Hybrid bonding orbitals on central oxygen in H2O derived from 2s2s and 2p2p atomic orbitals with bond angle of 116.8°.
To construct normalized hybrid bonding orbitals on the central oxygen in H2O, we need to combine the 2s and 2p atomic orbitals.
The two 2s orbitals will combine to form a new hybrid orbital, which will be called the 2sp hybrid orbital.
Similarly, the two 2p orbitals will combine to form two new hybrid orbitals, which will be called the 2p-sp2 hybrid orbitals.
These hybrid orbitals will have different energy levels and shapes than the original atomic orbitals.
The bond angle of H2O is 104.5°, but the bond angle of Ozone is 116.8° due to the different hybridization of the central oxygen atom.
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Normalized hybrid bonding orbitals on the central oxygen in H2O are derived from 2s and 2p atomic orbitals.
The bond angle of water is approximately 104.5° due to sp3 hybridization. However, for O3, which has a bond angle of 116.8°, the hybridization involves both 2s and 2p orbitals. The hybridization scheme for O3 involves mixing the 2s and two of the 2p orbitals to form three sp2 hybrid orbitals with one unhybridized 2p orbital. The three sp2 hybrid orbitals are oriented in a trigonal planar arrangement with a bond angle of approximately 120°. The unhybridized 2p orbital is perpendicular to the plane of the sp2 hybrid orbitals and forms a pi bond with the adjacent oxygen atom. Overall, the hybridization scheme for O3 allows for the formation of a bent molecular geometry with a bond angle of 116.8°, which is consistent with the observed experimental value.
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How many mL of a 1.00 M HCl solution would need to be added to 100 mL of 0.263 M ammonia to produce a buffer with a pH of 10.00. The pKa of ammonia is 9.25.
Answer:
3.97mL of 1.00M HCl must be added
Explanation:
The buffer of ammonia and ammonium ion follows the equation:
pH = pKa + log [NH₃] / [NH₄⁺] (1)
Where pH is the pH we want to obtain: 10.00
pKa is the pKa of the buffer: 9.25
[NH₃] could be taken as moles of ammonia
And NH₄⁺ moles of ammonium ion
When NH₃ reacts with HCl:
NH₃ + HCl → NH₄⁺ + Cl⁻
NH₄⁺ is produced. That means moles of ammonia are Initial moles of ammonia - Moles of HCl added
Moles of HCl added = Moles of ammonium ion
The total moles of the buffer are:
0.100L * (0.263mol / L) = 0.0263moles = [NH₄⁺] + [NH₃] (2)
Rewriting (1):
10.00 = 9.25 + log [NH₃] / [NH₄⁺]
0.75 = log [NH₃] / [NH₄⁺]
Replacing (2) in (1):
0.75 = log 0.0263 - [NH₄⁺] / [NH₄⁺]
5.6234 = 0.0263 - [NH₄⁺] / [NH₄⁺]
5.6234[NH₄⁺] = 0.0263 - [NH₄⁺]
6.6234[NH₄⁺] = 0.0263
[NH₄⁺] = 0.00397 moles = Moles HCl
To obtain these moles we must add:
0.00397 moles HCl * (1L / mol) = 0.00397L =
3.97mL of 1.00M HCl must be added
What is evolution?
1. Quick change in an organism to eat better
2. A change in the environment
3. Gradual change in the environment due to global warming
4. Gradual change of a species to be better suited for the environment
Answer:
The correct answer is option 4.
Answer:
4 Gradual change of a species to be better suited for the environment
Explanation:
What is the random movement and mixing of particles?
9 letters in the world the second one is “i” and the 6th “s”
Answer:
diffusion
Explanation:
Diffusion can be defined as the net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration. This sounds like the most plausible word in this case.
The Statue of Liberty changing from Copper to Green is an example of...
Group of answer choices
A: Temperature Change
B: Gas Formation
C: Color Change
D: Precipitate
Answer:
answering this for points! Sorry! but its probably A OR C
Explanation:
the seven continents used to be one huge supercontinent called Ppaonderosa, Panhandle, Pangaea, Panthalassa
Answer:
Pangaea
Explanation:
Answer:
Pangea
Explanation:
Pangaea or Pangea was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from earlier continental units approximately 335 million years ago, and it began to break apart about 175 million years ago
HELP ASAP PLEASE WILL GIVE 12 points
A. Which of the following reaction mixtures will produce
hydrogen more quickly at room temperature:
(i) zinc granules + dilute nitric acid?
(ii) zinc powder + dilute nitric acid?
B. Give an explanation of your answer to a.
C. Suggest two other methods by which the speed of
this reaction can be altered.
