What are the types of mutation and examples?

A bacterial cell produces human insulin because human DNA has been added to the bacterial DNA is an example of genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology.

For example, genetic engineering may involve adding a gene from one species to an organism from a different species to produce a desired trait. Used in research and industry, genetic engineering has been applied to the production of cancer therapies.

Genetic engineering is accomplished in three basic steps. These are (1) The isolation of DNA fragments from a donor organism; (2) The insertion of an isolated donor DNA fragment into a vector genome and (3) The growth of a recombinant vector in an appropriate host.

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Over time, an adaptation that will make it easier for herbivores to acquire food is a long neck.

An herbivore is an organism that mostly eats plants. A herbivore can be any size, from tiny insects like ants to huge, massive elephants. Herbivores make up a substantial portion of the food web, which is a description of the species that eat other animals in the wild.

We are physically herbivorous, despite the fact that many people prefer to consume both plants as meat, giving us the questionable moniker of "omnivores." The good news is that it's still possible to dine like our ancestors: Vegetables, fruits, nuts, and legumes form the foundation of a wholesome vegan diet.

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There are two basic colors of cats, black and red. These are called “dominant” colors. The color of all cats relates to these two colors in some way, by changing the color or covering it up. There is also a “dilute” of each color.

Generally, the colours, which can be termed differently depending on the breed, are: white, red, blue, black, cream, cinnamon, fawn and brown. The colour of a cat depends completely on genetics. The two primary colours in cats are black and red. There are six varieties of cat fur patterns. These are Tabby, Solid, Bicolor, Tricolor, Tortoiseshell, and Colorpoint.

A cat displaying a dominant color (black, red, tortie, etc.) must have a parent which displays a dominant color. Two recessive color parents (cream, blue, etc.) cannot produce an offspring of a dominant color (black, red, etc.).

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Growth in all organisms occurs through the process of mitotic cell division. Cell division is the process of dividing old cells to form new cells, thereby increasing the number of cells needed for growth and various other activities in the body. It is a major and regular process essential to all life.

During mitosis, cells divide to form two identical daughter cells. All cells undergo mitosis and in this way the number of cells in the body increases and the organism grows.

Body tissue grows by increasing the number of cells that make it up. Cells in many tissues of the body divide and grow very rapidly into adulthood. As we grow, many cells mature and specialize in specific tasks in the body.

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Answer: C-the mouth and anus form the ends of the inner tube.

Explanation:

The controlled variable to the science experiment 'are fingerprints inherited' may include the use of molecular markers of known molecular size.

A controlled variable in a science experiment is any condition that remains constant along the experiment and thus serves to make comparisons with the target experimental groups such as in this case the use of samples of individuals containing molecular markers of known molecular size, which allow us to identify the alleles of polymorphism in the sample after electrophoresis agarose gel and visualization under UV light.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that a controlled variable in a science experiment is any condition that stays the same in the experiment, and therefore it can be used to determine the presence or absence of a given allele in a DNA fingerprint.

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   Hardness.

   Luster.

   Color.

   Streak.

   Specific Gravity.

A field of many different wildflowers considered as a community.

In the field of biology, the term "community" refers to a group of different species that live in close proximity to one another and interact with one another. Since a field of varied wildflowers is home to more than one species that coexist in the same region, we may refer to it as a community.

A population is defined as all of the creatures of the same species that are found in the same location at the same time; whereas an ecosystem is defined as all of the living and non-living components that make up an area; on the other side, the function that an organism fulfills within its community is referred to as its "niche."

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

a and d are definetly not ir

Plants that are native to the local area and are well-suited to the soil and climate would be most effective to use in a rain garden to reduce the impact of urban runoff.

These plants have deep root systems that help to absorb and filter water, reducing the amount of runoff that enters local waterways. They also help to reduce erosion and improve water quality. Additionally, plants that are drought-tolerant and able to withstand periods of standing water would be beneficial, as rain gardens can hold water for extended periods. It is important to note that the choice of plants will depend on the local conditions and the experimental design of the rain garden, for example, the pH of the soil, the amount of sun exposure, and the size and location of the rain garden. An expert in the field of horticulture or hydrology would be best suited to make recommendations for plants that would be most effective in a given location.

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I choose answer b on this map

The process of cell division helps the cell to avoid DNA overload by the following mechanism: Each daughter cell has its own copy of DNA and can coordinate all the activities of a smaller cell.

Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

Cell division may be defined as a process through which a parent cell significantly divides into two daughter cells with an identical amount of genetic material.

