To show that a language is context-free, one can
show that the language is not regular.
true or false
give a PDA that recognizes the language.
true or false
give a CFG that generates the language.
true or false
use the pumping lemma for CFLs.
true or false
use closure properties.
true or false

Answers

Answer 1

The statement "A context-free grammar can be constructed to generate a language, proving that it is context-free" is true.

To show that a language is context-free, one can use a few methods.

Firstly, one can try to find a context-free grammar that generates the language.

This involves constructing rules that produce the desired strings of the language.

If such a grammar can be found, then the language is indeed context-free.

Alternatively, one can use the pumping lemma for context-free languages to prove that the language cannot be context-free.

This involves assuming that the language is context-free and then showing that there exists a string in the language that cannot be pumped.

If this is the case, then the language is not context-free.

Therefore, it is either true or false that a language is context-free, depending on whether a context-free grammar or pumping lemma can be used to prove it.

For more such questions on Context-free grammar:

https://brainly.com/question/15089083

#SPJ11

Answer 2

The statement "A context-free grammar can be constructed to generate a language, proving that it is context-free" is true.

To show that a language is context-free, one can use a few methods.

Firstly, one can try to find a context-free grammar that generates the language.

This involves constructing rules that produce the desired strings of the language.

If such a grammar can be found, then the language is indeed context-free.

Alternatively, one can use the pumping lemma for context-free languages to prove that the language cannot be context-free.

This involves assuming that the language is context-free and then showing that there exists a string in the language that cannot be pumped.

If this is the case, then the language is not context-free.

Therefore, it is either true or false that a language is context-free, depending on whether a context-free grammar or pumping lemma can be used to prove it.

For more such questions on Context-free grammar:

brainly.com/question/15089083

#SPJ11


Related Questions

Mary and Billy are moving away to college and both know in their hearts that they need to end their relationship. They move away with a mutual agreement to breakup and leave peacefully. What is this called

Answers

In the case of Mary and Billy, the above is called Negotiated farewell.

What is Negotiated farewell?

In the case of  Negotiated Farewell, one can say that couples are knonw to jointly create the story of the end to what we say their marriage.

Note that Negotiated Farewell is one that is made for emotionally immature or any kind of combative people. hence, In the case of Mary and Billy, the above is called Negotiated farewell.

Learn more  about relationship from

https://brainly.com/question/10286547

#SPJ1

The appropriate software to use for writing and editing research papers is ________ software.

Answers

The appropriate software to use for writing and editing research papers is word processing software.

What is a word processing software?

A word processor is a computer application that allows you to create and edit text documents on a computer. It is a multifunctional software for writing, with different typography (fonts/fonts), font sizes, colors, paragraph types, artistic effects and other options.

With a word processor, however, it is possible to delete and edit the content at any time, as its basic functionality is performed on the screen. Once the writing task has been completed, the user has the option of saving the document on a computer medium (either on the computer's hard disk, on the Internet or on a CD) or printing the material.

Several people make use of this software, such as students from schools and colleges, resarchers, professionals working in the field of Law, engineers, teachers, among other people who need a program to edit or create text files.

See more about computing at: brainly.com/question/13027206

#SPJ1

In order to prevent ports that are serving network hosts from being considered as best paths, what should be enabled to block bpdus?

Answers

In order to prevent ports that are serving network hosts from being considered as best paths, BPDU guard should be enabled to block bpdus.

What are BPDU used for?

A bridge protocol data unit (BPDU) is known to be a kind of a data message that is known to be often  transmitted in a local area network to be able to know or find loops in that given network topologies.

Hence, in the case above, In order to prevent ports that are serving network hosts from being considered as best paths, BPDU guard should be enabled to block bpdus.

See full question below

. In order to prevent ports that are serving network hosts from being considered as best paths, what should be enabled to block BPDUs?

a. BPDU filter

b. BPDU guard

c. root guard

d. BPDU drop

Learn more about ports from

https://brainly.com/question/10097616

#SPJ1

connection failed while opening file within cryptographic module - mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -9984 ( X509 - Certificate verification failed, e.g. CRL, CA or signature check failed )

Answers

The connection that failed while opening file within cryptographic module - mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -9984 ( X509 - Certificate verification failed, e.g. CRL, CA or signature check failed is known to be a kind of a TLS hanshake failing with EC.

