Net primary productivity (NPP) is a simple method for measuring gross primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems.
Net primary productivity (NPP) is indeed a method for quantifying gross primary productivity (GPP) in aquatic ecosystems. Gross primary productivity refers to the total amount of energy that producers, such as algae and aquatic plants, convert through photosynthesis. It represents the total energy fixed by autotrophs in an ecosystem.
To measure GPP in aquatic ecosystems, scientists often employ the concept of NPP. NPP is determined by subtracting the energy lost through respiration (R) by autotrophs from the GPP. In other words, NPP represents the amount of energy available for primary consumers and subsequent trophic levels.
The measurement of NPP involves several techniques, including the use of light and dark bottle experiments, oxygen production/consumption measurements, and the use of stable isotopes. These methods allow researchers to estimate the net production of oxygen or carbon dioxide and determine the balance between photosynthetic activity and respiration in the ecosystem. By measuring NPP, scientists can assess the overall productivity and energy flow within aquatic ecosystems, providing insights into the ecosystem's functioning and potential impacts of environmental changes.
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Self Check Questions
1. Who is the “father of capitalism” and why is he given this title?
2. What is Keynesian economics?
3. According to the videos, what were the contrasting views of Keynes and Hayek?
4. Explain Friedman's views of government intervention in the economy. How are his views demonstrated in Jacob Clifford's video using “The Terminator”?
Keynesian Economics is a form of demand-side economics that encourages government action to increase and decrease demand and output.
What is the purpose of keynesian economics?Keynesian economics developed during and after the Great Depression from the ideas presented by Keynes in his 1936 book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money.
Keynesian economics argues that the solution to a recession is expansionary fiscal policy, such as tax cuts to stimulate consumption and investment.
Keynesian economics is a theory that says the government should increase demand to boost growth. Keynesians believe that consumer demand is the primary driving force in an economy.
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It is question that you are trying to seek answer or solve in a scientific method?a. hypothesisb. materialsc problemd. variables
Option a. hypothesis is question that you are trying to seek answer or solve in a scientific method.
A theory proposed to explain a fact is known as a hypothesis. A hypothesis cannot be a research hypothesis unless it can be tested using the research methodology. Research hypotheses are frequently founded on earlier results that the existing body of knowledge is unable to adequately address.
The variable which the scientist modifies or manipulates in an investigation is known as the independent variable. The observed reaction is the dependent variable. The dependent variable is based on the variation in the independent variable, to put it another way.
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The fact that sperm whales can dive to depths of 7,000 feet illustrates that
some sea creatures have adapted to hydrostatic pressure.
there is no food for sperm whales at the surface level of the ocean.
the sperm whale’s prey cannot survive at depths lower than 7,000 feet.
whales have adapted to pressure better than any other creature in the ocean.
The fact that sperm whales can dive to depths of 7,000 feet illustrates that some sea creatures have adapted to hydrostatic pressure. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
What are the characteristics of sperm whales?Sperm whales are mostly dark grey, though some whales have white patches on the belly. They are the only living cetacean that has a single blowhole asymmetrically situated on the left side of the crown of the head.
The heads of sperm whales are extremely large, accounting for about one-third of their total body length. The one common theory is that the fluid that represents the hardens to wax at the time of cold it helps the whale alter its buoyancy due to this it can dive deep and rise again. This is due to the fact known as hydrostatic pressure.
Therefore, the fact that sperm whales can dive to depths of 7,000 feet illustrates that some sea creatures have adapted to hydrostatic pressure. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
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How do forensic investigators use insect activity to determine tod?
Forensic scientists can determine the cause of death, the postmortem index, and any changes in the position of the corpse by observing the insect population and its developing larval stages.
How can this stage of breakdown be determined by insect activity?As decay progresses more quickly, more blowflies, beetles, and mites are drawn to the body by the odors and bodily fluids that start to leak from it. The predatory flies and beetles that arrive later consume both the decomposing flesh and maggots.
Which forensic entomology technique can he employ to establish the moment of death?Since other forensic techniques are equally or more accurate before this point than the bug evidence, the majority of cases involving a forensic entomologist are 72 hours or older.
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What 7 traits did Mendel study in peas?
