The number of stages in the mechanism is the easiest method to tell the difference between E1 and E2.
What favors an E2 reaction?Strong bases support the E2 mechanism while merely a weak base is necessary for the E1 mechanism. 2) The solvent: Effective ionising solvents (polar protics) support the E1 process by stabilising the intermediate carbocation.
The base's composition plays a crucial role in an E2 reaction since it is involved in the step that determines rate. More reactive bases will encourage an E2 reaction.
Steps in the process. Counting the steps in the mechanism is the most straightforward approach to tell E1 from E2 in a system. In contrast to E2, which occurs in a single step without an intermediate step, E1 involves two stages and a carbocation intermediate.
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Compare and contrast electron behavior in Rutherford’s, Bohr’s, and the quantum models
Rutherford’s, Bohr’s, and the quantum models say that electrons behave as particles, electron is negatively charged and electrons behave both particles and wave respectively.
What Rutherford’s, Bohr’s, and the quantum models say about electron?Bohr model states that electrons behave as particles, Rutherford's model proposed that the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom whereas quantum model explains that the electron has both particle and wave behavior.
So we can conclude that Rutherford’s, Bohr’s, and the quantum models say that electrons behave as particles, electron is negatively charged and electrons behave both particles and wave respectively.
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Enthalpy of reaction of nitrogen dioxide (use Hess Law)
N2(g) + 2O2(g) → 2NO2(g)
N2 + O2 → 2NO Hr= +180 kJmol-1
2NO + O2 → 2NO2 Hr= -112 kJmol-1
Starting Point Ending point
N2 (g) + 2O2 (g) → 2NO2 (g)
+180kJ -112kJ
2NO2 + O2 (g)
Use the information to calculate the H and explain how you got your answer.
Considering the Hess's Law, the enthalpy change for the reaction is 68 kJ/mol.
Hess's LawHess's Law indicates that the enthalpy change in a chemical reaction will be the same whether it occurs in a single stage or in several stages. That is, the sum of the ∆H of each stage of the reaction will give us a value equal to the ∆H of the reaction when it occurs in a single stage.
Enthalpy of reaction of nitrogen dioxideIn this case you want to calculate the enthalpy change of:
N₂ + 2 O₂ → 2 NO₂
which occurs in two stages.
You know the following reactions, with their corresponding enthalpies:
Equation 1: N₂ + O₂ → 2 NO ΔH = 180 kJ/mol
Equation 2: 2 NO + O₂ → 2 NO₂ ΔH = –112 kJ/mol
Because of the way formation reactions are defined, any chemical reaction can be written as a combination of formation reactions, some going forward and some going back.
In this case, first, to obtain the enthalpy of the desired chemical reaction you need one mole of N₂ on reactant side and it is present in first equation so let's write this as such.
In the same way, you need two moles of NO₂ on product side and it is present in second equation so let's write this as such.
Finally, in this way the two moles of NO cancel.
Then, it is not necessary to modify the given equations. So, adding or canceling the reactants and products as appropriate, and adding the enthalpies algebraically, you obtain:
N₂ + 2 O₂ → 2 NO₂ ΔH= 68 kJ/mol
Finally, the enthalpy change for the reaction is 68 kJ/mol.
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A neutral atom has high electronegativity.
Describe what happens to this atom during ionic bond formation.
Please get it cleared and stored into your cerebrum that a cation is formed when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence electron shell.
However too, on other hand an anion is formed when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its outermost electron shell.
A cation means a positive ion
An anion means a negative ion
What is electronegativity?Electronegativity is one of physical periodicity and property of elements that describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons toward itself.
Generally, electronegativity of an atoms of elements in a particular trend is affected by both its atomic number and the distance that its valence electrons reside from the charged nuclei.
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What types of energy do lamps give off?
Include how was your day in you answer.
Explain why/if the lamp gives off heat energy.
Answer:
When a lamp is turned on, it gives off light energy and heat energy.
My day was fantastic.
Explanation:
The lamp gives off heat energy because anything that gives off light energy gives off heat energy.
