormones.
What is a tropic hormone?
Hormones are typically chemical communicators that are released in one place and moved to another place to trigger a physiological response. However, certain hormones released by one endocrine gland serve to stimulate or control the release of other hormones from a different endocrine gland. Tropic hormones are the name given to this class of hormones.The anterior pituitary glands, known as the "master gland," secretes a hormone that regulates the release of another hormone by the adrenal gland. A tropic hormone is a hormone released by the pituitary gland. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), which is released by the anterior pituitary gland, is an illustration of a tropic hormone.Therefore option A is the correct choice.
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In eukaryotes, mRNA is transcribed in the _______ and then transported to the cytoplasm for translation
Answer:
Nucleus
Explanation:
This is in reference to the central dogma of biology: DNA --> RNA --> Protein. DNA is replicated and then transcribed into RNA (which is where it becomes mRNA) which is then sent to a ribosome which is then translated and then created into protein.
Another definition of central dogma of biology is:
(transcribed)Transcription --> Translation --> Protein
In erik erikson's theory, adults strive for generativity to achieve a sense of _______.
Immortality is the answer.
Erikson argued that personality develops in a predetermined order through eight stages of psychosocial development from early childhood to adulthood. At each stage, a person experiences a psychosocial crisis that can have a positive or negative impact on personality development.
Erikson's theory was different from many other theories because it addressed lifelong development, including old age. Older people need to look back on their lives and feel fulfilled. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, and failure leads to regret, suffering, and despair.
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[OSS.03]The sentences below describe four Earth events.
1. Earthquakes.
2. Volcanic eruption.
3. Interruption in cell phone signals.
4. Interruption in electricity supplied to households.
Which of these events is most likely to happen on Earth during a solar maximum?
A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 3 and 4
Solar maximums are the moments of highest solar activity in a cycle of eleven years. Option D) 3 and 4. Interruption in cell phone signals and in electricity supplied to households.
What is a a solar maximum?A solar maximum is an event of maximum solar activity that occurs in the star during its cycle of eleven years.
During high magnetic events, several new sunspots appear and are visible from the Earth. There is a sharp increase in solar radiation, and solar storms occur, ejecting solar plasm and emitting high quantities of energy that move forward to the Earth.
These electromagnetic radiations and energy emissions can cause severe alterations in the Earth, affecting natural and artificial systems.
Some of them might affect technological systems, communication, and electrical systems.
The interruption in cell phone signals and in electricity supplied to households are the most likely to happen on Earth during a solar maximum.
The correct option is D) 3 and 4
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For a fee, a copy of an inspection report filed by a licensed structural pest control operator may be obtained from the Structural Pest Control Board by:
For a fee, a copy of an inspection report filed by a licensed structural pest control operator may be obtained from the Structural Pest Control Board by anyone who requests it and pays the fee.
What is an inspection report?An inspection report is a document generated by a company that undertakes inspections for a client in order to explain a structure or object. Inspection reports are critical instruments for ensuring the quality of buildings, facilities, and goods.Structural Pest Control Board:
Structural pest control is the control of household pests (including but not limited to rodents, vermin, and insects) and wood-destroying pests and organisms, as well as other pests that may infiltrate households or structures, such as railroad cars, ships, docks, trucks, airplanes, or their contents.Anyone who wants and pays the charge may acquire a copy of an inspection report issued by a licensed structural pest control operator from the Structural Pest Control Board.Therefore, for a fee, a copy of an inspection report filed by a licensed structural pest control operator may be obtained from the Structural Pest Control Board by anyone who requests it and pays the fee.
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PLEASE HELP
Part B: Determine Trait Variation in the Species
For this modeling activity, assume that your species reproduces sexually. This assumption implies that it inherits
half of its chromosomes from its mother and half from its father. Recall that in sexual reproduction, individuals
inherit homologous pairs of chromosomes-one from the father and one from the mother. This arrangement
allows for two alleles for every gene. The alleles can be dominant or recessive. You will model three traits
controlled by three gene types on homologous chromosomes. Your genes should have these patterns of
inheritance:
Trait 1: Simple dominant/recessive inheritance
Example: In pea plants, YY and Yy genotypes will yield yellow pea pods, but inherited yy will yield green pea pods.
Trait 2: Co-dominance
Co-dominance occurs when there's more than one dominant allele and they express equally.
