Common Stock is more likely to be biased if book values are used in the calculation of WACC rather than market values.
How Does Common Stock Work?Security called common stock serves as a proxy for a company's ownership. Common stockholders decide on corporate policies and elect the board of directors. Usually, long-term returns from this type of stock ownership are higher.
Common shareholders, however, do not have any rights to a company's assets in the case of liquidation until all bondholders, preferred shareholders, and other debt holders have been fully compensated. On a company's balance sheet, common stock is listed under stockholders' equity.
How Do I Cast a Ballot Using Common Stock at Corporate Meetings?
Ordinary common shares typically have one vote per share, giving shareholders the ability to cast a ballot on corporate decisions, which are frequently made at a company's annual meeting of shareholders. If you're unable to vote in person, you can choose to have a representative vote on your behalf if you choose (along with others who cannot attend).
Votes may be taken on matters like whether to merge with or purchase a business, elect board members, or consent to dividends or stock splits.
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according to the video, what caused h&b to change its internal systems?
Due to increased rivalry, H&B examined its internal systems in order to streamline its operations and gain a competitive advantage. Competitive advantage refers to variables that enable a corporation to produce goods or services better or at a lower cost than competitors.
These elements enable the producing unit to create more sales or higher profits than its competitors in the market. The goal of having a competitive edge is to set a company apart from its competitors by providing something unique and of superior value to its customers. Competitive advantage also implies that the company may outperform its market competitors and earn a bigger profit.
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During your audit of Carla Pang Inc. you prepared the following bank transfer schedule.
Check
Number
Bank Acct.
From
Bank Acct.
To
Amount Date Dirsbursed
Books
Date Dirsbursed
Bank
Date Deposited
Books
Date Deposited
Bank
2001 Citi Bank 3rd National 60,000 12/28 12/31 12/28 12/28
2002 Citi Bank Portland 80,000 12/28 1/3 12/31 12/31
6734 1st City Citi Bank 42,000 1/3 12/31 12/31 12/31
3580 Portland 3rd National 75,000 1/2 1/4 12/30 12/30
2008 Citi Bank 3rd National 44,000 12/31 1/5 12/31 1/3
2009 Citi Bank Portland 67,000 1/1 12/31 1/1 12/31
4005 3rd National Citi Bank 33,000 12/31 1/4 1/5 1/5
Fill out the table below indicating the most likely situation as it relates to cash at year-end.
Indicate the situation using one of the following:
1. Year-end total cash is properly stated.
2. Year-end total cash is understated.
3. Year-end total cash is overstated.
Check Number Reply
2001 2002 6734 3580 2008 2009 4005
Based on the bank transfer schedule provided, the most likely situation is that the year-end total cash is properly stated. The amounts disbursed and deposited in the books match the bank's records, indicating accurate and complete accounting for cash transactions.
Check Number Reply
2001 3
2002 2
6734 1
3580 2
2008 2
2009 3
4005 1
2001: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 12/28, but it was not disbursed until 12/31, meaning the cash balance was overstated at year-end.
2002: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 12/28, but it was not disbursed until 1/3, meaning the cash balance was understated at year-end.
6734: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 1/3, and it was also disbursed on 1/3, meaning the cash balance was properly stated at year-end.
3580: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 1/2, but it was not disbursed until 1/4, meaning the cash balance was understated at year-end.
2008: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 12/31, but it was not disbursed until 1/5, meaning the cash balance was understated at year-end.
2009: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 1/1, and it was also disbursed on 1/1, meaning the cash balance was properly stated at year-end.
4005: The disbursement was recorded in the books on 12/31, and it was also disbursed on 12/31, meaning the cash balance was properly stated at year-end.
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During 2016, Miller, Inc.’s net income was $800,000. Its common stockholders’ equity was $2,800,000 at January 1, 2016 and $3,600,000 at December 31, 2016. During December 2016, Troy’s board of directors declared a $300,000 preferred stock dividend and a $240,000 common stock dividend. What is Miller’s 2016 return on common stockholders’ equity? A. 21.9% B. 8.1% C. 15.6% D. 25.0%
To calculate Miller, Inc.'s return on common stockholders' equity for 2016, we need to determine the net income available to common stockholders and the average common stockholders' equity for the year.
To calculate Miller Inc.'s 2016 return on common stockholders' equity,
First, subtract the preferred stock dividend from net income:
$800,000 - $300,000 = $500,000 net income available to common stockholders.
Next, calculate the average common stockholders' equity:
($2,800,000 + $3,600,000) / 2 = $3,200,000 average common stockholders' equity.
Finally, determine the return on common stockholders' equity by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the average common stockholders' equity:
($500,000 / $3,200,000) x 100 = 15.625%.
Rounding to one decimal place, Miller's 2016 return on common stockholders' equity is 15.6%. Therefore, the correct answer is C. 15.6%.
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Calculating Net Pay and Total Payroll Costs [LO 10-2] Lightning Electronics is a midsize manufacturer of lithium batteries. The company’s payroll records for the November 1–14 pay period show that employees earned wages totaling $66,000 but that employee income taxes totaling $8,600 and FICA taxes totaling $3,425 were withheld from this amount. The net pay was directly deposited into the employees’ bank accounts. 1. What was the amount of net pay? 2. Assuming Lightning Electronics must also pay $410 of unemployment taxes for this pay period, what amount would be reported as the total payroll costs?
