Answer:
C. Temperature of the water.
Explanation:
An independent variable is defined as the variable which is not affected by any other variable in the experiment while also being the variable that is changed and controlled by only the student.
All other stated variables are constant variables, which remain completely unchanged throughout the experiment, in this case the time stirred and the amount of salt, and amount of water.
A 17-N falling object encounters 9 N of air resistance. The magnitude of the net force on the object is
The magnitude of the net force on the object is 8 N. This is because the force of gravity, which is 17 N, is being opposed by the force of air resistance, which is 9 N. Therefore, the net force is 17 N - 9 N = 8 N.
Force is a push or pull on an object that is caused by an interaction between two objects. It has both magnitude, which is the strength of the interaction, and direction, which is the direction in which the force is being applied.
Net force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object. It is calculated by adding up all the forces that are acting on the object, taking into account their directions. This can be used to calculate the acceleration of an object, as the greater the net force, the greater the acceleration.
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Is it
-Claim
-CounterClaim
-Rebuttal
When a satellite is a distance d from the center of Earth, the magnitude of the gravitational force that the satellite exerts on Earth is F. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force that the satellite exerts on Earth when the satellite's distance from the center of Earth is 3d?
plsss help
According to Newton's law of gravitation, the new gravitational force will be F/9
Newton's Law of GravitationIt states that, the force of attraction between two masses is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
When a satellite is a distance d from the center of Earth, the magnitude of the gravitational force that the satellite exerts on Earth is F. That is,
F = GMm/d²
Where
M = mass of the earthm = mass of the satelliteG = universal gravitational constantThe magnitude of the gravitational force that the satellite exerts on Earth when the satellite's distance from the center of Earth is 3d can be expresses as follow
f = GMm/(3d)²
f = GMm/9d²
f = GMm/d² × 1/9
Since GMm/d² = F
f = F × 1/9
f = F/9
Therefore, the magnitude of the gravitational force that the satellite exerts on Earth when the satellite's distance from the center of Earth is 3d is F/9 Newton
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If you throw a ball up in the air at a speed of 14.9 m/s, how fast (in m/s) will it be moving when you catch it
When you catch a ball you threw in the skies at the a speed exceeding 14.9 m/s, it will also travel at the same speed when you catch it.
How fast is it?Time is a scalar that indicates the direction and speed of an object's motion. Usually, it is expressed in terms of measures of speed per amount of time, including m / sec (m/s) or miles each hour (mph) (mph). Speed is the size of velocity, a vector number that indicates both the direction and the speed of motion. Pace is a positive number with a unit of distance traveled per second.
When something is launched into air, it is exposed to the downward-moving force of gravity. The item accelerates downward at a velocity of 9.8 m/s2 as a result of this force
The object will slow down so that it rises and accelerate up as it lowers due to this acceleration. However, if there is very little time between the ball's release and the catch, the ball won't have a chance to slow down much. As a result, the pace at which i catch the ball will be quite similar to the pace at which originally threw it.
The ball will therefore continue to move at the same pace that it did when thrown.
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2 points
A car traveling at 25 m/s forward completes a sharp turn to the left. Fully
explain what an unbuckled passenger in the car experiences as the car
moves through the turn, assuming the passenger completes the turn in
the car. You must also properly explain inertia's role in this scenario *
An unbuckled passenger in the car experiences movement towards right side due to inertia as the car moves towards left.
According to Newton's first law of motion, every body continues to be in a state of rest or of uniform motion unless an external force acts upon it. This is called inertia. It is the tendency of an object to resist change.
As a result, when the car makes a sudden left turn, the passengers appear to move to the right side of the vehicle because they are still travelling in the same straight line that the car was travelling in before the turn.
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How can you tell which elements will form ions?
Answer: The position of an element on the periodic table, see resources, tells you the type of ions it will form, with the elements on the right forming anions (negative charge) and those further to the left forming cations (positive charge).
Hope this helps any
1) Renatta Gass is out with her friends misfortune occurs and renatta and her Friends find themselves getting a workout. They apply a cumulative force Of 1580N to push the car 288m to the nearest fuel station. Determine the work done on the car.
Work is characterized as a force that causes an object to move or be displaced. The work done would be 455040.
