The hypothesis that best fits the observation that one of the mutants has reduced levels of ATP and NADH and increased levels of FAD and pyruvate is that the mutation is disrupting the citric acid cycle (Option 3).
What is the citric acid cycle?The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is the second step of cellular respiration which is required to generate ATP through the oxidation of pyruvate.
The reduced form of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) produced during the citric acid cycle is then used in oxidative phosphorylation (the third step of cellular respiration) in order to generate more ATP.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the citric acid cycle generates the reduced form of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and thus increases the production of ATP, thereby a mutation in an enzyme that works in this pathway may also hamper the proportion of ATP.
Complete question:
A scientist performs a series of mutation screens to look for mutations that reduce ATP production. One of the mutants, compared to a wild-type cell, has reduced levels of ATP and NADH and increased levels of FAD and pyruvate. Which hypothesis best fits these observations?
The mutation is disrupting glycolysis.
The mutation is disrupting fermentation.
The mutation is disrupting the citric acid cycle.
The mutation is disrupting the electron transport chain.
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Answer:
For the people to lazy to read that. The answer is c.
Explanation:
4. Arrange Write the following steps in the order in which they occur during glycolysis
A six-carbon molecule is broken down into two three-carbon molecules.
Two NADP molecules are converted into two NADH molecules.
Two phosphate groups from two ATP molecules are joined to glucose.
Two three-carbon molecules are converted into two Folecules of pyruvate as four
molecules of ATP are produced.
The correct order of glycolysis reactions is:
Two phosphate groups from two ATP molecules are joined to glucose.Two NADP molecules are converted into two NADH molecules.A six-carbon molecule is broken down into two three-carbon molecules.Two three-carbon molecules are converted into two molecules of pyruvate as four molecules of ATP are produced.During glycolysis, the glucose molecule is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate as a result of phosphorylation. The phosphate group from ATP is joined to the glucose molecule by an enzyme known as hexokinase.
The glucose-6-phosphate then undergoes isomerization to become fructose-6-phosphate which is then phosphorylated again by the hexokinase enzyme to become fructose-1,6-biphosphate.
An aldolase enzyme converts fructose-1,6-biphosphate to one molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and one molecule of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. The latter is then converted to another molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
A dehydrogenase enzyme converts glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate with NADH being generated from the reduction of NAD+.
A kinase enzyme then converts 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate with ATP being generated from ADP. A mutase enzyme quickly converts the 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate while an enolase enzyme converts the latter to phosphoenolpyruvate.
Finally, a pyruvate kinase enzyme converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate with another ATP being generated.
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how do apocrine glands differ from other skin glands
What are villi?
don't spam
Answer:
Villi are finger-like outgrowths on the inner walls of the small intestine. The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food.
Answer:
Villi are tiny finger-like projections seen in the small intestine. They are more than millions of villi in the small intestine performing the following functions: The villi absorb nutrients from the food and cause their conversion into glucose.
The nucleus signals to the cell that the cell needs to divide. What life function is this an example of?.
Answer:
Reproduction
Explanation:
They are replicating...
Its something like that I wasn't given choices so I tried my best with the given information.
are environmental factors more likely to affect genotype or phenotype?
Environmental factors are more likely to affect phenotype than genotype.
Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism, a product of the genetic information contained in the genotype, in accordance with the conditions of the determined environment in which the organism lives.
The phenotype supposes the manifestation of the genotype based on the environmental factors, the traits expressed by the phenotype are behavioral and physical.Regardless of the genotypic information manifested, environmental factors will also shape the phenotype of an organism, since it can suffer accidents, changes or adaptations that a genetically similar individual but in another environment would not suffer.Therefore, we can conclude that the phenotype is the variable expression of a genotype in accordance with the environmental factors.
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many protists can move. what are some structures mentioned that can help protists move.
Answer:
cilli and flagella
Explanation:
I think there is one more but not sure hope this helped
(also if spelling is weird sorry I tried)
how do you determine if an object will float or sink when placed in water?