Calculate the percent yield of a reaction that produced 0.350 mol HCI if the theoretical yield was 15.36 g
The percent yield of the reaction that produced 0.350 mol HCI is 83.17%
How to determine the actual yield (in grams)Mole of HCl = 0.350 moleMolar mass of HCl = 36.5 g/molActual yield =?Actual yield = 0.35 × 36.5
Actual yield = 12.775 g
How to determine the percentage yield Actual yield of HCl = 12.775 gTheoretical yield of HCl = 15.36 gPercentage yield =?Percentage yield = (Actual / Theoretical) × 100
Percentage yield = (12.775 / 15.36) ×100
Percentage yield = 83.17%
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What is the generic name of this molecule? (Ph stands for phenyl)
The proper name of the compound is now 1,1 - dihydroxy-3-phenyl propene.
What is the name of the compound?Firstly we know that the parent chain is based on propane. Now we have three substituents on that parent chain. Two hydroxy moieties and one phenyl moiety.
The proper name of the compound is now 1,1 - dihydroxy-3-phenyl propene.
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What color does red cabbage juice make when mixed with a citrus cleaner?
Answer: PINK
Explanation:
What kind of reactions takes place between Calcium and EDTA?
Answer:
Explanation:
:Determination of total calcium and magnesium Ion concentration
Answer:
Ca2+ ions react to form a stronger complex with the EDTA
Explanation:
As a result, when the calcium ion–PR complex is titrated with EDTA the Ca2+ ions react to form a stronger complex with the EDTA. For the titration, the indicator is added to the sample solution containing the calcium ions and forms the pink/red calcium ion-indicator complex (Ca-PR).
Where are these chemical reactions happening?
Answer:
At Anode: oxidation occurs i.e loss of electrons
At cathode: reduction occurs i.e gain of electrons
OPTION 1 is the correct answer
What does a change in the entropy of a system indicate?
A.
That the disorder of the system has changed
B.
That the equilibrium position has changed
C.
That the energy of the system has changed
D.
That the activation energy has changed
A change in the entropy of a system indicate that the disorder of the system has changed. Option A
What is a change in entropy?A change in entropy indicates is a measure of the disorder, or randomness, in a system.
An increased value of entropy means more disorder, and a decreased value of entropy means less disorder.
These changes in entropy occur spontaneously
Thus, a change in the entropy of a system indicate that the disorder of the system has changed. Option A
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A methane molecule, CH4, in the stratosphere or (2) a CH3 molecule and a hydrogen atom formed from breaking one of the carbon‐hydrogen bonds in a CH4 molecule.
The methane molecule in the stratosphere has a higher potential energy than the CH₃ molecule and the hydrogen atom formed from breaking one of the carbon‐hydrogen bonds in a CH₄ molecule.
The complete question is:
For each of the following situations, you are asked which of two objects or substances has the higher energy. Explain your answer with reference to the capacity of each to do work and say whether the energy that distinguishes them is kinetic energy or potential energy.
a. (1) A methane molecule, CH4, in the stratosphere or (2) a CH3 molecule and a hydrogen atom formed from breaking one of the carbon-hydrogen bonds in a CH4 molecule.
Which have a higher energy?The methane molecule in the stratosphere is a stable molecule and possesses chemical potential energy.
The CH₃ molecule and the hydrogen atom formed from breaking one of the carbon‐hydrogen bonds in a CH₄ molecule are unstable molecules and possesses kinetic energy. However, some of their energy has been used in breaking the bond.
Thus, the methane molecule in the stratosphere has a higher potential energy than the CH₃ molecule and the hydrogen atom formed from breaking one of the carbon‐hydrogen bonds in a CH₄ molecule.
In conclusion, the energy in the methane molecule is higher.
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In Universe L , recently discovered by an intrepid team of chemists who also happen to have studied interdimensional travel, quantum mechanics works just as it does in our universe, except that there are four d orbitals instead of the usual number we observe here. Use these facts to write the ground-state electron configurations of the third and fourth elements in the first transition series in Universe L .