What is Work?Work is the scalar product of the force acting on an object and the displacement that force causes when the force is constant.
Despite the fact that work lacks a direction due to the scalar product (or dot product) aspect of vector mathematics, force and displacement are both vector quantities.
"W" stands for work, "F" is the force, and "d" represents displacement (or the distance the object travels).
Therefore, Work is characterized as a force that causes an object to move or be displaced. The work done would be 455040.
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A 50 kg person and a 70 kg person are sitting on a bench close to each other about .5 m apart.
Estimate the magnitude of the gravitational force each exerts on the other.
Answer:
1.0 x 10-6 N.
Explanation:
The gravitational force
Fg = G m1 m2 / r2 = (6.673 x 10-11) (50 kg) (75 kg) / (0.50 m)2 = 1.0 x 10-6 N.
At an outdoor physies demonstration, a delay of 0.50 second was observed between the time sound waves left a loudspeaker and the time these sound waves reached a student through the air. If the air is at STP, how far was the student from the speaker? (1) 1.5 × 10-m (91.7 × 102 m (3) 6.6 × 10? m (4) 1.5 × 108 m
The distance that is covered by the sound is 1.66 * 10^2 m.
What is the distance?We know that sound is a mechanical wave. The implication of this is that sound woulod need to have a medium through which the sound can be able to travel. The speed of sound in the various media through which the sound travels is not the same.
We know that the speed of sound in air is 331 m/s and we have to use this in our calculations.
Distance = speed * time
Distance = 331 m/s * 0.5 s
= 1.66 * 10^2 m
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A student is connecting three resistors of various resistances together in a circuit. In one configuration, the resistors are connected in a series. In another configuration, the resistors are connected in parallel. Explain which configuration results in a higher total resistance.
Most circuits contain more than one resistor, which restricts the passage of charge inside the circuit. Resistance is a unit of measurement for this charge flow restriction.
What is Resistance?When a current, or flow of charge, must pass through a sequence of devices, resistors are used. For instance, if a person holding a screwdriver allows current to flow through them and into the Earth, then
Resistors are connected in series to a voltage source. Given that the current must flow sequentially through each resistor, it makes sense that the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.
This fact would be helpful to someone trying to prevent an electrical shock since they could wear high-resistance rubber-soled shoes to lower the current.
Therefore, Most circuits contain more than one resistor, which restricts the passage of charge inside the circuit. Resistance is a unit of measurement for this charge flow restriction.
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What linear speed must an Earth satellite have to be in a circular orbit at an altitude of 204 km above Earth's surface
According to the question linear speed must an Earth satellite have to be in a circular orbit at an altitude of 204 km above Earth's surface is 30.682× [tex]10^{10}[/tex].
What does orbit mean?Astronomically speaking, an orbit is the curved path—typically elliptical—that a planet, satellite, comet, etc. takes when it revolves around another celestial body as a result of gravitation.
By Newton's second law
GMm/[tex]r^{2}[/tex] m[tex]v^{2}[/tex] /r.
Since the radius of Earth is 6.37 × [tex]10^{6}[/tex] m,
the orbit radius is r=(6.37×[tex]10^{6}[/tex] m+204×[tex]10^{3}[/tex] m)=1.3×[tex]10^{3}[/tex] m.
The solution for v is
v= [tex]\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r} }[/tex] = (6.67×[tex]10^{-11}[/tex]× 5.98×[tex]10^{24}[/tex]/1.3×[tex]10^{3}[/tex])^1/2
⇒ v= 30.682× [tex]10^{10}[/tex]
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Ammeters that respond to the average value convert the alternating current into direct current. This value must be increased by a factor of _____ to change the average reading into the rms value for a sine wave current.
The average reading must be multiplied by a multiplier of 1.111 to become the rms value for just a sine wave flow.
Describe the wave current?Wave-current interaction in fluid dynamics is the interaction of a mean flow with surface gravity waves.After the interaction begins, both the waves as well as the average flow are impacted since the contact implies an energy exchange.
What are the tide and the wave?While the tide is a type of vertical motion of the ocean's water, waves and ocean circulation represent horizontal movements of the water.
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The centers of two 15.0 kilogram spheres are separated by 3000 millimeters. The magnitude of the gravitational force between the spheres is approximately:
The gravitational force here between spheres has an estimated magnitude of 1.67 10-9 N.