1. The amount of net pay is $54,975. 2. The total payroll costs for this pay period would be reported as $67,410.
1. To calculate the net pay, you need to subtract the income taxes and FICA taxes from the total wages earned.
Net Pay = Total Wages - Income Taxes - FICA Taxes
Net Pay = $66,000 - $8,600 - $3,425
Net Pay = $54,975
Therefore, the net pay amount is $54,975.
2. To calculate the total payroll costs, you need to add the net pay, income taxes, FICA taxes, and unemployment taxes.
Total Payroll Costs = Net Pay + Income Taxes + FICA Taxes + Unemployment Taxes
Total Payroll Costs = $54,975 + $8,600 + $3,425 + $410
Total Payroll Costs = $67,410
Therefore, the total payroll costs would be reported as $67,410.
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Powder Room Mess. For $300,000. Willis agrees to build a new home for Robert, who is very picky. Willis builds the home to Robert's specifications with one exception. The faucets and linoleum flooring in an upstairs powder room are not exactly what Robert specified. That was a mistake on Willis's part, but he had not intentionally failed to follow specifications. When Robert sees the powder room, he goes ballistic and tells Willis that he will not pay Willis anything for the house. It will take $300 to put in correct faucets and linoleum. Willis says that he is willing to pay $300 to put Robert in the position he would have been in had the correct faucets and linoleum been used, but that is all he is willing to pay. Which of the following is most likely true regarding Robert's entitlement to damages from Willis? 27 There are no damages because Willis did not breach the contract, 30 Robert will not have to pay for the house because Willis failed to substantially perform 33 Even though Willis substantially performed, dart will not have to pay for the house because Willis materially breached the contract. 36 Robert is released from paying for the house because of an anticipatory breach. 39 Any damages awarded would be in the range of $300, which is the amount it would take to fix the breach 42
Any damages awarded in this situation would likely be limited to the amount required to fix the breach, which is $300 for the correct faucets and linoleum.
based on the given scenario, the most likely true statement regarding robert's entitlement to damages from willis is:
39) any damages awarded would be in the range of $300, which is the amount it would take to fix the breach.
in this case, willis made a mistake by not following robert's specifications for the faucets and linoleum in the upstairs powder room. however, it was not an intentional failure to follow the specifications. this can be seen as a minor breach of contract, as the rest of the home was built to robert's specifications.
since willis has expressed willingness to pay $300 to put robert in the position he would have been in had the correct faucets and linoleum been used, it indicates an offer to rectify the breach by providing the necessary funds for the corrections. this suggests that willis acknowledges the breach and is willing to make it right by compensating robert for the cost of fixing the issue.
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In a JIT system, inventory managers can uncover bottlenecks by introducing or removing which of the following?
E-kanbans
T-kanbans
P-kanbans
C-kanbans
Answer:
Explanation:
In a JIT (Just-in-Time) system, inventory managers can uncover bottlenecks by introducing or removing E-kanban's (Electronic kanbans).
Kanban is a visual signaling system used in JIT systems to manage inventory and production flow. E-kanban's are electronic versions of these signals that are used to trigger the movement of materials or components through the production process.
By introducing or removing E-kanban's, inventory managers can identify bottlenecks in the production process. Bottlenecks are points in the process where the flow of materials is restricted or slowed down, leading to inefficiencies and delays. By monitoring the flow of E-kanban's and the associated materials, managers can identify areas where bottlenecks occur and take necessary actions to address them, such as reallocating resources, adjusting production schedules, or improving process efficiency.
Therefore, E-kanban's play a crucial role in uncovering bottlenecks and improving the overall efficiency of a JIT system.
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Of the following, which is NOT true about the Bretton Woods System?
a. It was established in 1965.
b. It established a global currency system based on a gold standard with the U.S. dollar pegged at a fixed rate of exchange to gold in an effort to control inflation.
c. The IMF was established under the Bretton Woods Agreement.
d. Eventually, major nations met to consider abandoning the Bretton Woods Agreement.
e. Under the Smithsonian Agreement, the U.S. devalued the dollar against other countries' currencies.
Option a. It was established in 1965 is NOT true about the Bretton Woods System.
The Bretton Woods System was established in 1944, not 1965, making option a. false. It was a global monetary system created during the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. The system aimed to promote economic stability and facilitate international trade and financial cooperation in the aftermath of World War II.
Option b. is true. The Bretton Woods System did establish a global currency system based on a gold standard, where the U.S. dollar was pegged to gold at a fixed rate of exchange. This arrangement provided stability and facilitated international transactions.
Option c. is also true. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was indeed established under the Bretton Woods Agreement. The IMF was designed to promote monetary cooperation, provide financial assistance to member countries, and maintain exchange rate stability.
Option d. is true as well. Over time, economic challenges and imbalances among major nations led to discussions and considerations about abandoning or reforming the Bretton Woods Agreement. This eventually led to the breakdown of the system in the early 1970s.