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The third element in the first transition series is Vanadium
The fourth element in the first transition series is chromium
Given that we have four d orbitals in universe L instead of five as we have on earth;
The electronic configuration of Vanadium in universe L is;
Ar 3d3 4s2
The electronic configuration of chromium in universe L is;
[Ar] 3d4 4s2
It takes 50.0 J to raise the temperature of an 10.6 g piece of unknown metal from 13.0°C to 24.9 °C.
What is the specific heat for the metal?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
Answer:
0.396 J/g°C (to 3 sf)
Explanation:
50.0 = 10.6(24.9-13.0)(c)
c = 0.396 J/g°C (to 3 sf)
an analyst prepared a sucrose solution by weighing 1kg of water and add 1.5kg sucrose. estimate the concentration of the resultant solution in degree brix
The concentration of the solution is 60 degrees Brix.
What is degree Brix?Degrees Brix is the sugar content of an aqueous solution. One degree Brix is 1 gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution and represents the strength of the solution a as percentage by mass.
Mass percent refers to the percentage of solute present in the solution.
The concentration of the substance can be expressed in mass percent.
we have to first calculate mass percent.
So, we can write,
Mass percent = mass of solute / mass of solution x 100.
Mass of solution = mass of solute + solvent.
Here, sucrose is the solute and the water is the solvent.
The mass of the solute is 1.5Kg and the mass of the solvent is 1Kg.
Mass of solution = 1.5 + 1 = 2.5 Kg.
Mass percent = 1.5/2.5x100
Mass percent is 60%.
Here, 1% = 1 degree brix.
So here, 60% = 60 degree brix.
Hence, the concentration of the solution is 60 degree brix.
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Which substance is not a solid at 20˚C and one atmosphere of pressure?
A. Kr
B. U
C. K
D. Ag
I need to know the number of each atom
In the balanced equation 2C₂H6+ 702 -->4CO2 +6H2O, if 10g of C₂H6 react with
42.5g O₂, what is the limiting reactant?
02
CO₂
H₂O
C₂H6
Answer:
02
Explanation:
The basic concept of getting this right is to divide the individual coefficient of the reactant by the giving mass. the one with the least value scores the limiting reactant or reagent
A rock displaces 1.65 L of water. The volume of the rock is:
Answer:
If a rock displaces 1.65L of water, its volume must be 1.65L.
If you want to convert that to cm^3 it's 1000 cm^3 per liter...so 1650 cm^3
Explanation:
State which substance is undergoing oxidation and which substance is undergoing reduction in the following reaction:
2 K (s) + CuCl2 (aq) ---> 2 KCl (aq) + Cu (s)
Answer:
Oxidation - K
Reduction - Cu
Explanation:
2K --> 2K^+
Cu^+2 --> Cu
Determine the freezing point depression of a solution that contains 2 moles of NaCl in 200 g of water. ( Kf = 1.86°C/m and Kb = 0.512°C/m.)
The freezing point depression of a solution that contains 2 moles of NaCl in 200 g of water (Kf = 1.86 °C/m) is 18.6 °C.
What is the freezing point depression?It is a decrease in the freezing point of a solution, in comparison with the pure solvent.
Step 1. Determine the molality of the solution.The solution contains 2 moles of NaCl in 200 g of water.
b = moles NaCl / Kg water = 2 mol/0.200 kg = 10 m
Step 2. Calculate the freezing point depression.Given the cryoscopic constant (Kf) is 1.86 °C/m for water, the freezing point depression (ΔT) is:
ΔT = Kf × b = 1.86 °C/m × 10 m = 18.6 °C
The freezing point depression of a solution that contains 2 moles of NaCl in 200 g of water (Kf = 1.86 °C/m) is 18.6 °C.
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How many grams of Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) should we form in this reaction if we started with 2.08g of Salicyclic Acid?