What are cryptographic products?

These are known to be Software, hardware or what we call the firmware that is made up of one or a lot of cryptographic functions.

Note that a cryptographic product is one that is made up of a kind of cryptographic module and they also help to implements security functions (such as cryptographic algorithms),

Therefore, based on the above, The connection that failed while opening file within cryptographic module - mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -9984 ( X509 - Certificate verification failed, e.g. CRL, CA or signature check failed is known to be a kind of a TLS hanshake failing with EC.

Learn more about cryptographic module  from

https://brainly.com/question/4451170

#SPJ1

If a few bits in an hdd sector or nvm page are corrupted, the controller can recover the correct values using ecc only if:___.

Answers

If a few bits in an hdd sector or nvm page are corrupted, the controller can recover the correct values using ecc only if option D) number of bits corrupted is low irrespective of where the corruption occurs in the sector/page.

Do hard drives have sectors?

In computer disk storage, a sector is known to be a kind of a subdivision that is made up of a track that can be seen on a magnetic disk or what we call the optical disc.

Note that Each sector is one that saves a fixed amount of what we call the user-accessible data.

Note that  the sector is seen as the smallest physical storage unit that can be found on the disk, and also on most file systems and thus when  a few bits in an hdd sector or nvm page are corrupted, the controller can recover the correct values using ecc only if option D) number of bits corrupted is low irrespective of where the corruption occurs in the sector/page.

Learn more about controller from

https://brainly.com/question/14931992

#SPJ1

See full question below

If a few bits in an HDD sector or NVM page are corrupted, the controller can recover the correct values using ECC only if

A) the bit corruption is limited to the data portion of the sector/page.

B) the bit corruption hasn't occurred in the ECC of the sector/page.

C) the bit corruption hasn't occurred in the ECC or the header of the sector/page.

D) number of bits corrupted is low irrespective of where the corruption occurs in the sector/page.

What are the three different types of hard drives? Briefly describe each, and list the possible configurations and device files for each type. Describe RAID level 5. What are the advantages of using RAID level 5 over other types of RAID?

Answers

The three different types of hard drives are:

SATASSD NVMe

What is the SATA drive?

This was said to be Introduced in the year 2003, SATA (or Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is known to be a kind of a default interface that was made for a lot of desktop and laptop hard drives.

Hence, The three different types of hard drives are:

SATASSD NVMe

Learn more about hard drives from

https://brainly.com/question/1558359

#SPJ1

Simple statistics looks catalog 3.15 LAB: Simple statistics Given 4 floating-point numbers. Use a string formatting expression with conversion specifiers to output their product and the average as integers (rounded, then as floating point numbers Output each rounded integer using the following print (1.0).tornat (your_value)) Output each floating point value with three digits after the decimal point, which can be achieved as follows print(1.3).format(your value)) Ex If the input is 3.3 10. 5.0 the output is 20722 2071. 7. 125 ACTIVITY 3151 LAB Simple statistics 0/10 main.py 1 2 - Floatinet()) - Floatinus Fotout Flatirot)

Answers

Based on the given instructions:

1. you must set the display format for all values: %0.2f

2. use f-string in this format: f"{}" and add your value in {}

3. int: convert float to integer and round: round up the number

The given code

num1 = float(input())

num2 = float(input())

num3 = float(input())

average = (num1+num2+num3) / 3

your_value = num1*num2*num3

print('%0.0f %0.0f %0.2f %0.2f' % (int(average), int(your_value), average, your_value))

# or:

print(f"{int(average)} {int(your_value)} {round(average,2)} {round(your_value,2)}")

Read more about floating point numbers here:

https://brainly.com/question/13440970

#SPJ1

What is the purpose of installing updates on your computer?

Answers

The purpose of adding updates to your computer are as follows:

Making sure your computer hardware can run the newest software programsEnsuring the built-in virus protection software is up to dateRemoving bugs and glitches from your operating systemAllowing your computer to run as fast as possible

find_cow(name, cows) Given a name and a Python list of Cow objects, return the Cow object with the specified name. If no such Cow object can be found, return None.