Answer:
if the weight force down on the object is more than the upward push of the water then the object will sink, and reversed for rising
Explanation:
i found the answer online lol, hope this helps! :)
Out in the distance you see
Give an example of an attitude which you have observed between people in different levels of society.
Explanation:
I have been seen a person who always want eat a food that I have never heard it before when I am born. he cherish it Soo much
When fat digestion occurs in the small intestine, an emulsion is broken down to smaller ___________ with the action of pancreatic lipase and colipase. kine
Describe how ions, water and sugar are obtained and transported
through plants. In your answer you should refer to materials moving upwards in a plant and to
materials moving downwards in a plant
Answer:
Explanation:
Water moves through the xylem in a stream called a transpiration stream, up to the leaves of the plant. Sugar is made during the process of photosynthesis. Unlike water and ions, it travels through the plant via the phloem, moving up and down through the plant.
Match each lobe of the brain with the correct label.
Answer: is correct
1. Frontal Lobe
2. Parietal Lobe
3. Occipital Lobe
4. Temporal Lobe
Which of the following are examples of facilitated diffusion? Select all that apply.
A. Water diffusing across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
B. A carrier protein 'that changes shape to allow the transport of molecules across the plasma membrane.
C. A gated channel that allows glucose, a very large molecule, to cross the cell membrane.
D. An ion channel that allows ions to diffuse across the cell membrane.
Answer:
(C) A gated channel that allows glucose, a very large molecule, to cross the cell membrane, and (D) An ion channel that allows ions to diffuse across the cell membrane, are both examples of facilitated diffusion.
I hope this helped at all.
Please help!!!
What is the degree of the polynomial 3x^5-6x^2+5x?
A ) 8
B ) 7
C ) 2
D ) 5
Answer:
D.5
Explanation:
i took the test trust meThe degree of the polynomial 3x^5 - 6x^2 + 5x is 5, so the answer is option D.
A polynomial is a type of algebraic expression that consists of variables, coefficients, and exponents.
There can be one or more terms in a polynomial, and the degree of the polynomial is determined by the highest power of the variable present in it.
For example, the polynomial 3x^2 + 4x + 5 has a degree of 2 since the highest power of the variable (x) is 2. In the given polynomial 3x^5 - 6x^2 + 5x, the highest power of the variable is 5, which means that the degree of the polynomial is 5.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
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how do hormones from the hypothalamus get to the anterior pituitary gland?
Answer:
Hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones are carried directly to the anterior pituitary gland via hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal veins. Specific hypothalamic hormones bind to receptors on specific anterior pituitary cells, modulating the release of the hormone they produce.
What is a food chain.
suggest why the injections also contain the hormone testosterone
Answer:
do you have any context to the question?
What type of cells does a mutation affect that will have no effect on a possible offspring?
Please answer this correct don’t answer just for points please I’ll give braynlist
The mutation you are talking about is called: somatic mutations
These mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and they will not be passed off onto offspring.
I hope this helps!
Some fossil snakes have remnants of hip bones and legs even though these animals had no legs. These remnant structures are best described as:
Some fossil snakes have remnants of hip bones and legs even though these animals had no legs. These remnant structures are best described as: vestigial structures.
Vestigial structures are organic structures that do not appear to fulfill any important biological function in the organism that possesses them.
These structures are preserved as an inheritance of the evolutionary process, because at some point in the history of evolution an ancestor of the current species had that structure.These types of structures, which can be bones, organs, structures in the skin or any other part of the body, no longer offer any meaningful function for the body.The presence of vestigial structures in animals is considered proof that evolution and natural selection exists.
Therefore, we can conclude that some fossil snakes have remnants of hip bones and legs even though these animals had no legs. These remnant structures are best described as vestigial structures.
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how the collapse of the forest ecosystem on easter island affected the human population that lived there?
Answer:
Essentially, the population that lived on Easter Island was trapped and eventually died off.
