Answer:
1.85c
Explanation:
a photon moves at c, the electron is moving at 0.85c, and since they are moving in opposing directions, the relative speed would be 1.85c
The relative velocity of the electron and photon is equal to the speed of light in a vacuum, which is 3 × 10⁸ m/s The negative sign indicates that they are moving in opposite directions.
The formula for adding velocities in special relativity is given by:
V(relative) = (V₁ - V₂) ÷ (1 - (V₁ × V₂ ÷ c²))
where:
V₁ = velocity of the electron
V₂ = velocity of the photon
c = speed of light in a vacuum
The relative velocity is:
V(relative) = (0.85c - c) ÷ (1 - (0.85c × c ÷ c²))
V(relative) = (0.85c - c) ÷ (1 - 0.85)
V(relative) = (-0.15c) ÷ (0.15)
V(relative) = -c
Therefore, The relative velocity of the electron and photon is equal to the speed of light in a vacuum, which is 3 × 10⁸ m/s The negative sign indicates that they are moving in opposite directions.
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A 2 kg object going 30 m/s feels a −4 N force for 8 seconds, find the object’s final velocity
When a 2 kg object going 30 m/s feels a −4 N force for 8 seconds, the final velocity of the object is 14 m/s.
What is velocity?The rate at which a body's displacement changes in relation to time is known as its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction. SI unit of velocity is meter/second.
Initial momentum of the object = 2 kg× 30 m/s = 60 kg-m/s.
Impulse applied on the object = - 4 N×8 second = - 32 N-second.
Hence, final momentum of the object = (60 - 32) kg-m/s = 28 kg-m/s.
So, the final velocity of the object is= (28/2) m/s = 14 m/s
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Extending life? A free neutron lives about 1000 s before transforming into an electron and a proton. If a neutron leaves the Sun at a speed of 0,999c, (a) how long does it live according to an Earth observer? (b) Will such a neutron reach Pluto ( 5,9x10^-12 from the Sun) before transforming? Explain your answers
According to a recent study, assuming no nuclear holocaust, errant asteroid, or other catastrophe occurs, Earth may support life for at least another 1.75 billion years.
However, even in the absence of such terrifying end-of-the-the-world situations, cosmic forces will finally make the Earth inhabitable. The age of the Earth is 4.5 billion years. Nevertheless, in the six million years that people have been on Earth, they have had the chance to develop, According to a recent study, assuming no nuclear holocaust, errant asteroid, or other catastrophe occurs, Earth may support life for at least another 1.75 billion years.
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Before a collision, a 25 kg object is moving at 12 m/s to the right. After a collision with stationary box, the 25 kg object moves at 8 m/s to the right. What is the resulting momentum of the box?
The initial momentum of the 25 kg object is 25 kg * 12 m/s = 300 kgm/s. After the collision, the momentum of the 25 kg object is 25 kg * 8 m/s = 200 kgm/s. According to the conservation of momentum, the momentum lost by the 25 kg object is equal to the momentum gained by the box. Therefore, the resulting momentum of the box is 300 kgm/s - 200 kgm/s = 100 kg*m/s.
A typical human body has surface area 1.4 m2 and skin temperature 33∘C. If the body's emissivity is about 1, what's the net radiation from the body when the ambient temperature is 18∘C?
All objects—including humans—emit electromagnetic radiation. Temperature affects radiation wavelength. Thermal radiation describes this. Humans emit mostly infrared radiation at 12 microns. Infrared means "beyond the red" since its wavelength is longer than red visible light.
Objects emit thermal radiation based on their surface temperature, area, and features. Warmer objects radiate more heat. Infrared ear or forehead thermometers measure body temperatures by sensing infrared radiation. At airports, ports, and borders, infrared cameras examine feverish travelers quickly.