Example: Human blood type is co-dominant. I^ (type A blood), IB (type B), and i (O blood) are controlled by A and B
dominant alleles. If a person inherits A and B alleles, they'll have AB blood. O blood is caused by two recessive
alleles.
Trait 3: Incomplete dominance
Incomplete dominance occurs when there is more than one dominant gene, but the expression of both genes
creates a blending of traits.
Example: RR = red flowers, WW = white flower, but RW = pink flowers.
Come up with your three traits and the possible inherited phenotypes. Here's an example:
Trait
Phenotype 1.
Phenotype 2
Phenotype 3
Phenotvne 4
Complete dominance is the mendelian inheritance pattern, while co-dominance and incomplete dominance are non-mendelian inheritance patterns. Trait 1: Hair length. Trait 2: Hair color. Trait 3: Hair type.
What is complete dominance?When the dominant allele completely masks the recessive allele, we talk about complete dominance.
This is the case of individuals that are heterozygous for a particular gene and express the dominant trait.
The dominant allele is hiding the expression of the recessive allele.
What is co-dominance?Codominance refers to a non-mendelian inheritance pattern in which two alleles of the same gane are equally expressed.
There is no dominant or recessive alleles, since non of them hides the expression of the other one in heterozygous individuals.
The phenotype of a heterozygote expresses two alternative variants inherited from each homozygous parent.
Heterozygous individuals express both parental phenotypes, as it is an additive expression of their parents' genes.
What is incomplete dominance?Refers to a non-mendelian inheritance pattern in which the heterozygous individual expresses an intermediate phenotype between the dominant and the recessive phenotypes.
Neither of the involved alleles completely dominates over the other one.
We will propose an example of mammal hair,
Trait 1) Simple dominant/recessive inheritance
- Length is coded by a diallelic gene expressing complete dominance
L is the dominant allele and codes for long hairl is the recessive allele and codes for short hairTrait 2) Co-dominance
- Color is coded by a triallelic gene I expressing co-dominance
IB codes for black. Dominant to i and codominant to IWIW codes for white. Dominant to i and codominant to IBi codes for albino. Recessive alleleTrait 3) Incomplete dominance
- Type of hair is coded by a diallelic gene expressing incomplete dominance
S codes for curly hair and is dominants codes for straight hair and is recessiveTrait 1 Trait2 Trait3 Trait 4
Length LL-Long Ll-Long ll-Short ***
Color IBIB/IBi-Black IBIW-Black/White IWIW/IWi-White ii-albino
Type SS-Curly Ss -Wavy ss-straight ***
Genotypes Phenotypes
LLBBSS, LlBBSS Long, Black, Curly hair
LLBWSS, LlBWSS Long, Black and white, Curly hair
LLWWSS, LlWWSS Long, White, Curly hair
LLBBSs, LlBBSs Long, Black, Wavy hair
LLBWSs, LlBWSs Long, Black and white, Wavy hair
LLWWSs, LlWWSs Long, White, Wavy hair
LLBBss, LlBBss Long, Black, Straight hair
LLBWss, LlBWss Long, Black and white, Straight hair
LLWWss, LlWWss Long, White, Straight hair
llBBSS Short , Black, Curly hair
llBWSS Short, Black and white, Curly hair
llWWSS Short, White, Curly hair
llBBSs Short, Black, Wavy hair
llBWSs Short, Black and white, Wavy hair
llWWSs Short, White, Wavy hair
llBBss Short, Black, Straight hair
llBWss Short, Black and white, Straight hair
llWWss Short, White, Straight hair
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The universal biohazard symbol shall be placed on which of the following items for labeling to indicate the presence of a potential risk
The universal biohazard symbol shall be placed on Laboratory equipment housing biohazards (such as incubators and freezers) to indicate the presence of a potential risk.
What is Biohazard?Any biological or chemical substance that poses a risk to people, animals, or the environment is referred to as a biohazard. Body fluids, human tissue, blood, and recombinant DNA can all fall under this category. All human waste should be handled and disposed of appropriately since biohazards have the potential to infect anyone who is exposed to them.
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In a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles, a and a, that are in equilibrium, the frequency of the allele a is 0. 3. What is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele?.
Here, given-
homozygous alleles 'a' have a frequency of 0.3.
Also the alleles are in equilibrium in a Hardy-Weinberg population. The frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele are= 0.49.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be defined as the principle which states that the variation in the genetic makeup of a population remains constant and unchanged till there are no external interferences, influencing the population.
Calculation-
[tex]p + q = 1\\0.3 + q= 1\\q= 1- 0.3\\\\q= 0.7[/tex]
Then to find the frequency of the individuals homozygous for this allele the following formula needs to be used-
[tex]p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} =1[/tex]
[tex]p^{2} = dominant homozygous frequency\\2pq= heterozygous frequency\\q^{2} = recessive homozygous frequency\\[/tex]
Thus, the individuals homozygous for the allele can be calculated by [tex]q^{2} = (0.7)^{2} \\= 0.49[/tex]
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Nicotine is a stimulant, a drug that decreases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs. Nicotine is a stimulant, a drug that decreases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs. True False
False. Nicotine is a stimulant, a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs.
How nicotine affects?Nicotine is categorized as a stimulant, a substance that heightens the activity of the heart, the central nervous system, and other organs. Nicotine causes heart disease and stroke by raising blood pressure and heart rate. Once addicted, individuals require increasing amounts of cigarettes to quell their nicotine addiction.Nicotine both stimulates and depresses the central nervous system.The hormone adrenaline is first released by nicotine, which further activates the neural system and contributes to the "kick" of the drug's feelings of pleasure and, over time, addiction.Body releases epinephrine when you smoke. stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, which causes shallow breathing and fast breathing while raising blood pressure and heart rate. The mimicked neurotransmitter by nicotine. It involved in memory and learning, and it strengthens the connections between different neuronal networks.Learn more about nervous system here:
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Which most closely describes plant tissue culture?
Group of answer choices
The process of widening stems and roots.
Growing plants in an artificial, sterile environment.
The process through which a plant grows from an embryo inside the seed.
A process that transports minerals into the roots of a plant.
Flag question: Question 17
The statement which most closely describes plant tissue culture is growing plants in an artificial, sterile environment.
What are plant tissue culture?Plant tissue culture simply refers to the collection and techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium.
So therefore, the statement which most closely describes plant tissue culture is growing plants in an artificial, sterile environment.
One significance of plant tissue culture is that it may be used for genetic modification of a plant. Itcan also be used to increase its yield.Plant tissue culture finds application widely in the plant sciences and forestrySo therefore, the statement which most closely describes plant tissue culture is growing plants in an artificial, sterile environment
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Researchers can genetically select lettuce crops to cultivate for pest resistance. One of the concerns scientists have about genetically selected crops is that some traits for pest resistance may affect the texture of lettuce.
One of the concerns regarding genetic selection is that some traits for pest resistance may affect the texture of lettuce, it is known as pleiotropic effects.
What is a pleiotropic effect?In genetics, a pleiotropic effect occurs when one gene influences the phenotypic expression of several traits.
Pleitropic effects represent a problem in breeding programs because positive selection for a trait can also produce negative selection for another trait.
In conclusion, one of the concerns regarding genetic selection is the presence of pleiotropic effects.
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Question 1: What happens if you casually introduce something through your retine.
Retine is something seen in animal cells that restricts growth and cell division.
What is retina for eyes?The retina contains millions of light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) and other nerve cells that accept and organize visual information. Your retina sends this information to your brain via your optic nerve, enabling you to see.
What causes retina injury?Retinal damage is one of most common ailments of the eyes. The most common causes of retina injury are those related to old age, light damage or trauma. Retinal conditions can damage this vital tissue. They can affect your vision, and some can be severe enough to cause blindness
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What is the visceral mass that every mollusk has
The visceral mass that every mollusk has are internal organs, digestive tract, paired kidneys and reproductive organs
What are invertebrates?Invertebrates are animals which do not have backbone.
Some invertebrates phyla include:
PoriferaCoelentrata/CnidarianAnnelidaPlatyhelminthes e.t.cSo therefore, the visceral mass that every mollusk posses are the internal organs, digestive tract, paired kidneys and reproductive organs
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Question 7 of 10
Why are certain traits adaptations in one ecosystem, but not in another?
A. Organisms lose adaptations when they migrate.
B. Organisms can learn new adaptations.
C. Ecosystems can have different conditions.
D. All ecosystems have the same amount of competition.
Answer:
C. Ecosystems can have different conditions
Explanation:
Different systems have different ecosystems meaning different things will happen to the life inhabiting them
The condition characterized by advanced hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adults is:________.
The condition characterized by advanced hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adults is Hyperthyroidism.
It is the result of excess thyroid hormone, which causes an overactive or we can say increased metabolism and increased speed of all the body's processes. The condition of hyperthyroidism is the most common cause of goiter in the today's world, as shown in the attached image.
Therefore, it leads to weight loss, fast heart rate, sweating, and . nervousness. The most common cause for an overactive thyroid is an autoimmune disorder which is called Grave's disease.
There is a medical name for the term hyperthyroidism which is overactive thyroid.
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Which organism was the most useful in coming to this conclusion (which is the best index fossil)?
Answer:
ambonychia
Explanation:
there's the answer hope it helped
Klinefelter's syndrome is a result of which of the following nondisjunction mutations
Klinefelter's syndrome is a result of chromosomal nondisjunction mutations.
What is Klinefelter's syndrome?Klinefelter's syndrome is a result of the presence of an extra X chromosome in germinal cells.
In genetics, this type of mutation is referred to as chromosomal nondisjunction (aneuploidies).
In conclusion, Klinefelter's syndrome is due to chromosomal nondisjunction.
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Relative to body size, primate brain size is Group of answer choices proportional to human brain size. larger among great apes than among other primates. smaller than in other large mammals. more or less the same in large and small primates.
Larger among great apes than among other primates.
Are human brains smaller than primates?Primates are organisms that have the largest size of the brain in relation to their body ratio. Even though gorillas and orangutans are primates that are at least as big as humans, their brains are only around one-third the size of humans'. This difference has been cited as proof that the human brain is around three times larger than what would be expected for a monkey species with a body similar to that of a human.
Primates, including humans, have by far the largest brains of any terrestrial mammal when compared their size. The neocortex, which accounts for more than 80% of the mass of the human brain, is where the enlargement is nearly entirely concentrated.
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1. Following a bicycle accident, you are disturbed to fi nd that you cannot see anything in your left visual fi eld. Where has the retinofugal pathway been damaged
The place where the Retinofugal pathway has been damaged is the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus.
What is Lateral Geniculate Nucleus?
The lateral geniculate nucleus is a structure present in the Thalamus of the brain. It connects the visual pathway with the primary visual cortex of the brain.
Any damage to the lateral geniculate nucleus leads to partial or complete loss of vision.
Also, the visual pathway can be affected at various levels thus presenting various types of visual losses.
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After atp donates a phosphate group to a coupled reaction, then it becomes adp. The adp:
The ADP can be recharged with the uptake of energy to form ATP.
How does ADP get recharged?
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the energy-carrying molecule used by cells because it has a rapid rate of energy release.
When the end phosphate is taken out, ATP releases energy. ADP (adenosine diphosphate), a low-energy molecule, is created when ATP releases energy.
These molecules can be recharged, ensuring that all of the cell's metabolic pathways have access to a steady stream of ATP that is high in energy.
To provide a reaction with the necessary energy, nearly all cellular functions require ATP.
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A typical skin cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 total chromosomes. this type of cell would be considered a _____ cell.
A typical skin cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 total chromosomes. this type of cell would be considered a diploid cell.
Diploid is a term that refers to the existence of two complete sets of chromosomes within an organism's cells, with each parent providing one chromosome for each pair. Humans are diploid, and most somatic cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes.
The diploid represents a cell that contains two copies of each chromosome. Almost every cell in the human body has two homologous or similar copies of each chromosome. The only exception is germline cells that later produce gamete or egg and sperm cells.
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What keeps the airways clear?
A. Spiracles near airway openings.
B. Pleural fluid in the thoracic cavity.
C. Mucin secreted by goblet cells in the bronchus.
D. Passage through squamous epithelial cells.
abc or d with a simple explanation
pls be sure of ur answer
What keeps the airways clear are the Spirals near the airway openings.
A. Spirals near airway openings.What keeps your airways open?The walls of the trachea (TRAY-kee-uh) are reinforced by rigid rings of cartilage to keep it open. The trachea is also lined with cilia, which sweep fluid and foreign particles out of the airways so they stay out of the lungs.
What is trachea?The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into the two primary bronchi. At the top of the trachea the cricoid cartilage attaches it to the larynx. The trachea is formed by a number of horseshoe-shaped rings, joined together vertically by overlying ligaments, and by the trachealis muscle at their ends. The epiglottis closes the opening to the larynx during swallowing.
With this information, we can conclude that With this information, we can conclude that the correct answer is A. Spirals near airway openings
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Two strains of e. coli—one of which can turn on its lactase production and one that cannot—are grown together with lactose in the medium. if all other conditions are equal, what will occur?
E.coil bacteria is belong to family of Enterobacteriaceae . Its live in the environment with or without oxygen.They also present in the intestine of healthy person and warm blooded animals.
The quantity of lactate produce by pathogenic E-coli was significantly higher than produced by non -E-coli.These enzymes were produced by lactose but represent by glucose and galactose.
E-coli used as disaccharide lactose as source of metabolic energy.Fermentation of lactose , glucose and galactose using E-coli bacteria.And lactose is produced by bacteria living in the intestinal tract of animals .It is an energy source and E-coli use use glucose as an energy source.
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____________________ is a condition caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the antidiuretic hormone.
Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the antidiuretic hormone.
What is diabetes insipidus?Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that occurs when the kidneys are unable to conserve water during the process of filtering blood.Diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also called vasopressin, which prevents dehydration, or the kidney's inability to respond to ADH. ADH enables the kidneys to retain water in the body. When diabetes insipidus is caused by a lack of ADH, it is called central diabetes insipidusWhen the condition is caused by a failure of the kidneys to respond to ADH, the condition is called nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which may be inherited.To learn more about Diabetes insipidus,
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Which type of rock would form if the sandstone rock in this image were put
under a great deal of heat and pressure?
O A. Extrusive igneous
B. Intrusive igneous
C. Sedimentary
D. Metamorphic
14-
K
Gro
Translation
Base Pairing, Practice
*Use the mRNA CODON, and the Base Pairing Chart from Practice "I to determine the
amino acid.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
DNA Bases
TTC
CGA
*mRNA
UUA
CAA
AAU
GAU
tRNA
GRA
GGG
*Amino Acid
Tryptophan
From the chart several kinds of amino acids are determined. they are Leucine, lysine, glutamine, proline, asparagine, aspartic acid, and alanine.
Determination chart for amino acids:
DNA Bases mRNA tRNA Amino acid
AAT UUA AAU Leucine
GTT CUU GAA Leucine
TTC AAG UUC Lysine
GTT CAA GUU Glutamine
GGG CCC GGG Proline
TGG ACC UGG Tryptophan
TTA AAU UUA Asparagine
CTA GAU CUA Aspartic acid
CGA GCU CGA Alanine
Codon and amino acids:
A codon is a group of 3 DNA or RNA bases that codes for a particular amino acid or protein synthesis halt signal. Four nucleotides make up the language of DNA and RNA molecules, whereas 20 amino acids make up the dialect of protein molecules.Twenty distinct amino acids are linked together in diverse configurations to form proteins. Every three letters in mRNA stand for a different amino acid. "Codons," the genomic counterpart of letters, are these trios of letters.Learn more about amino acids here:
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In what way are lungs well ventilated?
Lungs ventilation is an automatic, apparently handy inspiratory growth and expiratory contraction of the chest cage.
Air flows due to pressure variations between the atmosphere and the gases in the lungs. Air, like different gases, flows from a region with higher stress to a region with decrease stress. Muscular respiration moves and cringe of elastic tissues create the changes in strain that result in ventilation.
Lung air flow is an important a part of breathing, accountable for the fuel trade between alveoli and the atmospheric air. It entails often replacing stale gases within the lungs with fresh gases from the environment.
Deep respiratory exercises may also help increase lung capacity. for instance, the British Lung foundation say that deep respiration can help clean mucus from the lungs after pneumonia, allowing extra air to flow into. This act of ordinary breathing has a rather consistent charge and inspiratory extent that collectively represent normal respiratory rhythm.
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Lungs are ventilated through Pulmonary Ventilation.
Pulmonary ventilation is the process through which air flows into the lungs i.e. Inhalation and air flows out of the lungs i.e. Exhalation.
These processes depend upon the volume change in the cavity of chest.
Inhalation: Process of taking air into lungs. It occurs due to the contraction of muscles in which Diaphragm contracts leading to increase in volume of thoracic cavity.
Exhalation: Process of letting air out from lungs. It occurs due to the relaxation of muscles in which Diaphragm relaxes leading to decrease in volume of thoracic cavity.
Proper ventilation helps to keep the air fresh maintaining a flow of fresh air inside and dirty air outside. Air travels through mouth and goes down into the trachea or windpipe through the pharynx.
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