The percent dissociation of 0.19 M HNO[tex]_3[/tex] in the presence of 0.19 M HCl is approximately 100.2%.
To calculate the percent dissociation of 0.19 M HNO[tex]_3[/tex] in the presence of 0.19 M HCl, we need to consider the common ion effect, which will shift the equilibrium to the left and decrease the concentration of [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] at equilibrium.
Let's start by calculating the concentration of [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] at equilibrium using the equilibrium constant expression and the initial concentration of HNO[tex]_3[/tex]:
Ka = [[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]][[tex]NO_3^-[/tex]]/[HNO[tex]_3[/tex] ]
At equilibrium, the concentration of [tex]NO_3^-[/tex] is equal to the concentration of HNO3 that has dissociated, which we can assume to be x. Therefore:
Ka = [[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]][x]/[0.19 - x]
We also know that HCl completely dissociates in water to give [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] and [tex]Cl^-[/tex]. Therefore, the concentration of [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] contributed by HCl is equal to 0.19 M.
The total concentration of [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] at equilibrium is therefore:
[[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] = [[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] from HNO[tex]_3[/tex] dissociation + [[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] from HCl dissociation
[[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] = x + 0.19
Substituting this into the equilibrium constant expression and solving for x:
Ka = [[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]][x]/[0.19 - x]
1.0 x [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] = (x + 0.19)x/(0.19 - x)
Using the quadratic formula: x = 4.08 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] M
Therefore, the concentration of [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] at equilibrium is:
[[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] = x + 0.19 = 0.1904 M
The percent dissociation of HNO[tex]_3[/tex] in the presence of 0.19 M HCl is:
% dissociation = ([[tex]H_3O^+[/tex]] at equilibrium / initial concentration of HNO[tex]_3[/tex] ) * 100%
% dissociation = (0.1904 M / 0.19 M) * 100%
% dissociation = 100.2%
Therefore the percent dissociation of 0.19 M HNO[tex]_3[/tex] in the presence of 0.19 M HCl is 100.2%.
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A hydrogen bond can occur between:
A. Two hydrogen atoms on different molecules.
B. Two oxygen atom surrounded by hydrogens.
C. The two hydrogen atoms on a water molecule.
D. A hydrogen from one molecule and an oxygen from another molecule.
The combination of a hydrogen atom in a molecule and the oxygen atom in another molecule leads to hydrogen bonding. Option D
How does hydrogen bond occur?For hydrogen bond to occur, hydrogen must be bonded to a highly electronegative atoms in a direct covalent linkage. This accounts for the high boiling point of water.
Thus we can say that a hydrogen bond occurred when a hydrogen from one molecule and an oxygen from another molecule. Option D
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An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers is called a ________. An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers is called a ________. enantiomer achiral diastereomer structural isomer racemic mixture
Two optical isomers can form:
An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers is called a racemic mixture.
What is a Racemic mixture?
An equimolar mixture of two enantiomers that is optically inactive is known as a racemic mixture (or racemate) (i.e. does not rotate plane-polarized light).
The racemic mixture can be created by:
Combining enantiomers in equal amounts, or (more frequently) Reactions that create one or more new chiral centers without the influence of chirality (i.e. chiral reagent, catalyst, etc.)The light that is plane-polarized does not spin in an optically inactive mixture.
Since each enantiomer rotates plane-polarized light to an equal and opposite extent, an equimolar mixture of two enantiomers will typically result in a racemic mixture. There won't be any net rotation if they are both present in equal proportions.
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In an ionic lattice:
A. atoms are packed together in a regular cubic arrangement
B. atoms are bonded with 2 single bonds and one double bond.
C. atoms are structured in a vast network of atoms.
D. atoms are bonded to four others in a tetrahedral shape.
In an ionic lattice, atoms are packed together in a regular cubic arrangement; option A.