What is the gravity force?Any two bodies' gravitational attraction is exactly equal to the sum of their masses and divided by the square of their distance from one another.
Gravity, often known as the gravity force will bring any two bodies together. Although everything in the cosmos is attracted to one another, this attraction is usually too weak to just be felt since the things are so far apart. Gravity's attraction lessens as things are moved farther apart, but its influence sphere is boundless.
F=GMm/r^2
G=6.67 x 10^-11N kg^2/m^2
M=(15kg)
m=15 kg
r=(3.0m)^2
putting values we have
(6.67 x 10^-11N kg^2/m^2)(15kg)(15kg)/(3.0m)^2
1.67 x 10^-9N
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In a football game, a 140 kg linebacker runs at a speed of 4 m/s while a 70kg safety runs at 8m/s. It is correct to say
Yes, the given statement is correct in a football game, a 140 kg linebacker runs at a speed of 4 m/s while a 70kg safety runs at 8m/s.
What connection exists between mass and velocity?Momentum is directly proportional to mass and velocity. The momentum of the object increases proportionally as either mass or velocity are increased. The momentum is doubled for every unit increase in mass or speed.
In first case
Momentum = mass × velocity
Momentum = 140 × 4
Momentum = 560 kg.ms⁻¹
In second case
Momentum = mass × velocity
Momentum = 70 × 8
Momentum = 560 kg.ms⁻¹
In both cases momentum is same so the given statement is correct.
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The number of pices of sausage needed by a pizza restaurant is given by the equation S= 21 n. In this equation, n is the number of pizzas the resturant will make. How many pieces of sausage are needed to make 55 pizzas? A. 34 B. 1155 C. 76 D. 855
The piece of sausage need to make 55 pizza is 21 × 55 = 1155.
How long does it take to make a pizza on average?The typical baking time for a pizza is 8 to 15 minutes, and larger, thicker pizzas bake more slowly than thin-crust, petite pizzas with few toppings. Just a friendly reminder: never lose sight of the pizza.
The two pizza rule is what?The "2 pizza rule" is a formula for determining how many people to invite to a gathering. Every meeting had to be small enough for two large pizzas to feed everyone, according to the rule.
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17. A uniform rod of length 120cm and mass 0.7kg, is suspended horizontally by two vertical strings at points 12cm from each end. If masses of 4.0 and 2.0kg are hung on it at points 20cm respectively from one end and 25cm. from the other, what would the tension in the strings be?
pls answer quickly
Answer:
To solve this problem, you can use the principle of transverse static equilibrium. This states that the sum of the forces acting on an object must be equal to zero for the object to be in equilibrium. In this case, the forces acting on the rod are the tension in the strings, the weight of the rod, and the weight of the masses hung on the rod.
First, you can find the weight of the rod by multiplying its mass by the acceleration due to gravity:
Wrod = mrod * g
= 0.7 kg * 9.8 m/s^2
= 6.86 N
Next, you can find the weight of the 4.0-kg mass by multiplying its mass by the acceleration due to gravity:
W1 = m1 * g
= 4.0 kg * 9.8 m/s^2
= 39.2 N
You can find the weight of the 2.0-kg mass in the same way:
W2 = m2 * g
= 2.0 kg * 9.8 m/s^2
= 19.6 N
To find the tension in the strings, you can use the principle of transverse static equilibrium. The forces acting on the rod are the tension in the strings, the weight of the rod, and the weight of the masses hung on the rod. You can represent these forces as vectors acting at the points where the strings are attached to the rod. The vectors representing the tension in the strings will be equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. The vectors representing the weight of the rod and the masses will act vertically downward.