Seven traits that Gregor Mendel studied in peas include:
pea shape (wrinkled or round),pea color (yellow or green),flower color (white or purple),pod shape (inflated or constricted),pod color (yellow or green),position of flowers (terminal or axial), andplant size (dwarf or tall).Gregor Mendel (20 July 1822–6 January 1884) was an Austrian biologist that was widely known for his pea plant experiments. Mendel is often called the father of genetics.
He studied the inheritance of seven different traits in peas, which included height, flower and seed colors, and seed shape. To do so, Mendel first established pea lines with two different forms of a trait, such as yellow vs. green color. For generations, Mendel grew these lines until they were pure-breeding (which meant they always produced offspring identical to the parent), and then he bred them to each other and observed how the traits were inherited.
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Who was Charles Darwin and why was he important to the field of biology?
Darwin's greatest contribution to science is that he completed the Copernican Revolution by drawing out for biology the notion of nature as a system of matter in motion governed by natural laws. With Darwin's discovery of natural selection, the origin and adaptations of organisms were brought into the realm of science.
Which technique would be the best way for a geologist to get a sense of the history of an area?
O examining the relationships and patterns in rock layers
O looking for and examining the oldest rocks in the area
O observing current geological features and characteristics
O surveying the overall shape of the landscape
Answer: B
Why: because History is the study of past events, so it makes sense to find the oldest rocks in the area, because the older that things are, the most history that they have.
A would not be correct because patterns are not history.
C would not be correct because current features are not history, that is observing things in the present.
D would not be correct because shape has nothing to do with history.
Pretend you are MEIOSIS. Write a letter to your body letting it know how important MEIOSIS is for your body to function and carry out life. You must include the following words: gametes, haploid, diploid, chromosomes, crossing-over, fertilization.
The letter to my body letting it know how important MEIOSIS is for your body to function and carry out life is given below
The letterDear body,
I am writing to remind you of the crucial role I, Meiosis, play in your function and ability to carry out life. Without me, the process of creating genetically diverse gametes, the cells responsible for fertilization, would not be possible.
As you may know, my primary function is to reduce the number of chromosomes in a cell from the diploid number to the haploid number. This process, also known as cell division, is essential for the formation of healthy and viable gametes. Without the reduction of chromosomes, fertilization would not occur and the continuation of life would be impossible.
During my process, genetic diversity is also increased through the process of crossing-over, in which genes from different chromosomes can be exchanged. This leads to the formation of unique combinations of genetic information in each gamete, which is vital for the survival of future generations.
In short, my role in your body is to ensure the creation of healthy and genetically diverse gametes through the reduction of chromosomes and the process of crossing-over. Without me, fertilization and the continuation of life would not be possible. Please remember to take good care of me and the cells that I work with.
Sincerely,
Meiosis
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What is the number of nitrogen molecules that reacted with excess hydrogen to make 2 x 1010 molecules of ammonia?.
The number of nitrogen molecules that react with excess hydrogen to produce 2x10^10 ammonia molecules is 1×10¹⁰.
Stoichiometry is the calculation of a balanced chemical equation that determines the ratio between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
Equilibrium in chemical equations obeys conservation principles and Dalton's model of the atom, such as the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that:
mass of reactants = mass of products
In this sense, the equation must have equal weight on both sides of the equation.
In terms of reactions, both are in equilibrium 3H₂ + N2 ⟷ 2 NH₃
If 1 molecule of nitrogen produces 2 molecules of ammonia
2 x 10¹⁰ ammonia molecules will be produced if 2 x 10¹⁰ × 1/2= 1 × 10¹⁰ molecules.
So, the number of susceptible nitrogen molecules is 1 × 10¹⁰.
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:
Which best describes a correct order of the water
cycle?
A. precipitation, runoff, condensation,
evaporation, precipitation
B. precipitation, runoff, evaporation,
condensation, precipitation
C. precipitation, evaporation, condensation,
runoff, precipitation
D. precipitation, evaporation, runoff,
condensation, precipitation
!
Answer:
B. precipitation, runoff, evaporation, condensation, precipitation.
Explanation:
A is incorrect because in order for the water to get to the point of condensation, it needs to be evaporated into the clouds. B is correct because the first thing that needs to happen is for precipitation to occur. Then, the precipitation can become runoff and wait in a puddle, lake, ocean, etc. The precipitation is then evaporated into the clouds, where it condenses and the process starts all over. C is incorrect because in order for the precipitation to be evaporated again, it needs to run down the sides of things and gather somewhere to wait. Then, it can be evaporated. D is incorrect because it is impossible for precipitation to be evaporated before it can be one runoff. Therefore, the order is wrong.