Answers

Using the computational knowledge in python it is possible to write a code that Given a name and a Python list of Cow objects

Writting the code in python:

def load_cows(filename):

     cow_dict = dict()

   f = open(filename, 'r')

   for line in f:

       line_data = line.split(',')

       cow_dict[line_data[0]] = int(line_data[1])

   return cow_dict

def greedy_cow_transport(cows, limit=10):

      trips = []

   cowsCopy = cows.copy()

   sortedCows = sorted(cowsCopy.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse = True)

   while sum(cowsCopy.values()) > 0:

       ship = []

       total = 0

       for cow, value in sortedCows:

           if cowsCopy[cow] != 0 and value + total <= limit:

               ship.append(cow)

               total += value

               cowsCopy[cow] = 0

       trips.append(ship)

   return trips

def brute_force_cow_transport(cows,limit=10):

    trips = []

    possibilities = []

   for i in power_list:

       ship = []

       for j in i:

           ship_weights = []

           for k in j:

               ship_weights.append(cows[k])

               #print(ship_weights)

           ship.append(sum(ship_weights))

           #print(ship)

       if all(d <= limit for d in ship):

           possibilities.append(i)

     pruned_possibilities = []

   for k in possibilities:

       if k not in pruned_possibilities:

           pruned_possibilities.append(k)

   # now find the minimum list length:

   min_list_len = min(map(len, pruned_possibilities))

   for l in pruned_possibilities:

       if len(l) == min_list_len:

           return l

     

def compare_cow_transport_algorithms():

      greedy_start = time.time()

   greedy_results = greedy_cow_transport(cows, limit = 10)

   greedy_end = time.time()

   print('Greedy Algorithm time:', greedy_end -greedy_start)

   brute_force_start = time.time()

   brute_force_results = brute_force_cow_transport(cows, limit = 10)

   brute_force_end = time.time()

   print('Brute force time:', brute_force_end - brute_force_start)

   print('Greedy Algorithm results:', greedy_results)

   print('Number of trips returned by Greedy Algorithm:', len(greedy_results))

   print('Brute Force Algorithm results:', brute_force_results)

   print('Number of trips returned by Brute Force Algorithm:', len(brute_force_results))

   

See more about python at brainly.com/question/13437928

#SPJ1

Write a short program that asks the user to enter a month & prints a message based on the month

Answers

Answer:

The Code:

def month(x):

    if (x==1):

        print ("January")

    if (x==2):

        print("February")

    if (x==3):

        print("March")

    if (x==4):

        print("April")

    if (x==5):

        print("May")

    if (x==6):

        print("June")

    if (x==7):

        print("July")

    if (x==8):

        print("August")

    if(x==9):

        print("September")

    if(x==10):

        print("October")

    if(x==11):

        print("November")

    if(x==12):

        print("December")

    if(x<1 or x>12):

        print("Wrong Input! Try again")

month = int(input("Enter the month number: "))

month(month)

Explanation:

The above program is written in the PYTHON programming language.

In this program, the user inputs the number of any month, showing the month name in the output. For example,

if user enters 1, month name = JANUARY

if user enters 5, month name = MAY

and if the user enters 13, then output = Wrong Input! try again

#SPJ2

When you group together related variables, the group is referred to as a(n) ____ of variables

Answers

Answer:

Array of variables

Explanation:

This occurs when you group together related variables

A photograph is created by what
A) Silver
B) Shutters
C) Light
4) Mirror

Answers

A photograph is created by Light.

What are photographs made of?

Any photograph created is one that is made up of Support and binders.

The steps that are needed in the creation of a photograph are:

First one need to expose or bring the film to light.Then develop or work on the imageLastly print the photograph.

Hence, for a person to create a photograph, light is needed and as such, A photograph is created by Light.

Learn more about photograph from

https://brainly.com/question/25821700

#SPJ1

Write a script named copyfile.py. this script should prompt the user for the names of two text files. the contents of the first file should be input and written to the second file.

Answers

Based on the above, The  script named copyfile.py.  is written in the image attached.