[asy]
unitsize(2cm);
pair P1, P2, P3, P4;
P1 = (0,0);
P2 = (1,0);
P3 = (0.8,0);
P4 = (0.2,0);
draw((-1,0)--(2,0));
draw((0,-1)--(0,1));
draw(P1--P3,red,Arrow(6));
draw(P2--P4,red,Arrow(6));
draw(P3--P4,red,Arrow(6));
draw((P1)--(P1+(0,-0.7)));
draw((P2)--(P2+(0,-4)));
draw((P2)--(P2+(0,-2)));
label("$T_1$", (P1 + P3)/2, red);
label("$T_2$", (P2 + P4)/2, red);
label("$W_{rod}$", (P3 + P4)/2, red);
label("$W_1$", (P2 + P4 + (0,-4))/2, red);
label("$W_2$", (P2 + P4 + (0,-2))/2, red);
label("$12$ cm", (0,0.2), red);
label("$20$ cm", (0.4,-0.4), red);
label("$25$ cm", (0.75,-0.4), red);
[/asy]
The sum of the forces in the x-direction must be equal to zero, so you can set up the following equation:
T1 - T2 = 0
The sum of the forces in the y-direction must also be equal to zero, so you can
can u pls solve this question thank u!! i having my physics paper tomorrow!!
Answer:
13.875Ω & 5Ω
Explanation:
in the first diagram:-
R = Rs + Rp + Rs'
Rp => [tex]\frac{1}{7} + \frac{1}{1} = \frac{1+7}{7} = \frac{8}{7} \\[/tex]
Rp = [tex]\frac{7}{8}[/tex] = 0.875
4 + 0.875 + 9 = 13.875Ω
in the second diagram:-
R= Rp + Rs + Rp'
Rp => 1/6 + 1/3 = 1+2/6 = 3/6 => 2
Rp' => 1/3+1/3+1/3 = 3/3 => 1
R = 2 + 2 + 1 = 5 Ω
Two objects with negative charges of 6.2 nC each are separated by 0.3 m. What is the size and direction of the force between the two charges?
The force between the charges are [tex]3844*10^{3} N[/tex]
Before we try to calculate Coulomb's law for forces between multiple charges, we need to understand Coulomb's force between two charged particles. Coulomb’s law or Coulomb’s inverse square law was discovered in 1785 by French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. The experimentally proven law quantifies the force exerted by a static charged particle on another static charged particle.Assume two static charged particles with a charge of ‘q1’ and ‘q2’ respectively. The force exerted by one particle on the other, if they are separated by a distance of ‘r’ between their centers is given by:[tex]F = kQq/r^{2}[/tex]
Given, Q = q = 6.2 mC = [tex]6.2 * 10^{-3}[/tex]
r = distance = 0.3m
k = constant = [tex]9*10^{9}[/tex]
Putting these values in above equation we get F = [tex]3844*10^{3} N[/tex]
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The Earth has a mass of 6 x 10^24 kg and orbits the Sun in 3.15 x 10^7 seconds at a constant radius of 1.5 x 10^11m. Find the following.
(a) What is the Earth's centripetal acceleration around the Sun?
(b) What is the gravitational force acting between the Sun and Earth?
(c) What is the mass of the Sun?
The Sun's mass is 1.778 x 10 m/s2. v=2rT, where T is the amount of time it takes for the Earth to turn around the Sun.
What is our sun's mass?Mass and volume: 1.989 x 1030 kilograms The sun has a mass of 1.989 x 1030 kilograms, which is about 333,000 times the mass of the Earth. Leading astronomers Jack J. and Imke de Pater found that the sun contains 99.8 percent of the mass of the entire solar system.
Earth's mass, Me, is 6 x 10 kg.
Earth's R Radius and Time of Rotation are 1.5x10m. 3.15 x 107 Sec.
Ac = earth's centripetal acceleration We know that W = 345X107 1.99 X 10 Rad/s Gravitational Force F 6x1024 x 1.99x107x mass of the Sun Me 2
F equals 35 + 82 x 10° N Ani.
F = 6 R2 28 2522 x 10" 6.67 x 10" x 6 x 1024 x Ms (1.5 X 10") 2 Ms 35.82 x 1028 x 1.5X1-5 x 1822 6.67 X 10" x 6 x 10' 24 Ms 50 80.59 x 10° 40.02 X 10/3 37 Ms = 2.01 x 10 kg is known to exist.
The fact that centripetal acceleration F-ma f 22 equates both equations is known by mass of now. ma Scanner a equals 52.
ат 24 6.67 x 10" x 6X 10° 1-5 x 10" 17:78 x 16-9 = 1.778 x 10 m/s2 Ans
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A 2.0-kg block of wood is on a level surface where and A 13.7-N force is being applied to the block parallel to the surface. (a) If the block was originally at rest, then (A) it will remain at rest, and the force of friction will be about 15.7 N. (B) it will remain at rest, and the force of friction will be about 13.7 N. (C) it will remain at rest, and the force of friction will be 11.8 N. (D) it will begin to slide with a net force of about 1.9 N acting on the block.