In meteorology, satellite photos depict cloud top and ocean/land surface infrared radiation intensities. Higher cloud tops are cooler and release less infrared radiation. Infrared satellite images show cloud top temperature distribution. Infrared satellite photos' "night vision" makes them useful 24/7, unlike visible images. Weather forecasters often utilize different colors (red, blue, green, etc.) to indicate cloud top temperatures to help them analyze cloud structure. However, most people prefer black-and-white cloud photos.
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1. a. Find the angle between a diagonal of a cube and one of its edges. Show all working. b. Is the line through (4,6,3) and (2,0, -1) parallel to the line through (6,22,12) and (1,7,2)? Your explanation must include full details. c. Two forces F1 and F2 with magnitudes 100 Newtons and 120 Newtons, respectively, act on an object at point P as shown in the figure (not to scale).
a. The angle between a diagonal of a cube and one of its edges is approximately 54.7356°.
b. No, the line through (4,6,3) and (2,0, -1) is not parallel to the line through (6,22,12) and (1,7,2).
C. question is incomplete.
a. To show the working, consider the diagonal of a cube with edge length "a":
Diagonal = √(a^2 + a^2 + a^2) = √(3a^2) = a√3
The length of the edge is "a".
To find the angle between the two, use the dot product formula:
cos(θ) = (a * a) / (a * √(3a^2)) = a / √(3a^2) = a / (a√3) = 1 / √3
Therefore, θ = cos^-1 (1 / √3) = 54.7356°
b. The line through (4,6,3) and (2,0, -1) is not parallel to the line through (6,22,12) and (1,7,2).
Parallel lines have the same direction and therefore the same slope. To check for parallelism, we can find the direction ratios of the lines.
The direction ratio of the line through (4,6,3) and (2,0, -1) is: (2-4,0-6,-1-3) = (-2,-6,-4)
The direction ratio of the line through (6,22,12) and (1,7,2) is: (1-6,7-22,2-12) = (-5,-15,-10)
Since the direction ratios are different, the two lines are not parallel.
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Which is more easily diffracted around the buildings AM or FM radio waves? Why?
FM radio waves are more easily diffracted around buildings than AM radio waves because they have lower frequencies and longer wavelengths.
What is wavelength?
Wavelength is the distance between two successive crests of a wave. It is the distance that a wave travels in one complete cycle, and is measured in meters or other units of length.
FM waves are able to bend around obstacles more easily than AM waves due to their longer wavelength. The longer wavelength of an FM wave allows it to bend and diffract around obstacles more easily than the shorter wavelength of an AM wave, which is more likely to be blocked or reflected by obstacles.
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if the current at t=0 is 12.0a, what is the current at t=2.00s?
When the current is I, the energy is stored as U B.= 2 1 LI 2, where L denotes the self-inductance.
The pace of development of this is dt dU \sB
="Li dt di"
where I is determined by the equation i= R E (1e t/ L.) (increase of current), and the derivative of that equation (or the use of Eq. C =RC) yields di/dt. As a result, at time t=1.61 using the symbols V to represent the battery voltage (12.0 volts) and R to represent the resistance (20.0), we have L.
dt dU \sB\s = \sR \sV \s2 \s (1−e \s−t/τ \sL)e \s−t/τ \sL
= \s20.0Ω \s(12.0V) (12.0V) 2 \s (1−e \s−1.61 \s )e \s−1.61 \s
=1.15W
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from an evolutionary perspective, the most basic division among all organisms on earth is among:
From an evolutionary standpoint, the division between bacteria, archaea, and eukarya is the most fundamental one among all living things on earth.
Since both Bacteria and Archaea are made up of unicellular organisms, scientists once believed that these two domains of life were the most closely linked to one another. The most closely linked domains, according to new genome sequencing data, are actually Archaea and Eukarya. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound cell organelles such mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus, and chloroplasts, among other traits. There isn't a tightly confined, clearly defined nucleus. Circular DNA makes up genetic material, which is found bare in the cytoplasm of cells.