What is a script?

In regards to computer programming, a script is known to be a kind of a computer  program or we can say a sequence that is known to be made up of a lot of instructions that is often seen to be interpreted or done by another program instead of the computer processor.

Note that  some languages have been birth a lot expressly and they are known to be the script languages.

Therefore, scripting language or we say script language is known to be a programming language that is is often used to alter , customize, and automate what we say the facilities of any existing system.

Hence,  Based on the above, The  script named copyfile.py.  is written in the image attached.

Learn more about script  from

https://brainly.com/question/3700565

#SPJ1

Every time a user enters a different web page url into a browser, the same web page appears. what will help in this situation?atask managerbfirewallcanti-malwareddevice manager

Answers

Every time a user enters a different web page url into a browser, the same web page appears. the issue that can help is the use of firewall.

What is firewall and how it works?

The term firewall is known to be that which helps protect a person's network from attackers.

Note that A firewall shields one's network because it work in a 24/7 filter window, and this is one that often works by scanning the data that tries to enter your network and hinder anything that may act or looks suspicious from getting through.

Hence, in the case above, Every time a user enters a different web page url into a browser, the same web page appears. the issue that can help is the use of firewall.

Learn more about firewall from

https://brainly.com/question/13693641

#SPJ1

You need a(n) _____ to play an mp3 audio file on a desktop or laptop computer

Answers

You need a stand alone player to play an mp3 audio file on a desktop or laptop computer.

What is a stand alone player?

The standalone player is known to be a device that gives room for a person or is one that allows a Blender game to be able to run without one trying to load the Blender system.

Note that in the above, You need a stand alone player to play an mp3 audio file on a desktop or laptop computer.

Learn more about laptop computer from

https://brainly.com/question/13213990

#SPJ1

Anonymity on the internet has lowered the cost of rudely confronting people. what has happened to the supply of rude confrontations?

Answers

The thing that has happened to the supply of rude confrontations is that  The supply has increased, shifting down and to the right.

What supply means in economics?

Supply in economics is known to be seen as the full amount of a given product or service that a given  supplier is known to offers to consumers at a specific point in time and a given price level.

Hence, The thing that has happened to the supply of rude confrontations is that  The supply has increased, shifting down and to the right because Anonymity on the internet has lowered the cost of rudely confronting people.

See full question below

Anonymity on the Internet has lowered the cost of rudely confronting people. What has happened to the supply of rude confrontations? a) The supply has decreased, shifting up and to the left. b) The supply has increased, shifting up and to the left. C) The supply has decreased, shifting down and to the right. d) The supply has increased, shifting down and to the right. Question 46 (1 point) Figure: Supply Shift Saved Price $100-

Learn more about Anonymity from

https://brainly.com/question/3980546

#SPJ1

which of the following is acomputer program that detects, prevents. and takes action sto deactivate or remove malicious programmsd

Answers

Answer:

antivirus software is the answer to prevent computer from malicious program

Assign 20 to variables x, y and z in a single statement.

Answers

Answer:

x=y=z=20

Explanation:

This assigns the same value, which is 20 to multiple variables

"necessarily is the mother of computer " justify this statement with respect to the evolution of computer.​

Answers

Explanation:

Computers in the form of personal desktop computers, laptops and tablets have become such an important part of everyday living that it can be difficult to remember a time when they did not exist. In reality, computers as they are known and used today are still relatively new. Although computers have technically been in use since the abacus approximately 5000 years ago,

Which epolicy orchestrator component gathers the events from the managed systems and uploads them to the epo server?

Answers

The policy orchestrator component that gathers the events from the managed systems and uploads them to the epo server is mcAfee agent.

Which ePolicy orchestrator component  is enforced?

The McAfee Agent can be described as the one that is distributed component of McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (McAfee ePO).

It helps in downloads and enforcement of policies and it executes client-side tasks.

To find  find  McAfee agent, one can follow these steps:

View McAfee Agent Status MonitorOn the managed system,  select McAfee Agent Status Monitor. Save Contents to Desktop to save the contents of the McAfee Agent log to a file.

Learn more about mcAfee agent at:

https://brainly.com/question/28070242

#SPJ1

Deploying an application across multiple __________________ can help build a robust architecture for an application that needs to have an up-time of at least 99.5

Answers

Deploying an application across multiple regions can help build a robust architecture for an application that needs to have an up-time of at least 99.5.

What is multi-region deployment?

The Multi-Region Infrastructure Deployment is known to be one that aids customers a lot to be able to easily control updates in regards to infrastructure needed for applications that are said to be deployed in all of primary and secondary Regions.

Hence, Deploying an application across multiple regions can help build a robust architecture for an application that needs to have an up-time of at least 99.5.

Learn more about architecture  from

https://brainly.com/question/9760486

#SPJ1

In which directory would a system administrator store scripts that should be run monthly by the cron daemon?

Answers

Answer: /etc/cron.monthly

Explanation:

7.6 lab: replacement words write a program that finds word differences between two sentences. the input begins with the first sentence and the following input line is the second sentence. assume that the two sentences have the same number of words. the program displays word pairs that differ between the two sentences. one pair is displayed per line. ex: if the input is: smaller cars get better gas mileage tiny cars get great fuel economy then the output is: smaller tiny better great gas fuel mileage economy hint: store each input line into a list of strings.

Answers

The program that finds word differences between sentences (according to the description) above is given below.

What is a program?

A program is a set of codes and or instructions that are written sequentially and deliberately such that the computer, when it reads and executes them give a specific and premedicated output.

The lines of code that gives the output described above is:

import java.util.Scanner;  public class LabProgram {

     public static int findWordInWordList(String[] wordList, String wordToFind, int numInList) {

       for (int i = 0; i < numInList; i++) {

            if (wordList[i].equals(wordToFind)) {

                return i;

            }         }         return -1;

    }      public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in);

         String[] original = new String[20], modified = new String[20];         int numInList = scnr.nextInt();

        for (int i = 0; i < numInList; i++) {

            original[i] = scnr.next();

           modified[i] = scnr.next();

        }          int numWords = scnr.nextInt();

        String[] words = new String[numWords];

        for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++) {

            words[i] = scnr.next();

        }          int index;

       for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++) {

           index = findWordInWordList(original, words[i], numInList);             if (index != -1)

                words[i] = modified[index];

        }          for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++)             System.out.print(words[i] + " ");

        System.out.println();     } }

Learn more about programing:
https://brainly.com/question/23275071
#SPJ1

Joe is examining the logs for his web server and discovers that a user sent input to a web application that contained the string WAITFOR. What type of attack was the user likely attempting

Answers

SQL Injection Attack

Every time you call a method, the address to which the program should return at the completion of the method is stored in a memory location called the ____.

Answers

Answer:

Stack

Explanation:

Every time you call a method, the address to which the program should return at the completion of the method is stored in a memory location called the stack.

If a DBMS enforces a DELETE CASCADE option on the referential integrity constraint between SELLER and REALTOR in the HOMETOWN REALESTATE database, what will be the outcome after a user tries to delete the third record (R3, Cliff) from REALTOR

Answers

The outcome will be option b: ) CLIENT will have 6 records, AGENT will have 3 records.

What are client records?

Client record is known to be a form of a written composition of information that tells and documents the examination , diagnosis or others of a client.

Based on the above scenario, The outcome will be option b: ) CLIENT will have 6 records, AGENT will have 3 records.

Learn more about Client record from

https://brainly.com/question/238697

#SPJ1

PLEASE HELP!! And please don't just answer for points.

This question is from my animation class.

What was the “aha!” moment or breakthrough that Ulbrich describes?

Answers

Answer:

What was the aha moment or breakthrough that Ulbrich describes?

Explanation:

The “aha!” moment was when the found out about a new type of technology, called contour. This helped them create their character in a much better way.

At startup, Windows Server 2012 Core presents _______.

Answers

At startup, Windows Server 2012 Core presents a command window.

What is a Windows Server used for?

Windows Server is known to be a kind of a group of operating systems that is made by Microsoft that aids enterprise-level management, data storage, applications, and others.

The Command window is known to be that which gives a person  the information, it also gives instructions, and gives room for one  to be able to enter commands usually at the Command prompt.

Therefore, note that at startup, Windows Server 2012 Core presents a command window as it is the first thing that will come up.

Learn more about Windows Server from

https://brainly.com/question/25554117

#SPJ1

An instructor has given a student an assignment to assemble a pc. in which situation should the student be aware that esd is an issue?

Answers

When installing RAM situation is one where the student should be aware that esd is an issue.

What is the RAM in a computer?

RAM is a term that connote random-access memory and a computer RAM is known to be a kind of a short term memory and it is a place where data is said to be saved as at the time that the processor needs it.

Hence, When installing RAM scenario is one where the student should be aware that esd is an issue and then one can resolve it.

See full question below

An instructor has given a student an assignment to assemble a PC. In which situation should the student be aware that ESD is an issue?

when installing RAMwhen working in a corporate environment that has carpet installed under tower PCswhen using a grounded mat and working on a computer on an ungrounded workbenchwhen installing a dual-voltage power supply

Learn more about RAM from

https://brainly.com/question/13196228

#SPJ1

Any two differences between second generation and third generation Write any generation computer.​

Answers

Answer:


The second generation computer is based on the transistor whereas the third generation computer is based on the integrated chip.

Explanation:

Other Questions
Will mark brainliest AP Human GeographyWater run-off is likely to be greatest in which of the following settings?- Beachfront- Alpine terraces- Flat farmland- Forest preserve- City Plzzz answer this question correctly a-3.2=5.5 what does a equal?? PLEASE HELP ITS OVERDUE PLEASE I NEED HELP!! Trapezoid ABCD has an area of 57. BC = 7 and AD = 12. What is the height of the trapezoid? i need a second anser to this one why was discovering this tree like discovering a dinosaur? In Frankenstein, once the monster and Victor board the ship going to the Arctic Circle, what does the monster (GIVING BRAINLIEST!!) Due to altitude, you might find snow here during the summer months.A) By a lakeB) In the forestC) In the oceanD) On a mountain -4x(5x +1)this needs to be written in polynomials Is this a parallelogram? If so, please explain why. The Mixing Department of Premium Foods had 50,000 equivalent units of materials for October. Of the 50,000 units, 25,000 units were completed and transferred to the next department, and 25,000 units were 35% complete. Premium Foods's costs per equivalent unit of production are $0.96 for direct materials and $0.70 for conversion costs. All of the materials are added at the beginning of the process. Conversion costs are added evenly throughout the process and the company uses the weighted-average method.Calculate the cost of the 25,000 units completed and transferred out and the 25,000 units, 35% complete, in the ending Work-in-Process Inventory. Carsen loves to run. She runs 4 miles each day. If she wants to run a total of 56 miles how many days should she run? Write an equation to show this problem along with the answer. *Please click on "show your work" to set up the problem and show your work. Then, enter your answer in the box to the right. You must complete both of these steps. If Jay pushes on a box with a force of 20 N to the right and Bradley pushes on a box with a force of 15 N to the left, what is the net force on the box? What number is 16% of 576 in a fraction ? What is the yellow structure, and what role does it play in a cell?? Emilio earns $15 per hour at one job and $18 per hour at a second job. He works for 3 hours at the first job and 90 minutes at the second. What is his average hourly pay rate? HELP ME PLEASEMarcla shoots an arrow that hits a bull's-eye 80 feet away. Before hitting the bull's-eye, the arrow reaches amaximum height of 16 feet at the midway point, 40 feet.Part 1 out of 2If the bull's-eye is considered to be at (80, 0), what function (In Intercept form) could represent the path ofthe arrow If x is the horizontal distance from Marcia and h(x) represents the height of the arrow in relationto the horizontal distance?The function is h(x)=Next I WILL GIVE BRAINLIST PLEASE HELPIs the set of rational expressions closed under subtraction? Explain p(x) - r(x) = ______________ q(x) s(x)2. Is the set of rational expressions closed under multiplication? Explain ( p(x) ) ( r(x) ) = _______________ q(x) s(x)3. Is the set of rational expressions closed under division? Explainp(x) r(x) = ________________ q(x) s(x)