Option e. is true. Under the Smithsonian Agreement in 1971, the United States did devalue the U.S. dollar against other countries' currencies to address trade imbalances and promote competitiveness.
In summary, option a. is not true about the Bretton Woods System as it was established in 1944, not 1965. The other options b, c, d, and e accurately describe various aspects and events related to the Bretton Woods System.
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Feedback See Hint Consider a firm with the following cost function: C(y) = y² + 100, where y is the amount of output produced. The marginal cost when output equals 6 is $
The marginal cost when output equals 6 is $12.
What is the cost per unit when output is 6?The cost function of the firm is given by C(y) = y² + 100, where y represents the amount of output produced. To find the marginal cost when output equals 6, we need to calculate the derivative of the cost function with respect to y. Taking the derivative of C(y) = y² + 100, we get dC(y)/dy = 2y.
Since the marginal cost represents the additional cost incurred by producing one more unit of output, we substitute y = 6 into the derivative: dC(y)/dy = 2 * 6 = 12. Therefore, the marginal cost when output equals 6 is $12.
To delve further into the concept of marginal cost and its calculation, it is important to understand the relationship between cost functions and output levels. Marginal cost helps determine the change in total cost resulting from a change in output. By taking the derivative of the cost function, we can find the rate at which the cost changes with respect to output. This information is valuable for firms in making production decisions, pricing strategies, and evaluating profitability.
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a commonly used multiple utilized in comparable company analysis is: review later ev/ebitda p/ebit total debt/interest expense p/ebitda
A commonly used multiple in comparable company analysis is EV/EBITDA.
EV/EBITDA is a financial ratio used to assess the valuation of a company by comparing its enterprise value (EV) to its earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA). This multiple is favored by analysts and investors as it provides a comprehensive view of a company's financial performance, considering both its capital structure (EV) and operating profitability (EBITDA). A lower EV/EBITDA ratio indicates a potentially undervalued company, while a higher ratio may suggest an overvalued company. By comparing this multiple across comparable companies in the same industry, analysts can gain insights into relative valuation and identify potential investment opportunities or trends.
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The best example of a mass-produced consumer product in the early 1900s was
A) the air conditioner.
B) the McCormick reaper.
C) the Model T of Henry Ford.
D) Edison's motion pictures.
E) the radio.
The best example C) the Model T of Henry Ford. In the early 1900s, the best example of a mass-produced consumer product was the Model T automobile, developed by Henry Ford.
The Model T, first introduced in 1908, revolutionized the automobile industry by making cars affordable and accessible to the average person. Ford's innovative assembly line production method allowed for the efficient mass production of the Model T, reducing the price from $825 in 1908 to $360 in 1916. By 1924, over 15 million Model Ts had been produced and sold.
This car revolutionized the automotive industry with its innovative assembly line production method, making it affordable for the average consumer. The detail answer includes the other options, which, while significant innovations, did not have the same level of mass production and consumer impact as the Model T.
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Risk is an important component of interest rates, Which of the following risks is NOT a determinant of interest rates? (A) Default risks (B) Interest rate risks (C) Institutional risks (D) Marketability risks
Risk is an important component of interest rates (D) Marketability risks
Marketability risks are not a determinant of interest rates. Marketability risk refers to the risk associated with the ease of buying or selling an asset in the market. While marketability risk can affect the value or liquidity of an asset, it is not directly related to the determination of interest rates.
1. Default risks: This refers to the risk that a borrower will fail to repay the principal or interest on a loan. Lenders consider default risks when setting interest rates, as higher default risks generally lead to higher interest rates to compensate for the increased likelihood of default.
2. Interest rate risks: This refers to the risk that changes in interest rates will affect the value of an investment. Interest rate risks can impact the demand and supply of loans, influencing the overall interest rate levels in the market.
3. Institutional risks: This refers to risks associated with the stability, regulatory environment, and reputation of financial institutions. Institutional risks can affect interest rates by influencing the perception of lenders and investors regarding the safety and reliability of the financial system.
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At the end of 2019, Culver Company has $182,000 of cumulative temporary differences that will result in reporting the following future taxable amounts.
2020 $60,200
2021 51,500
2022 40,900
2023 29,400
$182,000
Tax rates enacted as of the beginning of 2018 are:
2018 and 2019 40 %
2020 and 2021 30 %
2022 and later 25 %
Culver’s taxable income for 2019 is $306,200. Taxable income is expected in all future years.
(a) Prepare the journal entry for Culver to record income taxes payable, deferred income taxes, and income tax expense for 2019, assuming that there were no deferred taxes at the end of 2018.
(b) Prepare the journal entry for Culver to record income taxes payable, deferred income taxes, and income tax expense for 2019, assuming that there was a balance of $22,200 in a Deferred Tax Liability account at the end of 2018.
The first journal entry records income taxes payable $86,480, deferred income taxes $36,000, and income tax expense $122,480 for 2019 assuming no deferred taxes at the end of 2018. The second entry assumes a balance of $22,200 in a Deferred Tax Liability account at the end of 2018.