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A ball of mass 0.10 kg is dropped from a height of 18 m. Its momentum when it strikes the ground is? (2.4 kg m/s, 1.9 kg m/s, 1.5 kg m/s, 3.8 kg m/s).
A ball of mass 0.10 kg is dropped from a height of 18 m.1.5 Kgm/sec is strikes the ground. option (c) is correct.
What is mass ?
Mass, pronounced "măs," is a unit of measurement for the quantity of substance that comprises a physical body. In classical mechanics, an object's mass is important because it affects the amount of inertia it possesses and the force required to accelerate it according to Newton's equations of motion.
What is momentum ?
The mathematical relationship between mass and velocity is that of momentum. The amount of motion that is made up of the mass moved and the speed at which it is moving is known as momentum.
Momentum = sqrt (2mK) [K = Kinetic energy of block]
Applying energy conservation
K when it hits ground = mgh
So P = sqrt ( 2m2 gh) = m sqrt (2gh) = 0.10 * sqrt(2*9.8*12) = 1.534 Kgm/sec
So correct option is C) 1.5 Kgm/sec
Therefore, A ball of mass 0.10 kg is dropped from a height of 18 m.1.5 Kgm/sec is strikes the ground. option (c) is correct.
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A particle with mass 2.30 g and charge +10.0μC enters through a small hole in a metal plate with a speed of 8.50 m/s8.50 m/s at an angle of 55.0∘. The uniform E→ field in the region above the plate has magnitude 6.50×10^3 N/C and is directed downward. The region above the metal plate is essentially a vacuum, so there is no air resistance. (a) Can you neglect the force of gravity when solving for the horizontal distance traveled by the particle? Why or why not? (b) How far will the particle travel, Δx, before it hits the metal plate?
No, the force of gravity cannot be neglected when solving for the horizontal distance traveled by the particle.
The gravitational force would be described as a force of attraction (attractive force) that attracts all physical forms having mass. It is by far the weakest recognized natural force. Mathematical representation. Mathematically, gravitational force can be represented as F = G m 1 m 2 r.
Earth's gravity comes from all its mass. All its mass makes a combined gravitational pull on all the mass in your body. That's what gives you weight.
And if you were on a planet with less mass than Earth, you would weigh less than you do here.
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The x component of velocity of a particle as a function of time is shown in (Figure 1) .
Part A
Over what intervals is the work done on the particle positive?
Check all that apply.
From a to b.
From f to g.
From d to f.
From b to c.
From d to e.
From e to f.
From c to d.
Part B
Over what intervals is the work done on the particle negative?
Check all that apply.
From d to e.
From d to f.
From e to f.
From a to b.
From c to d.
From f to g.
From b to c.
The x component of velocity of a particle as a function of time is shown in
Part A and Part B is explained below.
Velocity is a measure of the rate of change of an object's position in a given frame of reference. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Velocity is a fundamental concept in physics, and it is important in many areas such as mechanics, astronomy, and kinematics. Velocity is typically expressed in meters per second (m/s) and can be calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it took to travel that distance.
Part A
The work done on the particle is positive over the intervals a to b, f to g, d to f, b to c, d to e and e to f.
Part B
The work done on the particle is negative over the intervals d to e, d to f, e to f, a to b, c to d and f to g.
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write the formula for isothermal compressibility (see example 5) in terms of p
Isothermal compressibility is given by K=−1V(∂V∂P)T.
What is meant by isothermal compressibility?
Isothermal compressibility is defined by the fractional differential change in volume due to a change in pressure.
What is the isothermal process?
An isothermal process is a thermodynamic process in which the temperature of a system remains constant. The transfer of heat into or out of the system happens so slowly that thermal equilibrium is maintained.
How is isothermal compressibility calculated?
To measure isothermal compressibility a known increment of pressure must be applied and the consequent isothermal volume change measured. During compression, however, heat is generated in the test liquid and must be dissipated before the volume change can be measured.
Is isothermal positive or negative?