DNA overload deals with the mechanism of the larger the cell, the greater the requirement for the positioning of the cell's DNA. In order to prevent this mechanism, a cell undergoes the process of division that limits the phenomena of DNA overloading.

This happens with the help of synthesizing two new daughter cells that limit the size of the parental cell. Therefore, the correct option for this question is B.

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Full Question

The DNA of a cell is not programmed to coordinate the activities needed to keep a large cell alive. How does cell division help the cell avoid DNA overload

A. When a cell divides there is much less DNA

created than in the large cell, increasing the

overload.

B. Each daughter cell has its own copy of DNA

and can coordinate all the activities of a smaller

cell.

C. Cell division does not help cells to avoid DNA

overload.

Cells are created via cell department. And mitosis is an vital a part of this process. Mitosis creates equal copies of cells.

For example, it creates new pores and skin cells to update lifeless pores and skin cells. Interphase has 3 stages: G1, S and G2. During the G1 stage, the cell prepares for department via way of means of growing its mass. During the S stage, the cell synthesizes greater DNA. And at some point of the G2 stage, the cell synthesizes proteins because it keeps to grow. Before it is able to divide, a cell additionally wishes to have its lengthy uncoiled strands of DNA condensed into chromosomes. Otherwise, cell department might be like looking to break up a plate of spaghetti in half. Chromosomes are manufactured from bundles of DNA and protein. This makes them a lot simpler to transport around.

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Option C is Correct. Alligator marsh is a kind of wetland where herbaceous plants thrive.

These can be discovered close to the shores of lakes or any other body of water. A marsh is a zone where the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems meet. Rushes, reeds, and grasses are the predominant flora in wetlands.

Alligators are a type of amphibian that is related to crocodiles. These inhabit freshwater and brackish environments. These amphibians complete their life cycle in environments on land and in water. They favor environments like marshes, lakes, swamps, ponds, and rivers as their home. Alligators may survive in the marsh ecosystem thanks to the muddy terrestrial habitat and freshwater.

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You are correct in your assumption. The kind of fossil that has been described in the question is Crystallization. It is also called crystallized fossil. The correct option is B ,

The solidification of a liquid material into a highly structured solid whose atoms or molecules are arranged in a well-defined three-dimensional crystal lattice is known as crystallization. A unit cell is the smallest individual portion of a crystal. Millions of similar unit cells make up the crystal.

Crystallization is the process of separating solid substances in the form of crystals from a solution. This procedure is most commonly used to separate a pure solid from a solution. It is a bodily transformation.

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Full Question ;

Insects often get stuck in the sap of ancient trees. The sap along with the insect inside harden forming a fossil. What kind of fossil is this?

A Cast

B Crystallization------What I think it is.

C Mold

D Trace

When protease is added, proteins breakes into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and forms new protein products.

A protease is an enzyme that catalyzes (increases reaction rate or "speeds up") proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids and promoting the creation of new protein products. It is also known as a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme.

They achieve this by using hydrolysis, a mechanism in which water breaks bonds, to cleave the peptide bonds found in proteins. Protein digestion after ingestion, protein catabolism (the breakdown of aged proteins),[3][4] and cell signaling are only a few of the biological processes that proteases are involved in.

All living forms and viruses have proteases. They have repeatedly developed independently.

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Louis Pasteur conducted an experiment to disprove the theory of spontaneous generation using a swan-necked flask.

The theory of spontaneous generation stated that life happens to originate from non-living matter. A lot of scientists were in support and also against the theory. Louis Pasteur conducted an experiment using the swan-necked flask to disprove this theory.

In his experiment, he took a swan-necked flask which was shaped like an "S" and in that flask he put a nutrition rich broth. After this, he boiled the broth in order to kill any microorganisms which were already present in the broth. The broth was exposed to the air left undisturbed.
He then observed that regardless for how long he let the broth sit, the dust particles and other things never made it to the broth and no growth of microorganisms was seen. This proved that the microorganisms do not arise out of non-living matter but are introduced through air.

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Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another, according to the rule of conservation of energy.

An isolated system's total energy is constant over time in accordance with the rule of conservation of energy. The law of energy conservation applies to all kinds of energy.

Most importantly, energy conservation can be accomplished by either using less energy or by using fewer services. First of all, conserving energy is crucial for preserving non-renewable energy sources. Additionally, the regeneration process for non-renewable energy sources takes centuries.

In the planning and construction of buildings, energy conservation is crucial. Since the 1970s, its prominence has grown. Concern about the implications of climate change has recently energy conservation is crucial, as concern over climate change and global warming has highlighted.