When 13.7-N force is being applied to the block parallel to the surface it will remain at rest, and the force of friction will be about 13.7 N. Hence option B is correct.
How do you determine the frictional force?The resistive force of friction (Fr), which pushes the items together, is divided by the normal or perpendicular force (N), which pushes them apart, to produce the coefficient of friction (fr), which is a numerical value. The following formula represents it: fr = Fr/N.
What does physics mean by a frictional force?Force which prevents one solid object from rolling or slipping over another. Although frictional forces can be advantageous, such as the traction required to walk without slipping, they also provide a significant amount of resistance to motion.
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4. A 55.0 g object connected to a spring with a force constant of 35.0 N/m oscillates on a horizontal, frictionless surface with an amplitude of 8.00 cm. a) Find the total energy of the system. 112 mJ b) Find the speed of the object when the position is 1.20 cm.
According to the given data the total energy (E) of the system is 11.2 m J.
What is an illustration of oscillation?A periodic movement between two sites is what is referred to as oscillation in this type of behavior. Examples of oscillating motion include plucking a guitar string, pendulum swinging, and pogo stick bouncing. The major distinction between oscillation, vibration, and simple harmonic motion is that oscillation is a general term for any repeating fluctuation about a central value, whereas vibration is a term used especially to describe mechanical oscillations.
Energy is given by-
E= 1/2KA²
E = 1/2 ×N/m× (8×10∧-2 m)²
E = 11.2 m J
Speed of the object-
v = ω[tex]\sqrt{A2-x2}[/tex]
v = [tex]\sqrt{K/m}[/tex] [tex]\sqrt{A2 - x2}[/tex]
v = [tex]\sqrt{35/55*10-3}[/tex] ×( (8×10-2)∧-2 - (1.20 × 10-2)∧2 )[tex]^{-1/2}[/tex]
v = 25.22 × 0.079
v = 2 m/s.
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A force of 255 N is applied to an object that accelerates at a rate of 7 m/s2. What is the mass of the object?
The mass of the object is 36.43 kg.
We can use the equation for force (F) to determine the mass (m) of the object:
F = m × a
Where F is the force applied to the object, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration of the object.
So, in this case, we know that:
F = 255 N
a = 7 m/s²
We can use this information to solve for the mass of the object:
m = F ÷ a
m = 255 N ÷ 7 m/s²
m = 36.43 kg
Therefore, the mass of the object is 36.43 kg.
It's important to notice that this equation only holds if the force applied is the net force, so if there are other forces such as friction or air resistance they should be considered in the calculation.
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Which statement best describes how science is an engineers work together in the research and development cycle
Answer: Which statement best describes how scientists and engineers work together in the research and development cycle? Scientists develop new technology, and then engineers use it to solve design problems.
Explanation: boom!
A wheel rotates at 2 rad/s. What is its period and frequency?
(1) The frequency of the oscillation is 0.32 Hz.
(2) The period of the oscillation is 3.13 seconds.
What is the period of the wheel's oscillation?
The period of the wheel's oscillation is the time taken for the wheel to make one complete oscillation.
The period of an oscillatory motion is the reciprocal of the frequency of the oscillation.
The frequency of the oscillation is the number of cycles completed by the oscillatory object in a given second.
The frequency of the wheel undergoing oscillatory motion is calculated by using the following formula.
f = ω / 2π
where;
ω is the angular speed of the wheelf is the frequencyf = ( 2 rad/s ) / 2π
f = 0.32 Hz
The period of the oscillation is calculated as follows;
T = 1 / f
T = 1 / 0.32 s
T = 3.13 seconds
Thus, the period of oscillation and frequency of the oscillation are inversely proportional.
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Patrick and Emily are walking to the grocery store to buy some treats. They walk 3.0
km in 900.0 s. What was their average speed in m/s?