The isothermal compression of the gas was performed in two ways, one irreversible and one reversible. The work done on the gas is positive because the gas is compressed; the surroundings do positive work on the gas.
Thus, the formula is K=−1V(∂V∂P)T.
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Consider a fusion reaction in which a proton fuses with a neutron to form a deuterium nucleus. How much energy is released in this reaction?(The mass of the deuterium nucleus is 2.01355u). Answer in Me
The difference in mass is then 2.01649u - 2.01355u = 0.00294u. This means that the energy released in this reaction is equal to 0.00294u × (c^2) = 4.621 x 10^-12 J.
What is mass?
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains. It is different from weight, which is a measure of the force gravity exerts on an object. Mass is typically measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
The energy released in this reaction is equal to the mass difference between the products and the reactants multiplied by the speed of light squared. In this reaction, the mass of the reactants (1 proton and 1 neutron) is equal to 1.007825u + 1.008665u = 2.01649u.
The mass of the product (deuterium nucleus) is 2.01355u.
This means that the energy released in this reaction is equal to 0.00294u × (c^2) = 4.621 x 10^-12 J.
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The symbol used for a magnetic pole is:
m
M
P
p
The symbol used for a magnetic pole is option Ana d B: "m" and "M" , which are used to indicate North and South magnetic poles.
What is the magnetic pole about?In physics, a magnetic pole is a point on a magnet where the magnetic field is most concentrated. The north pole of a magnet is the pole that points towards the Earth's geographic north pole, while the south pole of a magnet is the pole that points towards the Earth's geographic south pole.
Therefore, These poles are labeled "N" (for north) and "S" (for south) respectively, but it's also common to use the symbols "m" and "M" to indicate magnetic poles.
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a downward force of 400 N is applied to the small piston with a diameter of 6 cm in the hudraulic lift system. What is the
a) upward force exerted by the large piston with diameter of 30 cm
b) if the input force pushes the small piston down by 25 cm how high will the large piston rise
Pressure will be constant at both ends, with the use of formula, the upward force is 10,000 N and the height is 625 cm
What is Pressure ?Pressure can simply be defined as a ratio of force to area. Hydraulic lift system makes use of pressure principles.
Given that a downward force of 400 N is applied to the small piston with a diameter of 6 cm in the hydraulic lift system.
What is the
a) upward force exerted by the large piston with diameter of 30 cm
Pressure will be the same at both end.
Since pressure P = F/A
The area of the piston = πr²
F1 = 400r1 = 6cm = 0.06 mF2 = ?r2 = 30 cm = 0.3mF1/A1 = F2/A2
Since π will cancel out, substitute the Force and radius r directly
400/0.06² = F/0.3²
F = 111111.1 × 0.09
F = 9999.99 N
F = 10,000 N
b) if the input force pushes the small piston down by 25 cm, we can know how height will the large piston rise by using the same formula
400/0.25 = 10000/L
1600 = 10000/L
L = 10000/1600
L = 6.25 m
L = 625 cm
Therefore, the upward force exerted by the large piston is 10,000 N approximately and the height is 625 cm
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Mitochondria have a "bag within a bag" structure. This structure is necessary in order to:
a) create a concentration gradient of certain molecules between the regions inside and outside the "inner bag," a form of potential energy.
b) keep molecules of ADP in close proximity to molecules of the ATP-synthesizing enzyme.
c) allow light-reactive accessory pigments to be embedded within the membranes.
d) segregate the most toxic digestive enzymes from molecules of ATP and NADP'.
e) None of the above.
Create a concentration gradient of certain molecules between the regions inside and outside the "inner bag," a form of potential energy.
What is potential energy?Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or chemical composition. It is the energy of an object that is ready to be released and converted into kinetic energy. Examples of potential energy include the energy stored in a compressed spring, the energy stored in a raised weight, the energy stored in a charged battery, and the energy stored in the bonds of molecules or atoms.
The inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria form a "bag within a bag" structure, which is necessary to create a concentration gradient of certain molecules between the inner and outer regions. This gradient allows for the formation of a potential energy source. This potential energy is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and the enzyme responsible for this reaction. This structure also helps to keep molecules of ADP close to the enzyme, thus allowing for efficient synthesis of ATP. Additionally, this structure allows for the embedding of light-reactive accessory pigments within the membranes. This way, they can absorb the energy of incoming light and convert it into chemical energy, which can then be used to power the synthesis of ATP.
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A manufacturing company has a machine that can hold a maximum volume of 300 cm3 of liquid silver. This volume of liquid silver has a mass of approximately 2.8 kg. The company has a second machine that can only hold a maximum volume of 150 cm3 of liquid silver. What is the approximate mass of liquid silver that the second machine can hold?
Approximately 1.4 kg mass of liquid silver that the second machine can hold.
What is the approximate mass of liquid silver that the second machine can hold?The approximate mass of liquid silver that the second machine can hold is approximately 1.4 kg. To calculate this mass, one must understand the relationship between volume and mass, as the volume of a material can directly affect its mass.In this case, the first machine can hold a maximum volume of 300 cm3 of liquid silver, which has a mass of 2.8 kg. To calculate the mass of the second machine, one must divide the mass of the first machine by the volume of the first machine, and then multiply that number by the volume of the second machine.This equation looks like this: (2.8 kg/300 cm3) x 150 cm3 = 1.4 kg. Therefore, the approximate mass of liquid silver that the second machine can hold is approximately 1.4 kg. By understanding the relationship between volume and mass, one can accurately calculate the mass of a material that a machine can hold. In this case, the mass of the liquid silver that the second machine can hold can be calculated to be approximately 1.4 kg.This calculation can be useful for manufacturing companies, as it can help them to determine the amount of material their machines can hold in order to avoid any potential production issues.To learn more about The approximate mass of liquid silver refer to:
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an object slides off a table 10 meters above the ground with an initial horizontal speed of 5 meters per second as shown above. Calculate the time between the objects leaving the table and hitting the ground
The time that have been taken for the ball to fall to the ground is 2 s.
What is the time that have been taken?We have to note that in this case, what we are trying to find is the time that have been taken. The question says that an object slides off a table 10 meters above the ground with an initial horizontal speed of 5 meters per second.
Now;
Distance that have been covered = 10 meters
Speed with which the ball falls = 5 meters per second
Speed = distance/Time
Time = Distance/Speed
Time = 10 m/5 m/s
Time = 2 s
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fig. 1 shows a motion di- agram of a car traveling down a street. the camera took one frame every 10 s. a distance scale is provided.
The graph obtain from the plot is consistent and the velocity is changing at different instance from the distance scale provided.
(a) In first frame to third frame car velocity is decreasing and in fourth frame car moves with constant velocity up to sixth frame. From seventh frame to ninth frame velocity is increasing
(b) Measure the x-value of the car at each dot and place your data in a table, showing each position and the instant of time at which it occurred.
The table below shows a position and time of a car traveling down a street.
t v
0 1200
1 1000
2 850
3 750
4 700
5 650
6 600
7 500
8 300
9 0
(c) Yes, The slope of position vs time graph gives velocity. We can explain from graph how the velocity is changing at different instance.
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The complete question is :
a) Describe what the car is doing in various regions.
(b) Note the position and time of the car at each dot and record in the table below.
Time t (s) Position x (m)
(c) Plot a graph of position vs. time below, labeling axes. Draw a curve of best fit through the points that passes through or close to as many of the data points as possible.
(d) Is your graph consistent with your description in part (a)? Explain.
draw the phasor for the emf e=(170v)cos((2π×60hz)t) at t=60ms.
The phasor diagram for the given emf has been drawn below and explained as well.
In electrical circuits, A phasor is a scaled line whose length represents an AC quantity that has both magnitude (peak amplitude) and direction (phase) frozen at some given time. It is generally represented by V=Vo sin(ωt+φ) where Vo represents the magnitude of the emf, ωt tells the phase at a given point in time and φ shows the initial stage.
In the given question-
(170V)cos((2π×60)t)
=(170V)sin(π/2-(2π×60)t)
ωt=2×π×60×60×10-³=7.2π
φ=π/2
Vo=170V
so, V at a given point will be,
V=170sin(π/2-7.2π)= -137.53 V
so, the phasor will look something like this(the image has been attached below).
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Thursday Homework 1-12-23 SHOW ALL YOUR WORK! 5. A swimming pool is 8 meters long, 6 meters wide, and 2 meters deep. The water- resistant paint needed for the pool costs $6 per square meter. How much will it cost to paint the pool? a. How many faces of the pool do you have to paint? b. How much paint (in square meters) do you need to paint the pool? c. How much will it cost to paint the pool? Who can help me ?
Since you aren't painting on top of the pool, you are painting the pool's four sides, its bottom, and its five faces. 104 square meters is the surface area. The total cost of the paint was $624.
What does surface area mean?A three-dimensional shape's surface area is the sum of all of its faces. Finding the area for every face and adding them together gives us the land area of a shape.
The water-resistant paint required for the pool, which is 8 meters long, 6 meters wide, and 2 meters deep, costs $6 per sq meter.
A) Because you aren't painting on top of the pool, you are painting the pool's four sides, its bottom, and its five faces.
B) The pool requires 104 square meters of paint.
Just use surface area equation assuming the pools is a rectangular prism:
SA = wl + 2(hl) + 2(hw)
Since we're only including pool's bottom, don't add times 2 for wl.
l = 8 m
w = 6 m
h = 2 m
SA = (6)(8) + 2((2)(8)) + 2((2)(6))
SA = 104 sq m
C) The total cost of the paint was $624. $624 is equivalent to $104 × 6 square meters.
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4500 kj of work is done by a small engine in 7.2 s what power is supplied by the engine in this time interval ?
P equals 625000 watts The engine provides power during this period, enabling anything to be done or accomplished. political or governmental power
What does "force of life" actually mean?influencing oneself, others, and circumstances This kind of influence comes from personal qualities rather than institutional authority. Personal power is more of a mindset or attitude. Self-efficacy and collaboration skills are important to those with high personal power.
What is power, really?Real power is energy, and as our awareness and self-awareness expand, it grows from within. Being powerful depends on having insight. A person with true authority does not affect the world without taking the larger picture into account.
Work done by the steam engine, W=4500*10³J
Time taken to do work, t = 7.2 seconds
P=W/t
=4500*10³/7.2
=625000watt
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state the law of conservation of energy
Answer:
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another. This means that a system always has the same amount of energy, unless it's added from the outside.
Explanation:
I hope this quick explanation helps :D
Explanation:
Energy can neither be created or destroyed but can convert one form to the another
A body moving with uniform acceleration has a velocity of 14.2
when its a coordinate is 2.05. If its a coordinate 2.22 later is
-4.21, what is the x-component of its acceleration?
Answer in units of cm/s^2
Answer:
2.05 an $4.2 isn't the same result
Explanation:
no exceptions
Two objects of equal mass are placed 0.8meters apart. There is an attractive force between them of 6.253 x 10-10Newtons. What is the value of each mass?
Answer: The value of each mass is approximately 9.8 x 10^-5 kg. ✅
Explanation:
PLEASEEEE GIVE BRANLIEST
To solve for the mass of each object, we can use the formula F = G(m1m2)/r^2, where F is the force between the two objects, G is the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11 N*(m^2)/(kg^2)), m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between them.