Journal entry for Culver to record income taxes payable, deferred income taxes, and income tax expense for 2019, assuming no deferred taxes at the end of 2018:
Income Tax Expense $122,480
Deferred Income Taxes $36,000
Income Taxes Payable $86,480
Income tax expense is calculated by multiplying taxable income by the applicable tax rate for 2019:
$306,200 x 40% = $122,480
Deferred income taxes are calculated by multiplying the cumulative temporary differences by the applicable tax rates for future years and then subtracting the taxes already paid:
$60,200 x 30% = $18,060
$51,500 x 25% = $12,875
$40,900 x 25% = $10,225
$29,400 x 25% = $7,350
Total deferred income taxes: $18,060 + $12,875 + $10,225 + $7,350 = $48,510
Income taxes payable is the difference between income tax expense and deferred income taxes:
$122,480 - $48,510 = $73,970
Journal entry for Culver to record income taxes payable, deferred income taxes, and income tax expense for 2019, assuming a balance of $22,200 in a Deferred Tax Liability account at the end of 2018:
Income Tax Expense $122,480
Deferred Income Taxes $36,000
Deferred Tax Liability $22,200
Income Taxes Payable $86,280
Income tax expense is calculated in the same way as in part (a):
$306,200 x 40% = $122,480
Deferred income taxes are calculated by multiplying the cumulative temporary differences by the applicable tax rates for future years and then subtracting the existing deferred tax liability:
$60,200 x 30% = $18,060
$51,500 x 25% = $12,875
$40,900 x 25% = $10,225
$29,400 x 25% = $7,350
Total deferred income taxes: $18,060 + $12,875 + $10,225 + $7,350 = $48,510
Since there was a deferred tax liability of $22,200 at the end of 2018, the deferred income taxes will be adjusted:
$48,510 - $22,200 = $26,310
Income taxes payable is the difference between income tax expense and the adjusted deferred income taxes:
$122,480 - $26,310 = $96,170
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The major event in history that resulted in the need for development of traditional management is
Traditional Management, which predates modern management techniques, emerged during the Industrial Revolution, a time of significant change in how people worked. Beginning in the early 1880s, numerous new cotton mills popped up all throughout Great Britain, necessitating the organisation and management of the workforce.
Despite the fact that strategy has been significant throughout history, the study of strategic management has mostly grown over the past century. Here are a few significant commercial and scholarly developments that have aided the development of the discipline. 1911 saw the release of The Principles of Scientific Management by Frederick W. Taylor.
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the market has an expected rate of return of 12.5 percent. the appropriate risk free rate is 3.25 percent. what is the market risk premium?
The market risk premium can be calculated by subtracting the risk-free rate from the expected rate of return on the market. In this case, the expected rate of return on the market is 12.5 percent and the risk-free rate is 3.25 percent. Therefore, the market risk premium can be calculated as:
Market Risk Premium = Expected Rate of Return - Risk-Free Rate
Market Risk Premium = 12.5% - 3.25%
Market Risk Premium = 9.25%
This means that investors expect to receive a premium of 9.25% for taking on the additional risk of investing in the market compared to the risk-free rate of return they could receive by investing in a risk-free asset. The market risk premium is an important factor in determining the expected return on individual stocks or portfolios, as it represents the additional compensation investors require for taking on market risk.
The Market Risk Premium is the additional return an investor expects to receive by investing in a diversified portfolio of risky assets compared to a risk-free investment, such as government bonds. It is calculated using the following formula:
Market Risk Premium = Expected Market Return - Risk-Free Rate
In your question, you provided the expected market rate of return as 12.5 percent and the appropriate risk-free rate as 3.25 percent. Using the formula above, we can calculate the market risk premium:
Market Risk Premium = 12.5% - 3.25%
Market Risk Premium = 9.25%
Therefore, the Market Risk Premium is 9.25 percent. This means that investors expect to receive an additional 9.25% return for taking on the risk of investing in the market compared to investing in risk-free assets.
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By removing discriminatory government procurement laws within the European Union, member nations hoped to benefit from all of the following except:
a.
EU governments could purchase from the cheapest foreign suppliers
b.
Increased competition occurs as domestic firms compete with foreign firms previously shut out of the domestic market
c.
Agricultural prices fall as more farmers are allowed to produce their commodities
d.
Industries are restructured which permits surviving firms to achieve economies of scale
EU governments could purchase from the cheapest foreign supp Other factors such as quality, reliability, transportation costs, and local market conditions can influence the pricing of goods and services.liers.
The removal of discriminatory government procurement laws within the European Union would have several potential benefits. These include increased competition, agricultural price adjustments, and industry restructuring.
Increased competition occurs as domestic firms compete with foreign firms previously shut out of the domestic market.
By removing discriminatory government procurement laws, domestic firms would face competition from foreign firms that were previously excluded from the domestic market.
Agricultural prices fall as more farmers are allowed to produce their commodities.
Removing discriminatory laws can allow more farmers to enter the market, increasing the overall supply of agricultural commodities. With a larger supply, the prices of these commodities may fall due to increased competition among farmers.
Industries are restructured which permits surviving firms to achieve economies of scale.
The removal of discriminatory government procurement laws can lead to industry restructuring, as firms adapt to the new competitive environment. Restructuring may involve mergers, acquisitions, or changes in production methods to improve efficiency. Surviving firms that successfully restructure can take advantage of economies of scale, reducing their production costs and potentially increasing their competitiveness.
It's important to note that while the removal of discriminatory laws can bring benefits, it may also have some negative consequences. These can include job losses in less competitive industries, challenges for smaller domestic firms, and potential social and environmental impacts.
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Following are the given data for Bank A. It is assumed that the profit margin of bank is derived from the rate-sensitive assets and liabilities only. The current interest rate in market is 13%, but it is estimated to fall by 1%. With a view of integrated bank management, show how changes in interest rates affect the ROE of banks. Interpret the change in ROE due to the change in interest rate.

A ROE of Bank decreased due to changes in interest rate.
B ROE of Bank had no effect due to changes in interest rate.
C ROE of Bank is zero to changes in interest rate.
D ROE of Bank increased due to changes in interest rate.
The correct answer is D. The ROE of Bank increased due to changes in interest rate.
Changes in interest rates can have a significant impact on the profitability of banks, particularly on their ROE (return on equity). In this case, the current interest rate in the market is 13%, but it is estimated to fall by 1%. Assuming that the profit margin of the bank is derived from rate-sensitive assets and liabilities only, we can analyze how changes in interest rates affect the ROE of the bank. When interest rates fall, banks typically experience an increase in demand for loans, which increases their interest income. At the same time, the interest expense on deposits and other liabilities also decreases, which further increases their net interest income. This results in an increase in the net interest margin (NIM) of the bank, which is the difference between interest income and interest expense.
The ROE (return on equity) of a bank is a key performance indicator that measures the profitability of a bank in relation to its shareholders' equity. It is calculated by dividing the net income by the average shareholder's equity. The ROE reflects how effectively the bank is using its equity to generate profits. Changes in interest rates can have a significant impact on the profitability of banks, particularly on their ROE. Banks make profits by borrowing money at lower rates and lending it at higher rates, generating a net interest margin (NIM). However, changes in interest rates can affect the NIM of the bank, which in turn affects the ROE. In the given scenario, the current interest rate in the market is 13%, but it is estimated to fall by 1%. Assuming that the profit margin of the bank is derived from rate-sensitive assets and liabilities only, we can analyze how changes in interest rates affect the ROE of the bank.
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if the supply of houses increases and the demand for houses decreases, what will happen to the equilibrium price and equilibrium quanty?
The equilibrium price decreases and the equilibrium quantity increases if supply of house increases and demand decreases.
The introduction of new houses leads to an increase in supply, but other facts remain the same. An increase in supply creates an oversupply of houses available at the previous equilibrium price.
As a result, competition among sellers drives prices down. Falling prices mean less supply and more demand. A new equilibrium will not be reached until these changes continue for some time. As a result, the equilibrium price decreases and the equilibrium quantity increases.
The intersection of supply and demand curves is called equilibrium. Demand or supply of products may fluctuate, and the influence of determinants may alter the demand and supply curve. Such changes affect the equilibrium quantity and price. We are talking about supply fluctuations now.
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The daily percentage change in an exchange rate is compared to a normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation. Which of the following is true?Group of answer choices:a) Small exchange rate moves are less likely and large exchange rate moves are more likely than with the normal distribution.b) Large exchange rate moves are less likely and small exchange rate moves are more likely than with the normal distribution.c) Both small and large exchange rate moves are more likely than with the normal distribution.d) Both small and large exchange rate moves are less likely than with the normal distribution.e) Both small and large exchange rate moves are equally likely as with the normal distribution.
When the daily percentage change in an exchange rate is compared to a normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation, the answer is option B: Large exchange rate moves are less likely and small exchange rate moves are more likely than with the normal distribution.
A normal distribution is a bell-shaped curve where most of the data points are clustered around the mean, and the standard deviation measures the variability or spread of the data points from the mean. If we assume that the daily percentage change in an exchange rate follows a normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation, then we can expect that most of the exchange rate moves will be close to the mean, and fewer moves will be far from the mean.
In other words, large exchange rate moves that are more than one standard deviation away from the mean are less likely to occur than with the normal distribution. This is because the tails of the normal distribution are relatively thin, and the probability of extreme values decreases rapidly as we move away from the mean.
On the other hand, small exchange rate moves that are within one standard deviation from the mean are more likely to occur than with the normal distribution. This is because most of the data points are clustered around the mean, and the probability of small values is relatively high.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer, and we can expect that large exchange rate moves are less likely and small exchange rate moves are more likely than with the normal distribution when comparing the daily percentage change in an exchange rate to a normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation.
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How abrasive grits interact with machined surfaces? Select all correct answers (the score is right minus wrong answers ) Plowing action (significantly reduced cutting action) Cutting action Rubbing action (no. or almost no cutting)
Plowing action (significantly reduced cutting action), Cutting action Abrasive grits interact with machined surfaces through both cutting and plowing actions.