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 2.713 grams of aspirin are formed when 2.08 grams of salicyclic acid reacts.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
C₄H₆O₃ + C₇H₆O₃ (Salicyclic Acid) →C₉H₈O₄ (aspirin) + C₂H₄O₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
C₄H₆O₃: 1 moleC₇H₆O₃: 1 moleC₉H₈O₄: 1 moleC₂H₄O₂: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
C₄H₆O₃: 102 g/moleC₇H₆O₃: 138 g/moleC₉H₈O₄: 180 g/moleC₂H₄O₂: 60 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
C₄H₆O₃: 1 mole ×102 g/mole= 102 gramsC₇H₆O₃: 1 mole ×138 g/mole= 138 gramsC₉H₈O₄: 1 mole ×180 g/mole= 180 gramsC₂H₄O₂: 1 mole ×60 g/mole= 60 gramsMass of aspirin formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 138 grams of salicyclic acid form 180 grams of aspirin, 2.08 grams of salicyclic acid form how much mass of aspirin?
[tex]mass of aspirin=\frac{2.08 grams of salicyclic acidx 180 grams of aspirin}{138 grams of salicyclic acid}[/tex]
mass of aspirin= 2.713 grams
Then, 2.713 grams of aspirin are formed when 2.08 grams of salicyclic acid reacts.
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The image shown here is a good illustration of which law?
Answer:
A.) Newton's First Law
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure, I'm sorry if I'm wrong, I just looked it up on G o o g l e
Aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) will react with solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce aqueous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and liquid water (H2O). Suppose 5.88g of sulfuric acid is mixed with 6.3 g of sodium hydroxide. Calculate the maximum mass of water that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to 3 significant digits
Answer:
2.16 g H₂O
Explanation:
Since we are not given the limiting reagent, we need to convert both reactants into the product. The actual amount of product will be the smaller mass produced.
To find the answer, we need to (1) convert grams reactant to moles reactant (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles reactant to moles H₂O (via mole-to-mole ratio from balanced equation coefficients), and then (3) convert moles H₂O to grams H₂O (via molar mass). It is important to arrange the ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.
The balanced equation:
1 H₂SO₄(aq) + 2 NaOH(s) -----> 1 Na₂SO₄(aq) + 2 H₂O(l)
Molar Mass (H₂SO₄): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 32.065 g/mol + 4(15.998 g/mol)
Molar Mass (H₂SO₄): 98.073 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaOH): 22.990 g/mol + 15.998 g/mol + 1.008 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaOH): 39.996 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 15.998 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 18.014 g/mol
5.88 g H₂SO₄ 1 mole 2 moles H₂O 18.014 g
---------------------- x ----------------- x ------------------------ x ----------------- =
98.073 g 1 mole H₂SO₄ 1 mole
= 2.16 g H₂O
6.3 g NaOH 1 mole 2 moles H₂O 18.014 g
-------------------- x ----------------- x -------------------------- x ---------------- =
39.996 g 2 moles NaOH 1 mole
= 2.84 g H₂O
Since H₂SO₄ produces the smallest amount of product, it is the limiting reagent. In this case, H₂SO₄ is completely used up before NaOH has the chance to react totally. Therefore, the actual amount of H₂O produced is 2.16 g.
Question 5
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: Percent composition of each element
The molecule is water. Molecular formula of water is H₂O. Molecular weight of water is 18 g. The percentage composition of hydrogen and oxygen in water is 11.11 % and 88.89 %. Intermolecular force in water is dipole-induced dipole and London dispersion.
Which molecule is Vital to human body ?Name of the molecule is Water. Molecular formula of the compound is H₂O.
What is the Molecular mass of water ?Molecular mass of H₂O = 2 × Atomic weight of H + Atomic weight of O
= 2 × 1 + 16
= 2 + 16
= 18
The water molecule is Covalent because hydrogen atoms share electrons with the oxygen atom.
How to find the percentage composition ?Percentage composition = [tex]\frac{\text{Mass of element}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
Now,
Molar mass of Water = 18
Percentage composition of hydrogen = [tex]\frac{2}{18} \times 100[/tex]
= 11.11 %
Percentage composition of Oxygen = [tex]\frac{16}{18} \times 100[/tex]
= 88.89 %
In water molecule dipole-induced dipole and London dispersion forces are present because water has H-bonds.
The given molecule is water. Water is important for human body to keep a normal temperature. It carries nutrients. It protects our body organs and tissues. The function of water is to serves a s a lubricant. It helps to prevent constipation. It makes up Saliva.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The molecule is water. Molecular formula of water is H₂O. Molecular weight of water is 18 g. The percentage composition of hydrogen and oxygen in water is 11.11 % and 88.89 %. Intermolecular force in water is dipole-induced dipole and London dispersion.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Questions: Choose one molecule that is vital to the human body. Provide the following information: Name of the molecule
Now, provide the following information: Molecular formula
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: Molecular mass
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: The type of molecule (covalent or ionic)
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: Percent composition of each element
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: Intermolecular forces within the molecular
Now, provide the following information about your chosen molecule: Describe why the molecule is important and its function within the human body.
Select the correct answer.
A 20.0-liter flask contains a mixture of argon at 0.72 atmosphere and oxygen at 1.65 atmospheres. What is the total pressure in the flask?
A. 0.93 atm
B. 2.37 atm
C. 8.44 atm
D. 18.6 atm
Answer:
2.37 atm
Explanation:
0.72+1.65 = 2.37 atm
QUESTION 17
A mixture of hydrogen, helium and chlorine gases are in a container. The hydrogen has a partial pressure of 0.74 atm, the helium has a partial
pressure of 1.96 atm, and the chlorine has a partial pressure of 409 mmHg. What is the total pressure of the mixture, in atm?
Answer:
3.25 atm
Explanation:
convert 409 mm to atm, then add them all :
409mm / 760mm/atm + .74 + 1.96 = 3.24 atm
The total pressure of the mixture, in atm, is 3.25 atm
A container contains a mixture of hydrogen, helium, and chlorine gases. The partial pressures of the three gases are as follows: 0.74 atm for hydrogen, 1.96 atm for helium, and 409 mmHg for chlorine. 3.25 atm is the mixture's total pressure.
then multiply 409 mm by 1.0 atm, and then combine them all for total pressure :
409mm / 760mm/atm + .74 + 1.96 = 3.24 atm
When more than one gas is present in a container, each gas exerts pressure, which is how atmospheric pressure is defined. Its partial pressure refers to the pressure of any gas inside the container.
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Which part of thr drug discovery life cycle can quantum computung impact the most
Molecular simulation is the part of the drug discovery life cycle that most likely uses quantum computing.
What is drug discovery?Drug discovery refers to the process to identify and validate medications in pharmaceutical research.
Drug discovery exploits computational approaches based on quantum modeling to accelerate this process.
In conclusion, molecular simulation is the part of drug discovery associated with quantum computing.
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What color does red cabbage juice make when mixed with a citrus cleaner?
What color does red cabbage juice make when mixed with a dishwasher soap?
(WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!!)
Answer:
Explanation:
green
Several properties of water are shown. Classify each property as a physical property or a chemical property.
-can be split into hydrogen and oxygen
-is liquid at room temperature
-has a density of 1.0 g/cm³
-reacts with certain metals
ASAP
Chemical property:
Can be split into hydrogen and oxygenReacts with certain metalsPhysical property:
Is liquid at room temperatureHas a density of 1.0 g/cm³Put the following energy sublevels in order from least to greatest energy.
A. 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 2p, 3p, 4p, 3d, 4d, 4f
B. 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f
C. 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p, 4d, 4f
D. None of these
The correct order is 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f. The correct option is B.
Order of energy sublevelsThe correct order of energy sublevel is 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p.
Thus, with the exclusion of 5s, 5p, 6s, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, and 7p, what we have left in order of increasing energy is 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f.
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The correct order from least to greatest energy for the energy sublevels is; 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f (Option B).
What is the Aufbau principle?The Aufbau principle offers a method in which the energy levels in an atoms are arranged from the least to the greatest. We know that electrons are filled into orbitals in order of increasing energy.
Thus, the correct order from least to greatest energy for the energy sublevels is; 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 4d, 4f (Option B).
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