Given that F = 6.253 x 10-10 N and r = 0.8 meters, we can plug these values into the formula and solve for m1 and m2 (which are equal in this case)
6.253 x 10-10 N = (6.67 x 10^-11 N*(m^2)/(kg^2)) * (m1 * m2) / (0.8 m)^2
m1 = m2 = sqrt((6.253 x 10-10 N) * (0.8 m)^2 / (6.67 x 10^-11 N*(m^2)/(kg^2)))
m1 = m2 = sqrt((6.253 x 10-10 N) * (0.8^2 m^2) / (6.67 x 10^-11 N*(m^2)/(kg^2)))
m1 = m2 = sqrt((6.253 x 10-10 N) * (0.64 m^2) / (6.67 x 10^-11 N*(m^2)/(kg^2)))
m1 = m2 = sqrt((6.253 x 10-10 N) * (0.64 ) / (6.67 x 10^-11 N))
m1 = m2 = sqrt((6.253 x 10-10 N * (0.64 )) / (6.67 x 10^-11 N))
Answer:
Explanation:
According to gravitation law of universe,
Force=(G*M1*M2)/R^2
R=8/2=4m ,F=6.253*10^-10
M^2/R^2=6.253*10^-10/6.6743*10^-11
M=12.243KG
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Consider the circuit shown in (Figure 1) . Suppose that E = 11 V .
You may want to review (bookLink.gif pages 738 - 740) .
Part A
Find the current through the resistor a.
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Part B
Find the potential difference across the resistor a.
.Part C
Find the current through the resistor b.
Part D
Find the potential difference across the resistor b.
Part D
Find the potential difference across the resistor b.
Part E
Find the current through the resistor c.
Part F
Find the potential difference across the resistor c.
Part G
Find the current through the resistor d.
Part H
Find the potential difference across the resistor d.
The potential difference of a battery is 11V. Hence, the current through the resistor a is 1.1A.
What constitutes a potential difference?Possibly existing variation between any two points The amount of labour required to move a unit positive charge along any path between two places in the electric field is defined as the distance that can be traveled by the charge without accelerating.
What are resistors used for?A two-terminal passive electrical component used in electrical circuits to limit or regulate the flow of current. A resistor's primary function is to lower the voltage and reduce current flow in a specific area of the circuit.
Effective resistance of b, c and d
1/R => 1/(5+5)+1/10
R= 5Ω
V = IR
I = V/R ;
I = 11/(5+5) => 1.1A
Part A => 1.1A
Part B => (5 x 1.1) = 5.5V
Part C => I/2 => 1.1/2 => 0.55A
Part D => (0.55 x 10) => 5.5V
Part E => 0.55A
Part F=> 0.55 x 5 => 1.25V
Part G => 0.55A
Part H => 0.55 x 5 = 1.25V
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A scale model is a representation of an object that is _____ than the actual size of the object being studied.
Answer:
proportionally smaller
Explanation:
The Lyman series of emission lines of the hydrogen atoms are those for which nf = 1. a) determine the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the lines of the Lyman series are observed. b) Calculate the wavelengths of the first three lines in the Lyman series-those for which ni = 2,3,and 4. Please show all work
The Lyman series of emission lines of hydrogen atoms are observed in the ultraviolet region and the wavelengths of the first three lines are -822.5 nm, -364.6 nm and -182.3 nm.
a) The region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the lines of the Lyman series are observed is the ultraviolet region.
The lines of the Lyman series are observed in the ultraviolet region because the energy levels involved in these transitions are located in the UV portion of the spectrum.
The series starts from the first excited state and ends with the ground state, each transition corresponds to a specific wavelength of UV light.
b) The wavelengths of the first three lines in the Lyman series can be calculated using Rydberg formula and specific values of [tex]n_{i[/tex] and [tex]n_{f}[/tex] :
λ = R(1 ÷ [tex]n_{i[/tex]² - 1 ÷[tex]n_{f}[/tex]²)
where λ is the wavelength, R is the Rydberg constant (approximately 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹), [tex]n_{i[/tex] is the initial energy level, and [tex]n_{f}[/tex] is the final energy level.