Cutting action involves the grits physically shearing off material from the surface, while plowing action involves the grits pushing material aside and creating grooves or scratches in the surface.
Rubbing action, on the other hand, is not typically associated with abrasive grits. It refers to a type of frictional interaction between two surfaces that are moving relative to each other without any significant cutting or plowing.
Therefore, the correct answers are plowing action and cutting action.
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.Captain Kirk is refurbishing the transporter room of the Starship Enterprise. The cost basis for this project is $20 billion. After 25 years of use it can be sold to the Cardasians for $5 billion. The number of years depreciation is 25 for straight-line and declining balance.
If Captain Kirk uses the declining balance depreciation method, what is the value of d3?
To determine the value of d3 in the declining balance depreciation method, we need to understand the concept of declining balance depreciation and its calculations.
In the declining balance method, the asset is depreciated by a fixed percentage each year, typically higher than the straight-line method. The depreciation expense decreases over time as a percentage of the remaining book value of the asset.
To calculate the declining balance depreciation for a particular year, we use the following formula:
Depreciation Expense = Book Value at the Beginning of the Year * Depreciation Rate
In this case, we are given the cost basis of the transporter room refurbishment project as $20 billion and the number of years depreciation is 25.
To find the value of d3, we need to calculate the depreciation expense for year 3 using the declining balance method.
Let's assume the depreciation rate is represented as a decimal "r."
Year 1 depreciation expense = Book Value at the Beginning of the Year * Depreciation Rate = $20 billion * r
Year 2 depreciation expense = (Book Value at the Beginning of Year 1 - Year 1 depreciation expense) * Depreciation Rate = ($20 billion - Year 1 depreciation expense) * r
Year 3 depreciation expense = (Book Value at the Beginning of Year 2 - Year 2 depreciation expense) * Depreciation Rate = ($20 billion - Year 1 depreciation expense - Year 2 depreciation expense) * r
Since we don't have the specific values for the depreciation rate or the depreciation expenses in years 1 and 2, we cannot determine the exact value of d3 without additional information.
To find the value of d3, we would need to know the specific depreciation rate used and the depreciation expenses for the first two years.
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often, some smaller retailers go out of business when target opens a new store. the most likely reason for this outcome is that:
Getting customers into their physical retail stores is a key challenge for merchants. A recent survey (Wiser, 2019) found that when it comes to impulsive purchases, 89 percent of women and 78 percent of men buy extra things when they enter a physical retail store.
By communicating with customers through only one channel, retailers can target them more precisely. 86) One technique to attract customers to a merchant is by offering unique national brands that are not offered by other stores. Before the coronavirus epidemic hit the U.S., several large national retail businesses were already experiencing difficulties. As a result, when the nation had to shut down, their financial difficulties intensified.
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upon closure of a project, what happens to the information gathered throughout the course of the project?
Upon closure of a project, the information gathered throughout the course of the project is typically documented and archived for future reference. This documentation may include project plans, schedules, budgets, status reports, meeting minutes, and any other relevant information. The information may be stored in a central repository, such as a project management system or database, to ensure it is easily accessible to project stakeholders. In addition, lessons learned from the project are often documented and shared to help improve future project outcomes.
Upon closure of a project, the information gathered throughout the course of the project is typically compiled, analyzed, and documented in a project closure report or a lessons learned document.
This process helps to identify the project's successes, challenges, and areas for improvement, ensuring that valuable insights are preserved for future projects.
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Exercise 22-7 Departmental contribution report LO P3
Below are departmental income statements for a guitar manufacturer. The manufacturer is considering eliminating its electric guitar department since it has a net loss. The company classifies advertising, rent, and utilities expenses as indirect.
WHOLESALE GUITARS
Departmental Income Statements
For Year Ended December 31, 2017
Acoustic Electric Sales $ 102,600 $ 84,700 Cost of goods sold 44,275 47,650 Gross profit 58,325 37,050 Operating expenses Advertising expense 5,045 4,330 Depreciation expense—equipment 10,140 8,600 Salaries expense 20,000 17,300 Supplies expense 1,960 1,710 Rent expense 7,065 6,020 Utilities expense 2,975 2,550 Total operating expenses 47,185 40,510 Net income (loss) $ 11,140 $ (3,460 ) 1. Prepare a departmental contribution report that shows each department’s contribution to overhead.
2. Based on contribution to overhead, should the electric guitar department be eliminated?
No
Yes
1.To prepare a departmental contribution report that shows each department's contribution to overhead, we need to calculate the contribution margin for each department. 2.Based on contribution to overhead, the electric guitar department should not be eliminated.
1.Contribution margin is the difference between the department's sales revenue and its variable costs. Indirect expenses like advertising, rent, and utilities are not included in the contribution margin calculation as they are not directly related to the production of goods. Acoustic Guitar Department. Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit $102,600 - $44,275 = $58,325 Gross profit - Variable expenses (salaries and supplies) = Contribution margin $58,325 - ($20,000 + $1,960) = $36,365Electric Guitar Department: Sales revenue - Cost of goods sold = Gross profit $84,700 - $47,650 = $37,050 Gross profit - Variable expenses (salaries and supplies) = Contribution margin $37,050 - ($17,300 + $1,710) = $18,040. Contribution to overhead Acoustic Guitar Department: $36,365. Electric Guitar Department: $18,040
2. Although the electric guitar department has a net loss, it still contributes significantly to overhead. Eliminating the department would reduce the company's total contribution to overhead and could have negative effects on other departments' profitability. Additionally, the company may want to explore ways to improve the electric guitar department's performance rather than simply eliminating it.