Answer:
zinc powder + dilute nitric acid
Decrease the temperature in Exothermic reactions (Reactions that release energy, or become hot) Add a catalyst (A substance that reduces activation energy, speeding up the reaction) Increase the concentration of reactants. Increase the concentration of catalysts
Explanation:
Brainliest?
Which organism is a producer? A:owl B:mouse C:grass D:snake please somebody help me
Answer:
I think it's C. Grass. :)
9
Which statement best describes the Bohr model of the atom?
Electrons can move freely between intermediate energy levels.
B
Electrons move around the nucleus in circular orbits:
С
Electrons emit and absorb energy at continuous wavelengths.
D Electrons are accommodated in lower energy levels.
Answer:
B.electrons move around the nucleus in circular orbits.
true or false: Gravity plays an important role in the formation of stars.
Pls help fast???!!!!
Answer:
the the answer iss ( true )
The table below lists the naturally occurring isotopes of element X. Calculate the average atomic mass.
Mass of isotope Relative abundance
15.33 amu 28.60%
17.26 amu 13.30%
18.11 amu 58.10%
A) 17.65 amu
B) 17.11 amu
C) 16.90 amu
D) 17.20 amu
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I think it is D
Convert 6.24 x 10g to standard notation.
Answer:
3.45 x 10^5
Explanation:
A mining crew extracted two different types of minerals from underground. Then, they transferred the same amount of energy into both minerals. Why did mineral A change while mineral B stayed the same? Explain what happened to the molecules of both minerals
Explanation:
A mining crew extracted two different types of minerals from underground. Then, they transferred the same amount of energy into both minerals. Mineral A changed and mineral B stayed the same phase because mineral B has a stronger molecular attraction than mineral A.
Thomson concluded that .......
A- electrons must be parts of the atoms of all elements
B- Electrons are not parts of the atoms of all elements
C-None from the previous
Answer:
A. electrons must be parts of the atoms of all elements
How many carbon atoms are there in a 12.5 kg sample of carbon?
step by step solution
Answer:
6.27 X 10^26 atoms
Explanation:
Write down the formula:
number of moles = mass/Ar (Ar is atomic mass)
Ar of carbon = 12
mass = 12.5kg or 12500g
Substitue these values into the formula:
number of moles = 12,500g / 12 = 3125/3 or 1041.6
Convert this to atoms:
1 mole = 6.022 X 10^23 atoms
So, 1041.6 moles = 6.27 X 10^26 atoms
If sperm and egg cells have half of the number of chromosomes found in other body cells, how do gametes form?
Radiant heat is typically found
A.in empty space
B.I’m water
C.in mountains
D.in bricks
Answer:
A.in empty space
Explanation:
Radiant heat creates heath through both convection and radiation. Their purpose is to heat up an environment, aka empty space.
balance Ca(NO3)2 + NaCl ---> NaNO3 + CaCl2
Answer:
Ca(NO3)2 + 2 NaCl = 2 NaNO3 + CaCl2
Explanation:
On the left you have an original balance of Ca - 1, N - 2, O - 6, Na - 1, and Cl - 2, and on the right you have a balance of Ca - 1, N - 1, O - 3, Na - 1, Cl - 2.
Ca - 1 Ca - 1
N - 2 N - 1
O - 6 O - 3
Na - 1 Na - 1
Cl - 1 Cl - 2
In order to balance these, you'll have to make both sides equal. To get the N on the right to be equal to the N on the left, you'll have to multiply NaNO3 by 2, thus making it 2NaNO3. By doing this, you will offset the balance of both Na and O.
Ca - 1 Ca - 1
N - 2 N - 2
O - 6 O - 6
Na - 1 Na - 2
Cl - 1 Cl - 2
To balance the rest of the equation, you'll have to multiply both Na and Cl by 2. This will change NaCl to 2NaCl, making the balance look like this:
Ca - 1 Ca - 1
N - 2 N - 2
O - 6 O - 6
Na - 2 Na - 2
Cl - 2 Cl - 2
You will now be left with your final equation Ca(NO3)2 + 2 NaCl = 2 NaNO3 + CaCl2.
What is the temperature at 11:59 pm?
true or false: the more matter a star contains,the longer it is able to shine.
Pls help fast
Explanation:
true ..........................
i need ur help guys please. 50 pts
Answer:
Sodium Chloride - Food flavoring, preservation and desiccation, fermentation processes, wood pulp bleaching in paper industry, buna and neoprene production in plastic industry.
Sodium Hydroxide - Bar soap and detergent production, drain cleaning, paper manufacturing, purification of bauxite ore prior aluminium production, artificial fibers production, oil refining.
Sodium Carbonate - Glass manufacturing, water softening, food additive, soap manufacturing, antiacid production.