Hope this helps! :)
What talents do biomedical engineers need?
The talents that a biomedical engineer requires are creativity, patience, good communication, analytical and problem solving skills.
Biomedical engineering basically involves the application of various principles of engineering and also design concepts in the field of biology and medicine. It focuses on developing more integrated understanding on how different organisms function, improving the quality of human life, developing instruments which help in diagnosis and treatment of diseases etc.
A biomedical engineer must possess certain talents and skills like problem solving, calculative and analytical skills. They should also be creative and have good communication skills with patience and knowledge about how to design products which can help patients in the field of biology and medicine.
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What is poor flexibility caused by?
Many variables affect the loss of normal joint flexibility including injury, inactivity or a lack of stretching. The range of motion will be influenced by the mobility of the soft tissues that surround the joint. These soft tissues include: muscles, ligaments, tendons, joint capsules, and skin.
How to tell the difference between fertilized and unfertilized eggs?
After an egg has been cracked, looking at the yolk will show whether it has been fertilized. With unfertilized eggs, a white dot might be visible, but in fertilized eggs, a concentric circle will be visible.
Without shattering the eggs, how can you distinguish between fertilized and unfertilized ones?If the egg is fertile, you should notice a black area in the center of the egg and some veins that resemble spider webs starting to form around it. If it's not, you should only be able to make out the outline of the egg's yellow yolk.
How can you tell if an egg from a chicken is fertilized?The germinal disc, a little white dot on the yolk surface of all eggs, is present. It is a collection of cells that, if the egg is fertilized, will grow into a chick.
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Write a short story using the vocab words: DNA, Alleles, genes, chromosomes.
Answer:
Dna Is a double stand made of two stands twist together
Explanation:
alleles is the alternative form of genes
genes are small section of dna
chromosome long.thread like structure which carries genetic information
Which type of macromolecule is constructed of long chains of amino acids?
O proteins
O nucleic acids
O lipids
O carbohydrates
What are the structures that make up a DNA molecule and where does your body get all the molecules and compounds needed to make DNA structures in all of your body cells?
Explain.
Answer:
Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder's rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.
What is an important function of mitochondria (the powerhouse of the cell)?
converting sunlight into energy in ATP
converting glucose (sugar) into chemical energy in ATP
converting sunlight into glucose
Answer:
option b is correct pls mark brainliest if u r girl
Which feed is mostly eaten by birds?
Answer:
worms, seeds, some nuts, other small animals if the bird is bigger, berrys
Which of the following forms of cellular transport is being illustrated below?
The form of cellular transport is being illustrated below in the given diagram is known as exocytosis.
What is Cellular transport?Cellular transport may be defined as the process of movement of substances across the cell membrane either into or out of the cell. Cell transport includes passive and active transport. Passive transport does not require energy whereas active transport requires energy to proceed.
Exocytosis is the process through which cells move materials from within the cell into the extracellular fluid. It significantly occurs when a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane, allowing its contents to be released outside the cell.
Therefore, the form of cellular transport is being illustrated below in the given diagram is known as exocytosis.
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During ___________, the cell grows, makes a DNA copy, and prepares to split into two cells
Answer:
Interphase
Explanation:
What value would be returned in Excel cell A49?
In MS Excel, the returned value from cell A49 is 4, which is based on the "count" function.
In MS Excel, a count function is used to calculate the number of entries in a cell or the number of fields that meet a predefined value set by the user.
In the given picture, 'NP*' is the predefined value that is set by the user, and therefore the value that would be returned in cell A49 based on the formula "[=COUNTIF(A43:A47, "NP*")]" is 4. It is because the calls A43, A44, A45, and A46 are containing the value "NP."
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In Australia, for example (where our study was performed), many of the birds can fly great distances, sometimes across the whole of Australia, often because of unpredictable weather. Birds in other parts of the world where the weather is more predictable, such as England and America, do not have to fly such long distances.
1. Observation
2. Question
3. Hypothesis
4. Collect Evidence
HELP FASTT!!!! GIVING BRAINLIEST IF THERES MULTIPLE ANSWERS!!!! What types of living things were prevalent during the Mesozoic Era? Select all that apply.
flowering plants
humans
marsupials
large reptiles
the answer is large reptiles
Explanation:
When the first dinosaurs, marine reptiles, lizards and tortoises appeared mammals appeared during the Triassic but they remianed unsignficant until their competitors tje dinosaurs became extinct at the end od cretaceous they all ruled the land and air
Commercial meat tenderizer often contain papain, a proteolytic (protein-digeting) enzyme. How might uch product make meat more tender?