Explanation:
The people on Easter Island started creating the famous statues that I'm sure everyone knows about today, to help protect them from possible invaders. Once the people started settling in, they were provided with a number of natural resources and supplies, which unfortunately they had taken these resources for granted. Since they had been using all of the island's resources and using the many trees there for their civilization, they had no means of leaving the island once the last trees were gone. They were pretty much trapped on a dead island due to them causing the island to go through deforestation.
What is the role of chromosomes in the cell nucleus?
Explain in 5 - 10 sentences
Answer:
Chromosomes are tightly packed DNA and proteins. The DNA and proteins take on a tightly coiled structure within the chromosome. The chromosomes are then kept inside the nucleus. Their role is to carry basic genetic material. This provides the cell with genetic information that's used to carry out different cellular functions. These functions include survival, growth, and the ability to reproduce.
How was Dr. Martin Luther King , Jr. , an important force in creating a more just world ?
Evidence and reasoning plz
Martin Luther King, Jr. worked hard to bring greater equality to America and ensure civil rights for all people, regardless of race.
Cells differ from each other so that they can do different _____.
Answer:
jobs?
Explanation:
Which option(s) correctly describes chromosomes?
Chromosomes consist of tightly coiled DNA wrapped around proteins called histones
Each chromosome has one gene
Chromosome pairs contain completely different genes
Most human cells have two copies of each chromosome - one from each parent.
Answer:In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Chromosomes are not visible in the cell’s nucleus—not even under a microscope—when the cell is not dividing. However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope. Most of what researchers know about chromosomes was learned by observing chromosomes during cell division.
Each chromosome has a constriction point called the centromere, which divides the chromosome into two sections, or “arms.” The short arm of the chromosome is labeled the “p arm.” The long arm of the chromosome is labeled the “q arm.” The location of the centromere on each chromosome gives the chromosome its characteristic shape, and can be used to help describe the location of specific genes.
To observe the surface of an ant you would use...
a dissecting microscope
a scanning electron microscope
a transmission electron microscope
a compound light microscope
What is the function of the following organelles?
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Are the following organelles found in plant cells, animal cells, or both?
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Answer:
Explanation:
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell (e.g., growth and metabolism) and carries the genes, structures that contain the hereditary information
The the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions.
The plasma membrane is the same as a cell membrane
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate
Vacuole. A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance.
The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
The cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane of plant cells and provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress. It also allows cells to develop turgor pressure, which is the pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall.
In particular, organelles called chloroplasts allow plants to capture the energy of the Sun in energy-rich molecules; cell walls allow plants to have rigid structures as varied as wood trunks and supple leaves; and vacuoles allow plant cells to change size.
A ribosome is a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that serves as the site for protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the sequence of the messenger RNA (mRNA) and, using the genetic code, translates the sequence of RNA bases into a sequence of amino acids.
The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reaction. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell. All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm of a cell.
What are some geological characteristics of glaciers in Glacier National Park?
Answer:
The minimum size criterion for a glacier is 0 .1 km², or about 25 acres. Below this size, the accumulated ice generally does not move and is stagnant. Many years of snow accumulation compacts the bottom layers of snow into ice. Under the huge weight of the snowpack (usually 100ft/30.5m thick or more), the ice becomes viscous and allows the mass to slide downhill. The appearance of crevasses and cracks attest to a glacier’s movement. Glaciers don't "bulldoze" landscape as much as they melt and re-freeze, plucking material from areas of snow deposition and moving it to other areas, like downhill conveyor belts.
Explanation:
Right on ED2021, good luck!
Why did the developers of deep flight give it that name?
In which process are glucose and oxygen the reactants?
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
ATP production
ADP production
Answer:
Cellular Respiration
Explanation:
Respiration = Glucose + Oxygen -> Water + Carbon Dioxide
fats store energy for
A. Long term.
B. Immediate use
C. muscle tissues only.