For the first line ([tex]n_{i[/tex] = 2, [tex]n_{f}[/tex] = 1):
λ = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (1÷2² - 1÷1²) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (1÷4 - 1) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (-3÷4) = -822.5 nm.
For the second line ([tex]n_{i[/tex] = 3, [tex]n_{f}[/tex] = 1):
λ = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (1÷3² - 1÷1²) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (1÷9 - 1) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (-8÷9) = -364.6 nm.
For the third line ([tex]n_{i[/tex] = 4, [tex]n_{f}[/tex] = 1):
λ = 1.097 x 10⁷m⁻¹ (1÷4² - 1÷1²) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (1÷16 - 1) = 1.097 x 10⁷ m⁻¹ (-15÷16) = -182.3 nm
Because it is in the ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, take note that the wavelength is negative.
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The maximum height of a cylindrical column is limited by the compressive strength of the material; if the compressive stress at the bottom were to exceed the compressive strength of the material, the column would be crushed under its own weight. Part 1 out of 3
(a) For a cylindrical column of height h and radius r, made of material of density rho, calculate the compressive stress at the bottom of the column. compressive stress =
A cylindrical column has height h and radius r, made of material of density ρ. The compressive stress at the bottom of this column is ρgh.
A cylinder's volume refers to the amount of interior space it has to hold a given quantity of material. And, this is given by [tex]V = \pi r^2h[/tex] where h is the cylinder's height and r is the cylinder's radius.
Given the cylinder's radius is r, height is h, and density is ρ. Then, the mass of the cylinder is calculated by multiplying the cylinder's volume and density. This is written as [tex]M = \pi r^2h\times \rho[/tex].
And the cylinder's weight is calculated by multiplying mass and gravity g. This is written as [tex]W = \rho \pi hr^2\times g[/tex].
We have to calculate the compressive stress at the bottom of the column. So the area of the bottom circle [tex]A = \pi r^2[/tex]. The compressive stress be then calculated as follows,
[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{Compressive stress}&=\frac{\text{ Weight}}{\text{Area}}\\&= \frac{(\rho \pi hr^2g)}{(\pi r^2)}\\&= \rho gh \end{aligned}[/tex]
The required answer is ρgh.
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Diffraction Limit:
a) How far away can a human eye distinguish two car headlights 2.0m apart? Consider only diffraction effects and assume an eye pupil diameter of 6 mm and a wavelength of 560 nm.
b) What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects?
c) In reality, the minimum angular separation is about 1′ of arc. Why is it not equal to your answer in part b)?
The human eye can distinguish two car headlights 2.0m apart when the angular separation is about 0.03°.
What is diffraction?Diffraction is the bending of waves around an obstacle or through an opening. When light or sound waves encounter an obstacle, the waves are scattered and spread out in a pattern known as a diffraction pattern. The size and shape of the obstacle affects the amount of diffraction that occurs. The same is true for an opening, such as a slit or a hole, which causes the waves to spread out in multiple directions. Diffraction is an important concept in many areas of physics, such as optics, acoustics, and quantum mechanics.
This is calculated by using the formula θ = 1.22λ/D, where θ is the angular resolution, λ is the wavelength of the light, and D is the diameter of the eye pupil. Assuming a light wavelength of 560nm and an eye pupil diameter of 6mm, the angular resolution is 0.03°.
The minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects, is 0.0003°. This is calculated using the same formula as before, only with the wavelength set to 550nm.
In reality, the minimum angular separation is about 1′ of arc, which is significantly larger than the answer calculated in part b). This is because diffraction effects are the only factor taken into account in part b), while in reality, other factors such as the eye's optical aberrations, the eye's accommodation, and atmospheric turbulence all play a role in limiting the resolution of the eye. Additionally, the eye's acuity is not constant and can be affected by fatigue and other factors. Thus, the true angular resolution of the eye is much lower than the theoretical limit calculated in part b).
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