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The light reactions of plants are a series of photochemical reactions that occur in the chloroplasts of plant cells. These reactions convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

The light reactions are divided into two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane and involve the chloroplasts absorption of light energy by pigments, the transfer of electrons through a series of electron carriers, and the production of ATP and NADPH. The independent light reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, take place in the stroma of chloroplasts and use the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to fix carbon dioxide and create glucose and other sugars.

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This growth corresponds to the volume of the rocks. According to the displacement caused by the boulder, the water in the grade cylinder rises.

Water molecules have a twisted, polar shape with partial p-sides on the hydrogen atoms and partial electrostatic force on the oxygen atoms. This is due to oxygen's greater electronegative nature, which draws electrons more potently than hydrogen does. Water is a fantastic solvent.

A water molecule is consisting of two hydrogen bonds bound to a carbon atom and has a bend overall structure. This is due to the fact that in addition to bonding with both hydrogen bond, the oxygen molecule also carries 2 sets of lone electrons. maintain the same temperature.

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Most point mutations are harmless because the majority of the genetic code is non-coding, meaning that it does not contain instructions for making proteins.

Point mutations that occur in non-coding regions of the DNA will not affect the function of the proteins that are produced, and therefore, will not cause any harm.

Additionally, point mutations that occur in coding regions can sometimes result in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein, but the change may not be significant enough to alter the protein's function. For example, a point mutation that changes one amino acid in a protein's sequence may not disrupt the protein's structure or function. This is known as a silent mutation.

Furthermore, some point mutations can even be beneficial by providing a selective advantage. For example, a point mutation that changes a codon for an amino acid to one that codes for a different amino acid but still allows the protein to function properly.

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when one human cell 46 DNA molecules divides by mitosis, the cell then splits in two by a process called cytokinesis, creating two clones of the original cell, each with 46 monovalent chromosomes.

What is Mitosis?

Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a cell (mother cell) divides to produce two new cells of her (daughter cells) that are genetically identical to itself. In the context of the cell cycle, mitosis is the part of the mitotic process in which the DNA in the cell's nucleus is divided into her two equal sets of chromosomes.

The purpose of mitosis is to form more diploid cells. It works by copying each chromosome and spreading the copies out on different sides of the cell.

Mitosis is required for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction. It plays an important role in the development of organisms. In unicellular organisms, mitosis is thought to be the process of asexual reproduction.

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In desired traits, by breeding these two types of plants we will get a hybrid plant with the desired traits: red flowers and speckled leaves.

A trait is a specific characteristic of an individual. Traits can be determined by genes, environmental factors or by a combination of both. Traits can be qualitative or quantitative.

Genes carry the information that determines your traits (say: trates), which are features or characteristics that are passed on to you — or inherited — from your parents. Each cell in the human body contains about 25,000 to 35,000 genes.

Biological traits describe species' physiology, morphology, life history, and behavior, capturing both inter-specific interactions and the connections between species and their environment.

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Answer:

d. four

Explanation:

Carbon can form maximum of four bonds to other atoms due to its electronic configuration and valence electron counts).

A young goat has downward-curved horns. One copy of the gene for horn shape was passed down to the young goat from its father and one copy from its mother is the explanation.

A ratio of dominant to recessive traits is the result of the gene combination from the parents, as stated by Mendel's second law of inheritance, which states that a pair of traits segregate independently of another pair during gamete formation. In phenotype sharing, the offspring will only exhibit the dominant trait when parents with required traits are crossed together. This suggests that the dominant mother and not the dominant father passed on the horn-shaped gene to the young goat.

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As the variation of tough grass that has silicates (compounds containing oxygen and silicon) that reinforce its leaves has allowed this type of grass to survive for many years in an adverse environment, this is an example of b. natural selection.

This particular type of grass has adapted over time to survive in an adverse environment, due to its silicates (compounds containing oxygen and silicon) reinforcing its leaves. This is an example of natural selection, showing how the grass has been able to survive for many years despite the difficult conditions.

The variety of grass characterized by silicates (oxygen and silicon compounds) in its leaves has enabled it to survive in difficult environments over the years. This is a prime example of natural selection at work.

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A genetic mutation brought on by the replacement of one nucleotide with another nucleotide is called a point DNA mutation.

A mutation is a change to an organism's DNA sequence. Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations. Somatic mutations (which happen in body cells) cannot be passed on to offspring, whereas germline mutations (which happen in eggs and sperm) can.

Point mutations involve the substitution, deletion, or insertion of a single nitrogenous nucleotide into a single base pair of DNA. The sickle cell anemia condition is a case of a point mutation. The beta-globin chain of the blood's hemoglobin pigment is affected by a single base pair mutation.

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