The fruit papaya includes the enzyme papain, which aids in the breakdown of proteins by severing the bonds between amino acids, gradually softening the meat.
As a result, it is perfect for use as a meat tenderizer because its enzyme gives meat a softer texture and more flavor. Meat would become more soft thanks to a protein-digesting enzyme that would reduce lengthy, fibrous protein chains into smaller protein chains. An enzyme will accomplish the same type of cutting, but on a smaller scale, just as repeatedly piercing a tough piece of meat with a fine blade will cut long protein strands into shorter, more delicate fibres.
Papaya and a few other plants contain the protein-cleaving enzyme known as papain. Complex molecules called enzymes are created by living things to catalyze (fast-track) chemical reactions inside of cells.
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Which characteristic of life is demonstrated by the chemical reactions in a snake's body to produce venom?
homeostasis
metabolism
growth and development
response
The characteristic of life that is demonstrated by the chemical reactions in a snake's body to produce venom is b. metabolism (and then response).
What is the capacity of response in evolutionary terms?The capacity of response in evolutionary terms refers to the adaptative responses that a species have in order to face a challenging enviroment such as occurs in this case for the production of venom, which is a response to obtain foods in a very competitive enviroment (venom paralyze the prey in order to eat them during the coevolution between the prey and the depredator species).
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the capacity of response by metabolism in evolutionary terms is a type of ability that organisms have in order to obtain foods in an ever changing environment such as occurs in this case with the synthesis of venom by snakes.
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If something stands between you and your success, move it. What does this quote mean
Answer: I think it basically means that if something is stopping you from being the best version of yourself or being successful then remove that thing from your life so you can be the best or be successful. Take control of your life and don't waste any opportunities!
Warm air rises because:
Question 7 options:
It is made of helium
As it warms the particles spread out making it less dense
As it warms the particles get closer together making it more dense
Air always moves towards the sun or moon due to gravity
Answer:
helium
Explanation:
balloon
Can someone help me before I leave class
Answer:
Explanation:
atp
What is the social science that studies society and social behavior?
Sociology is a social science that focuses on society and social behavior.
Sociology, the social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that maintain and transform them. This is done by examining the dynamics of social constructs such as institutions, communities, population groups, gender, race and age groups. Sociology also studies social status or stratification, social movements and social change, and social disruption in the form of crime, deviation, and revolution. Social life overwhelmingly regulates human behavior, largely because humans lack the instincts that guide most animal behavior. Therefore, people rely on social institutions and organizations to inform their decisions and actions.
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Answer: Sociology is a social science that focuses on society and social behavior.Sociology, the social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that maintain and transform them. This is done by examining the dynamics of social constructs such as institutions, communities, population groups, gender, race and age groups. Sociology also studies social status or stratification, social movements and social change, and social disruption in the form of crime, deviation, and revolution. Social life overwhelmingly regulates human behavior, largely because humans lack the instincts that guide most animal behavior. Therefore, people rely on social institutions and organizations to inform their decisions and actions.
Explanation:
A set of biology exam scores are normally distributed with a mean of 707070 points and a standard deviation of 666 points. Let x=x=x, equals the score on a randomly selected exam from this set. Find p(x<73)p(x<73)p, left parenthesis, x, is less than, 73, right parenthesis. You may round your answer to two decimal places.
The answer is P(x < 73) = 0.6915
Table Z is a table that contains area values under the normal curve. A data distribution is said to be normal if it resembles a bell shape, where the mean value will be close to the median value. In addition, data with large or small values are relatively few or clustered in the middle.
Here given a mean of 70 points and a standard deviation of 6 points. X represents the exam scores that are randomly selected from this set
Z-score, for randomly selected exam score x:
P(x <73) = P(x-70)/6 < (73-70)/6
P(x <73) = P(2 < 1/2) → find the value table Z
P(x <73) = 0.6915
Correct writing of questions:
A set of biology scores are normally distributed with a mean of 70 points and a standard deviation of 6 points. Let X= equals the score on a randomly selected score from this set.
Find P(X<73)
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