Sodium Sulphate - Drugs for therapeutical use, wood pulp production in paper industry, soap and detergent production.
Potassium Nitrate - Fertilizer production, rocket propellant and gunpower production, wastewater treatment.
Potassium Chlorate - Oxygen-supply systems in aerospace applications.
Potassium Permanganate (VII) - Treatments of fungi and bacterial infections, wasterwater treatment and gastric irrigation.
Potassium Chloride - Hypoalkemia treatment, flavor enhancing in food.
Explanation:
Sodium Chloride - Food flavoring, preservation and desiccation, fermentation processes, wood pulp bleaching in paper industry, buna and neoprene production in plastic industry.
Sodium Hydroxide - Bar soap and detergent production, drain cleaning, paper manufacturing, purification of bauxite ore prior aluminium production, artificial fibers production, oil refining.
Sodium Carbonate - Glass manufacturing, water softening, food additive, soap manufacturing, antiacid production.
Sodium Sulphate - Drugs for therapeutical use, wood pulp production in paper industry, soap and detergent production.
Potassium Nitrate - Fertilizer production, rocket propellant and gunpower production, wastewater treatment.
Potassium Chlorate - Oxygen-supply systems in aerospace applications.
Potassium Permanganate (VII) - Treatments of fungi and bacterial infections, wasterwater treatment and gastric irrigation.
Potassium Chloride - Hypoalkemia treatment, flavor enhancing in food.
how would you describe the forces between the particles of solids??
Answer:
Explanation:
In a solid, the attractive forces keep the particles together tightly enough so that the particles do not move past each other. ... The kinetic energy of the molecule is greater than the attractive force between them, thus they are much farther apart and move freely of each other.
explain why a nanowire can be longer than 3000nm but still be considered a metallic nanomaterial
Answer:
A nanowire is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometre (10−9 meters). It can also be defined as the ratio of the length to width being greater than 1000. Alternatively, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. At these scales, quantum mechanical effects are important—which coined the term "quantum wires". Many different types of nanowires exist, including superconducting (e.g. YBCO[1]), metallic (e.g. Ni, Pt, Au, Ag), semiconducting (e.g. silicon nanowires (SiNWs), InP, GaN) and insulating (e.g. SiO2, TiO2). Molecular nanowires are composed of repeating molecular units either organic (e.g. DNA) or inorganic (e.g. Mo6S9−xIx).
Explanation:
Hope it helps
The Sun appears to move across the sky each day. What causes this?
A.the spinning of Earth on its axis
B. the path of the Sun around Earth
C. the production of nuclear energy by the Sun
D. the tilt of Earth on its axis
Answer:
a
Explanation:
as the earth rotate around the sun it appears to be moving across the sky
Answer:
The answer is option A
Explanation:
From Earth, the Sun looks like it moves across the sky in the daytime and appears to disappear at night. This is because the Earth is spinning towards the east. The Earth spins about its axis, an imaginary line that runs through the middle of the Earth between the North and South poles.
Please mark me brainliest
Look at the image below:
Mid ocean ridge
Sea towe
Marie Sedie
Osta 7m
WORM
PC
hohe materieur
Tron
Orope
thenosphere
perduta
What type of plate boundary is shown here?
convergent
divergent
transform
Answer:
Divergent
20 words
Answer:
divergent...........................
Why is sterilising the water rarely used in treating the sewage water?
Answer:
Sterilizing the water rarely used in treating the sewage water is described below in details.
Explanation:
Sterilization is the application of a chemical or physical system to eradicate all microorganisms, concluding comprehensive amounts of bacterial content. Heat treatment is the most relevant approach for the sterilization of waste-water that accommodates large levels of masses. well now sterilizing the water is un-usually practiced in managing the sewage water.
what's the answer? please help
Answer:
a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape
For example:
Freezing a liquid is a physical change.
Answer:I like bread
I like ya cut G
So that's step by step solution to get to the answer
In your own words, explain Earth's atmosphere.
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
because the atmosphere is the shield of earth
In the reaction 2CO2+ 2H2O -> C2H4 + 3O2 , the mole ratio of water to oxygen is
I'm gonna guess 2:3 because you have two moles of water and three moles of oxygen
Hi pls help with these questions. Will give brainliest for correct answer :)
Answer:
4
Explanation:
because those to elements link together creating amazing fractions
Particles of a suspension will settle while particles of a colloid do not. Why dose this happen?
Answer:
The dispersed particles are spread evenly throughout the dispersion medium, which can be a solid, liquid, or gas. Because the dispersed particles of a colloid are not as large as those of a suspension, they do not settle out upon standing.
Explanation: