provide one concluding statement and two recommendations on the issue if human rights violation to communities​

Answers

Answer 1

Human rights are fundamental rights that every person is entitled to, regardless of race, sex, nationality, religion, or any other characteristic. Human rights violation is a significant concern, especially for communities that suffer from discrimination, poverty, and marginalization. The following are a concluding statement and two recommendations on the issue of human rights violations to communities.

Concluding statement

Human rights violations to communities are a global problem that affects many people. Governments and societies must come together to protect these vulnerable communities from any form of abuse, exploitation, and discrimination. It is essential to promote respect for human rights and ensure that human dignity is upheld.

Recommendations

Promote awareness and education about human rights: Promoting education and awareness on human rights can help to prevent human rights violations. Educating communities on their rights can empower them to advocate for their rights and hold accountable those who violate their rights. Governments can invest in campaigns that sensitize communities on their rights and establish policies that support and protect human rights.Strengthen human rights institutions: Human rights institutions play a vital role in protecting human rights. Governments should invest in these institutions to enable them to carry out their mandates effectively. It is essential to ensure that the institutions are independent, have adequate resources, and are staffed with skilled and professional individuals. Governments should also provide a framework that allows these institutions to collaborate and share information on human rights violations.

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Related Questions

There are three individual firms in happy Valley the government wants to reduce pollution and 90 units so it gives each firm 30 tradable pollution permits Farme has 30 units at five dollars firm be has 45 units at $10 and firm C has 60 units at $20 because firm blank has the highest cost of reducing pollution by one unit it would like to blank another firm because firm blank has the lowest cost of reducing pollution by one unit

Answers

Because firm (A,B, C) has the highest cost of reducing pollution by 1 unit, it would like to (sell 30 permits to, buy 30 permits from) another firm.

During the current year, Mute Corporation expected to sell 22,700 telephone switches. Fixed costs for the year were expected to be $12,143,500, the unit sales price was budgeted at $3,350, and unit variable costs were budgeted at $1,480.

Mute's margin of safety (MOS) in sales dollars is: (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

Multiple Choice

$76,147,602.

$87,087,602.

$57,290,472.

$54,290,602.

$66,470,602.

Answers

The Mute's margin of safety (MOS) in sales dollars is: d. $54,290,602.

Margin of safety

First step

Breakeven=$12,143,500/( $3,350-$1,480)/$3,350

Breakeven=$12,143,500/$1870/$3370

Breakeven=$12,143,500/0.5548961424332

Breakeven=$21,884,275

Second step

Margin of safety:

Margin of safety=(22,700×$3350)-$21,884,275

Margin of safety=$54,290,602

The correct option is D.

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Which manufacturer most likely uses intensive distribution? O a. Cadbury Adams, a manufacturer of Certs breath fresheners O b. Essential, a manufacturer of lighting fixtures O Citizen, a manufacturer of digital scales O d. Maytag, a manufacturer of appliances ​

Answers

The manufacturer most likely uses intensive distribution is: a. Cadbury Adams, a manufacturer of Certs breath fresheners

Who is  manufacturer?

A manufacturer can be defined as someone that produces product or goods from raw material to finished goods.

Hence,  Cadbury Adams, a manufacturer of Certs breath fresheners  is the manufacturer most likely uses intensive distribution.

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Mentoring and coaching do not contribute to business performance. Discuss.

Answers

Mentoring is a act or process of helping and giving advice to a younger or less experienced person, especially in a job or at school.whiles Coaching is a form of development in which an experienced person, called a coach, supports a learner or client in achieving a specific personal or professional goal by providing training and guidance.

1. It helps employees forge meaningful professional relationships.
Mentoring creates relationships where employees will protect one another. Praise on another. Give support to one another at work when it is needed. If an employee doesn’t quit because of their boss, then it’s likely because they have no support network at work. Mentoring in the workplace provides that support network. It doesn’t have to be in that 1-on-1 role either. Mentors can introduce new employees to their entire professional network.

2. It creates productivity levels that are more consistent.
A workplace needs to have a predictable level of productivity in order to operate efficiently. Bringing in a new employee disrupts that predictability until their skill levels can be brought up to appropriate levels – which may take 12+ months. Mentoring in the workplace can dramatically shorten that time period by giving new employees an experienced insight into the expectations which exist.



3. It helps with internal politics.
When you put a group of people together, there will always be political jockeying involved at some level. A mentoring in the workplace program can help to stabilize the gossiping and positioning that each worker does to protect their position. Instead of trying to throw the new employee “under the bus,” this type of system gives new workers the tools they need to insert themselves onto a team almost immediately.

4. It helps new workers begin to speak the company language.
Every company has their own jargon that is used. Mentors help new workers be able to start learning this unique language so everyone can communicate with efficiency. Even highly skilled and experienced workers who can jump right into a project can benefit from a mentor in this regard so that there isn’t an issue with miscommunication that creeps up.

a. Determine the average rate of return for a project that is estimated to yield total income of $570,720 over six years, has a cost of $603,500, and has a $52,500 residual value. Round to the nearest whole number.
%

b. A project has estimated annual net cash flows of $30,000. It is estimated to cost $123,000.
Determine the cash payback period. Round your answer to one decimal place.
years

Answers

The Average rate of return is 35%.

The cash payback period is 4.10 years.

What is the average rate of return?

Average rate of return is a capital budgeting method. It is used to determine if a firm should invest in a project or should not invest in a project

Average rate of return = average net income / average cost of investment

average net income =$570,720 / 6 = $95,120

Average cost of investment =( beginning book value of the investment - ending book value of the investment) / 2

(603,500 - 52,500) / 2 = $275,500

Average rate of return = ($95,120 /  $275,500) x 100 = 35%

What is the cash payback period?

Payback calculates the amount of time it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from it cumulative cash flows

Payback period = Amount invested / cash flow

Payback period = 123,000 / 30,000 =  4.10 years

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Discuss the negative effect of technology on work-life balance

Answers

It can lead to burnout, low performance, stress leave,sick leave

Evaluating the possible positive and negative outcomes of different
economic decisions is called:
A. marginal cost analysis.
B. cost-benefit analysis.
C. revenue projection analysis.
D. opportunity cost analysis.

Answers

Answer:

marginal cost analysis

The Economic Freedom of the World index provides a measure of the extent to which various countries
Group of answer choices

A. rely on democratic political decision-making to allocate resources.

B. rely on markets rather than political decision-making to allocate resources.

C. use transfer payments and subsidies to achieve an Egalitarian distribution of income.

D. use political allocation to promote economic nationalism.

Answers

The Economic Freedom of the World index provides a measure of the extent to which various countries rely on markets rather than political decision-making to allocate resources. (option B)

What is the Economic Freedom of the World index?

Economic Freedom of the World Index is a measure used to determine the degree to which the policies and institutions of countries are supportive of economic freedom. The Economic Freedom of the World Index measures economic freedom of 184 countries.

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Each year, more than ___________children age 4 and under die from poisoning from
household products and medicines?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

45%

Each year, more than 42% of children age 4 and under die from poisoning from household products and medicines.

What is poisoning?

Poisoning refers to the ingredients or the substances which are injurious to health or can cause death. It can cause the immediate death of the person. These substances are Alcohol, Berries and Seeds, Carbon Monoxide, Food Poisoning, Hazardous Chemicals etc.

Children under the age of five make up 42% of poisoning exposures, whereas adults over the age of 19 account for 93% of poisonings that are not fatal and 42% of those that are fatal.

Each year in the United States, Approximately between 2 and 4 million actual poisonings occurs. In which Approximately 90% of poisonings occur in the home.

Therefore,  42% of children age 4 and under die from poisoning from household products and medicines.

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Why are ethical concerns important issues when designing service pricing and revenue management strategies? What are potential consumer responses to service pricing or policies that are perceived as unfair?

Answers

Ethical concerns are important issues because service pricing schedules are intricate that it makes it easy for organizations to engage in unscrupulous manner.

What is ethics?

It should be noted that ethics simply means the ability to know what's right from what's wrong.

In this case, ethical concerns are important issues because service pricing schedules are intricate that it makes it easy for organizations to engage in unscrupulous manner.

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Companies might easily engage in dishonest practices due to the complexity of service pricing schedules, making ethical considerations significant.

Why do we need ethics?

Ethics may be defined as the capacity to distinguish between what is right and what is wrong.

In conclusion, Service pricing schedules are so complex that it's simple for businesses to act unethically, which raises ethical questions.

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Accenture is helping a retail company increase efficiency in the management of customer transactions, payment processing, and answering customer queries using Machine Learning. The client uses blockchain technology to share data with their wholesale suppliers, delivery service providers, and customer organizations.

Answers

For the retail company, Blockchain will ensure only admins can modify the data being sent to the Machine Learning model.

What is Blockchain technology?

Blockchain is a shared, unchangeable, and immutable digital ledger, duplicated and distributed across the entire network of computer systems.

Blockchain technology facilitates transaction recording and asset tracking.

Some other advantages of using the Blockchain technology include:

High-level securityTransparencyTraining data using the ML model.

Thus, for the retail company, Blockchain will ensure only admins can modify the data being sent to the Machine Learning model.

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Question Completion:

How will Blockchain ensure the integrity of the data sent to the Machine Learning model?

What are hollow corporations? A. companies that market their products through franchisees B. companies that outsource all production to suppliers C. companies that have liabilities exceeding their assets D. companies that are horizontally integrated E. companies that do not have any physical presence and only operate online

Answers

Hollow corporations are b. companies that outsource all production to suppliers

What are hollow corporations?

Hollow corporations can be defined as those companies that outsource their production to supplier, which means that they do not produce within the company but all production are carried out  supplier .

Hence, the correct option is B, because hollow corporation tend to outsource all production to supplier.

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How could the Federal Reserve use monetary policy to stimulate the economy?

Answers

The Federal Reserve implements monetary policy primarily by influencing the federal funds rate. This is the interest rate that financial institutions charge each other to borrow reserves in the money markets overnight. The Fed's monetary policy measures described below, affect the level of federal funds rates.

When a central bank like the Fed changes interest rates, it affects the economy as a whole and affects both the stock and bond markets in many ways. Lower interest rates make borrowing money cheaper. This can drive consumer and corporate spending and investment and boost asset prices.

The goals of monetary policy are maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates. By implementing effective monetary policy, the Fed can maintain stable prices, thereby supporting long-term economic growth and maximum employment conditions.

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Do you think that setting business objectives for S and S blooms will make sure that the business is successful?Justify your answer

Answers

Improved Leadership will make sure that the business is successful.

Companies set goals and goals that help them make decisions. This allows the company to determine the main focus. Intentions and goals also indicate the direction the company wants to take, as well as key stakeholders such as investors and employees. This makes them more likely to support new projects.

Improved Leadership

With clear goals, organizational leaders can plan and direct new sales teams to see what they are working on. This kind of clarity also helps improve communication within the team, as everyone is on the same page.

“One thing that successful companies have in common is a strong interest in their customers,” said John Stephenson, marketing specialist at My GREExam Preparation. “They are creating a culture that focuses on customers and aligns processes, products, and services to the needs of their services.

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The ledger of the Blue Spruce Corp. at the end of the current year shows Accounts Receivable of $237,000.
a) If Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a credit balance of $4,700 in the trial balance and bad debts are expected to be 9% of accounts receivable, journalize the adjusting entry for the end of the period. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)

Answers

The adjusting entry for the end of the period is :

Provisions for doubtful debts Account .........dr.            16,630

   To Profit and loss Account                                                         16,630

Given,

At the end of the current year, Blue Spruce Corp.'s ledger displays $237,000 in accounts receivable.

The trial balance shows a credit balance of $4,700 for Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.

And 9% of accounts receivable are predicted to be bad debts.

Amount of bad debts = 9% × amount of Accounts Receivables

                                   = 9% × $2,37,000

                                   = $21,330

Since, there is already a provision for doubtful debts of $4,700.

We have to increase it by (21,330 - 4,700) $16,630.

Hence, The adjusting entry for the end of the period is :

Provisions for doubtful debts Account .........dr.            16,630

   To Profit and loss Account                                                         16,630

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Cost of Goods Sold = Revenue - Operating Profit, is it right? I have report about the unilever financial result, but I haven't seen the number of the cost of goods sold in its sheet!

Answers

Answer:

COGS= Revenue- Gross profit

Explanation:

exactly speaking, operating profit refers to the net profit and COGS=sales revenue - gross profit. so try to find the data of gross profit instead of operating profit (net profit)

If you don't have data of gross profit, you can attempt this equation:

gross profit = operating profit (net profit) + operating expense + (depreciation and amortization)

explain controlling as a management task

Answers

Controlling is a management function that aids in obtaining desired results from employees at all organizational levels, including managers and subordinates.

Verifying if everything happens in accordance with the plans adopted, the directions issued, and the principles established constitutes controlling. Controlling makes sure that organizational resources are used effectively and efficiently to accomplish the intended goals.

The managing role identifies deviations, tracks progress toward corporate goals, and suggests necessary corrective action. In order to make the appropriate decisions regarding each, Controlling entails the meticulous gathering of knowledge about a system, process, individual, or group of people.

Managers establish and communicate while performing the management function of controlling. performance criteria for individuals, organizations, and technology

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1. Write down D & S equations for wireless phones; include
two exogenous variables in each equation.

Answers

The D - equations for wireless phones: P = D (P,eA,eB)

The S-  equation for wireless phones: Q = S (P,eA,eB)The Exogenous variable A =  PriceThe Exogenous variable B =  Population growth rate

What is the equation about?

The demand and supply relationship is one that differs in a lot of ways and often shown using a graph.  Note that the upward slope of the curve on a graph shows the law of demand and the demand for wireless phones is one that can be affected by the amount of new mobile phone subscribers, the average cost of buying the wireless phone, and others.

Hence, The D - equations for wireless phones: P = D (P,eA,eB)

The S-  equation for wireless phones: Q = S (P,eA,eB)The Exogenous variable A =  PriceThe Exogenous variable B =  Population growth rate

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Company A has 800 employees, and it decides to grant each of the employees 50 share options as part of its new rewards plan. The options are exercisable over 5 years and subject to a 3-year service condition. The fair value of each option at the grant date is $16. The company estimates that 80% of its employees will meet the service condition required for receiving the options. Calculate the total share-based payment expense for Company A assuming that 80% of the employees actually meet the service condition.

Answers

The total share-based payment expense for Company A is mathematically given as

TS= $512,000.

What is the total share-based payment a expense for Company A?

let number of Employees satisfying service condition be x

Hence

x= 800* 0.8

x=640.

let the total No of options Estimated to be exercised be y

y= 640*50

y=32000.

Generally, the equation for  Total Share is mathematically given as

TS= The total  number of options expected to be exercised Muiltiplied by  Fair value

Therefore

TS= 32000* 16

TS= 512,000.

In conclusion,  the total share-based payment expense for Company A

TS= $512,000.

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Two firms Apple and Samsung in the smart phone market have combined demand given by Q = 200 – P . Their total costs are given by TC Apple = 5 Q Apple + Q 2 Apple and TC Samsung = 5 Q Samsung + Q 2 Samsung . If they successfully collude, their total output will be: 45 units

Answers

Based on the profit functions of Apple and Samsung, their output if they successfully collude will be 65 units.

What is the total output if there is collusion?

Because Apple and Samsung are two major producers of smartphones, collusion between them would increase their demand and allow them more control over their pricing.

In order to find out their total output after collusion, solve for their profit functions first.

Apple profit function:

= Price - (5Q - Q²)

= 200Q - Q² - Q(apple)Q(samsung) - 5(apple) - Q(apple)²

= 195Q(apple) - Q(apple)Q(samsung) - 2Qapple²

Samsung profit function:

= Price - (5Q - Q²)

= 195Q(samsung) - Q(apple)Q(samsung) - 2Qsamsung²

When differentiated, the formulas become:

2Qs + 4Qa = 195

4Qa + 8Qs = 390

After differentiating their profit functions, solve simultaneously to find out what their quantities would be to make profit.

This can then be solved simultaneously:

2Qs + 4Qa = 195

4Qa + 8Qs = 390

-6Qs = -195

Qs = 195/6

Qs = 32.5 units

Qa will be:

2Qs + 4Qa = 195

4Qa = 130

Qa = 32.5 units

Add up these units to find the total units between them.

The total units are:

= 32.5 + 32.5

= 65 units

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where is the depreciation expense located

Answers

Depreciation is recorded in the income statement like any other regular operating expense. If the three plants are used for production, the costs are included in the operating expenses section of the income statement.

Balance Sheet Depreciation

Depreciation is included on the asset side of the balance sheet to indicate the depreciation of fixed assets at a given point in time.

Depreciation is the cost of an asset that has been depreciated over a single period and indicates how much of the asset has been used up during the year. Accumulated depreciation is the total depreciation expense assigned to an asset since it was used.

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How do economic principles apply to online markets? For example, a consumer can purchase a movie as a DVD or through a streaming service. Are supply and demand the same with each format?

Answers

Demand from consumers is both personalized and ever-changing.The price fluctuates in line with the performance of the stock market.

What is Demand?

Generally, asking for something urgently and vehemently, as though by right.

In conclusion, In economics, strong demand and low supply lead to higher prices, whereas the reverse is true when the supply is high and the demand is low. Equilibrium prices exist for every item.

This approach is used by online merchants since each customer demands a product with varying levels of intensity. Because their need for the goods is more pressing than others, some customers are willing to pay more. Discounts, buy one, get one free, and limited-time offers allow them to influence customer demand.

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why is it important NOT to set your office fee schedule equal to the Medicare Fee Schedule?

Answers

Because the fee schedule is subject to change at any time during the year, it does not exceed (or at least does not equal) patients' allowances. Gains are lower if the fee schedule is lower than the medication fees because most other insurance allowances are higher than Medicare. So to gain higher revenue it is advisable not to set the office fee schedule equal to that of the Medicare. Medicare fee bis the most recent form of payment and eliminates wide payment variation across similar areas

What is the fee schedule?

The fee schedule is "a complete listing of fees used by Medicare to pay doctors or other providers/suppliers," according to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). On a fee-for-service basis, reimbursement for a doctor and/or other providers is done using this comprehensive list of fee maximums.

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A free enterprise system provides individuals the opportunity to make their own economic decisions without restrictions from the government. It allows the supply and demand of consumers to determine the success or failure of an economic endeavor. It also requires entrepreneurs to rise or fall on their own without government support. Do you believe this type of economic system is more or less helpful, and why? Write an argumentative essay that explains your position.

Answers

A free enterprise system allows the supply and demand of consumers to determine the success or failure of an economic endeavor.

What is a free enterprise?

It should be noted that a free enterprise simply means the freedom of individuals and businesses to regulation.

Here, free enterprise system provides individuals the opportunity to make their own economic decisions without restrictions.

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Answer:

C.

Explanation:

free enterprise system

When delivering 2023 murano, demonstrate how to turn the driver assistance technologies on or off using ________.

Answers

In the case above, it is by using

The Driving Aids screen that is shown in the Advanced Drive-Assist Display.The Driver Assistance menu  seen under Settings in the Advanced Drive-Assist Display.

What are the packages is added for Murano?

Murano is known to adds a lot of feature such as new Midnight Edition package, and blackout front grille, amidst others.

Note that In the case above, it is by using

The Driving Aids screen that is shown in the Advanced Drive-Assist Display.The Driver Assistance menu  seen under Settings in the Advanced Drive-Assist Display.

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In addition to innovation, which strength can Accenture apply to help a global telecom solve security problems?
a.legitimacy and commercial experience
b.cadence expertise and closing experience
c.global experience and industry expertise
d.governance and tenancy knowledge

Answers

In addition to innovation, governance, and tenancy knowledge Accenture applies to help a global telecom solve security problems.

Irish-based Accenture is a provider of professional services. This business specializes in offering services in information technology, operations, strategy, and consulting. Accenture has the expertise to operate on even the most complicated customer issues and can find the most innovative solutions.

Accenture uses its expertise in governance, tenancy, and innovation to assist a multinational telecom with security issues. One of the biggest independent technology service companies around the globe is Accenture. The biggest technology businesses in the world, including Microsoft, and SAP, have partnered with this business. They are therefore familiar with every possible security issue that a telecom company may encounter.

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For this assignment, respond to each of the questions presented in that lecture. You do not need to submit a completed outcomes planning wheel for this assignment, but should use it in drafting your response to the questions.


What organizational goal is driving this training? · What will the benefit be? · What is the skill gap? · What competencies (knowledge, skills, or attitudes) will this program need? · What evaluation will be used to measure the level of goal achievement? · Who will be trained? · What is the estimated class size? · How many classes will there be and how long will this training last? · What are the knowledge and skill prerequisites? · What type of program is being proposed? · What media, if any will be used in the training? · What will happen if we do not deliver the training? · What are the restrictions or limitations for delivering a program? · What other methods may be used to reach the goal (include limitations and advantages)?

Answers

In the above case, a skill acquisition will be the aim of the program.

What organizational goal is driving this skill acquisition training?

The purpose of skill acquisition is so that student can be able to learn one or more trade so that they can earn a living after school

What will the benefit be?

The benefit of acquiring a skill  is that one will be equipped with a lot of good resources and also the skill of  financial management, one will have improved strategic planning and others.

What competencies will skill acquisition need?

It just need your presence, one's talents and expertise that has been obtained via education or or life experience.

What is the skill gap? Critical thinking/problem solvingPaying Attention to detail.Leadership. Teamwork.

What evaluation will be used to measure the level of goal achievement?

Output based on work done, practical work and result.

Who will be trained - student.

The estimated class size- 50 - 100

How many classes will there be and how long will this training last - 20 class and it will last 2 month.

knowledge and skill prerequisites -Ability to read and understand and also just come and you will be taught.

The type of program that is being proposed - skill and handwork training.

What media, if any will be used in the training - visual, media and communication tools will be used·

What will happen if we do not deliver the training - giving of certificates and graduation.

What are the restrictions or limitations for delivering a program - financial restriction.

What other methods may be used to reach the goal - use of the mass media for dissemination of information concerning the program. Its advantage is that it will benefit all and the disadvantage is financial constrain.

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is natalie davis actively involved in the decisions of the business woolworths​

Answers

Yes, Natalie Davis is actively involved in the decisions of the business Woolworths.​

The Board of Directors has a unified structure, consisting of an independent chairman, senior independent directors, a chief executive officer, and an appropriate number of executive and non-executive directors, with a majority of non-executive directors.

The company employs approximately 5,610 people, operates in Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Africa, and is managed by its headquarters in Burnley, Victoria. Woolworths International (Australia) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of South Africa-based Woolworths Holdings Limited.

Woolworths' food strategy focuses on its three key principles: Growth: Innovate to meet more demands from these customers. When. Efficiency: Bring more benefits to your customers through efficient organization and the introduction of a lean retail model.

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The money supply (Ms) in the economy is defined as the circulation of money (that consists of currency coins, paper notes, and bank balances) in the economy. Alternatively, the money supply refers to the safe assets that individuals and businesses hold for the purpose of either making payments or short-term investments.

The central bank in the economy has developed various measures of money of which the M1 and M2 are two measures. The M1 is the most liquid measure of money and is comprised of the currency, traveler’s check, and checking account deposits. Mathematically, M1 is derived as:

M1 = Currency + traveler check + checking account deposits.

The M1 is the most liquid form of money since the components included in it are easily convertible into cash without a loss in their original value.

M2 is a relatively broader measure of Ms but is also a relatively less liquid measure compared to M1. This is because M2 consists of currency, traveler’s checks, checking deposits, savings accounts, and money market mutual funds. As such, M2 is the sum of M1 and savings accounts and money market deposits. Mathematically, M2 can be described as:

M2 = M1 + savings accounts deposits + money market mutual funds.

Mutual funds are components of the M2 money supply while checking account balances are the components of the M1 money supply. When $2,000 are taken away from the mutual funds and deposited in the checking accounts, there would be an increase of $2,000 in the M1 money supply since the checking account component of M1 would increase by $2,000.

However, there would be no change in the M2 money supply because the withdrawal of $2,000 from the mutual funds would decrease the M2 by $2,000 initially. However, when this $2,000 amount is kept in the checking account, the M1 increases, and since M1 is also included in M2, M2 will increase by $2000. As such, the net effect in the M2 measure would be zero.

Answers

As the money supply consists of both currency & balances in different accounts, it is used by top financial institution to make economic decisions.

What is a money supply?

This refers to the total amount of money such as cash, coins, balances in bank accounts that are in circulation in a year.

M1

The M1 means the most liquid money that comprised of the currency, traveler’s check, and checking account deposits.

M1 = Currency + traveler check + checking account deposits.

M2

The M2 is broader measure of Ms although it is has a less liquid measure compared to M1 and consists of currency, traveler’s checks, checking deposits, savings accounts, money market mutual funds etc

M2 = M1 + savings accounts deposits + money market mutual funds.

M3

The M3 is broader measure of Ms as it includes M2 money as well as large time deposits, institutional money market funds, short-term repurchase agreements, larger liquid funds etc.

M3 =  M1 + Time deposits with commercial banks (Fixed deposits, Recurring deposits).

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Question2
Given below is information about three RM1000 par value bonds, each of which pays coupon semiannually. The required rate of return on each bond is 12%. Calculate the value of the bonds and determine whether the bond is selling at discount, premium or par value.
Bond Coupon Rate (%) Maturity (years)
1 10 5
2 12 10
3 14 15

Answers

The value of bond 3 is RM1137.65

This bond 3 is selling at a premium since the coupon rate(14%) is higher than the required rate(12%) orSince the bond value(1137.65) is more than its par value(1000)

Bond 3:

Coupon rate = 14% = 0.14

Coupon payment = Coupon rate*Face value/ Number of compounding periods in a year

CPN = 0.14*1000/2 = 140/2 = 70Number of years till maturity = 15 years

Number of periods till maturity = N = 15*2 = 30

We know that the price of the bond is given by the following formula,

P = CPN*(1/y)*(1-(1/(1+y)^N)) + FV/(1+y)^N

Substituting the given values in the above equation,

we get

P = 70*(1/0.06)*(1-(1/(1+0.06)^30)) + 1000/(1+0.06)^30

P = 70*(1/0.06)*(1-(1/(1.06)^30)) + 1000/(1.06)^30

P = 70*(16.6667)*(1-(0.943396)^30) + 1000*(0.943396)^30

P = 70*(16.6667)*(1-0.17411) + 1000*(0.17411)

P = 70*(16.6667)*(0.82589) + 1000*(0.17411)

P = 963.54 + 174.11

P = 1137.65

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