Answer:
3.33 m/s
Explanation:
(3.0 km)(1000 m/km) = 3000 m
Avg. Speed = distance/time = 3000 m/900 s = 3.33 m/s
If an airplane were traveling westward with a thrust force of 450 N and there was a headwind (drag) of 200 N, what would the resulting net force be on the airplane
The net resultant force on the airplane, based on the data provided in the question, is 250 N.
How can the net force that results be calculated?Calculate the resultant force by deducting the larger force's size from of the smaller force's magnitude. The direction of the smaller force and the resulting force are identical. The resulting force is useful because it allows us to think about the several forces as as if they were one. To measure the effects of different forces on a thing, in other words.
Given data -
Thrust force = 450 N
headwind (drag) = 200 N
Net force = 450 - 200
Net force = 250 N.
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Why is countercurrent flow more efficient?
The counter-current method is the most efficient because it maintains the same concentration gradient over the whole length of the circuit.
The heat transfer performance of counter flow, on the other hand, may be up to 15% more effective, depending on the flow rate and temperature, allowing for the use of a smaller heat exchanger and saving both money and space.
One of the key advantages of counter-current flow is its capacity to extract more heat from the heating fluid. It is crucial to note that the LMTD value for counter-current flow is much larger than for concurrent flow at the same terminal temperature.
A phenomenon known as countercurrent exchange, which occurs in nature and is imitated in industry and engineering, involves the crossover of a certain attribute, typically heat or a chemical, between two flowing bodies moving in opposite directions.
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3. A student tosses a 0. 500 kilogram rock into
a pond at a rate of 1. 00 meter per second. If
the student's mass is 45. 0 kilograms, what
is the momentum of the rock by the
student?
The momentum of the rock by the student is 0.500kgm/s.
Momentum -
momentum is the result of a particle's mass and velocity. Being a vector quantity, momentum possesses both magnitude and direction. According to Isaac Newton's second equation of motion, the force applied on a particle is equal to the time rate of change of momentum. Check out Newton's laws of motion.
Momentum can be viewed as a body's "power" while it is moving, or the amount of force it can exert on another body. For instance, a baseball (small mass) thrown quickly can have the same momentum as a bowling ball (big mass) going extremely slowly (low velocity) (high velocity).
Momentum = Mass × Velocity
Momentum of rock = 0.500 × 1
= 0.500kgm/s
Momentum of Boy = 45 × 0 [As boy is at rest so, he has 0 momentum]
Momentum of boy = 0
Total Momentum = Momentum of rock + Momentum of boy
= 0.500 + 0
= 0.500 kgm/s
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8) An object is attached to a hanging unstretched ideal and massless spring and slowly lowered to its equilibrium position, a distance of 6.4 cm below the starting point. The mass is then pulled so the spring is stretched to a length of 9.6 cm. How fast will the mass be moving when it reaches the equilibrium position?
Work is accomplished by stretching or compressing a spring. Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring. It is recommended to expand the spring up to 12.8 cm.
What happens to the elastic potential energy that is stored in a spring when work is done to extend it?Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring as a result of the work required to stretch or compress it. A spring's elastic potential energy is equal to one-half the sum of its spring constant times its deformation squared.
When a spring is stretched or compressed from its initial resting position, where is the elastic potential energy stored?We'll talk about elastic potential energy as the second type of potential energy. The energy that is trapped in elastic materials as a result of their stretching or compression is known as elastic potential energy.
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The human ear canal is about 2. 8 cm long and can be regarded as a tube open at one end and closed at the eardrum. What is the frequency around which we would expect hearing to be best when the speed of sound in air is 344. 5 m/s? (hint: find the fundamental frequency for the ear canal. )
The human ear canal is closed at one end. Thus, the fundamental frequency of the given ear canal is 3044.64Hz 3044.64 Hz .
Calculation and Explanation:Under air conduction (AC) excitation, the mean resonance frequency of the human middle ear is estimated to be between 0.8 and 1.2 kHz. The typical resonance frequency under bone conduction (BC) excitation, according to research, is higher, at 1.5–2 kHz.
It is a tube with an open end (the concha section) and a closed end (the tympanic membrane), which responds to a quarter-wave by behaving as a resonator. The resonance frequency is described by the equation F=v/4L, where "v" stands for the speed of sound and "L" for the length of the EAC.
The EAR formula should be used: EAR = (1+ i/n)n - 1. I = Stated interest rate, etc.
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