What is an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is a compound which is composed of oppositely-charged ions which are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
The properties of ionic compound include:
They occur in regular crystal latticesThey have high melting and boiling pointsThey are electrolytes.Ionic lattices have regular structural patterns consisting of atoms arranged in a regular repeating pattern, usually a cube. There are several cubic structures in ionic lattices.
In conclusion, ionic lattices are regular repeating arrangement of atoms. Ionic lattices are usually arranged in the form of cubic crystal.
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a major textile dye manufacutrer developed a new yellow dye. the dye has a percent composition of 75.95%C, 17.72%n and 6.33%H by mass with a molar mass of about 240g/mol. determine the molecular formula of the dye
The molecular formula of dye:
A major textile dye manufacturer developed a new yellow dye with a molecular formula [tex]C_{15}N_{3}H_{15}[/tex].
Given:
Percentage composition:
C = 75.95%
N = 17.72%
H = 6.33%
Molar mass = 240 g
To find: molecular formula of dye
Calculation:
Let's assume the mass of the compound is 100 gm.
So, Mass of C = 75.95 gm
Mass of N = 17.72 gm
Mass of H = 6.33 gm
The number of moles = given mass/mass
Therefore, the number of moles of C = 75.95/12 = 6.33
The number of moles of N = 17.72/14 = 1.27
Number of moles of H =6.33/1 = 6.33
Simplest ratio:
C = 6.33/1.27 = 4.98 =5
N = 1.27/1.27 = 1
H = 6.33/1.27 = 4.98 =5
Therefore, the empirical formula is [tex]C_{5}NH_{5}[/tex]
The mass of empirical formula = 12 x 5 + 14 + 1 x 5 = 79 gm
Number of moles= molar mass/ empirical formula
n = 240/79 = 3.04 =3
Therefore, molecular formula = empirical formula x n
Hence, molecular formula = [tex]C_{15}N_{3}H_{15}[/tex]
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What kind of defect or dislocation does a carbon in a ti metal lattice represent?
electrical conductivity is the kind of defect or dislocation a carbon in a ti metal lattice represents.
The electrical conductivity of a metal is the result of the movement of charged particles. Atoms of metal elements are electrons in the outer shell of the atom and are characterized by the presence of valence electrons that can move freely around
Staircase dislocations and Lomer-Cottrell dislocations are examples of fixed dislocations. The two main types of movable dislocations are blade dislocations and spiral dislocations. The blade dislocations can be visualized as being caused by the termination of the atomic plane at the center of the crystal.
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15. What is the mass of mercury in a 250 g fish if the ppm was measured to be 0.23?
Answer: The mass of mercury will be 57.5 micrograms.
The given question deals with Analytical Chemistry where Concentration is asked here.
Concentration: Generally concentration is defined as amount of the substance per unit volume. Concentration is also expressed in parts per million(ppm) when it is a small quantity as in case of mercury content in fish.
Explanation: Given mass of the fish = 250 g,
ppm = 0.23
Now mass of mercury = 0.23 ppm × 250 g
= 0.23/1,000,000 × 250g
=0.23×250/1,000,000 g
= 0.0000575 g
=57.5 micrograms
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An iron bar at 200°c is placed in thermal contact with an identical iron bar at 120°c in an isolated system. after 30 minutes, both iron bars are at 160°c. if the iron bars were placed in thermal contact in an open system instead of an isolated system, how would the results be different? assume that the room temperature is 25°c.
A student weighs out a 7.24 g sample of , transfers it to a 300. mL volumetric flask, adds enough water to dissolve it and then adds water to the 300. mL tick mark. What is the molarity of zinc chloride in the resulting solutio
The molarity of the zinc chloride solution will be 0.089 M
MolarityMole of 7.24 g ZnCl2 = 7.24/136.286 = 0.5312 mol
Total volume of water used in preparing the solution = 300 + 300 = 600 mL
Molarity of the solution = mole/volume = 0.5312/0.6 = 0.089 M
The molarity of the zinc chloride solution is, therefore, 0.089 M
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Which is not considered part of the solar system?
Jovian planets
galaxies
terrestrial planets
sun
Galaxies is not the part of the Solar system.
Hence, Option B is correct answer.
What is Solar System ?Solar System is made up of all the planets that revolve around our Sun. Solar System contains eight planets. These planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Now lets check all options one by one
Option (A): Jovian Planets
Outer planets are called Jovian planets. These planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. So Jovian Planets are part of the Solar System.
Hence, Option A is incorrect.
Option (B): Galaxies
Galaxy has a black hole at its center. It is a huge collection of dust, billions of star and gas. So galaxies are not a part of the Solar system.
Hence, Option B is incorrect.
Option (C): Terrestrial Planets
Innermost planets in solar system are Terrestrial planets. These planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. So Terrestrial planets are part of the Solar system.
Hence, Option C is incorrect.
Option (D): Sun
The Sun is the part of the Solar system as it is the only star in our Solar system. Sun is the center of our Solar system.
Hence, Option D is incorrect.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Galaxies is not the part of the Solar system.
Hence, Option B is correct answer.
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The table shows the concentration of a reactant in the reaction mixture over a period of time.
Reactant Concentration
Time Concentration
Os 1.8 M
210 s 1.2 M
450 S 0.8 M
580 S 0.6 M
720 s 0.4 M
What is the average rate of the reaction over the first 450 seconds? (3 points)
Ob
Oc
Od
1.7 x 10-3
1.9 x 10-3
2.0 x 10-3
2.2 x 10-3
The average rate of the reaction over the first 450 seconds -2.2×10⁻³ M/s
What is speed?Speed is defined as the rate of change of the distance moved with time. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Speed = distance / time
With the above idea, we can obtain the rate of the reaction as illustrated below:
How to determine the rate of the reaction over the first 45osChange in concentration = 0.8 - 1.8 = -1 MTime = 450 sSpeed = ?Rate = Change in concentration / time
Rate = -1 / 450
Rate = -2.2×10⁻³ M/s
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D is correct for number 2. i just finished
explanation; i got it right
What is one off the differences in how the leading and lagging strands of dna molecules synthesize?
The basis of the difference between the leading and lagging strand is that DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of the growing strand.
The leading strand is the new DNA strand that continually extends from 5' to 3'. On the lagging strand, Okazaki fragments develop and are linked by DNA ligase activity. DNA polymerase can only attach new nucleotides to the 3' end of the developing strand, which forms the basis of the distinction between the leading and lagging strands.
Therefore, "DNA polymerase can link additional nucleotides exclusively to the 3' end of the developing strand" is the appropriate response.
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Elements on the periodic table are arranged in order by their
Answer:
in order of increasing atomic number, or the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which generally coincides with increasing atomic mass
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When enzyme activity rate has reached stability, an increase in the enzyme concentration will.
When enzyme activity rate has reached stability, an increase in the enzyme concentration will not make any difference in the enzyme rate.
What is an enzyme?Enzyme are proteins that act as biological catalysts.
How is enzyme activity measured?Enzyme activity is measured in micromoles of substrate converted (or product generated) per minute, which represents the rate of reaction catalyzed by that enzyme.
The activity an enzyme catalyzes in a reaction is a measure of how much of it is present. Numerous variables, including temperature, pH, and others, have an impact on the connection between activity and concentration.Every time an enzyme's concentration rises, so does its activity. This is as a result of the availability of additional enzymes to bind to the substrate. The reaction time quickens as a result. Increasing the concentration of the enzyme will quicken the reaction as long as there is a substrate for it to bind to.To learn more about enzyme activity visit:
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When enzyme activity rate has reached stability, an increase in the enzyme concentration will not make any difference in the enzyme rate.
What is an enzyme?
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts.
How is enzyme activity measured?Enzyme activity is measured in micromoles of substrate converted (or product generated) per minute, which represents the rate of reaction catalyzed by that enzyme.
The activity an enzyme catalyzes in a reaction is a measure of how much of it is present.Numerous variables, including temperature, pH, and others, have an impact on the connection between activity and concentration.Every time an enzyme's concentration rises, so does its activity.This is as a result of the availability of additional enzymes to bind to the substrate.The reaction time quickens as a result.Increasing the concentration of the enzyme will quicken the reaction as long as there is a substrate for it to bind to.To learn more about enzyme activity visit:
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Juan measured the temperature of salt water. he then added 273 temperature units to the measured temperature value. which temperature conversion is juan most likely doing?
Celcius to Kelvin
Temperature is defined as the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance It is measured using a thermometer and other equipment. The temperature can be measured in Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit.
What is Temperature ?Temperature is a physical quantity, thermometers. The units in which can be measured by Celcius, and Fahrenheit. Temperature is measured can be Kelvin,
These units are interconvertible and have certain conversion factors.For example, the conversion factor for Celcius to Kelvin is:0° Celcius = 273 Kelvin
In the given situation, Juan is using the conversion factor of Celcius to Kelvin.Celsius to Kelvin temperature conversion juan most likely to do
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_____ was the first expert system developed to determine the chemical structure of molecules.
Answer:
Dendral was the first expert system developed to determine the chemical structure of molecules.
Where is information found concerning acceptable species substitutions for wood materials used in aircraft repair
The list of acceptable species of wood materials used in aircraft structure is found in Table 1-1 on Page 1-2 of AC 43.13-1B.
Which types of wood are used in aircraft repair?Construction of Aircraft with Wood There are four types of wood that are frequently used in the manufacture of aircraft. These include Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, birch, and ash. Additionally, gabon, mahogany, balsa, and pine serve specific purposes. Softwood Sitka Spruce grows in both Canada and the United States of America.
What wood is used for aircraft?Contrary to popular opinion, Howard Hughes' Spruce Goose was made of birch, not spruce, despite the fact that Sitka spruce is the most often used wood in airplanes. Spruce is regarded as the best natural material for building aircraft because it has one of the highest strengths-to-weight ratios.
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Which of the following are exact
numbers? Select all that apply.
Answer:
I believe it would be 30, 100, and 1. You count them, and they're significant figures. The decimals are an estimate and cannot be measure exactly. That is what I've learned, not sure what you're learning but hopefully it helps...
Explanation:
Basic explanation is when you count, that's an exact count. You're not estimating. That's real. But for measuring something, you wouldn't have a precise answer because it could go on forever (like Pi)... this is just what i'm assuming.
A sample of hydrogen gas collected at a pressure of 0.923 atm and a
temperature of 17.0 °C is found to occupy a volume of 29.6 liters. How many
moles of H₂ gas are in the sample?
mol
Answer:
1.15 moles H₂
Explanation:
To find the moles of H₂ gas, you need to use the Ideal Gas Law equation. The equation looks like this:
PV = nRT
In this equation,
-----> P = pressure (atm)
-----> V = volume (L)
-----> n = moles
-----> R = Ideal Gas Constant (0.08206 L*atm/mol*K)
-----> T = temperature (K)
Before you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify, you need to convert Celsius to Kelvin.
P = 0.923 atm R = 0.08206 L*atm/mol*K
V = 29.6 L T = 17.0 °C + 273.15 = 290.15 K
n = ? moles
PV = nRT
(0.923 atm)(29.6 L) = n(0.08206 L*atm/mol*K)(290.15 K)
27.3208 = n(23.809709)
1.15 = n
Two liquids are in a graduated cylinder - liquid a has a density of 1.004 g/cm3 and liquid b has a density of 0.6223 g/cm3 . assuming that they do not mix, which liquid is on top and which liquid is on bottom? where would you expect to find the plastic cube from question #2 if it is dropped into the graduated cylinder with these two liquids?
Liquid B is expected to be at the top while liquid A is found at the bottom.
What is density?The term density has to do with the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume. Now given that the density of a substance actually shows how much heavy the substance is, it is not difficult to understand that a material that has a low density will flat at the top of a material that has a lower density.
Here we are told that the two liquids do not mix. If they do not mix then it follows that they must have formed a two phase system in which one is at the top of the other. The one that is at the top must have the lower density.
Thus, liquid B is expected to be at the top while liquid A is found at the bottom. From the density of the plastic cue, the cube will be at the top.
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What is the coefficient for oh−(aq) when s2−(aq) no3−(aq) → s(s) no(g) is balanced in basic aqueous solution?
From the balanced redox equation of the reaction, the coefficient of OH⁻ is 8.
What is the balanced redox equation of the reaction?A redox equation is the equation of a redox reaction in which oxidation and reduction occurs simultaneously.
The given redox reaction takes place in a basic solution
The balanced redox equation of the reaction is given below:
4 H₂O(l) + 3 S²⁻(aq) + 2 NO₃⁻(aq) ---> 3 S(s) + 2 NO + 8 OH⁻(aq)
In conclusion, a redox equation is balanced when oxidation and reduction occur to the same extent.
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Once ____________ bonds form between every fourth amino acid in a polypeptide chain, the chain begins to twist into the ____________ structure known as a(n) ____________ .
Once hydrogen bonds form between every fourth amino acid in a polypeptide chain, the chain begins to twist into the secondary structure known as a(n) alpha helix.
What is Amino Acid ?
Amino acids are organic compound. Amino acids contains amine and carboxyl functional group. Amino acids is the building block of life these are the molecules that combine to form proteins.
What is Polypeptide Chain ?A unique sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds is called polypeptide.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Once hydrogen bonds form between every fourth amino acid in a polypeptide chain, the chain begins to twist into the secondary structure known as a(n) alpha helix.
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pls help!! I need the answer to this ASAP
Answer:
I think the element is carbon and the atomic mass is 12.011
In the combustion of propane: __ C3H8 __ O2 --> __ CO2 __ H2O When the equation is balanced using the smallest whole numbers, the coefficient of O2 will be:
Answer:
1 C3H8 + 5 O2 --> 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Explanation:
USE PENCIL! Balancing equations typically requires some initial trial and error. Making changes is common.
_ C3H8 __ O2 --> __ CO2 __ H2O
We know we can only have whole molecules, so all number coefficients must be, eventually, whole numbers. It is OK to start with a fraction, but the final must be a shole number. Pick the most complex molecule (either product or reactant) and assign it a coefficient of 1.
1 C3H8 __ O2 --> __ CO2 __ H2O
Now find places for each of the atoms in C3H8 on the product side. 3 carbons means we need 3CO2 molecules, so add a coeffient of 3,
1 C3H8 __ O2 --> 3 CO2 __ H2O
3 CO2 means we need 6 oxygens, so add a coefficient of 3 for the O2:
1 C3H8 + 3 O2 --> 3 CO2 __ H2O
Now find a home for the 8 hydrogens that come from the 1 C3H8. Add 4 to the H2O product:
1 C3H8 + 3 O2 --> 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
This last step added 4 more O to the product side, so we need to adjust the reactant source of O:
1 C3H8 + 5 O2 --> 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Double check the result:
Element Reactant Product
C 3 3
H 8 8
O 10 10(6+4)
Everything checks.
[Note that one might use a fraction such as 1/2 or 1/3 just to make the balance work. But fractions must be converted to whole numbers for the final equation. For 1/2, multiply all coefficients by 2. By 3 for 1/3, etc.]
The function of the heat exchanger in a nuclear reactor is to...
Select one:
a. prevent the leakage of radiation into the environment.
b. convert water into steam, which turns a turbine.
c. cool the reactor water.
d. absorb neutrons to slow down the chain reaction.
Answer:
cool the tractor water system
Identify the products of the reaction between 2KOH and H₂SO4.
O KSO and H2₂O
OK2SO4 and H₂O
O H₂O and K₂SO4
O KH2 and SO4
Answer:
C.) H₂O and K₂SO₄
Explanation:
This appears to be a double-displacement reaction. In these reactions, the cation of one substance is swapped with the cation of another.
So, K⁺ from KOH is swapped with the H⁺ from H₂SO₄. The new compounds should have an overall charge of 0. Therefore, it may be necessary to modify the amount of each ion (not just be 1:1).
K₂SO₄
-----> K⁺ and SO₄²⁻
-----> + 1 + 1 + (-2) = 0
H₂O
-----> H⁺ and OH⁻
-----> + 1 + (-1) = 0
Explain why the production of a gas in this experiment is or is not different from the formation of water vapor in the heating curve experiment.
The production of a gas is different because unlike the heating curve, there was no heat applied to this experiment, and the experiment was a chemical reaction.
What is a Heating curve?This shows the relationship between the temperature of the heating system and the air temperature in the outer environment.
The chemical reaction emitted heat as against the other which involved heat application which is why water formation in this curve was different.
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Energy levels of electrons (n) indicates the distance of the energy level from the _______ values of n are positive integers n=1 is closest to the nucleus, and________ in energy
Energy levels of electrons (n) indicates the distance of the energy level from the nucleus values of n are positive integers n=1 is closest to the nucleus, and lower in energy
Any system which is in bounded state is consider to have negative potential energy and negative total energy.
The energy of the electrons rotating in the energy level is given as,
[tex]E_{n} = - 13.6/n^{2} eV[/tex]
[tex]E_{n}[/tex] is energy of the n level.n is the principle quantum number.So, on increasing value principle quantum number (n) the energy of the level is become higher.
The first energy level can contain to 2 electrons , the second energy levels can contain 8 electrons and third energy levels can contain 18 electrons and fourth energy levels can contain 32 electrons
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Nylon, a polyamide, is produced from hexanediamine and a substance, x. This substance, x, is most probably:____.
a. an amine.
b. a carboxylic acid.
c. a nitrile.
d. an alcohol.
Nylon, a polyamide, is produced from hexanedi-amine and a substance, x. This substance, x, is most probably a carboxylic acid.
A polymer containing repeating units connected by amide bonds being called a polyamide. Both naturally occurring and synthetic polyamides are found. Proteins found in materials like wool and silk were examples of naturally produced polyamides.
The term "nylon" refers to a family of polymeric materials made up of polyamides. Nylon would be a silk-like thermoplastic that may be formed into threads, films, or other shapes. It is often manufactured from petroleum.
Therefore, Nylon, a polyamide, is produced from hexanedi-amine and a substance, x. This substance, x, is most probably a carboxylic acid.
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is generally regarded as one of the most accomplished and influential
scientists in history.
answer - Albert Einstein
explanation -
Albert Einstein is arguably the most influential scientist of the 20th century. His … general theory of relativity changed our understanding of space and time, becoming one of the two pillars of modern physics – the other being quantum mechanics.
Complete the charge balance equation for an aqueous solution of h2co3 that ionizes to hco−3 and co2−3.
The relevant coefficients for each species on the right side of the equation in order to balance the charges.
We can add a coefficient of 2 to HCO³⁻ and a coefficient of 1 to CO3- because the charges must cancel out: H₂CO₃ ⇌ 2HCO³⁻ + CO₃²⁻-
The charges balance is now: No initial charge
Charge total: 2(-1) + (-2) = -4
Due to the balance of the charges, the charge balance equation is as follows: H₂CO₃ ⇌ 2HCO³⁻- + CO₃²⁻.
,Thus, The charge balance equation is as follows: H₂CO₃ ⇌ 2HCO³⁻- + CO₃²⁻.
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