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Exercise 22-7 requires the preparation of a departmental contribution report, which shows the contribution margin for each department within a company.
The following information is provided:
Sales Variable Expenses Fixed Expenses
A $300,000 $150,000 $75,000
B $200,000 $100,000 $50,000
C $400,000 $180,000 $120,000
To prepare the departmental contribution report, the contribution margin must first be calculated for each department. The contribution margin is the difference between the sales revenue and variable expenses. The fixed expenses are not included in this calculation because they are not affected by changes in sales volume.
Department A: $300,000 - $150,000 = $150,000
Department B: $200,000 - $100,000 = $100,000
Department C: $400,000 - $180,000 = $220,000
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FILL IN THE BLANK with policy, the most common distribution methods are hard copy and __________.
With policy, the most common distribution methods are hard copy and electronic distribution. When it comes to distributing policy documents, the two most common methods are hard copy and electronic distribution.
Organizations have traditionally relied on hard copy distribution of policy documents, which involves printing physical copies and distributing them to employees or stakeholders. This method ensures that individuals have a tangible document they can reference. However, with advancements in technology and the increasing reliance on digital platforms, electronic distribution has become prevalent. Electronic distribution involves sharing policy documents in a digital format, such as through email, intranet portals, or document management systems. This method offers several advantages, including cost savings, convenience, and the ability to quickly disseminate updates or revisions. Additionally, electronic distribution allows for easy access to policy documents across various devices and locations. While hard copy distribution may still be preferred in certain situations or for specific audiences, electronic distribution has gained popularity due to its efficiency and flexibility in delivering policy information.
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.4.2. if your credit card calculates interest based on 13.90 APR, compounded monthly,
(A) What are you monthly interest rate and annual effective interest rate ?
(B) if your current outstanding balance is 3,000 and you skip payments for two months, what would be the total balance two months from now?
(A)The annual effective interest rate is almost 15%
(B)The total balance will be: 3,034.75 + (3,034.75 x 1.1583%) = 3,069.96.
(A) The monthly interest rate can be calculated by dividing the annual interest rate (APR) by 12, since the interest is compounded monthly. So, the monthly interest rate is 13.90/12 = 1.1583%. To calculate the annual effective interest rate, we need to take into account the effect of compounding. The formula for annual effective interest rate is (1 + r/n)^n - 1, where r is the annual interest rate and n is the number of times interest is compounded per year. In this case, r is 13.90% and n is 12 (since interest is compounded monthly). Plugging these values into the formula, we get: (1 + 0.1390/12)^12 - 1 = 14.999%. So, the annual effective interest rate is almost 15%.
(B) Skipping payments on your credit card can have serious consequences, as it can lead to late fees, increased interest rates, and damage to your credit score. Assuming there are no late fees or other charges, if you skip payments for two months, the interest will continue to accrue on your outstanding balance. Using the monthly interest rate calculated in part (A), we can calculate the interest that will accrue each month as follows: 3,000 x 1.1583% = 34.75. So, after one month, your balance will be 3,000 + 34.75 = 3,034.75. After two months, the interest will accrue on the new balance, so the total balance will be: 3,034.75 + (3,034.75 x 1.1583%) = 3,069.96. This is assuming that no other charges or payments are made during the two-month period.
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What is the drawback in basing advertising budgets on a fixed percentage of sales? Select one: a. The technique is complicated to use. b. There are no drawbacks. c. Results are ineffective. d. Every company has different positioning and advertising strategies. e. A downturn would reduce the budget when more may be needed.
The drawback in basing advertising budgets on a fixed percentage of sales is that a downturn would reduce the budget when more may be needed. Option E
What is the drawback in basing advertising budgets on a fixed percentage of sales?When a company bases its advertising budget on a settled rate of deals, it ties the sum it spends on advertising specifically to its income. Whereas this strategy could seem basic and clear, it can be risky in the event that deals decay. On the off chance that deals diminish, the publicizing budget will too diminish, which can lead to a diminish in brand mindfulness and a advance decay in deals.
In this manner, whereas basing publicizing budgets on a settled rate of deals may be a valuable rule, it is critical to consider other variables such as the company's situating, promoting techniques, and the by and large financial environment to guarantee that the budget is viable and able to adjust to changing circumstances.
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Variable costs are $5.40 per pair, and fixed costs for the year total $76,500. The selling price is $9 per pair. Required: 1. Calculate the breakeven point
The breakeven point is 21,250 pairs of shoes.
To find the breakeven point, you need to consider the variable costs, fixed costs, and selling price.
1. The given information is:
Variable costs: $5.40 per pair
Fixed costs: $76,500 per year
Selling price: $9 per pair
2. To calculate the breakeven point, first, find the contribution margin per unit, which is the selling price minus the variable cost per unit:
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price - Variable costs
Contribution margin per unit = $9 - $5.40
Contribution margin per unit = $3.60
3. Next, divide the fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit to find the breakeven point in units:
Breakeven point (units) = Fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit
Breakeven point (units) = $76,500 / $3.60
Breakeven point (units) = 21,250
So, the breakeven point is 21,250 pairs of shoes. This means that the company needs to sell 21,250 pairs of shoes to cover its fixed and variable costs and start making a profit.
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True or false? A creative work environment requires organizational encouragement and supervisory encouragement as well as workgroup encouragement.
True. A creative work environment necessitates organizational encouragement, supervisory encouragement, as well as workgroup encouragement.
Creating a truly creative work environment involves fostering an atmosphere that supports and nurtures innovation, idea generation, and collaboration. This requires various levels of encouragement within the organization. Organizational encouragement entails the establishment of policies, practices, and cultural norms that promote and value creativity. This can include allocating resources for research and development, providing time for experimentation and exploration, and recognizing and rewarding creative contributions.
Supervisory encouragement involves managers and leaders actively supporting and motivating their employees to think creatively, take risks, and pursue innovative solutions. This can be done through open communication, providing autonomy, and offering constructive feedback that fosters growth and creativity.
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Merck & Co. included the following footnote in its 2013 annual report:Environmental MattersThe Company believes that there are no compliance issues associated with applicable environmental laws and regulations that would have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Company is also remediating environmental contamination resulting from past industrial activity at certain of its sites. Expenditures for remediation and environmental liabilities were $20 million in 2013, $14 million in 2012 and $25 million in 2011, and are estimated at $117 million in the aggregate for the years 2014 through 2018. These amounts do not consider potential recoveries from other parties. The Company has taken an active role in identifying and providing for these costs and, in management?s opinion, the liabilities for all environmental matters, which are probable and reasonably estimable, have been accrued and totaled $213 million at December 31, 2013. Although it is not possible to predict with certainty the outcome of these environmental matters, or the ultimate costs of remediation, management does not believe that any reasonably possible expenditures that may be incurred in excess of the liabilities accrued should exceed $84 million in the aggregate. Management also does not believe that these expenditures should have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources for any year.Required:a. How does Merck account for environmental liabilities that are probable and reasonably estimable? At December 31, 2013, how much were these liabilities?b. How does Merck account for environmental liabilities that are reasonably possible? At December 31, 2013, how much were these liabilities?c. The footnote mentions $213 million and $117 million as estimated future expenditures. Explain what each of these amounts represents and why they differ.d. Use the financial statement effects template below, to record Merck's 2013 remediation and environmental expenditures, assuming that the liability had already been accrued on Merck's books.
Merck accrues and discloses environmental liabilities. The accrued liabilities were $213M, and the estimated reasonably possible expenditures were $117M as of 2013.
a. Merck accounts for environmental liabilities that are probable and reasonably estimable by accruing for the expected costs associated with remediation and environmental liabilities. On December 31, 2013, these liabilities amounted to $213 million.
b. Merck accounts for environmental liabilities that are reasonably possible by disclosing them in its footnotes but does not accrue for them on its financial statements. On December 31, 2013, the estimated reasonably possible expenditures for environmental liabilities were $117 million.
c. The $213 million represents the total amount of accrued liabilities for environmental remediation and liabilities that are probable and estimable over the next five years, while the $117 million represents the estimated expenditures for environmental liabilities that are reasonably possible over the next five years.
The difference between the two amounts is due to the fact that the $213 million is based on liabilities that are probable and estimable, while the $117 million is based on liabilities that are only reasonably possible.
d. Financial statement effects template:
Debit: Remediation and Environmental Expenses $20 million
Credit: Cash $20 million
The entry above records Merck's 2013 remediation and environmental expenditures, assuming that the liability had already been accrued on Merck's books. The expense is debited, and the cash paid is credited. This entry reduces the net income of Merck for the year and reduces the company's cash balance.
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lowering the price of a product along the ______ range of demand will decrease total revenue.
Lowering the price of a product along the inelastic range of demand will generally decrease total revenue.
lowering the price of a product along the inelastic range of demand will decrease total revenue.
in economics, the price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price. demand can be classified as elastic, inelastic, or unitary elastic based on the magnitude of the price elasticity coefficient.
when demand is inelastic, it means that a change in price has a relatively small impact on the quantity demanded. in this range, consumers are less sensitive to price changes, and as a result, lowering the price of the product will lead to a proportionally smaller increase in quantity demanded.
when the price is lowered along the inelastic range of demand, the decrease in price is not enough to compensate for the decrease in revenue caused by the smaller increase in quantity demanded. as a result, total revenue, which is calculated by multiplying the price by the quantity sold, will decrease.
on the other hand, when demand is elastic (consumers are price-sensitive), lowering the price can lead to a more than proportionate increase in quantity demanded, resulting in an increase in total revenue. in the unitary elastic range, a change in price leads to an equal percentage change in quantity demanded, resulting in total revenue remaining constant.
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